ENZYMES

INTRODUCTION
French chemist Anselme Payen was the
first to discover an enzyme, diastase, in
1833.
 DEFINITION
• Enzymes are protein molecules in cells which
work as catalysts. Enzymes speed up
biochemical reactions like Digestion and
Respiration etc in the body, but do not get
used up in the process. Almost all biochemical
reactions in living things need enzymes. With
an enzyme, chemical reactions go much faster
than they would without the enzyme.
 EXAMPLE
18 k cal/mole of H2O2 is the activation
energy needed to decompose H2O2 in to H2O
+ 1/2O2 in the absence of catalyst this value
is lowered down to 13 k cal/mole in
presence of iron and 12 k cal/mole in the
presence of platinum where as enzyme
CATALASE obtained from liver, reduces this
energy to 5 k cal/mole
• ACTIVE SITE, is the region of an enzyme where
substrate molecule bind an undergo a chemical
reaction.
• SUBSTRATE, is a molecule upon which an enzyme
acts.
• ENZYME-SUBSTRATE COMPLEX, is the
intermediate formed when a substrate molecule
interacts with the active site of an enzyme.
• In chemistry, a product is a substance that is
formed as the result of a chemical reaction
FACTORS AFFECTING THE RATE
• TEMPERATURE
• PH
• SUBSTRATE CONCENTRATION
• ENZYME CONCENTRATION