UTM

UNIVERSm TEKNOLOGI MAUYSIA

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA

FACULTY OF SCIENCE

FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER I, SESSION 2015/2016

COURSE CODE SSCP 1143

COURSE NAME MECHANICS

LECTURERS ASSOC. PROF. DR, ZUHAIRI IBRAHIM

DR. RAMLI BIN ARIFIN
DR. ABD. RAHMAN BIN TAMURI

PROGRAMMES SSCZ, SSCF, SSCM, SSCE

DATE 31 DECEMBER 2015

DURATION VA HOURS

INSTRUCTION TO STUDENTS : Answer ALL questions

(THIS EXAMINATION SCRIPT CONSISTS OF 8 PRINTED PAGES)

 SSCP 1143

1. (a) A jogger runs 145 m in a direction 20.0° east o f north (displacement vector A) and then
105 m in a direction 35.0° south o f east (displacement vector B) as shown in Figure 1.
Determine the magnitude and direction o f the resultant vector for these two displacements.

+v N

Figure 1 [4 marks]

(b) A projectile launched with initial speed Vg at angle Oo (between 0° to 90°). Show that the
maximum height, h and horizontal range R are given as:

17 (- ^ sin- «(,
n =
~2 ~g
and

IV S3H l a r
R=
3
[ 6 marks]

(c) At serve, a tennis player aims to hit the ball horizontally (Figure 2). What minimum speed
is required for the ball to clear the 0.90 m high net about 15.0 m from the server if the
ball is “launched” from a height o f 2.50 m?

Figure 2 [4 marks]
2
 SSCP 1143

(d) A 1 N pendulum bob is held at an angle 6 from the vertical by a 2 N horizontal force F as
shown in Figure 3. Determine the tension in the string supporting the pendulum bob (in
newtons).

Figure 3 [3 marks]

(e) You are standing on a bathroom scale in an elevator in a tall building. Your mass is 72 kg.
The elevator starts from rest and travels upward with a speed that varies with time
according to v(t) = (3.0 m/s^)/ + (0.20 m/s^)/^. When t = 4.0 s, what is the reading o f the
bathroom scale?
[3 marks]

2. (a) A certain spring is found not to obey Hooke’s law; it exerts a restoring force
Fx(x) = - a x - if it is stretched or compressed, where a = 60.0 Nm'* and >5=18.0 Nm'^.
The mass o f the spring is negligible.

(i) Calculate the potential-energy function U(x) for this spring. Let U=Q when x = 0.

(ii) An object with mass 0.900 kg on a frictionless, horizontal surface is attached to this
spring, pulled a distance 1 .0 0 m to the right (the + x-direction) to stretch the spring,
and released. What is the speed o f the object when it is 0.50 m to the right o f the x = 0 I

equilibrium position?

[8 marks]
 SSCP 1143

(b) A mass rriA = 2.0 kg, moving with velocity va = (4.0/ + 5.0/ - l.Ok) m s'^ collides with
mass mB = 3.0 kg, which is initially at rest. Immediately after the collision, mass niA is
observed traveling at velocity va = (-2.0/ + 3.0A) ms'*. Find the velocity o f mass niB after
the collision. Assume no outside force acts on the two masses during the collision.
[4 marks]

(c) A 75 kg roofer climbs a vertical 7.0 m ladder to the flat roof o f a house. He then walks 12
m on the roof, climbs down another vertical 7.0 m ladder and finally walks on the ground
back to his starting point.

(i) Determine the total work done on him by gravity during this round trip?

(ii) On the basis o f your answer to part (i), would you say that gravity is a conservative
or non-conservative force? Explain.

[8 marks]

3. (a) What is the difference between tangential and radial accerelations for a point on a rotating
body?
[2 marks]
(b) An airplane propeller is rotating at 1900 rpm (rev/min).
i) Compute the propeller’s angular velocity in rad/s,
ii) How many second does it take for the propeller to turn through 35°.
[4 marks]

(c) A bicycle’s wheel has an initial angular velocity o f 1.50 rad/s. If its angular acceleration
is constant and equal to 0.300 rad/s^,
i) Calculate the angular velocity at / = 2.5 s?
ii) Through what angle has the wheel turned between t = 0 and t = 2.50 s?
[5 marks]
 SSCP 1143

(d) The work done by a force is the product o f force and distance. The torque due to a force
is the product o f force and distance. Does this mean that torque and work are equivalent?
Explain.
[3 marks]

(e) A square metal plate 0.180 m on each side is pivoted about an axis through point O at its
center and perpendicular to the plane. Calculate the net torque about this axis due to the
three forces shown in Figure 4 if the magnitude o f the forces are Fi=lS.O N, F 2 = 26.0 N
and F 3 = 14.0 N. The plate and all forces are in the plane o f the page.
[ 6 marks]

Figure 4
 SSCP 1143

4. (a) (i) What are the conditions for dynamic equilibrium with reference to force and torque?

(ii) Figure 5 shows a wheel o f radius r = 0.5 m and weight fV = 300 N is to be raised over
an obstacle o f height = 0.3 m by a horizontal force F applied to the centre.
Determine the minimum value o f F.

[7 marks]

Figure 5

(b) The mass o f the moon is 81% the mass o f the earth. The distance between the centres o f
the earth and the moon is 60 times the radius o f earth R = 6400 km. Find the centre o f
mass o f the earth-moon system.

[5 marks]

(c) State the Kepler’s law.

[3marks]

(d) Show that for a satellite moving close to the earth’s surface along the eqviator, moving in
the western direction will require a higher launching speed than that moving in the
eastern direction.

Given that the linear speed o f an object on the equator is 465.3 m s'* and the orbital
-1
velocity of a surface satellite is 7920 m s' .

[5 marks]
 SSCP 1143

5. (a) (i) What is the Pascal's principle?

(ii) Figure 6 shows the piston on the left has a cross-sectional area o f 800 cm^ and a mass
of 600 kg. The piston on the right has a cross-sectional area o f 25 cm^ and the mass
can be neglected. The space between the two pistons is filled with hydraulic oil with a
density o f 780 kg m'^. Calculate the force, F needed to achieve an equilibrium.

[6 marks]

Figure 6

(b) Figure 7 shows a cylinder filled with water o f volume F is fitted with a piston and is
placed horizontally. There is a small hole o f cross-sectional area s at the other end o f the
cylinder, s being much smaller than the cross-sectional area o f the piston.

I
p

r
Figure 7
 SSCP 1143

Show that the work to be done by a constant force acting on the piston to squeeze all
water from the cylinder in time t is given by

where p is the density o f water. Neglect friction and viscosity.

[5 marks]

(c) A manometer is fixed to a water tap. When the valve is closed the manometer shows the

reading o f 3.5 x 10^ Pa. When the valve is open the reading becomes 3.1 x 10^ Pa. Find
the speed o f water.
[4 marks]

(d) Water flows through a tube 8 cm in diameter and 4 km in length at the rate o f 120 litre/min.
Calculate the pressure required to maintain the flow. Coefficient o f viscosity o f water,
rj = 0.001 SI units. 1 atm = 1.013 x 10^ Pa.

[5 marks]