BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES
MILLING

by Endika Gandarias
 Dr. ENDIKA GANDARIAS MINTEGI

Mechanical and Manufacturing department

Mondragon Unibertsitatea - www.mondragon.edu

(Basque Country)

www.linkedin.com/in/endika-gandarias-mintegi-91174653

Further presentations: www.symbaloo.com/mix/manufacturingtechnology

by Endika Gandarias 2
 CONTENTS
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
 INTRODUCTION
 MACHINE TYPES
 WORKHOLDING DEVICES
 TOOLHOLDING DEVICES
 MILLING OPERATIONS
 SAFETY GUIDELINES
 APPLICATIONS
 GLOSSARY

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

BIBLIOGRAPHY

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

The author would like to thank all the bibliographic references and videos that
have contributed to the elaboration of these presentations.

For bibliographic references, please refer to:

• http://www.slideshare.net/endika55/bibliography-71763364 (PDF file)

• http://www.slideshare.net/endika55/bibliography-71763366 (PPT file)

For videos, please refer to:

• www.symbaloo.com/mix/manufacturingtechnology

by Endika Gandarias 5
 INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

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 INTRODUCTION

MILLING TECHNOLOGY

Ma
Mc

 BASIC MOVEMENTS:
Mp
– Mc  Cutting movement (regarding the tool)
– Ma  Feed movement (regarding the part or tool)
– Mp  Cutting depth movement (regarding the
part or tool)

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 INTRODUCTION

Eli Whitney milling machine Middletown milling machine Nasmyth milling machine
1818 1818 1829

Lincoln miller Universal milling machine Horizontal milling machine

1870 Brown-and-Sharpe Cincinnati
1861 early 1900s
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 INTRODUCTION

• The tool is spinning (Mc).

N
• One or more linear movements
(Mp & Ma) may have the tool or the
part. ap
F ae

DC

N Spindle speed (rpm)

N Vc Cutting speed (m/min)

Dc Tool diameter (mm)

F Feed rate (mm/min)

A milling cutting tool is similar to the ap Axial cutting depth (mm)
turning cutting tool, but many tools called
“teeth” integrate it. ae Radial cutting depth (mm)

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 INTRODUCTION

Z
Y

X
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 INTRODUCTION: MILLING TYPES

Side or Peripheral Shoulder Milling

Face Milling
Milling (Face & Side Milling)

Mc:
Mc: Cutting mov.
Cutting mov.

Ma:
Mc: Feed mov. Ma:
Ma: Cutting mov.
Feed mov. Feed mov.

• Cutting depth in axial • Cutting depth in radial • Cutting depth in axial and
direction. direction. radial direction.

• It uses mainly the cutting edges • It uses mainly the cutting edges • It uses the cutting edges on the
on the periphery of the tool. on the periphery of the tool. face and periphery of the tool.

• Surface roughness created by • Surface roughness created by • Surface roughness created by

face teeth. side teeth. face and side teeth.

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 MACHINE TYPES

MACHINE TYPES

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 MACHINE TYPES

Horizontal and Vertical Milling machines

According to their main rotational axis…

Rotational axis
direction
Rotational axis
direction

Vertical Milling Machine Horizontal Milling Machine

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 MACHINE TYPES

Horizontal and Vertical Milling machines

According to their main rotational axis…

Mc: Cutting Mc: Cutting Mp: Cutting depth

movement Mp: Cutting depth movement movement
movement

Ma: Feed
Ma: Feed
movement
movement

Vertical Milling Machine Horizontal Milling Machine

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 MACHINE TYPES

Vertical

Column and knee type Horizontal

Universal
Conventional machines Bed type
MILLING MACHINES

Copy or tracer mill

CNC Milling machine Bridge type or planer

Bed type Gantry

Travelling column

CNC machines
3 axis

4 axis
Machining centre
5 axis

Multitasking machine
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 MACHINE TYPES

Conventional milling machines

Column and knee type (turret type)

 Manual movements execution.

 Manual tool and part change.
 Machine may have or not an overarm: Spindle mounted to a movable
housing on the column to permit positioning the milling cutter forward or
X rearward in a horizontal plane.

 Machine principal components:

Y 1. Column: supports the spindle. The tool has no linear movements,
just the rotational cutting movement.
2. Knee: supports the work table. It has all the linear movements: X, Y
Z & Z.

 Machine types:
1. VERTICAL MACHINE
VIDEO 2. HORIZONTAL MACHINE
3. UNIVERSAL MACHINE

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 MACHINE TYPES

Conventional milling machines

Column and knee type (turret type)

VERTICAL MILLING MACHINE HORIZONTAL MILLING MACHINE

1 2
 Cutter is directly mounted in the spindle.  Arbor supports the cutter and an overarm
 Typical for face and end milling operations. the arbor.
 Typical for side or peripheral milling
operations.

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 MACHINE TYPES

Conventional milling machines

Column and knee type (turret type)

UNIVERSAL MILLING MACHINE

3  It is a vertical and horizontal milling machine at the same time.
 Types:

Hure spindle:
It has a swiveling spindle that allows to swivel the
Vertical & horizontal spindle at different angles. Vertical milling
spindle attachment

VIDEO VIDEO

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 MACHINE TYPES

Conventional milling machines

Bed type

 The tool has the perpendicular movement. Z

 The worktable has the X & Y movements.
 Greater rigidity. Used for voluminous and
heavy parts.

 A special machine type:

ROTARY TABLE TYPE

» It has a roughing spindle and a
finishing spindle.
Z

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 MACHINE TYPES

Conventional milling machines

Copy or Traced Controlled milling machine

 A stylus follows the profile of a template and guides the

cutter movement synchronizing with the table movement,
to produce a similar profile as on the template.
 The movement of the stylus is controlled through
electronic or hydraulic systems.
 It is used for engraving small and height profiles,
producing cams, dies,…

 Machining time: important.

 Idle time: small.
 Set-up time: important.
 Series: Unitary or medium.
 Precision: IT7/8, Ra ~ 1.6 µm.

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 MACHINE TYPES

Conventional milling machines

Copy or Traced Controlled milling machine

Part

Sample part

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 MACHINE TYPES

CNC machines

CNC Milling machine

 Automatic movements execution.

 Manual tool change.
 Manual part change.
 Usually, it is not needed any special workholding
device.

 Machining time: less than in an universal milling.

 Idle time: very short
 Set-up time: slightly important (programming)
 Series: 10 to 1000 parts, or more.
 Precision: IT7/8, Ra ~ 0.8 ÷1.6 µm.

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 MACHINE TYPES

CNC machines

Bed type Z

X
1 BRIDGE TYPE OR PLANER MILLING MACHINE

 The part has the longitudinal axis movement.

 Spindle carriers are mounted on cross-rails (bridge structure).
 Large size milling machines.
 Suitable for flat surfaces of heavy components.
 May use several spindle heads (vertical or horizontal).
VIDEO
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 MACHINE TYPES

CNC machines

Bed type
Z
Z
Y
Y
X
X

GANTRY MILLING MACHINE TRAVELLING COLUMN MILLING MACHINE

2 3
 Similar to the bridge type machine, but  The part has no movement at all.
the workpiece has no movement at all.
 Typically used for large size parts.

VIDEO VIDEO
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 MACHINE TYPES

CNC machines
tool magazine CNC
Machining Centre

 It is a CNC milling machine equipped by an

automatic tool changer.
 Automatic tool changer using tool magazine or
carousel.
 Automatic part changer using pallets (optional).

 Machining time: similar to CNC Milling machines.

 Idle time: smaller than in CNC Milling machines.
 Set-up time: slightly important (programming &
setting-up)
 Series: 10 to 1000 parts, or more
 Precision: IT7/8, Ra ~ 0.8 ÷1.6 µm.

tool magazine tool carousel

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 MACHINE TYPES

CNC machines

Machining Centre

Automatic tool changer

Automatic part changer

(pallets)
(optional)

VIDEO
VIDEO
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 MACHINE TYPES

CNC machines

Machining Centre
4 AXIS
3 AXIS
 Machine has CNC controlled X,Y & Z linear movements
 Machine has CNC controlled + 1 rotational movement.
X,Y & Z linear movements. a) Horizontal rotary table
b) Vertical rotary table
c) Rotary spindle
 To obtain surfaces with a cylindrical pattern (e.g. gears,
polygonal geometries,…).

Integrated vertical rotary table

(C axis)

VIDEO VIDEO Horizontal rotary table (A axis)

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 MACHINE TYPES

CNC machines

Machining Centre

5 AXIS

 Machine has CNC controlled X,Y & Z linear movements

+ 2 rotational movements.
 Types:

2 Swiveling head VIDEO

 Heavier parts can be machined.
 Shorter tools are needed.

3
Vertical machine Horizontal machine

Trunnion table VIDEO

1  A larger working volume.
 More powerful spindle  Heavier removal Combination type
rates.  Higher versatility (part can be clamped
 Bigger rotational movement capability. on the rotary table or out of it).

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 MACHINE TYPES

CNC machines

Machining Centre MULTITASKING MACHINE – HORIZONTAL (I)

• Several technologies are integrated into one machine:
turning, milling, drilling,…
• It has evolved from turning machines.
• The heart of the machine is the tool spindle (B
spindle), which even can be tilted. It provides milling,
drilling and tapping capability along with turning,
facing, grooving and threading.
• This spindle is serviced by an automatic tool changer
that resides outside the cutting zone.
• It may have a double spindle and one/two tool turrets.
• Application: very complex parts.

VIDEO
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 MACHINE TYPES

CNC machines

Machining Centre MULTITASKING MACHINE – HORIZONTAL (II)

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 MACHINE TYPES

CNC machines

Machining Centre MULTITASKING MACHINE – VERTICAL

• Parts normally larger in diameter than for a horizontal

multi-task machine.
• Does not require support via a steady rest, tailstock or
sub-spindle.
• It has evolved from 5 axis machining centers:
a) High rpm capability of the C axis (turning table).
b) Adopting the spindle for stationary operations.
Combination type

Trunnion table VIDEO

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 WORKHOLDING DEVICES

WORKHOLDING DEVICES

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 WORKHOLDING DEVICES

Vise

WORKHOLDING DEVICES
Clamps

Modular fixturing system

Indexer / Rotary table

Magnetic chuck

Vacuum chuck

Freeze chuck

Dedicated fixture

Features of a workholding device: VIDEO

 Proper part immobilization.  Minimum part deformation.
 Accesibility to the machining area.  Short part clamping & unclamping time.
 Ability to absorb machining efforts.
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 WORKHOLDING DEVICES

Vise

 The most common type of workholding

device for small parts.
 Part is hold by pressure driven:
 Mechanically
 Pneumatically
 Hydraulically
 Types based on the degree of freedom:
 Plain vise
 Plain vise with swivel base PNEUMATIC VISE HYDRAULIC VISE
 Universal vise with swivel base

MECHANICAL VISE VIDEO

Plain vise Plain vise with swivel base Universal vise

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 WORKHOLDING DEVICES

Clamps

 Used for big size or irregular parts.

 Part is hold using clamps, t-slot bolts, screws, washers, nuts, parallels, step blocks,… VIDEO
 It is important to keep in mind the efforts/deformations produced on the part.

T-slot bolt
T-nut Washer

Angle plate
Toe mold clamp

Step block Swing clamp Cam clamp C clamp V block

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 WORKHOLDING DEVICES

Modular fixturing system

 Based on a drilled and/or grooved baseplate.

 It offers flexibility or versatility.
 It allows to build different workholding systems from a set of standard
components (clamps, positioners,…).

VIDEO VIDEO
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 WORKHOLDING DEVICES

Indexing head / Rotary table

MOTOR DRIVEN

 Commonly used for machining angularly equidistant surfaces.

 The chuck allows to hold and rotate the part working at different
angles.
 Similar clamping possibilities to the turning process:
 Jaw chuck
 Between chuck and center
 Between centers
VIDEO
MANUALLY OPERATED

VIDEO VIDEO
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 WORKHOLDING DEVICES

Magnetic Chuck

 Ideal for ferromagnetic parts.

 Powerful workholding system.
 Usually electronically activated.
 Part centering may be time consuming.

VIDEO
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 WORKHOLDING DEVICES

Vacuum Chuck

 Ideal for thin and flat metal sheets, non-porous surfaces.

 Hold down forces are not extremely high.
 Uniform holding pressure on the entire workpiece surface.
 Coolant can be used without affecting the chuck’s performance.

VIDEO
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 WORKHOLDING DEVICES

Freeze Chuck

 To clamp small workpieces.

 No tension builds up within the workpiece.
 Clamping time +/- 90 seconds.
 Holding precision ± 3μm

VIDEO
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 WORKHOLDING DEVICES

Dedicated fixture

 It is a custom-designed fixture.
 Capital investment must be absorbed by the job.
 It is used for medium to big-batch production runs.

VS.

Dedicated fixture Modular fixture

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 TOOLHOLDING DEVICES

TOOLHOLDING DEVICES

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 TOOLHOLDING DEVICES

Weldon / Whistle Notch

ER Collet chuck

Power chuck

TOOLHOLDING DEVICES TOOLHOLDER Hydraulic chuck

Shrink fit (Thermal)

Save lock

Polygonal clamping

ISO / SK / BT

HSK

SPINDLE TYPE Capto

BIG PLUS

KM

EXTENSION ADAPTOR

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 TOOLHOLDING DEVICES

Toolholder

Weldon / Whistle Notch ER Collet chuck

Weldon Whistle Notch VIDEO VIDEO

Power chuck Hydraulic chuck Shrink fit (thermal)

VIDEO VIDEO VIDEO

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 TOOLHOLDING DEVICES

Toolholder

Safe Lock Polygonal clamping

Pull out protection

VIDEO

Clamping steps

VIDEO

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 TOOLHOLDING DEVICES

Spindle type

ISO / SK / BT HSK Capto

VIDEO

BIG PLUS KM

BIG PLUS ISO / SK / BT

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 TOOLHOLDING DEVICES

Spindle type

Repeatibility / Radial Tool

Bending Torque
Precision deviation changing

BIG PLUS

ISO

HSK

KM

CAPTO

Excellent
Not optimum
Not acceptable

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 TOOLHOLDING DEVICES

Extension adaptor

 Overhangs should be minimized.

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 MACHINING OPERATIONS

MACHINING OPERATIONS

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 MACHINING OPERATIONS

MILLING. Machining operations

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 MACHINING OPERATIONS

Face Milling

Particular machining operation:

Slab milling

 Low entering angle (10º) inserts.

 High feed VIDEO
 Low cutting depth
VIDEO

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 MACHINING OPERATIONS

Shoulder Milling

Also used for:

Roughing

Finishing

VIDEO
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 MACHINING OPERATIONS

Slot Milling Types: 1. End Milling

2. Side and Face Milling

1 END MILLING

VIDEO
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 MACHINING OPERATIONS

TOOLING
Slot Milling

2 SIDE AND FACE MILLING

Horizontal milling Vertical milling

machine machine

Commonly used on
components that cannot
be rotated. VIDEO
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 MACHINING OPERATIONS

T-shape Slot Milling

 It requires a previous slot milling operation of width

bigger than the T-shape tool shank.
 The use of air flow is highly recommended in order
to evacuate the chip continuously.

VIDEO VIDEO

Helical Slot Milling

 It requires a coordination between the rotational

speed (N) and the feed per revolution (fn).

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 MACHINING OPERATIONS

Helical Milling

Two axis ramping Three axis ramping Pre-drilling/peck-milling

VIDEO
VIDEO

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 MACHINING OPERATIONS

Dovetail Milling Form Milling

VIDEO VIDEO

Gang Milling

 Two or more milling cutters mounted on the same

arbor.
 Displacing the cutters half a pitch in relation to
each other assists in avoiding vibration.
 High productivity, high removal rate.
 Medium/big series.
 The use of a fly-wheel reduces torsional vibrations.

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 MACHINING OPERATIONS

Chamfering TOOLING

VIDEO

Corner rounding

VIDEO
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 MACHINING OPERATIONS

Profile Milling

ROUGHING

VIDEO
VIDEO

FINISHING

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 MACHINING OPERATIONS

Gear Milling

TYPE OF GEARS

External & Internal gears Splines Bevel gears and pinions

TOOLING

VIDEO VIDEO VIDEO VIDEO

Disc cutting Hobbing (productivity ↑)
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 MACHINING OPERATIONS

Turn Milling

 A curved surface is milled while rotating

the workpiece around its centre point.

VIDEO

2 METHODS:

 Main method for external machining.  Used mainly for internal features.
 Same principle as for circular milling /
ramping, but with component rotating.

Face turn milling – 4/5 axes Periphery turn milling – 3/4 axes

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 MACHINING OPERATIONS

Boring

 Excellent dimensional
tolerances and surface
roughnesses.

a a a >a

ROUGHING FINISHING VIDEO

BORE FACE GROOVING

 It is a productive alternative way to produce

circular grooves.
 Increased productivity.
 Diameters from 47mm to 1275mm.
 It can be done in vertical or horizontal machines.

VIDEO
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 MACHINING OPERATIONS

Drilling

VIDEO

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 MACHINING OPERATIONS

Thread Milling

1 TAPPING

 Synchronization of the feed movement and rotational movement is a must.

 If the machine spindle is not prepared for direct threading, a special

toolholder needs to be used.

VIDEO VIDEO
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 MACHINING OPERATIONS

2 THREAD MILLING

A B
Internal threading

A B VIDEO
External threading
CNC thread generator: http://vargen.vargus.com/VargusGenWeb/Pages/ThreadSelection.aspx
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 MACHINING OPERATIONS

Reaming

 Objective: To achive a good surface roughness and good

dimensional tolerances (H7) in a pre-drilled hole.
 High penetration rates and small depths of cut.
 The tool is called “reamer”.

The reamer never should be

spinned counterclockwise.

RIGHT WRONG

a) Manual reamers: long entry (A)

and length (L)
b) Milling reamers: short entry (A)
and length (L)
c) Reamer with no shank or
separated shank.

Spiral flute Straight flute

Lateral coolant​ supply Axial coolant​ supply VIDEO VIDEO
For through holes For blind holes
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 SAFETY GUIDELINES

SAFETY GUIDELINES

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 SAFETY GUIDELINES

Goggles Gloves Shoes

safety guards or
machine encapsulation
Clothing Ear muff or Ear plug
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 MILLING APPLICATIONS

MILLING APPLICATIONS

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 BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS

MONOBLOCK PROSTHESIS – BONE PLATE –

Titanium Titanium
VIDEO VIDEO

MOULD FOR PILLS – DENTAL BRIDGE PROSTHESIS – IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL PORT

Steel Titanium OR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
– Titanium
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 BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS

LAB ON A CHIP (Blood plasma separator) – Steel

SPINAL CROSS CONNECTOR – Stainless steel

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 AEROSPACE APPLICATIONS

3 – BLISK –
Titanium

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 AEROSPACE APPLICATIONS

1 – WING RIB – Aluminium

3 – ENGINE MOUNT – Titanium

1 – WING – Composite 8 – VERTICAL TAIL –

Composite 5 – FLAP TRACK – Stainless steel
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 AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS

TURBO CHARGER – CYLINDER HEAD –

Stainless Steel Cast iron or aluminium

STEERING KNUCKLE –
Cast iron or steel
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 DIE & MOULDS APPLICATIONS

OPERATION OVERVIEW
1. Face milling
2. Shoulder milling
3. Profile milling
4. Drilling
5. Hard part finishing
6. Semi finishing - Roughing
7. Semi finishing - Roughing

STAMPING DIE –
Steel

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 POWER GENERATION APPLICATIONS

GAS TURBINE BLADE –

Stainless steel or Titanium

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 WIND POWER APPLICATIONS

OPERATION OVERVIEW
OPERATION OVERVIEW 1. Face Milling
1. Face milling 2. Shoulder Milling
2. Boring 3. Helical or Circular Interpolation
3. Back facing 4. Finish Boring
4. Drilling 5. Back Facing
5. Thread milling 6. Drilling
7. Threading
8. Chamfering

GEARBOX HOUSING HUB

Cast iron Cast iron

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 WIND POWER APPLICATIONS

OPERATION OVERVIEW
1. Face and shoulder milling
2. Contouring
3. Fine boring
4. Drilling
5. Face milling

MAIN FRAME
Cast iron

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 GLOSSARY

GLOSSARY

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 GLOSSARY

ENGLISH SPANISH BASQUE

Angle plate Placa angular Plaka angeluar
Arbor Mandril Mandril
Bed type Bancada fija Bankada finkoa
Between centers Entre puntos Puntuen artean
Between chuck and center Plato de garras y punto Atzapardun playera eta puntuaren artean
Bevel gears Engranes cónicos Engranai konikoak
Blade Álabe Alabe
Blood Sangre Odol
Bone Hueso Hazur
Boring Mandrinado Mandrinaketa
Bridge type Tipo puente Zubi erakoa
Cam Leva Espeka
Cast iron Fundición Fundizio
Chamfering Achaflanado Alakaketa
Clamp Brida Brida
Collet chuck Portaherramientas de pinzas Pintza etxea
Coolant Refrigerante Hozkarria
Copy or tracer mill Copiadora Kopiagailua
Counterclockwise Giro antihorario Erloju orratzen aurkako biraketa
Cutting depth Profundidad de pasada axial Sakontze sakonera
Cutting speed Velocidad de corte Ebaketa abiadura
Cylinder head Culata Kulata
Dedicated fixture Utillaje específico Tresneria espezifikoa
Dovetail Cola de milano Mirubuztan
Drilling Taladrado Zulaketa
Drug Droga Droga
Ear muff / Ear plug Orejera de casco Entzumen kaskoak
Face milling Planeado Planeaketa / Lauketa

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 GLOSSARY

ENGLISH SPANISH BASQUE

Feed per revolution Avance por vuelta Aitzinamendua birako
Feed rate Avance por minuto Aitzinamendua minutuko
Finishing Acabado Akabera
Flute Estría Ildaska
Fly-wheel Soporte Euskarri
Freeze chuck Amarre por congelación Hozte bidezko lotzea
Gang milling Fresado en grupo / Arbol de fresas Multzokako fresaketa
Gantry type Tipo pórtico Portiko erakoa
Gearbox housing Carcasa de caja de engranes Engranai kutxako karkasa
Gloves Guantes Eskularruak
Goggles Gafas de seguridad Segurtasun betaurrekoak
Hobbing Tallado Tailaketa
Hub Cubo Kubo
Hydraulic chuck Portaherramientas hidraúlico Erraminta etxe hidraulikoa
Idle time Tiempos no productivos Denbora ez produktiboa
Indexer / Rotary table Plato divisor Plater zatitzailea
Insert Plaquita intercambiable Plakatxo trukagarria
Jaw chuck Plato de garras Atzapardun platera
Knee Ménsula Mentsula
Machining centre Centro de mecanizado Mekanizazio zentrua
Machining time Tiempo de mecanizado Mekanizazio denbora
Main frame Bastidor principal Bastidore nagusia
Milling Fresado Fresaketa
Modular fixturing system Utillaje modular Tresneria modularra
Multitasking machine Máquina multitarea Ataza anitzeko makina
Numerical control Control numérico Zenbakizko kontrola
Overarm Carnero Ahari
Overhang Voladizo Hegalkina

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 GLOSSARY

ENGLISH SPANISH BASQUE

Pallet Palet Paleta
Parallel Calzo paralelo Altxagarria
Pill Pildora Pilula
Pitch Paso Neurri
Planer Planeadora Gainazal leunak mekanizatzeko makina
Plate Placa Plaka
Power chuck Portapinzas de alto apriete Estutze haundiko pintza etxea
Reamer Escariador Otxabua
Reaming Escariado Otxabuketa
Rib Costilla Saihets
Rotary table Plato rotatorio Plater birakaria
Roughing Desbaste Arbastaketa
Safe lock Portaherramientas de amarre de seguridad Lotze ziurrezko erraminta etxea
Safety guidelines Normas de seguridad Segurtasun arauak
Set-up time Tiempo de puesta a punto Prestaketa denbora
Shoulder milling Escuadrado Eskuairaketa
Shrink fit Portaherramientas térmico Erraminta etxe termikoa
Slot milling Ranurado Artekaketa
Spindle Cabezal Burua
Spindle speed Velocidad de giro Biraketa abiadura
Stainless steel Acero inoxidable Altzairu erdoilgaitza
Stamping die Molde de estampación Estanpazio moldea
Steering knucle Portamanguetas Mangeta etxea
Step block Calzo escalonado Altxagarri mailakatua
Swing clamp Brida oscilante Brida kulunkari
Swivel base Base giratoria Oinarri birakorra
Swiveling head Cabezal giratorio Buru birakaria
Tail Cola Buztan

by Endika Gandarias 82
 GLOSSARY

ENGLISH SPANISH BASQUE

Tap Macho de roscar Hariztatzeko ardatza
Tapping Roscado con macho Ardatzarekin egindako hariztaketa
Thread milling Roscado con fresas Fresekin egindako hariztaketa
Tool magazine / carousel Cambiador de herramienta Erraminta aldagailua
Tool shank Mango de la herramienta Erramintaren kirtena
Toolholder Portaherramientas Erraminta etxea
Toolhonding device Sistema de amarrar herramientas Erramintak lotzeko sistemak
Travelling column Columna movil Zutabe mugikorra
T-shpe slot Ranura en T T erako arteka
Turbo charger Turbocompresor Turbokonpresore
Turn milling Torneado fresado Torneaketa fresaketa
Vaccum chuck Amarre por vacío Huts bidezko lotzea
Vise Mordaza Baraila
Washer Arandela Zirrindola
Wing Ala Hego
Workholding device Sistema de amarrar piezas Piezak lotzeko sistemak

by Endika Gandarias 83