Drug Information Abjad D

Drug Information: Danazol
(da' na zole)
IMPORTANT WARNING:
Do not take danazol if you are pregnant or breast-feeding. A method of birth control (contraception)
other than oral contraceptives should be used while taking danazol. If you become pregnant, call your
doctor immediately. Life-threatening strokes, increased pressure in the brain, and serious liver disease
complicated by potentially life-threatening abdominal bleeding have been reported during therapy with
danazol. Talk to your doctor about the potential risks associated with this medication.
Why is this medication prescribed?
Danazol is used to treat endometriosis, a disease that causes infertility, pain before and during
menstrual periods, pain during and after sexual activity, and heavy or irregular bleeding. Danazol is
also used in fibrocystic breast disease to reduce breast pain, tenderness, and nodules (lumps).
Danazol is also used to prevent attacks of angioedema in both males and females.
This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more
information.
How should this medicine be used?
Danazol comes as a capsule to take by mouth. It usually is taken twice a day. Women should take the
first dose during a menstrual period and take it continuously thereafter. Follow the directions on your
prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not
understand. Take danazol exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than
prescribed by your doctor.
Do not stop taking danazol without talking to your doctor. If you have fibrocystic breast disease, breast
pain and tenderness usually improve during the first month that you take danazol and go away in 2-3
months; nodules should improve in 4-6 months.
What special precautions should I follow?
Before taking danzaol,
 tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to danazol or any other drugs.
 tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription medications you are
taking, especially anticoagulants ('blood thinners') such as warfarin (Coumadin); diabetes
medications such as insulin; medications to prevent seizures, especially carbamazepine
(Tegretol); and vitamins.
 tell your doctor if you have or have ever had migraine headaches; heart, liver, or kidney
disease; seizures (epilepsy); or a history of stroke, blood clots, or breast cancer.
What should I do if I forget a dose?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember it. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip
the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for
a missed one.
What side effects can this medication cause?
Danazol may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go
away:
 acne
 decrease in breast size
 deepening of the voice, hoarseness, or sore throat
 weight gain
 swelling (water retention and bloating)
 oily skin or hair
 hair growth in unusual amounts and places
 flushing
 sweating
 vaginal dryness, burning, itching, or bleeding
 nervousness
 depression
 irritability
 absence of menstrual cycle, spotting, or change in menstrual cycle
If you experience any of the following symptoms, call your doctor immediately:
 skin rash
 yellowing of the skin or eyes
 persistent headache
 persistent upset stomach
 vomiting
 visual disturbances
 persistent abdominal pain
 for males, frequent, prolonged, or painful penile erections
If you experience a serious side effect, you or your doctor may send a report to the Food and Drug
Administration's (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting program online [at
http://www.fda.gov/MedWatch/index.html] or by phone [1-800-332-1088].
What storage conditions are needed for this medicine?
Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Store it at
room temperature and away from excess heat and moisture (not in the bathroom). Throw away any
medication that is outdated or no longer needed. Talk to your pharmacist about the proper disposal of
your medication.
In case of emergency/overdose
In case of overdose, call your local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. If the victim has
collapsed or is not breathing, call local emergency services at 911.
What other information should I know?
Keep all appointments with your doctor and the laboratory. You probably will have periodic blood tests;
men also may have semen tests. Your doctor may change your dose, depending on your response to
the medication.
Do not let anyone else take your medication. Ask your pharmacist any questions you have about
refilling your prescription.
It is important for you to keep a written list of all of the prescription and nonprescription (over-the-
counter) medicines you are taking, as well as any products such as vitamins, minerals, or other dietary
supplements. You should bring this list with you each time you visit a doctor or if you are admitted to a
hospital. It is also important information to carry with you in case of emergencies.
Brand name(s):
 Danocrine®
Last Revised - 04/01/2003

Last Reviewed - 08/01/2007
Drug Information: Dantrolene Oral

(dan' troe leen)
IMPORTANT WARNING:
Dantrolene can cause severe liver damage. Do not use dantrolene for conditions other than those
recommended by your doctor. Do not take more than the recommended amount prescribed by your
doctor. Do not take dantrolene if you have active liver disease. If you experience any of the following
symptoms, call your doctor immediately: yellowing of the skin or eyes, dark urine, black tarry stools, or
severe nausea and vomiting.Keep all appointments with your doctor and the laboratory. Your doctor will
order certain lab tests to check your response to dantrolene.
Dantrolene, a muscle relaxant, is used to treat spasticity or muscle spasms associated with spinal cord
injuries, stroke, multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, or other conditions.
information.
Dantrolene comes as a capsule to take by mouth. It usually is taken once a day at first and then
increased gradually to two to four times a day. Follow the directions on your prescription label
carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Take
dantrolene exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by
your doctor.
If you cannot swallow capsules, empty the contents into fruit juice and mix well just before taking the
dose.
Before taking dantrolene,
 tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to dantrolene or any other drugs.
taking, especially diazepam (Valium); estrogen; medications for seizures, allergies, colds, or
coughs; sedatives; sleeping pills; tranquilizers; and vitamins.
 tell your doctor if you have or have ever had liver, heart, rheumatic, or lung disease.
 tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding. If you
become pregnant while taking dantrolene, call your doctor immediately.
 you should know that this drug may make you drowsy. Do not drive a car or operate
machinery until you know how dantrolene affects you.
 remember that alcohol can add to the drowsiness caused by this drug.
 you should plan to avoid unnecessary or prolonged exposure to sunlight and to wear
protective clothing, sunglasses, and sunscreen. Dantrolene may make your skin sensitive to
sunlight.
the missed one.

Dantrolene may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go
away:
 muscle weakness
 drowsiness
 dizziness
 diarrhea
 fatigue
 difficulty swallowing
In addition to the symptoms mentioned in the IMPORTANT WARNING section, if you experience the
following symptom, call your doctor immediately:
 seizures
your medication.
Brand name(s):
 Dantrium®

Drug Information: Diclofenac

(dye kloe' fen ak)
IMPORTANT WARNING:
People who take nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) (other than aspirin) such as
diclofenac may have a higher risk of having a heart attack or a stroke than people who do not take
these medications. These events may happen without warning and may cause death. This risk may be
higher for people who take NSAIDs for a long time. Tell your doctor if you or anyone in your family has
or has ever had heart disease, a heart attack, or a stroke, if you smoke, and if you have or have ever
had high cholesterol, high blood pressure, or diabetes. Get emergency medical help right away if you
experience any of the following symptoms: chest pain, shortness of breath, weakness in one part or
side of the body, or slurred speech.If you will be undergoing a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG; a
type of heart surgery), you should not take diclofenac right before or right after the surgery.NSAIDs
such as diclofenac may cause ulcers, bleeding, or holes in the stomach or intestine. These problems
may develop at any time during treatment, may happen without warning symptoms, and may cause
death. The risk may be higher for people who take NSAIDs for a long time, are older in age, have poor
health, or drink large amounts of alcohol while taking diclofenac. Tell your doctor if you take any of the
following medications: anticoagulants ('blood thinners') such as warfarin (Coumadin); aspirin; other
NSAIDS such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn); or oral steroids such as
dexamethasone (Decadron, Dexone), methylprednisolone (Medrol), and prednisone (Deltasone). Also
tell your doctor if you have or have ever had ulcers, bleeding in your stomach or intestines, or other
bleeding disorders. If you experience any of the following symptoms, stop taking diclofenac and call
your doctor: stomach pain, heartburn, vomiting a substance that is bloody or looks like coffee grounds,
blood in the stool, or black and tarry stools.Keep all appointments with your doctor and the laboratory.
Your doctor will monitor your symptoms carefully and will probably order certain tests to check your
body's response to diclofenac. Be sure to tell your doctor how you are feeling so that your doctor can
prescribe the right amount of medication to treat your condition with the lowest risk of serious side
effects.Your doctor or pharmacist will give you the manufacturer's patient information sheet (Medication
Guide) when you begin treatment with diclofenac and each time you refill your prescription. Read the
information carefully and ask your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions. You can also visit the
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) website (http://www.fda.gov/cder) to obtain the Medication Guide.
Diclofenac is used to relieve pain, tenderness, swelling, and stiffness caused by osteoarthritis (arthritis
caused by a breakdown of the lining of the joints), rheumatoid arthritis (arthritis caused by swelling of
the lining of the joints), and ankylosing spondylitis (arthritis that mainly affects the spine). Diclofenac
immediate-release (short-acting) tablets are also used to treat painful menstrual periods and pain from
other causes. Diclofenac is in a class of medications called NSAIDs. It works by stopping the body's
production of a substance that causes pain, fever, and inflammation.
Diclofenac comes as an immediate-release tablet and an extended-release (long-acting) tablet to take

by mouth. Diclofenac immediate-release tablets are usually taken two to four times a day. Diclofenac
extended-release tablets are usually taken once a day, and in rare cases are taken twice a day. Take
diclofenac at around the same time(s) every day. Follow the directions on your prescription label
diclofenac exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by
your doctor.
Other uses for this medicine
Diclofenac is also used sometimes to treat pain caused by gout, painful shoulder and cancer. Talk to
your doctor about the possible risks of using this medication for your condition.
This medication may be prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.
Before taking diclofenac,

 tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to diclofenac (Cataflam, Voltaren XR, in
Arthrotec), aspirin or other NSAIDs such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve,
Naprosyn), any other medications, or any of the inactive ingredients in diclofenac tablets or
extended release tablets. Ask your pharmacist for a list of the inactive ingredients.
 tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription medications, vitamins,
nutritional supplements, and herbal products you are taking or plan to take. Be sure to
mention the medications listed in the IMPORTANT WARNING section and any of the
following: angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors such as benazepril (Lotensin),
captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), fosinopril (Monopril), lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril),
moexipril (Univasc), perindopril (Aceon), quinapril (Accupril), ramipril (Altace), and trandolapril
(Mavik); cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune); digoxin (Lanoxin); diuretics ('water pills'); insulin
and oral medication for diabetes;lithium (Eskalith, Lithobid); and methotrexate (Rheumatrex).
Your doctor may need to change the doses of your medications or monitor you carefully for
side effects.
 tell your doctor if you have or have ever had any of the conditions mentioned in the
IMPORTANT WARNING section or asthma, especially if you also have frequent stuffed or
runny nose or nasal polyps (swelling of the lining of the nose); lupus (a condition in which the
body attacks many of its own tissues and organs, often including the skin, joints, blood, and
kidneys); porphyria (an abnormal increase in the amount of certain natural substances made
by the liver); liver, or kidney disease; or swelling of the hands, feet, ankles, or lower legs .
 tell your doctor if you are pregnant, especially if you are in the last few months of your
pregnancy, you plan to become pregnant, or you are breast-feeding. If you become pregnant
while taking diclofenac, call your doctor.
 if you are having surgery, including dental surgery, tell the doctor or dentist that you are taking
diclofenac.
What special dietary instructions should I follow?
Unless your doctor tells you otherwise, continue your normal diet.
a missed one.
Diclofenac may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go
away:
 diarrhea
 constipation
 gas or bloating
 headache
 dizziness
 ringing in the ears
Some side effects can be serious. If you experience any of the following symptoms or those
mentioned in the IMPORTANT WARNING section, call your doctor immediately. Do not take any more
diclofenac until you speak to your doctor.
 unexplained weight gain

 excessive tiredness
 lack of energy
 upset stomach
 loss of appetite
 itching
 pain in the upper right part of the stomach
 flu-like symptoms
 fever
 blisters
 rash
 hives
 swelling of the eyes, face, tongue, lips, throat, arms, hands, feet, ankles, or lower legs
 difficulty breathing or swallowing
 hoarseness
 pale skin
 fast heartbeat
 cloudy, discolored, or bloody urine
 back pain
 difficult or painful urination
Diclofenac may cause other side effects. Call your doctor if you have any unusual problems while
taking this medication.
your medication.
Symptoms of overdose may include:
 upset stomach
 vomiting
 stomach pain
 bloody, black, or tarry stools
 vomiting a substance that is bloody or looks like coffee grounds
 drowsiness
 slow, shallow, or irregular breathing
 loss of consciousness
Brand name(s):
 Cataflam®  Voltaren®-XR

Drug Information: Dipyridamole

(dye peer id' a mole)
Dipyridamole is used with other drugs to reduce the risk of blood clots after heart valve replacement. It
works by preventing excessive blood clotting.
information.
Dipyridamole comes as a tablet to take by mouth. It usually is taken four times a day. Follow the
directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part
you do not understand. Take dipyridamole exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it
more often than prescribed by your doctor.
Continue to take dipyridamole even if you feel well. Do not stop taking dipyridamole without talking to
your doctor.
Dipyridamole is also used with aspirin to reduce the risk of death after a heart attack and to prevent
another heart attack. Talk to your doctor about the possible risks of using this drug for your condition.
Before taking dipyridamole,
 tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to dipyridamole or any other drugs.
taking, especially aspirin and vitamins.
 tell your doctor if you have or have ever had low blood pressure.
become pregnant while taking dipyridamole, call your doctor.
dipyridamole.
a missed one.
Dipyridamole may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not
go away:
 dizziness
 stomach pain
 headache
 rash
 diarrhea
 vomiting
 flushing (feeling of warmth)
 itching
 unusual bleeding or bruising

 chest pain
your medication.
Keep all appointments with your doctor and the laboratory.
Brand name(s):
 Persantine®

Drug Information: Diltiazem

(dil tye' a zem)

Diltiazem is used to treat high blood pressure and to control chest pain (angina). Diltiazem is in a class
of medications called calcium-channel blockers. It works by relaxing the blood vessels so the heart
does not have to pump as hard. It also increases the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart.
Diltiazem comes as a tablet and an extended- or dual-release (long-acting) capsule to take by mouth.
The tablet is usually taken three or four times a day with or without food. The capsule is usually taken
one or two times a day. The extended-release capsule (Cardizem SR, Dilacor XR, Diltia XT) should be
taken on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal. The extended-release
capsule (Tiazac) may be taken with or without food. The dual-release capsule (Cardizem CD) may be
taken with food.
Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain
any part you do not understand. Take diltiazem exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or
take it more often than prescribed by your doctor.
Swallow the capsules whole; do not split, chew, or crush them.
Your doctor will probably start you on a low dose of diltiazem and gradually increase your dose.
If taken regularly, diltiazem controls chest pain, but it does not stop chest pain once it starts. Your
doctor may give you a different medication to take when you have chest pain.
Diltiazem controls high blood pressure and chest pain (angina) but does not cure them. It may take up
to 2 weeks before you feel the full benefit of diltiazem. Continue to take diltiazem even if you feel well.
Do not stop taking diltiazem without talking to your doctor.
Diltiazem is also used sometimes to treat Raynaud's syndrome. Talk to your doctor about the possible
risks of using this drug for your condition.
This medication may be prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.
Before taking diltiazem,
 tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to diltiazem or any other drugs.
taking, especially heart and blood pressure medications such as beta-blockers, digoxin
(Lanoxin), quinidine (Quinaglute, Quinidex), and diuretics (water pills); carbamazepine
(Tegretol); cimetidine (Tagamet); cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune); fentanyl (Duragesic);
medications to treat depression; medications to treat glaucoma (increased pressure in the
eye); theophylline; and vitamins.
 tell your doctor if you have or have ever had heart, liver, or kidney disease.
become pregnant while taking diltiazem, call your doctor.
 if you are having surgery, including dental surgery, tell your doctor or dentist that you are
taking diltiazem.
Talk to your doctor before using salt substitutes containing potassium. If your doctor prescribes a low-
salt or low-sodium diet, follow these directions carefully.
a missed one.
Diltiazem may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go
away:
 dizziness or lightheadedness
 flushing (feeling of warmth)
 headache
 slower heartbeat
 upset stomach
 vomiting
 diarrhea
 constipation
 stomach pain
 dry mouth
 difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep
 swelling of the face, eyes, lips, tongue, arms, or legs

 fainting
 rash
 fever
 increase in frequency or severity of chest pain (angina)
your medication.
Keep all appointments with your doctor and the laboratory. Your blood pressure should be checked
regularly to determine your response to diltiazem.
Your doctor may ask you to check your pulse (heart rate) daily and will tell you how fast it should be. If
your pulse is slower than it should be, call your doctor for directions on taking diltiazem that day. Ask
your doctor or pharmacist to teach you how to check your pulse.
The extended-release capsule does not dissolve in the stomach after swallowing. It slowly releases
the medicine as it passes through your small intestines. It is not unusual to see the capsule shell in
your stool.
Brand name(s):
 Cardizem®  Cartia XT®  Tiazac®

 Cardizem® CD  Dilacor XR®
 Cardizem® SR  Diltia XT®

Drug Information: Diazepam

(dye az' e pam)

Diazepam is used to relieve anxiety, muscle spasms, and seizures and to control agitation caused by
alcohol withdrawal.
Diazepam comes as a tablet, extended-release (long-acting) capsule, and concentrate (liquid) to take
by mouth. Do not open, chew, or crush the extended-release capsules; swallow them whole. It usually
is taken one to four times a day and may be taken with or without food. Follow the directions on your
prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not
understand. Take diazepam exactly as directed.
Diazepam concentrate (liquid) comes with a specially marked dropper for measuring the dose. Ask
your pharmacist to show you how to use the dropper. Dilute the concentrate in water, juice, or
carbonated beverages just before taking it. It also may be mixed with applesauce or pudding just
before taking the dose.
Diazepam can be habit-forming. Do not take a larger dose, take it more often, or for a longer time than
your doctor tells you to. Tolerance may develop with long-term or excessive use, making the drug less
effective. This medication must be taken regularly to be effective. Do not skip doses even if you feel
that you do not need them. Do not take diazepam for more than 4 months or stop taking this
medication without talking to your doctor. Stopping the drug suddenly can worsen your condition and
cause withdrawal symptoms (anxiousness, sleeplessness, and irritability). Your doctor probably will
decrease your dose gradually.
Diazepam is also used to treat irritable bowel syndrome and panic attacks. Talk to your doctor about
the possible risks of using this drug for your condition.
information.
Before taking diazepam,
 tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to diazepam, alprazolam (Xanax),
chlordiazepoxide (Librium, Librax), clonazepam (Klonopin), clorazepate (Tranxene), estazolam
(ProSom), flurazepam (Dalmane), lorazepam (Ativan), oxazepam (Serax), prazepam
(Centrax), temazepam (Restoril), triazolam (Halcion), or any other drugs.
taking, especially antihistamines; cimetadine (Tagamet); digoxin (Lanoxin); disulfiram
(Antabuse); fluoxetine (Prozac); isoniazide (INH, Laniazid, Nydrazid); ketoconazole (Nizoral);
levodopa (Larodopa, Sinemet); medications for depression, seizures, pain, Parkinson's
disease, asthma, colds, or allergies; metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL); muscle relaxants; oral
contraceptives; probenecid (Benemid); propoxyphene (Darvon); propranolol (Inderal);
ranitidine (Zantac); rifampin (Rifadin); sedatives; sleeping pills; theophylline (Theo-Dur);
tranquilizers; valproic acid (Depakene); and vitamins. These medications may add to the
drowsiness caused by diazepam.
 if you use antacids, take diazepam first, then wait 1 hour before taking the antacid.
 tell your doctor if you have or have ever had glaucoma; seizures; or lung, heart, or liver
disease.
become pregnant while taking diazepam, call your doctor immediately.
diazepam.
machinery until you know how this drug affects you.
 tell your doctor if you use tobacco products. Cigarette smoking may decrease the
effectiveness of this drug.
If you take several doses per day and miss a dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular
dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Side effects from diazepam are common and include:
 drowsiness
 dizziness
 tiredness
 weakness
 dry mouth
 diarrhea
 upset stomach
 changes in appetite
Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away:
 restlessness or excitement
 constipation
 difficulty urinating
 frequent urination
 blurred vision
 changes in sex drive or ability
 seizures
 shuffling walk
 persistent, fine tremor or inability to sit still
 fever
 severe skin rash
 irregular heartbeat
your medication.
Keep all appointments with your doctor and the laboratory. Your doctor will order certain lab tests to
check your response to diazepam.
Diazepam can cause false results in urine tests for sugar using Clinistix and Diastix. Diabetic patients
should useTesTape to test their urine for sugar.
If you are taking diazepam to control seizures and have an increase in their frequency or severity, call
your doctor. Your dose may need to be adjusted. If you use diazepam for seizures, carry identification
(Medic Alert) stating that you have epilepsy and that you are taking diazepam.
Brand name(s):
 Diazepam Intensol®  Valium®

Drug Information: Desipramine

(des ip' ra meen)
IMPORTANT WARNING:
A small number of children, teenagers, and young adults (up to 24 years of age) who took
antidepressants ('mood elevators') such as desipramine during clinical studies became suicidal
(thinking about harming or killing oneself or planning or trying to do so). Children, teenagers, and young
adults who take antidepressants to treat depression or other mental illnesses may be more likely to
become suicidal than children, teenagers, and young adults who do not take antidepressants to treat
these conditions. However, experts are not sure about how great this risk is and how much it should be
considered in deciding whether a child or teenager should take an antidepressant. Children younger
than 18 years of age should not normally take desipramine, but in some cases, a doctor may decide
that desipramine is the best medication to treat a child's condition.You should know that your mental
health may change in unexpected ways when you take desipramine or other antidepressants even if
you are an adult over age 24. You may become suicidal, especially at the beginning of your treatment
and any time that your dose is increased or decreased. You, your family, or your caregiver should call
your doctor right away if you experience any of the following symptoms: new or worsening depression;
thinking about harming or killing yourself, or planning or trying to do so; extreme worry; agitation; panic
attacks; difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep; aggressive behavior; irritability; acting without
thinking; severe restlessness; and frenzied abnormal excitement. Be sure that your family or caregiver
knows which symptoms may be serious so they can call the doctor when you are unable to seek
treatment on your own.Your healthcare provider will want to see you often while you are taking
desipramine, especially at the beginning of your treatment. Be sure to keep all appointments for office
visits with your doctor.The doctor or pharmacist will give you the manufacturer's patient information
sheet (Medication Guide) when you begin treatment with desipramine. Read the information carefully
and ask your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions. You also can obtain the Medication Guide
from the FDA website: http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/antidepressants/antidepressants_MG_2007.pdf.No
matter your age, before you take an antidepressant, you, your parent, or your caregiver should talk to
your doctor about the risks and benefits of treating your condition with an antidepressant or with other
treatments. You should also talk about the risks and benefits of not treating your condition. You should
know that having depression or another mental illness greatly increases the risk that you will become
suicidal. This risk is higher if you or anyone in your family has or has ever had bipolar disorder (mood
that changes from depressed to abnormally excited) or mania (frenzied, abnormally excited mood) or
has thought about or attempted suicide. Talk to your doctor about your condition, symptoms, and
personal and family medical history. You and your doctor will decide what type of treatment is right for
you.
Desipramine is used to treat depression. Desipramine is in a class of medications called tricyclic

antidepressants. It works by increasing the amounts of certain natural substances in the brain that are
needed for mental balance.
Desipramine comes as a tablet to take by mouth. It is usually taken one or more times a day and may
be taken with or without food. Take desipramine at around the same time(s) every day. Follow the
directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part
you do not understand. Take desipramine exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it
more often than prescribed by your doctor.
Your doctor may start you on a low dose of desipramine and gradually increase your dose.
It may take 2-3 weeks for you to feel the full benefit of desipramine. Continue to take desipramine
even if you feel well. Do not stop taking desipramine without talking to your doctor. If you suddenly
stop taking desipramine, you may experience withdrawal symptoms such as nausea,, headache, and
weakness. Your doctor will probably want to decrease your dose gradually.
information.
Before taking desipramine,

 tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to desipramine, clomipramine (Anafranil),
imipramine (Tofranil), trimipramine (Surmontil), any other medications, or any of the
ingredients in desipramine tablets. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for a list of the ingredients.
 tell your doctor if you are taking a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor such as isocarboxazid
(Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar), and tranylcypromine
(Parnate), or if you have stopped taking an MAO inhibitor within the past 14 days. Your doctor
will probably tell you not to take desipramine. If you stop taking desipramine, you should wait
at least 14 days before you start to take an MAO inhibitor.
herbal products and nutritional supplements you are taking or plan to take. Be sure to mention
any of the following: anticoagulants (blood thinners) such as warfarin (Coumadin);
antihistamines; cimetidine (Tagamet); estrogens; flecainide (Tambocor); fluoxetine (Prozac);
guanethedine (Ismelin); levodopa (Sinemet, Larodopa); lithium (Eskalith, Lithobid); medication
for high blood pressure, seizures, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, mental illness, nausea,
asthma, colds, or allergies; methylphenidate (Ritalin); muscle relaxants; oral contraceptives;
phenobarbital; propafenone (Rythmol); quinidine; sedatives; selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitors (SSRIs) such as citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro), fluoxetine (Prozac,
Sarafem), fluvoxamine (Luvox), paroxetine (Paxil), and sertraline (Zoloft); sleeping pills;
thyroid medications; and tranquilizers. Your doctor may need to change the doses of your
medications or monitor you carefully for side effects. Your doctor may tell you not to take
desipramine if you have stopped taking fluoxetine during the past 5 weeks.
 tell your doctor if you have recently had a heart attack. Your doctor may tell you that you
should not take desipramine.
 tell your doctor if you have or have ever had glaucoma, an enlarged prostate (a male
reproductive gland), difficulty urinating, diabetes, seizures, an overactive thyroid gland,
schizophrenia (a mental illness that causes disturbed or unusual thinking, loss of interest in
life, and strong or inappropriate emotions), or liver, kidney, or heart disease.
become pregnant while taking desipramine, call your doctor.
desipramine.
 you should know that this medication may make you drowsy. Do not drive a car or operate
machinery until you know how this medication affects you.
 ask your doctor about the safe use of alcohol while you are taking this medication.
 tell your doctor if you use tobacco products. Cigarette smoking may decrease the
effectiveness of this medication.
a missed one.
Desipramine may cause side effects. Call your doctor if any of these symptoms become severe or do
not go away:
 nausea
 drowsiness
 weakness or tiredness
 nightmares
 dry mouth
 skin more sensitive to sunlight than usual
 changes in appetite or weight
 constipation
 difficulty urinating
 frequent urination
 blurred vision
 changes in sex drive or ability
 excessive sweating
Some side effects can be serious. If you experience any of the following symptoms, or those listed in
the IMPORTANT WARNING section, call your doctor immediately:
 jaw, neck, and back muscle spasms

 slow or difficult speech
 shuffling walk
 uncontrollable shaking or movement of a part of the body
 fever
 severe rash
 sore throat, fever, and other signs of infection
Keep this medication in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of the reach of children. Store it
at room temperature and away from excess heat and moisture (not in the bathroom). Throw away any
your medication.
Symptoms of overdose may include
 seizures
 coma (loss of consciousness for a period of time)
 confusion
 hallucination (seeing things that do not exist)
 widened pupils (dark circles in the middle of the eyes)
 drowsiness
 agitation
 fever
 low body temperature
 stiff muscles
 vomiting
Keep all appointments with your doctor.

Do not allow anyone else to take your medication. Ask your pharmacist any questions you have about
Brand name(s):
 Norpramin®

Drug Information: Disulfiram

(dye sul' fi ram)
IMPORTANT WARNING:
Never give disulfiram to a patient in a state of alcohol intoxication or without the patient's full knowledge.
The patient should not take disulfiram for at least 12 hours after drinking. A reaction may occur for up to
2 weeks after disulfiram has been stopped.
Disulfiram is used to treat chronic alcoholism. It causes unpleasant effects when even small amounts
of alcohol are consumed. These effects include flushing of the face, headache, nausea, vomiting,
chest pain, weakness, blurred vision, mental confusion, sweating, choking, breathing difficulty, and
anxiety. These effects begin about 10 minutes after alcohol enters the body and last for 1 hour or
more. Disulfiram is not a cure for alcoholism, but discourages drinking.
information.
Disulfiram comes in tablets to take by mouth. It should be taken once a day. Follow the directions on
your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not
understand. Take disulfiram exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often
than prescribed by your doctor.
If you cannot swallow the tablets, crush them and mix the medication with water, coffee, tea, milk, soft
drink, or fruit juice.
Before taking disulfiram,
 tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to disulfiram or any other drugs.
taking, especially amitriptyline (Elavil), anticoagulants ('blood thinners') such as warfarin
(Coumadin), isoniazid, metronidazole (Flagyl), phenytoin (Dilantin), any nonprescription drugs
that might contain alcohol, and vitamins.
 tell your doctor if you have or have ever had diabetes, thyroid disease, epilepsy, brain
damage, or kidney or liver disease.
become pregnant while taking disulfiram, call your doctor.
disulfiram.
Do not drink any alcoholic beverages (including wine, beer, and medications that contain alcohol such
as cough syrup) while taking disulfiram, during the 12-hour period before you take your first dose, and
for several weeks after stopping the drug.
Avoid sauces, vinegars, and all foods and beverages containing alcohol.
a missed one.
Disulfiram may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go
away:
 skin rash
 acne
 mild headache
 drowsiness
 tiredness
 impotence
 metallic taste or garlic-like taste in the mouth
 weakness
 lack of energy
 loss of appetitie
 upset stomach
 vomiting
 yellowness of the skin or eyes
 dark urine
your medication.
check your response to disulfiram.
Always carry an identification card stating that you are taking disulfiram and indicating the doctor or
institution to be contacted in an emergency. If you need an identification card, ask your pharmacist or
doctor how to get one.
Do not come in contact with or breathe the fumes of paint, paint thinner, varnish, shellac, and other
products containing alcohol. Exercise caution when applying alcohol-containing products (e.g.,
aftershave lotions, colognes, and rubbing alcohol) to your skin. These products, in combination with
disulfiram, may cause headache, nausea, local redness, or itching. Before using an alcohol-containing
product, test it by applying some to a small area of your skin for 1-2 hours. If no redness, itching, or
unwanted effects occur, you can use the product safely.
Brand name(s):
 Antabuse®
Drug Information: Dexamethasone Ophthalmic

(dex a meth' a sone)

Dexamethasone reduces the irritation, redness, burning, and swelling of eye inflammation caused by
chemicals, heat, radiation, infection, allergy, or foreign bodies in the eye. It is sometimes used after
eye surgery.
Dexamethasone comes as eyedrops and eye ointment. Follow the directions on your prescription label
carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Use
dexamethasone exactly as directed. Do not use more or less of it or use it more often than prescribed
by your doctor.
If you are using the suspension form of dexamethasone eyedrops (Maxidex), shake the bottle well
before each dose. It is not necessary to shake dexamethasone eyedrop solution.
To use the eyedrops, follow these instructions:
 Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water.

 Use a mirror or have someone else put the drops in your eye.
 If using dexamethasone suspension eyedrops, shake the bottle well for 10 seconds.
 Remove the protective cap. Avoid touching the dropper tip against your eye or anything else.
 Make sure that the end of the dropper is not chipped or cracked.
 Hold the dropper tip down at all times to prevent drops from flowing back into the bottle and
contaminating the remaining contents.
 Lie down or tilt your head back.
 Holding the bottle between your thumb and index finger, place the dropper tip as near as
possible to your eyelid without touching it.
 Brace the remaining fingers of that hand against your cheek or nose.
 With the index finger of your other hand, pull the lower lid of the eye down to form a pocket.
 Drop the prescribed number of drops into the pocket made by the lower lid andthe eye.
Placing drops on the surface of the eyeball can cause stinging.
 Close your eye and press lightly against the lower lid with your finger for 2-3 minutes to keep
the medication in the eye. Do not blink.
 Replace and tighten the cap right away. Do not wipe or rinse it off.
 Wipe off any excess liquid from your cheek with a clean tissue. Wash your hands again.
To use the eye ointment, follow these instructions:
 Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water.

 Use a mirror or have someone else apply the ointment.
 Avoid touching the tip of the tube against your eye or anything else. The ointment must be
kept clean.
 Tilt your head forward slightly.
 Holding the tube between your thumb and index finger, place the tube as near as possible to
your eyelid without touching it.
 Brace the remaining fingers of that hand against your cheek or nose.
 With the index finger of your other hand, pull the lower lid of your eye down to form a pocket.
 Place a small amount of ointment into the pocket made by the lower lid and the eye. A 1/2-inch
strip of ointment usually is enough unless otherwise directed by your doctor.
 Gently close your eyes and keep them closed for 1-2 minutes to allow the medication to be
absorbed.
 Replace and tighten the cap right away.
 Wipe off any excess ointment from your eyelids and lashes with a clean tissue. Wash your
hands again.
Dexamethasone eye drops may be used to reduce redness, burning, and swelling or inflammation in
the ear. Talk to your doctor about the possible risks of using this drug for your condition.
information.
Before using dexamethasone eyedrops or eye ointment,
 tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to dexamethasone, sulfites, or any other
drugs.
taking, including vitamins.
 tell your doctor if you have or have ever had glaucoma or diabetes.
become pregnant while using dexamethasone, call your doctor immediately. Talk to your
doctor about stopping to breast-feed if you use dexamethasone eye drops.
 tell your doctor if you wear soft contact lenses. If the brand of dexamethasone you are using
contains benzalkonium chloride, wait at least 15 minutes after using the medicine to put in soft
contact lenses.
Apply the missed drops or ointment as soon as you remember it. However, if it is almost time for the
next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not apply a double
dose to make up for a missed one.
Dexamethasone may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do
not go away:
 changes in vision, such as blurring and seeing halos around lights

 pressure and pain in the eye
 drooping of the eyelid
your medication.
Keep all appointments with your doctor.
Do not let anyone else use your medication. Ask your pharmacist any questions you have about
If you still have symptoms of eye irritation after you finish the dexamethasone, call your doctor.
Brand name(s):
 AK-Trol®  Maxidex®  Ocu-Trol®
 Dexasporin®  Maxitrol®  TobraDex®

Drug Information: Dexamethasone Oral

(dex a meth' a sone)
Dexamethasone, a corticosteroid, is similar to a natural hormone produced by your adrenal glands. It

often is used to replace this chemical when your body does not make enough of it. It relieves
inflammation (swelling, heat, redness, and pain) and is used to treat certain forms of arthritis; skin,
blood, kidney, eye, thyroid, and intestinal disorders (e.g., colitis); severe allergies; and asthma.
Dexamethasone is also used to treat certain types of cancer.
information.
Dexamethasone comes as a tablet and a solution to take by mouth. Your doctor will prescribe a dosing
schedule that is best for you. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your
doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Take dexamethasone exactly as
directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by your doctor.
Do not stop taking dexamethasone without talking to your doctor. Stopping the drug abruptly can
cause loss of appetite, upset stomach, vomiting, drowsiness, confusion, headache, fever, joint and
muscle pain, peeling skin, and weight loss. If you take large doses for a long time, your doctor
probably will decrease your dose gradually to allow your body to adjust before stopping the drug
completely. Watch for these side effects if you are gradually decreasing your dose and after you stop
taking the tablets or oral liquid, even if you switch to an inhalation corticosteroid medication. If these
problems occur, call your doctor immediately. You may need to increase your dose of tablets or liquid
temporarily or start taking them again.
Before taking dexamethasone,
 tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to dexamethasone, aspirin, tartrazine (a
yellow dye in some processed foods and drugs), or any other drugs.
taking especially anticoagulants ('blood thinners') such as warfarin (Coumadin), arthritis
medications, aspirin, cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune), digoxin (Lanoxin), diuretics ('water
pills'), ephedrine, estrogen (Premarin), ketoconazole (Nizoral), oral contraceptives,
phenobarbital, phenytoin (Dilantin), rifampin (Rifadin), theophylline (Theo-Dur), and vitamins.
 if you have a fungal infection (other than on your skin), do not take dexamethasone without
talking to your doctor.
 tell your doctor if you have or have ever had liver, kidney, intestinal, or heart disease; diabetes;
an underactive thyroid gland; high blood pressure; mental illness; myasthenia gravis;
osteoporosis; herpes eye infection; seizures; tuberculosis (TB); or ulcers.
become pregnant while taking dexamethasone, call your doctor.
dexamethasone.
 if you have a history of ulcers or take large doses of aspirin or other arthritis medication, limit
your consumption of alcoholic beverages while taking this drug. Dexamethasone makes your
stomach and intestines more susceptible to the irritating effects of alcohol, aspirin, and certain
arthritis medications: this effect increases your risk of ulcers.
Your doctor may instruct you to follow a low-sodium, low-salt, potassium-rich, or high-protein diet.
Follow these directions.
Dexamethasone may cause an upset stomach. Take dexamethasone with food or milk.

When you start to take dexamethasone, ask your doctor what to do if you forget a dose. Write down
these instructions so that you can refer to them later.
If you take dexamethasone once a day, take the missed dose as soon as you remember it. However, if
it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule.
Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Dexamethasone may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do
not go away:
 upset stomach
 stomach irritation
 vomiting
 headache
 dizziness
 insomnia
 restlessness
 depression
 anxiety
 acne
 increased hair growth
 easy bruising
 irregular or absent menstrual periods
 skin rash
 swollen face, lower legs, or ankles
 vision problems
 cold or infection that lasts a long time
 muscle weakness
 black or tarry stool
your medication.
check your response to dexamethasone. Checkups are especially important for children because
dexamethasone can slow bone growth.
If your condition worsens, call your doctor. Your dose may need to be adjusted.
Carry an identification card that indicates that you may need to take supplementary doses (write down
the full dose you took before gradually decreasing it) of dexamethasone during periods of stress
(injuries, infections, and severe asthma attacks). Ask your pharmacist or doctor how to obtain this
card. List your name, medical problems, drugs and dosages, and doctor's name and telephone
number on the card.
This drug makes you more susceptible to illnesses. If you are exposed to chicken pox, measles, or
tuberculosis (TB) while taking dexamethasone, call your doctor. Do not have a vaccination, other
immunization, or any skin test while you are taking dexamethasone unless your doctor tells you that
you may.
Report any injuries or signs of infection (fever, sore throat, pain during urination, and muscle aches)
that occur during treatment.
Your doctor may instruct you to weigh yourself every day. Report any unusual weight gain.
If your sputum (the matter you cough up during an asthma attack) thickens or changes color from clear
white to yellow, green, or gray, call your doctor; these changes may be signs of an infection.
If you have diabetes, dexamethasone may increase your blood sugar level. If you monitor your blood
sugar (glucose) at home, test your blood or urine more frequently than usual. Call your doctor if your
blood sugar is high or if sugar is present in your urine; your dose of diabetes medication and your diet
may need to be changed.
Brand name(s):
 Decadron®  Dexamethasone  Dexpak® Taperpak®

Intensol®

Drug Information: Digoxin Oral

(di jox' in)
Digoxin is used to treat heart failure and abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias). It helps the heart work
better and it helps control your heart rate.
information.
Digoxin comes as a tablet, capsule, or pediatric elixir (liquid) to take by mouth. Digoxin is usually taken
once a day. The pediatric elixir comes with a specially marked dropper for measuring the dose. If you
have difficulty, ask your pharmacist to show you how to use it. It is important that you always take the
same brand of digoxin. Different brands of digoxin have different amounts of active drug and your
dose would need to be changed.
Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain
any part you do not understand. Take digoxin exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take
it more often than prescribed by your doctor.
Digoxin helps control your condition but will not cure it. Continue to take digoxin even if you feel well.
Do not stop taking digoxin without talking to your doctor.
Digoxin is also used to treat heart pain (angina) and may be used after a heart attack. Talk to your
doctor about the possible risks of using this drug for your condition.
Before taking digoxin,
 tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to digoxin, digitoxin, or any other drugs.
taking, especially antacids, antibiotics, calcium, corticosteroids, diuretics ('water pills'), other
medications for heart disease, thyroid medications, and vitamins.
 tell your doctor if you have or have ever had thyroid problems, heart arrhythmias, cancer, or
kidney disease.
become pregnant while taking digoxin, call your doctor.
digoxin.
Your doctor may recommend a low-sodium (low-salt) diet and a potassium supplement. Ask your
pharmacist or doctor for a list of foods that are low in sodium and high in potassium. Follow all diet
directions carefully.
a missed one.

Digoxin may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go
away:
 dizziness or lightheadedness
 drowsiness
 vision changes (blurred or yellow)
 rash
 upset stomach
 vomiting
 diarrhea
 swelling of the feet or hands
 unusual weight gain
 difficulty breathing
your medication.
Keep all appointments with your doctor and the laboratory. Your doctor will need to determine your
response to digoxin. You may have electrocardiograms (EKGs) and blood tests periodically, and your
dose may need to be adjusted. Your doctor may ask you to check your pulse (heart rate). Ask your
pharmacist or doctor to teach you how to take your pulse. If your pulse is faster or slower than it
should be, call your doctor.
Brand name(s):
 Digitek®  Lanoxin®
 Lanoxicaps®  Lanoxin® Elixir Pediatric

Drug Information: Diphenhydramine

(dye fen hye' dra meen)
Diphenhydramine is used to relieve red, irritated, itchy, watery eyes; sneezing; and runny nose caused
by hay fever, allergies, or the common cold. Diphenhydramine is also used to relieve cough caused by
minor throat or airway irritation. Diphenhydramine is also used to prevent and treat motion sickness,
and to treat insomnia (difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep). Diphenhydramine is also used to
control abnormal movements in people who have early stage parkinsonian syndrome (a disorder of
the nervous system that causes difficulties with movement, muscle control, and balance) or who are
experiencing movement problems as a side effect of a medication. Diphenhydramine will only relieve
the symptoms of these conditions but will not treat the cause of the symptoms or speed recovery.
Diphenhydramine is used to treat these conditions in adults and children over age 2. Diphenhydramine
should not be given to children younger than 2 years old because it may cause serious or life-
threatening side effects in young children. Diphenhydramine should not be given to children older than
2 years old but younger than 6 years old unless prescribed by a doctor and should be used carefully in
children who are 6-11 years old. Diphenhydramine should not be used to cause sleepiness in children
younger than 12 years of age. Diphenhydramine is in a class of medications called antihistamines. It
works by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms.
Diphenhydramine comes as a tablet, a chewable tablet, a rapidly disintegrating (dissolving) tablet, a

capsule, a liquid-filled capsule, a dissolving strip, and a liquid to take by mouth. When
diphenhydramine is used for the relief of allergies, cold, and cough symptoms, it is usually taken very
4-6 hours. When diphenhydramine is used to treat motion sickness, it is usually taken 30 minutes
before departure and, if needed, before meals and at bedtime. When diphenhydramine is used to treat
insomnia it is taken at bedtime (30 minutes before planned sleep). When diphenhydramine is used to
treat abnormal movements, it is usually taken three times a day at first and then taken four times a
day. Follow the directions on the package or on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor
or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Take diphenhydramine exactly as directed.
Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by your doctor or directed on the
label.
Diphenhydramine comes alone and in combination with pain relievers, fever reducers,and
decongestants. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice on which product is best for your symptoms.
Check nonprescription cough and cold product labels carefully before using two or more products at
the same time. These products may contain the same active ingredient(s) and taking them together
could cause you to receive an overdose. This is especially important if you will be giving cough and
cold medications to a child.
If you are taking the dissolving strips, place the strips on your tongue one at a time and swallow after
they melt.
If you are taking the rapidly dissolving tablets, place a tablet on your tongue and close your mouth.
The tablet will quickly dissolve and can be swallowed with or without water.
If you are taking the chewable tablets, chew them thoroughly before swallowing.
If you are taking the capsules, swallow them whole. Do not try to break the capsules.
If you are taking the liquid, do not use a household spoon to measure your dose. Use the measuring
spoon or cup that came with the medication or use a spoon made especially for measuring
medication.
information.
Before taking diphenhydramine,

 tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to diphenhydramine or any other
medications.
mention any of the following: other diphenhydramine products (even those that are used on
the skin), other medications for colds, hay fever, or allergies; medications for anxiety,
depression or seizures; muscle relaxants; narcotic medications for pain; sedatives; sleeping
pills; and tranquilizers.
 tell your doctor if you have or have ever had asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, or other
types of lung disease; glaucoma (a condition in which increased pressure in the eye can lead
to gradual loss of vision); ulcers; difficulty urinating (due to an enlarged prostate gland); heart
disease; high blood pressure; seizures; or an overactive thyroid gland.If you will be using the
liquid, tell your doctor if you have been told to follow a low-sodium diet.
become pregnant while taking diphenhydramine, call your doctor.
diphenhydramine.
 you should know that this medication may make you drowsy. Do not drive a car or operate
machinery until you know how this medication affects you.
 remember that alcohol can add to the drowsiness caused by this medication. Avoid alcoholic
beverages while you are taking this medication.
 if you have phenylketonuria (PKU, an inherited condition in which a special diet must be
followed to prevent mental retardation), you should know that some brands of chewable
tablets and rapidly disintegrating tablets that contain diphenhydramine may be sweetened with
aspartame, a source of phenylalanine.
Diphenhydramine is usually taken as needed. If your doctor has told you to take diphenhydramine
regularly, take the missed dose as soon as you remember it. However, if it is almost time for the next
dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to
make up for a missed one.
Diphenhydramine may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do
not go away:
 dry mouth, nose, and throat

 drowsiness
 dizziness
 nausea
 vomiting
 constipation
 increased chest congestion
 headache
 muscle weakness
 excitement (especially in children)
 nervousness
Some side effects may be serious. If you experience any of the following symptoms, call your doctor
immediately:
 vision problems
 difficulty urinating or painful urination
Diphenhydramine may cause other side effects. Call your doctor if you experience any unusual
problems while you are taking this medication.
your medication.
Ask your pharmacist any questions you have about diphenhydramine.
Brand name(s):
 AllerMax®  Diphen® AF Elixir  Hydramine® Elixir

 AllerMax® Caplets®  Diphenhist®  Miles® Nervine Nighttime
 Benadryl®  Diphenhist® Captabs® Sleep-Aid
 Benadryl® Allergy  Diphenhydramine  Nytol® QuickCaps®
 Benadryl® Allergy Hydrochloride Caplets® Caplets®
Chewables Children' s  Excedrin P.M.® Caplets®  Nytol® Quickgels®
 Benadryl® Allergy  Excedrin P.M.® Geltabs® Maximum Strength
Kapseals®  Excedrin P.M.® Tablets  Simply Sleep® Nighttime
 Benadryl® Allergy  Genahist® Sleep Aid Caplets®
Ultratab®  Genahist® Elixir  Sleepinal® Night-time
 Benadryl® Dye-Free  Goody's® PM Powder Sleep Aid Softgels®
Allergy Children' s  Sominex®
 Benadryl® Dye-Free Caplets®Maximum
 Hydramine® Cough
Allergy Liqui-Gels® Strength
Syrup
 Compoz® Nighttime  Sominex® Nighttime
Sleep Aid Sleep Aid
 Twilite® Caplets®
 Compoz® Nighttime
Sleep Aid Gelcaps®  Unisom® SleepGels®
Maximum Strength
Brand name(s) of combination products:
 Alka-Seltzer PM® Pain Reliever and Sleep  Percogesic® Aspirin-Free Caplets® Extra
Aid (containing Diphenhydramine Citrate Strength (containing Diphenhydramine
and Aspirin) Hydrochloride and Acetaminophen)
 Bayer® PM Extra Strength Caplets®  Sine-Off® Night Time Relief Sinus Cold &
(containing Diphenhydramine Flu Medicine GelCaplets® (containing
Hydrochloride and Aspirin) Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride,
 Benadryl® Allergy & Cold Caplets® Acetaminophen, and Pseudoephedrine
(containing Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride)
Hydrochloride, Acetaminophen, and  Sominex® Pain Relief Formula (containing
Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride) Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride and
 Benadryl® Allergy & Cold Fcontaining Acetaminophen)
Diphenhydramine Citrate and  Sudafed® Sinus Nighttime Plus Pain Relief
Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride) Caplets® (containing Diphenhydramine
 Benadryl® Allergy & Sinus (containing Hydrochloride, Acetaminophen, and
Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride and Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride)
Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride)  Tylenol® Allergy Sinus NightTime
 Benadryl® Allergy & Sinus Children's Maximum Strength Caplets® (containing
(containing Diphenhydramine Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride,
Hydrochloride and Pseudoephedrine Acetaminophen, and Pseudoephedrine
Hydrochloride) Hydrochloride)
 Benadryl® Allergy & Sinus Fcontaining  Tylenol® Allergy-D Children's containing
Diphenhydramine Citrate and Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride,
Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride) Acetaminophen, and Pseudoephedrine
 Benadryl® Allergy & Sinus Headache Hydrochloride
Caplets® Maximum Strength (containing  Tylenol® Flu NightTime Maximum Strength
Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride, Gelcaps® (containing Diphenhydramine
Acetaminophen, and Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride, Acetaminophen, and
Hydrochloride) Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride)
 Benadryl® Severe Allergy & Sinus  Tylenol® PM Extra Strength Caplets®
Headache Caplets® Maximum Strength (containing Diphenhydramine
(containing Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride and Acetaminophen)
Hydrochloride, Acetaminophen, and  Tylenol® PM Extra Strength Gelcaps®
Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride) (containing Diphenhydramine
 Doan's® P.M. Extra Strength Caplets® Hydrochloride and Acetaminophen)
(containing Diphenhydramine  Tylenol® PM Extra Strength Geltabs®
Hydrochloride and Magnesium Salicylate) (containing Diphenhydramine
Hydrochloride and Acetaminophen)
 Legatrin PM® Caplets® (containing
Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride and  Tylenol® Severe Allergy Caplets®
Acetaminophen) (containing Diphenhydramine
Hydrochloride and Acetaminophen)

Drug Information: Diflunisal

(dye floo' ni sal)
IMPORTANT WARNING:
People who take nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) (other than aspirin) such as
diflunisal may have a higher risk of having a heart attack or a stroke than people who do not take these
medications. These events may happen without warning and may cause death. This risk may be higher
for people who take NSAIDs for a long time. Tell your doctor if you or anyone in your family has or has
ever had heart disease, a heart attack, or a stroke, if you smoke, and if you have or have ever had high
cholesterol, high blood pressure, or diabetes. Get emergency medical help right away if you experience
any of the following symptoms: chest pain, shortness of breath, weakness in one part or side of the
body, or slurred speech.If you will be undergoing a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG; a type of heart
surgery), you should not take diflunisal right before or right after the surgery.NSAIDs such as diflunisal
may cause ulcers, bleeding, or holes in the stomach or intestine. These problems may develop at any
time during treatment, may happen without warning symptoms, and may cause death. The risk may be
higher for people who take NSAIDs for a long time, are older in age, have poor health, or drink large
amounts of alcohol while you are taking diflunisal. Tell your doctor if you take any of the following
medications: anticoagulants ('blood thinners') such as warfarin (Coumadin); aspirin; other NSAIDs such
as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn); or oral steroids such as dexamethasone
(Decadron, Dexone), methylprednisolone (Medrol), and prednisone (Deltasone). Also tell your doctor if
you have or have ever had ulcers, bleeding in your stomach or intestines, or other bleeding disorders. If
you experience any of the following symptoms, stop taking diflunisal and call your doctor: stomach pain,
heartburn, vomiting a substance that is bloody or looks like coffee grounds, blood in the stool, or black
and tarry stools.Keep all appointments with your doctor and the laboratory. Your doctor will monitor your
symptoms carefully and will probably order certain tests to check your body's response to diflunisal. Be
sure to tell your doctor how you are feeling so that your doctor can prescribe the right amount of
medication to treat your condition with the lowest risk of serious side effects.Your doctor or pharmacist
will give you the manufacturer's patient information sheet (Medication Guide) when you begin treatment
with diflunisal and each time you refill your prescription. Read the information carefully and ask your
doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions. You can also visit the Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) website (http://www.fda.gov/cder) or the manufacturer's website to obtain the Medication Guide.
Diflunisal is used to relieve pain, tenderness, swelling and stiffness caused by osteoarthritis (arthritis
caused by a breakdown of the lining of the joints) and rheumatoid arthritis (arthritis caused by swelling
of the lining of the joints). Diflunisal is also used to relieve mild to moderate pain from other causes.
Diflunisal is in a class of medications called NSAIDs. It works by stopping the body's production of a
substance that causes pain, fever, and inflammation.
Diflunisal comes as a tablet to take by mouth. It usually is taken with water, milk, or food every 8-12
hours Take diflunisal at around the same times every day. Follow the directions on your prescription
label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Take
diflunisal exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by
your doctor.
Swallow the tablets whole; do not split, chew, or crush them.
It may take several days or longer for you to feel the full benefit of diflunisal. Continue to take diflunisal
until your doctor tells you that you should stop taking the medication.
information.
Before taking diflunisal,
 tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to diflunisal, aspirin or other NSAIDs such as
ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn), or any other medications.
mention the medications listed in the IMPORTANT WARNING section and any of the
following: acetaminophen (Tylenol); angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors such as
benazepril (Lotensin), captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), fosinopril (Monopril), lisinopril
(Prinivil, Zestril), moexipril (Univasc), perindopril (Aceon), quinapril (Accupril), ramipril (Altace),
and trandolapril (Mavik); angiotensin II receptor antagonists such as candesartan (Atacand),
eprosartan (Teveten), irbesartan (Avapro), losartan (Cozaar), olmesartan (Benicar),
telmisartan (Micardis), and valsartan (Diovan); antacids; cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune);
diuretics ('water pills'); indomethacin (Indocin); lithium (Eskalith, Lithobid); methotrexate
(Rheumatrex); and sulindac (Clinoril). Your doctor may need to change the dose of your
medications or monitor you carefully for side effects.
 tell your doctor if you have or have ever had any of the conditions mentioned in the
IMPORTANT WARNING section or asthma, especially if you also have frequent stuffed or
runny nose or nasal polyps (swelling of the lining of the nose); swelling of the hands, feet,
ankles, or lower legs ; or liver or kidney disease.
 tell your doctor if you are pregnant, especially if you are in the last few months of your
pregnancy, you plan to become pregnant, or you are breast-feeding. If you become pregnant
while taking diflunisal, call your doctor.
diflunisal.
 call your doctor if you think you may have a virus, such as chicken pox or the flu. Do not take
diflunisal if you have a virus, and do not give diflunisal to a child who has a virus.
a missed one.
Diflunisal may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go
away:
 vomiting
 diarrhea
 constipation
 gas
 headache
 dizziness
 problems with vision
Some side effects can be serious. If you experience any of the following symptoms or those
mentioned in the IMPORTANT WARNING section, call your doctor immediately. Do not take any more
diflunisal until you speak to your doctor.
 upset stomach
 unusual bleeding or bruising
 itching
 lack of energy
 pain in the upper right part of the stomach
 flu-like symptoms
 rash
 blisters
 fever or chills
 pale skin
 fast heartbeat
 easy bruising or bleeding
 muscle or joint pain
 unexplained weight gain
 back pain
 cloudy, discolored, or bloody urine
 difficult or painful urination
 frequent urination, especially at night
 swelling of the face, throat, tongue, lips, eyes, hands, feet, ankles, or lower legs
 hoarseness
 difficulty swallowing or breathing
Diflunisal may cause other side effects. Call your doctor if you have any unusual problems while taking
this medication.
your medication.
Symptoms of overdose may include:
 drowsiness
 vomiting
 upset stomach
 diarrhea
 decreased urination
 fast breathing
 fast heartbeat
 sweating
 confusion
 coma (loss of consciousness for a period of time)
Before having any laboratory test, tell your doctor and the laboratory personnel that you are taking
diflunisal.
Brand name(s):
 Dolobid®

Drug Information: Dicloxacillin
(dye klox a sill' in)

Dicloxacillin is a penicillin-like antibiotic used to treat certain infections caused by bacteria such as
pneumonia and bone, ear, skin, and urinary tract infections. Antibiotics will not work for colds, flu, or
other viral infections.
information.
Dicloxacillin comes as a capsule and liquid to take by mouth. It is usually taken every 6 hours (four
times a day). Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or
pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Take dicloxacillin exactly as directed. Do not
take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by your doctor.
Shake the liquid well before each use to mix the medication evenly.
The capsules should be swallowed whole and taken with a full glass of water.
Continue to take dicloxacillin even if you feel well. Do not stop taking dicloxacillin without talking to
your doctor.
Before taking dicloxacillin,
 tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to dicloxacillin, penicillin, or any other drugs.
taking, especially other antibiotics, anticoagulants ('blood thinners') such as warfarin
(Coumadin), aspirin or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicine such as naproxen
(Anaprox) or ibuprofen (Motrin), atenolol (Tenormin), oral contraceptives, probenecid
(Benemid), and vitamins.
 tell your doctor if you have or have ever had kidney or liver disease, allergies, asthma, blood
disease, colitis, stomach problems, or hay fever.
become pregnant while taking dicloxacillin, call your doctor.
dicloxacillin.
Take dicloxacillin at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals.
a missed one.
Dicloxacillin may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go
away:
 upset stomach
 diarrhea
 vomiting
 mild skin rash
 severe skin rash

 itching
 hives
 wheezing
 vaginal infection
Keep this medicine in the container it came in, tightly closed, and out of reach of children. Store the
capsules at room temperature and away from excess heat and moisture (not in the bathroom). Throw
away any medication that is outdated or no longer needed. Keep liquid medicine in the refrigerator,
closed tightly, and throw away any unused medication after 14 days. Do not freeze. Talk to your
pharmacist about the proper disposal of your medication.
check your response to dicloxacillin.
If you are diabetic, use Clinistix or TesTape (not Clinitest) to test your urine for sugar while taking this
drug.
Do not let anyone else take your medication. Your prescription is probably not refillable. If you still
have symptoms of infection after you finish the dicloxacillin, call your doctor.

Drug Information: Doxycycline

(dox i sye' kleen)
Doxycycline is used to treat bacterial infections, including pneumonia and other respiratory tract
infections; Lyme disease; acne; infections of skin, genital, and urinary systems; and anthrax (after
inhalational exposure). It is also used to prevent malaria. Doxycycline is in a class of medications
called tetracycline antibiotics. It works by preventing the growth and spread of bacteria. Antibiotics will
not work for colds, flu, or other viral infections.
Doxycycline comes as a regular and a coated capsule, a tablet, a syrup, and a suspension (liquid), all
to take by mouth. Doxycycline is usually taken once or twice a day. Drink a full glass of water with
each dose of the capsule or tablet. If your stomach becomes upset when you take doxycycline, you
may take it with food or milk. However, taking doxycycline with milk or food may decrease the amount
of medication absorbed from your stomach. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about the best way to
take doxycycline if your stomach becomes upset. Follow the directions on your prescription label
doxycycline exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by
your doctor.
Shake the syrup or suspension well before each use to mix the medication evenly.
If you are taking doxycycline for the prevention of malaria, start taking it 1 or 2 days before traveling to
an area where there is malaria. Continue taking doxycycline for 4 weeks after leaving the area where
there is malaria. You should not take doxycycline for the prevention of malaria for more than 4 months.
Continue to take doxycycline even if you feel well. Take all the medication until you are finished, unless
your doctor tells you otherwise.
Doxycycline may also be used for the treatment of malaria. Talk to your doctor about the possible risks
of using this medication for your condition.
information.
Before taking doxycycline,
 tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to doxycycline, minocycline, tetracycline,
sulfites (for doxycycline syrup only), or any other medications.
taking, especially antacids, anticoagulants ('blood thinners') such as warfarin (Coumadin),
carbamazepine (Tegretol), penicillin, phenobarbital, phenytoin (Dilantin), and vitamins.
Doxycycline decreases the effectiveness of some oral contraceptives; another form of birth
control should be used while taking this drug.
 be aware that antacids, calcium supplements, iron products, and laxatives containing
magnesium interfere with doxycycline, making it less effective. Take doxycycline 1 hour before
or 2 hours after antacids (including sodium bicarbonate), calcium supplements, and laxatives
containing magnesium. Take doxycycline 2 hours before or 3 hours after iron preparations and
vitamin products that contain iron.
 tell your doctor if you have or have ever had diabetes or kidney or liver disease.
become pregnant while taking doxycycline, call your doctor immediately. Doxycycline can
harm the fetus.
doxycycline.
 plan to avoid unnecessary or prolonged exposure to sunlight and to wear protective clothing,
sunglasses, and sunscreen. Doxycycline may make your skin sensitive to sunlight.
 you should know that when you are receiving doxycycline for prevention of malaria, you
should also use protective measures such as effective insect repellent, mosquito nets, clothing
covering the whole body, and staying in well-screened areas, especially from early nighttime
until dawn. Taking doxycycline does not give you full protection against malaria.
 you should know that when doxycycline is used during pregnancy or in babies or children up
to age 8, it can cause the teeth to become permanently stained. Doxycycline should not be
used in children under age 8 except for inhalational anthrax or if your doctor decides it is
needed.
a missed one.
Doxycycline may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go
away:
 diarrhea
 itching of the rectum or vagina
 sore mouth
Some side effects can be serious. If you experience any of these symptoms, call your doctor
immediately:
 severe headache
 blurred vision
 skin rash
 hives
 redness of the skin (sunburn)
 itching
 dark-colored urine
 light-colored bowel movements
 upset stomach
 vomiting
 stomach pain
 extreme tiredness or weakness
 confusion
 decreased urination
your medication.
Keep all appointments with your doctor and laboratory. Your doctor will want to check your response to
doxycycline.
Before having any laboratory test, tell your doctor and the laboratory personnel that you are taking
doxycycline.
If you have diabetes, doxycycline can cause false results in some tests for sugar in the urine. Check
with your doctor before changing your diet or the dosage of your diabetes medicine.
Do not let anyone else take your medication. Your prescription is probably not refillable. If you still
have symptoms of infection after you finish the doxycycline, call your doctor.
Brand name(s):
 Doryx®  Vibramycin® Calcium  Vibramycin®

Syrup Monohydrate
 Monodox®
 Vibramycin® Hyclate  Vibra-Tabs®


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Drug Information: Danazol

Why is this medication prescribed?

How should this medicine be used?

What special precautions should I follow?

Before taking danzaol,

What should I do if I forget a dose?

What side effects can this medication cause?

What storage conditions are needed for this medicine?

What other information should I know?

Last Revised - 04/01/2003

Drug Information: Dantrolene Oral

Why is this medication prescribed?

How should this medicine be used?

What special precautions should I follow?

Before taking dantrolene,

What should I do if I forget a dose?

What side effects can this medication cause?

What storage conditions are needed for this medicine?

What other information should I know?

Last Revised - 04/01/2003

Drug Information: Diclofenac

Why is this medication prescribed?

How should this medicine be used?

Diclofenac comes as an immediate-release tablet and an extended-release (long-acting) tablet to take

Other uses for this medicine

What special precautions should I follow?

Before taking diclofenac,

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

What should I do if I forget a dose?

What side effects can this medication cause?

 unexplained weight gain

What storage conditions are needed for this medicine?

Symptoms of overdose may include:

What other information should I know?

Last Revised - 01/01/2008

Drug Information: Dipyridamole

How should this medicine be used?

Other uses for this medicine

What special precautions should I follow?

Before taking dipyridamole,

What should I do if I forget a dose?

What side effects can this medication cause?

 unusual bleeding or bruising

What storage conditions are needed for this medicine?

What other information should I know?

Keep all appointments with your doctor and the laboratory.

Last Revised - 04/01/2003

Drug Information: Diltiazem

Why is this medication prescribed?

How should this medicine be used?

Swallow the capsules whole; do not split, chew, or crush them.

Other uses for this medicine

What special precautions should I follow?

Before taking diltiazem,

What special dietary instructions should I follow?

What should I do if I forget a dose?

 swelling of the face, eyes, lips, tongue, arms, or legs

What storage conditions are needed for this medicine?

What other information should I know?

 Cardizem®  Cartia XT®  Tiazac®

 Cardizem® SR  Diltia XT®

Last Revised - 04/01/2003

Drug Information: Diazepam

Why is this medication prescribed?