MEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY,

JAMSHORO

Institute of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering

Roll Number: 15PET01

Assignee: Engr: Hassan Aziz

Assignment: Gas processing

SUBMITED TO: DR. shuail A. Soomro

Economic growth and energy demand are linked together, but the strength
of that link varies among regions. The state of economic development and
the standard of living of individuals in a given region strongly influence the
relation between economic and energy. Advanced economies with high
living standards have a relatively high level of energy use per capita, but
they also economies where per capita energy use is stable or has a slight
change [1].

GEOGRAPY OF PAKISTAN
Pakistan is situated between latitude 24 and 37 degrees North and
longitude 62 and 75 degrees East. The country share borders with India,
Iran, China, Afghanistan and the Arabian Sea. The country consists of four
provinces namely KPK, Punjab, Sindh, and Baluchistan [2].

Current status of Pakistan

Pakistan’s current energy mix consists of hydel, thermal (coal, gas and oil),
nuclear, and renewable energy for electricity generation, gasoline, diesel,
and CNG for transport applications.
Pakistan’s commercially exploitable energy resources consist of coal, gas,
oil, hydel power, nuclear power, traditional fuels in the form of fuel wood,
agricultural and animal wastes. The current energy supply matrix is a
combination of various technologies. Oil and gas is the primary commercial
energy supply of Pakistan, contributing 75.24% (oil: 23.3%, gas: 51.6%,
LPG: 0.4 %,)
Other sources that contribute are coal: 6.3%, hydro electricity: 11.2% and
nuclear electricity: 1.23% [3].

Consider the Following figure

A comparison of the years 2000, 2010 and 2015 in terms of energy is as
follow

2000 2010 2015

Oil production 56,000 barrels of 65000 barrels 96000 barrels of
crude oil per day of crude oil per crude oil per day
day
Gas production 856 billion cubic 1400 billion 1762 billion cu ft
feet per year. cubic feet per
year.
Production of coal 3.3 million tons 3.8 million tons 4.2 million tons
per year per year per year
LPG 6150 barrels per 5930 barrels 7500 barrels per
day per day day
Electricity ------ 10,306MW 15,500 MW
generation
Oil consumption 36,5000 barrels 392000 barrels 47000 barrels of
of crude oil per of crude oil per crude oil per day
day day
Gas consumption 856 billion cubic 1400 billion 1762 billion cu ft
feet per year. cubic feet per
year.
Coal consumption 4.4 million tons 8.5 million tons 7.3 million tons
per year per year per year
LPG consumption 2000 barrels per 8000 barrels ------
day per day
Electricity demand ------ 15,316MW 21,000 MW.
 Critical Analysis
 Increasing population of Pakistan
 Lake of recourses in Pakistan
 High demand of power and no planning in past years
 Discordant energy policies by the government
 Gas shortage for Power Sector
 Power theft
 Hydropower production reduction
 Old transmission network
 Lack of planning for production of energy
 Greater transportation needs
 Mismanagement of government
 No usage of renewable sources or alternative sources
 Political interference (national and international)
 Less number of dams

A Ten Points Solution to Energy Crisis In Pakistan

 International gas pipe line projects should be taken into the
consideration i.e. between India, Pakistan, Iran Gas pipe line project
which meet the gas demands of Pakistan.
 KPK province should explore medium to micro sized hydro projects to
overcome energy crisis.
 Pakistan has world’s seven largest reserves of coal in THAR so coal
must be used.
 Wind is free and the cheapest source so wind turbines must be
installed in the coastal belt.
 Province of Punjab must develop bio gas plants.
 Pakistan should borrow and purchase the technology from US and
European countries to manufacture power plants.
 Utilization of solar energy is another cheap source.
 Construction of dams to avoid water wastage.
 Improve cost recovery.
  A campaign of energy conservation is needed in Pakistan to spread
the awareness of energy conservation. [4,5].

Conclusion
Energy crisis has paralyzed all the sectors of Pakistan. It is impeding
national progress. Energy crisis can be overcome by
1. Making effective policies and its implication by the government.
2. By playing our (people) role, to utilize the energy wisely.

Referances
1. Energy and Economy by Kurt Yeager (Electric Power
Research Institute and Galvin Electricity Initiative, USA)

2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Pakistan

3. Renewable Energy in Pakistan: Status and Trends by

Dr.Muhammad Shahid Khalil University of Engineering &
Technology, Taxila
4. http://envirocivil.com/renewable-energy/energy-crisis-in-
pakistan-feasible-solution/
5. http://defence.pk/threads/solutions-for-energy-
crisis.371116/