Now that you have an understanding of synthesizing a speech, and synthesizing is

where you have

focused on the organization of the speech, I want to encourage you to do something
as
you prepare that speech.
And that is to prepare using a very solid outline.
I emphasize outlining in speeches because, believe it or not, outlines allow you to
capture
carefully your thoughts, and put them in a logical order so that when you give that
speech,
you basically will see that outline before you as you speak.
So I want you to think about some principles of outlining that I think are
important as
you prepare the information for your presentation.
There is a text entitled The Project Text for Public Speaking, in which
researchers,
Carlyle and Daniel, shared some principles of outlining.
And I want to share three of those principles with you.
One of the principles is the principle of subordination.
Now what does subordination mean?
Subordination simply means that you isolate main points and subordinate points in
the
outline.
Your main points may be identified by Roman numerals, Roman numeral number one,
Roman
numeral number two, Roman numeral number three.
That would capture in the body of your presentation the main points of your
presentation.
Then there are subordinate points.
And the subordinate points may be captured using A, B, and C to capture the points
that
would fall to support those main points.
So keep that in mind the principle of subordination, where I can clearly see based
on the symbols
that I use, what the main points are, but I can also see the subordinate points
that
fall up under the main point.
Second would be the principle of division.
I find this one very interesting, because they argue that wherever there is a one,
there
should be a two.
Whenever there is an A, there should always be a B. The argument is that you will
have
a minimum of two points for any main point that you give, but I would even argue
for
any speech that you give.
Your main point or your main topic is the idea of what you're talking about, public
speaking.
But if you look at my main points in this course, my main points remain, number
one,
how to prepare speech, two, how to deliver a speech, and three, how to evaluate a
speech.
So preparing, delivering, evaluation, those are the three main points.
But under each of those points, here are subordinate points.
What these researchers would argue is that you need a minimum of two points for
every
speech, a minimum of two points for every main point that you have within the
speech.
Then third there is the principle of parallelism.
Now the principle of parallelism is simply that if I look at your outline laid out
on
a sheet of paper, that outline has equality amongst the points that you have.
If you have two main points in that presentation, then each point is about equally
balanced.
So when you think about the principle of parallelism, think about balance within
that speech, that
you want to spend about maybe three minutes on that first main point, but you're
going
to spend an equal amount of time on the second main point.
So think balance when you think about outlining in that way.
So these are just a few nuggets that I hope you can use as you think about
outlining your
presentation.
I will provide for you some sample outlines that you can review and consider as you
prepare
your own outline for the presentations you choose to give.