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Kpeve Water Supply Options Oct 2014
Kpeve Water Supply Options Oct 2014
Prepared by:
OCTOBER. 2014
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1. INTRODUCTION
The Republic of Ghana, is a sovereign multinational Ghana is a constitutional democracy divided into ten
State and unitary presidential constitutional administrative regions and the world's 48th most
democracy, located along the Gulf of Guinea and inhabited nation and Africa's 11th most inhabited
Atlantic Ocean, in the sub region of West Africa. nation with a population of approximately 30 million
Ghana is the 82nd largest country in the world as of 2019. Ghana's varied geography includes
and 33rd largest country on continental Africa by
savannas, woodlands, forests, a coastal line, springs,
land mass, and Ghana has a land mass of
238,535 km2, with 2,093 kilometers of international cave systems, mountains, estuaries, wildlife parks, and
land borders. The country is bordered by the Ivory nature reserves. The coast of Ghana stretches 560
Coast in the west, Burkina Faso in the north, Togo in kilometers (350 miles) and includes a rich assortment
the east and the Gulf of Guinea and Atlantic Ocean of culturally significant castles, forts, ports and
in the south. harbours. The country’s economy depends heavily on
primary commodities such as agricultural and mining
products, and also boasts the leading share of world
production of co-coa.
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Ghana is well endowed with water resources. Water Supply System in the Volta Region of Ghana
The Volta river system basin, consisting of is one of such urban systems identified by GWCL
the Oti, Daka, Pru, Sene and Afram rivers as well for the proposed investment intervention.
as the white and black volta rivers, covers 70% of
the country area. Another 22% of Ghana is covered
by the southwestern river system watershed
2. OBJECTIVES
comprising the Bia, Tano, Ankobra and Pra rivers.
The primary objectives of the Kpeve Water Supply
The coastal river system watershed, comprising
System are:
the Ochi-Nawuka, Ochi
Amissah, Ayensu, Densu and Tordzie rivers, • To improve and increase access to
covers the remaining 8% of the country. potable water leading to socio-economic
Furthermore, groundwater is available and health benefits for residents and
in mesozoic and cenozoic sedimentary rocks and inhabitants of towns and communities in
in sedimentary formations underlying the Volta the project area.
basin. The Volta Lake, with a surface of 8,500 km², • To provide and maintain acceptable levels
is one of the world's largest artificial lakes. In all, of service to consumers on a regular basis
the total actual renewable water resources are and in respect of quantity and quality of
estimated to be 53.2 billion m³ per year. potable water supplied.
The national Ghana water supply system is This preliminary review seeks to:
operated by two organizations: the government • Identify and assess available options for
owned Ghana Water Company, Ltd. (GWCL), and achieving the primary objectives listed
the Community Wa-ter Sanitation Agency (CWSA). above, and
GWCL operates about 80 regional city water • Establish relevant costs estimates for
supply systems throughout the country. The GWCL preliminary investment applications to
separated from the department responsible for potential funders.
regional water supply in the Ghana Water and
Sewerage Corporation (GWSC) in 1998 to form an The Project entails the construction of a raw water
independent entity, and is now responsible for intake and a 30,000 m3/per day capacity water
increasing the regional population served, as treatment plant on the right bank of the Volta
facilitator and coordinator for the formation and River approximately ….km north of the Kpeve,
operation of community water supply systems. pipelines with a length of 5 km and reservoirs for
Only 40% of Ghana’s population is served by water the storage of treated water at Bame (15,000 m3
supply. This is far lower than the 65% in South capacity) and at the existing Ho Reservoir located
Africa, and even less than the Sub-Saharan Africa north of Ho city nearest at village Klefe (10,000 m3
average of 45%2. capacity) and transmission lines.
As part of the Ghana Government National Policy The Project will be undertaken in two phases, with
to improve access to potable water with its the first phase (“Kpeve New Water Treatment
potential socioeconomic and health benefits, the Plant and Mains Transmission Lines”) estimated to
Ministry of Water Resources, Works and Housing require two years (including detailed design,
(MWRWH) working through Ghana Water procurement and construction) and the second
Company Limited (GWCL) have earmarked urban phase (“Rehabilitation of Existing System”)
water supply systems for rehabilitation and estimated to require an additional two years for
expansion to meet growing demand. The Kpeve completion.
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3. POPULATION AND WATER DEMAND
As main input for forecasting population over the Table 2: Classification of Towns/Communities
study period, census data published by the into Population Groups
Statistical Service for national censuses carried Category Population No. of
out in 2000(year) were obtained for each of the Communities
communities identified as part of the coverage
area since confirmed data for the communities for 1 > 50,000 1
the most recent census in 2010 was not available. 2 20,000 – 50,000 -
For projection of the data obtained however, 3 10,000 – 20,000 2
published data on average annual growth rate of
the district over the period from 2000 to 2010 was 4 5,000 – 10,000 4
adopted. 5 2,000 – 5,000 69
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Table 4: Average per capita demand as per
population groups C. Water Demand Variations
Group Size Consumption (l/c/d) The following factors have been adopted to cater
2015 2020 2025 for variations in demand to facilitate design of
2,000 -5,000 33 35 37 various components of the system.
5,000 - 10,000 62 65 67 Peak Daily Factor (to cater for seasonal 1.2
variation in demand)
10,000 - 20,000 82 85 87 Peak Hourly Factor (to cater for hourly
variation in consumption) 2.5
20,000 - 50,000 92 95 97
D. Water Requirement Forecast
>50,000 115 120 125
Based on the above considerations and
parameters, estimations of water requirements
Consumption rates proposed are deemed to cover made as basis for the development of concepts for
domestic and non-domestic consumption and the proposed system are summarized in Table 5
provision for physical losses in the system. below.
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4. DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING SYSTEM
The existing water supply system was constructed the raw water well, by means of 4 No. 6”
in 1993. It is based on the abstraction of surface “firefighting” (and not armoured) type hoses.
water from the Volta Lake, by means of a raw Presently, due to the water level rise in the lake,
water pumping station; a conventional treatment this pumping station was not in use.
plant treats the water and conveys it by pumping
to two directions: to Ho and to Peki towns (refer
to Figures 1 and 2). The water is stored and
distributed by two separate systems located in the
two the towns.
Figure 1: Pontoon Intake at Kpeve Tornu The electric equipment is located in a separate
adjacent building. The old original resistance
starters of the LLPumps have been replaced by
The old intake consists of 3 No. pipes equally autotransformer type starters. These together
spaced in terms of level, each provided with with the electric panels of the pontoon pumps
suction sieve, which are able to convey by gravity appear in good condition.
the raw water to the raw water concrete well. This
is actually the first time after a long period when, A dedicated transformer is installed in a dedicated
after the rainy season, the lowest of the room: HAWKER SIDDELEY/ South Wales, 11/0.4
abstraction pipes was operated. kV, 800 kVA.
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4.3 Headwork Stand by power plant: this is presently not in use.
The headwork is located at coordinates N 6° It includes:
41.065’, E 0° 18.754’, elevation 95masl. It includes 2 ea. diesel generating sets, DEUTZ/AVK Germany,
the following facilities: n=1000 rpm, S= 1200kVA. They are located in a
dedicated big room, together with auxiliary
4.4 Filters Block equipment; -2 No. vertical steel bulk diesel fuel
-8 No. gravity filters but only 6 No. are operational tanks, capacity 150 m3.
(2 No. were provided for extension and are not
filled with media). The filters are provided with 4.8 Clear Water Tank
control panels; the flow adjusting system is not It is a reinforced concrete, rectangular,
effective; all the valves and penstocks are underground structure; capacity 900m3. On its
pneumatic with manual override; some of the top, outdoors, an improvised HTH dosing (by
pneumatic actuators have been dismantled. gravity) system is provided.
Two electric compressors INGERSOL RAND of 4.9 High Lift Pumping Station
piston type – 2 stages, with receivers and The Ho group of pumps: 3 No. (2 + 1) HLPumps of
auxiliaries are provided for the actuation of the multistage type, installed horizontally, KSB- Klein
pneumatic actuators. The media appears caked. Schanzlin Becker/Germany, Q= 382m3/h, H=
The backwash is by means of water from a 263m, n=1470 rpm, motor LOHER/Germany,
backwash EWT and scour air from 2 No. scour air P=460 kW, U=3.3 kV. One of the pumps is
blowers of Roots type, 30 kW motors. Each filter dismantled; one pump was operated during the
is backwashed every second day. The backwash visit.
water tank is of reinforced concrete, conical type.
The Peki group of pumps: 3 No. (2 + 1) HLPumps
4.5 Chemical Preparation/Dosing Plant of multistage type, installed horizontally, Ingersol
-Chemical preparation/ dosing plant presently Dresser, Q= 141m3/h, H= 255m, n=2950 rpm,
includes: motor Alsthom, P=160 kW, U=415 V.
-2 No. lime steel preparation tanks with electric - Backwash EWT filling group of pumps: 2 No. (1 +
stirrers and 3 No. dosing pumps (2 No. out of them 1) pumps of end suction type, installed
are faulty). horizontally, KSB Etanorm/Germany, Q=
15.8m3/h, H= 35m, n=1455 rpm, motor Loher,
4.6 Chlorination Plant P=15 kW, U=415 V.
Storage room: the plant was initially provided with The no. of pumps operated in each of the 2 (main)
chlorine cylinders facilities; afterwards, the pumping directions is variable; however, during
system was shifted for the use of standard 2000 lb the present period, the following quantities are
drums, but no overhead crane was provided. pumped:
- Ho: about 7700 m3/day;
Chlorinators room: 3 No. Wallace& Tiernan are - Peki: about 1300 m3/day
presently defunct; 2 No. vertical motive pumps
are still present, in good order. All the piping and 4.10 Treated Water Transmission Main and
valves need to be replaced. Storage Facilities
This paragraph refers to the transmission main
4.7 Power Supply serving Ho town only; the transmission main
-1 No. transformer SOUTH WALES, 2000 kVA, serving Peki has been described at Peki water
11/3.3 kV; it supplies directly the Ho HLPS and supply system.
indirectly, by means of the second transformer, all The transmission main is a steel pipe DN400mm
the other consumers of the plant; conveying the treated water from the HLPS till the
1 ea. transformer GEC ALSTHOM, 630 kVA, 3.3/0.4 Bame reservoir (V=450m3) from which the water
kV; it supplies all the plant consumers with the gravitates to Ho.
exception of the Ho HLPS. From Bame reservoir, a DN500mm DI pipeline
conveys the water to the High Pressure Zone (HPZ)
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reservoir (V=910+455m3), with local branches to The distribution system of Peki has been extended
other 3 No. 45m3 EWTs; from HPZ reservoir, the to Todome, Adzokoe, Dafo/Tsibu, Wudome,
water gravitates through a DN250 AC line to Low Dzake with pipe sizes ranging form OD160mm to
Pressure Zone reservoir (LPZ- V=2,275m3). OD110 HPDE pipes with provision for standpipes
and house connection including the connection of
-Low Pressure Zone (LPZ) GLR; it is a rectangular, the existing 200m3 service tank
reinforced concrete underground structure,
located at coordinates N 6° 37.395’, E 0° 27.805’,
elevation 220 masl. The GLR has a capacity of
2,275 m3.
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5. CURRENT STATUS OF WATER SUPPLY
The existing Kpeve Water System and its current service areas are shown in Figure 3 below.
Figure 3: Sketch Map showing the existing system And its service areas
The existing system services two major consumer depressed, due to low production, lack of
areas and two minor consumer areas. The major rehabilitation of equipment and improvement
service areas are Ho Township and Peki area. The and extensions to the distribution system. For
minor service areas are the Taviefe-Tokokoe area example,
and Sokode area (refer to Figure 3). Ho is been supplied just about 50% of its existing
The installed capacity of the intake/ treatment demand of 15000 m3/day.
plant and transmission mains with associated In some service areas there is limited access to the
installations is 18,000 m3/day. However, the present supply from the existing system which has
current production is at 50% of the installed also been far outstripped by the growing demand
capacity, i.e. 9,000 m3/day. Ho is supplied with in the existing service area and resulting in a
7700 m3/day and Peki is supplied with 1300 significant proportion of the population
m3/day. depending on unsafe traditional sources.
Presently, potable water supply in the two major
towns, Ho and Peki and their environs are
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6. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT
6.1 Water Demand To Be Satisfied structure. The water will be transferred
from raw water intake structure to
An estimation of demand in drinking water of the treatment plant with carbon steel pipe.
populations targeted by the Project for 2030 is The capacity of each pump will be 450
presented in the Appendix 1. m3/h, 80 mwc.
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difficult-to-treat surface water, the coagulation point to aid in floc
groundwater, industrial process water, formation. This recycle flow also serves to
and tertiary wastewater. The multi-barrier maintain a steady-state solids
design of the Trident HS, which consists of concentration, minimizing variations in
package high-rate settling, adsorption influent solids concentration.
clarification, mixed media filtration and For plants incorporating enhanced
optional UV disinfection, is the latest coagulation, the tube clarification stage
improvement of the original Trident reduces influent solids concentration prior
system. to the Adsorption Clarifier® stage, leaving
Individually and collectively, the multiple the majority of coagulated particles in the
treatment stages of the new Trident HS tube settler clarifier. For cold water
system maintain superior effluent conditions, the tube clarifier provides
performance. The multi-barrier process of added detention time.
the Trident HS system is extremely well-
suited for: Stage 2 - Enhanced Clarification
Drinking water sources with: A buoyant adsorption media bed provides
• High turbidity and color second-stage clarification. The Adsorption
• “Flashy” rivers and streams Clarifier media further reduces solids prior
• High TOC/DBP precursors to filtration. Captured solids are
• Cold waters periodically flushed from the clarifier using
Tertiary treatment in: an air/water combination. Tube-clarified
• Water reclamation water is used for the flushing process.
• Phosphorus removal
Stage 3 - Mixed Media Filtration
Mixed media filtration removes the
remaining solids using a bed of anthracite,
sand, and high-density garnet supported
by a direct retention underdrain. For
improved filtration, the media surface
area per volume increases from top to
bottom and the backwashing process
Stage 1 - Chemical Conditioning / Tube incorporates simultaneous air/water
Settling backwashing and baffled wash troughs to
prevent media loss and assure clean
Before water enters the treatment unit, media.
coagulant and polymer are added to begin
the coagulation and flocculation process.
A sludge recycle flow is introduced near
The filter bed shall be cleaned in low and Miox on site generators shall be used in
high speed consecutive steps. The filter the project. MIOX is the leader in
bed is aerated and washed with air. electrolytic cell technologies providing
Firstly, the filter bed aerated and washed on-site generation of non-hazardous
with air. For this purpose, there are 3 (2 disinfectant to treat water in multiple
original + 1 spare) 360 m3/h-ea. blower market sectors. This is evidenced by
shall be used. The backwash of filter bed almost two dozen issued patents, and
and adsorption clarifier stages shall be over two dozen additional patents
performed by clean and raw water pending.
respectively. MIOX have the safest disinfectant
technology in the municipal water sector.
The backwashed water shall be collected The Sodium Hypochlorite technology is
in a chamber.
compliant with the US Environmental
All stages of the filtration system shall be
Protection Agency regulations, and is an
controlled automatically with the control
upgrade in safety over all other
of the pneumatically actuated valves by
disinfectants in the industry.
PLC system.
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With a nominal concentration of 0.7%, on-site generated Sodium Hypochlorite solution is a very
effective disinfectant and biocide. The design of the Sodium Hypochlorite technology may provide
a number of benefits including improved bacterial control, reduced capital and operating costs
compared to other disinfection methods.
The backwash water shall be discharged through the concrete discharge channels and collected in two
backwash water collecting chamber. The sludge shall be pumped to sedimentation tanks via submersible
sludge pumps. Sludge mixers shall be located in the tanks to prevent sedimentation. Polyelectrolyte added
muddy sludge shall be transferred drum filter. The thickened sludge is sent to sludge homogenization tank
by gravity. The sludge is pumped to decantors via sludge pumps.
The treated water will be pumped to Bame reservoir with multistage centrifugal pumps . There will be 4
(four) pumps; 3 in operation+ 1 in stand by in the system. The capacity of each pump shall be 450 m3/h,
260 mwc,
.
Kpeve water pumping and release station to Bame Reservoir with deliveries on route to
Kpeve Town;
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Extension of Transmission Lines from Bame to Kpeve, Have, Vakpo and Botoku including
nearby communities;
Table 6. Extension of Transmission Line Bame – Botoku
Communities Population to Average Water
Supply Demand
(2030) (2030, m3/day)
KPEVE NEWTOWN 3.402 136,1
GOVIEPE KOWU 761 30,5
WOADZE 1.959 78,4
AGATE 4.369 174,8
HAVE ETOE 6.043 435,1
HAVE ANDO NO.1 1.124 45,0
HAVE SADZIKORPE 329 13,2
HAVE ANDO NO.2 1.003 40,1
VAKPO ANETA 894 35,7
VAKPO JORDAN-NU 1.059 42,4
VAKPO TODZI 1.294 51,8
VAKPO 7.702 554,6
TSRUKPE-TOTA 2.408 96,3
BOTOKU 3.329 133,2
Extension of Transmission Lines from the Peki line at Tsibu to Dzemeni and communities
along the line.
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Table 8. Extension of Transmission Line Bame – Anyirawase
Communities Population to Average Water
Supply Demand
(2030) (2030, m3/day)
ANYIRAWASE 5.508 396,6
TSITO/AWUDOME 14.591 1.371,5
KWANTA AWUDOME 1.105 44,2
AVENUI 3.213 128,5
WUGBE SOKODE-GBOGAME 128 5,1
BAME 1.284 51,3
Upgraded extension from Bame to Sokode Gbogame, Abutia Teti, Kloe and Agorve.
Table10. Extension of Transmission Line Bame – Abutia Teti
Communities Population to Average Water
Supply (2030) Demand
(2030, m3/day)
ABUTIA-(TETI) 4.078 163,1
ABUTIA-AGOVE 2.322 92,9
ABUTIA-KLOE 4.850 194,0
SOKODE ETOE 2.572 102,9
SOKODE GBOGAME 4.940 197,6
SOKODE-BAGBLE 3.167 126,7
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Water reservoirs: (i) at the Kpeve Treatment plant, (ii) at the Bame (V=15000 m3), (iii) at the
Ho (V=10,000 m3) and the delivery point
Water storage for emergency and equalization of consumption over the day will be provided in
18 No. storage tanks of capacities ranging from 3No.V=300m3 at H=15m, 1 No.V=200m3 at
H=15m, 3 No V=100m3 at H=12m and 11 No.V=45m3,at H=12m,
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take into consideration water demand of In the second phase, the water will be
the 2 nd Phase Communities. distributed the below mentioned
communities in Table. The rehabilitation
6.3 Main Components of of existing water treatment of plant shall
be performed in this Phase.
Project Phase 2
Figure 5. PROPOSED EXPANSIONS TO KPEVE WATER SYSTEM IN 1ST & 2ND PHASES
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Appendix 1: Population and Population Projection
Project Population Aggregate per capita Total Average Demand Peak Daily Demand Max Hourly Demand
No. Community Comm. Category Peak Daily Factor Max Hourly Factor
2015 (l/c/d) (m 3/day) (m3/day) (m3/h)
Project Population Aggregate per capita Total Average Demand Peak Daily Demand Max Hourly Demand
No. Community Comm. Category Peak Daily Factor Max Hourly Factor
2020 (l/c/d) (m 3/day) (m3/day) (m3/h)
Project Population Aggregate per capita Total Average Demand Peak Daily Demand Max Hourly Demand
No. Community Comm. Category Peak Daily Factor Max Hourly Factor
2025 (l/c/d) (m 3/day) (m3/day) (m3/h)
Project Population Aggregate per capita Total Average Demand Peak Daily Demand Max Hourly Demand
No. Community Comm. Category Peak Daily Factor Max Hourly Factor
2030 (l/c/d) (m 3/day) (m3/day) (m3/h)
4-3 OD450mm m 0 -
Appendix 2: BILL OF QUANTITIES
US $
Item No. Description Unit Qty.
Rate Amount
4-4 OD400mm m 0 -
4-5 OD315mm m 0 -
4-6 OD280mm m 0 -
4-7 OD225mm m 250 375 93.750,00
4-8 OD 160 mm m 4000 232 928.000,00
4-9 OD 110 mm m 5000 175 875.000,00
4-10 OD 75 mm m 6000 135 810.000,00
TOTAL_2015 11.802.574,00
1. SITE INSTALLATION
1-5 Survey for identification and relocation of existing utilities LS 1 350.000,0 350.000,0
1-6 Site surveys and investigations for connection to existing facilities LS 1 650.000,0 650.000,0
Sub-total I 7.850.000,0
2. Water Source
2-1.3 Pump suction and discharge lines, collectors, valves, all instruments LS 1
3-4 Fiberoptic Line from Water Treatment Plant to Bame Reservoir km 5 56.000,0 280.000,0
Pump Room LS 1
Horizontal multistage pump (Treatment group), Q=15m3/h,
nr 2
H=210m,P=18,5kW
Pump suction and discharge lines, collectors, valves, all instruments LS 1
Monorail LS 1
Electrical works LS 1
3-8 Peki Tseme Water Transmission Line Lifting Station LS 1 924.350,0 924.350,0
Pump suction and discharge lines, collectors, valves, all instruments LS 1 0,0
Monorail LS 1 0,0
4. Storage
4-1 Construction of new steel EWT of Braithwaite type, V=200m3, H=15m LS 2 1.380.000,0 2.760.000,0
4-2 Construction of new steel EWT of Braithwaite type, V=300m3, H=15m LS 1 1.420.000,0 1.420.000,0
4-3 Construction of new steel EWT of Braithwaite type, V=45m3, H=12m LS 3 155.000,0 465.000,0
4-4 Construction of new steel EWT of Braithwaite type, V=100m3, H=12m LS 2 455.000,0 910.000,0
4-5 Construction of new steel EWT of Braithwaite type, V=200m3, H=12m LS 0 1.320.000,0 0,0
4-6 Construction of new steel EWT of Braithwaite type, V=300m3, H=12m unit 0 1.365.000,0 0,0
4-7 Flowmeter DN150, PN16 installed on the outlet of each EWT nr 8 9.065,0 72.520,0
4-15 Q=300-100l/min and H=85-70m with all acessories unit 0 179.200,0 0,0
Sub-Total IV 8.679.520,0
5. Distribution System
Supply and laying of spirally welded steel pipes of butt weld type,
including excavation of trench, providing and joining all pipeline
5-1 DN600 609x8 mm m 19.300,00 980,0 18.914.000,0
5-31 Flanged manual gate valve DN 250, PN16 including cover box. nr 6,00 3.330,0 19.980,0
Sub-total 5 78.742.771,0
TOTAL_2025 148.840.241,0
Appendix 2: BILL OF QUANTITIES
KPEVE WATER SUPPLY PROJECT
Summary of cost for Option II - 2030
US $
No. Description Unit Qty.
Rate Amount