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Python CALENDAR Tutorial with Example

Calendar module in Python has the calendar class that allows the calculations for
various task based on date, month, and year. On top of it, the TextCalendar and
HTMLCalendar class in Python allows you to edit the calendar and use as per your
requirement.

Let see what we can do with Python Calendar.

Step1) Run the code.

Python CALENDAR Tutorial with Example

Code Line # 1: We begin with "import calendar" which will import all the
classes of this module.
Code Line # 3: c= calendar.TextCalendar(calendar.SUNDAY) tells the interpreter
to create a text calendar. Start of the month will be Sunday. In Python, you can
format the calendar as you can change the day of the month to begin with
Code Line # 4: str= c.formatmonth(2025,1) We are creating calendar for the year
2025, Month 1 – January
Code Line # 5: print str will print the output.

Let's quickly change the value from Sunday to Thursday and check the output

Python CALENDAR Tutorial with Example

Step 2) You can also print out the Calendar in HTML format, this feature is helpful
for developer if they want to make any changes in the look and feel of calendar

Python CALENDAR Tutorial with Example

Step 3) Loops over the days of a month by using c.itermonthday (2025,4), it will
fetch the total number of days for that month.

Python CALENDAR Tutorial with Example

When you execute the code to get the total number of days for a specific month
say "April" then you will get 30 days in the output but you will also see some
zeros along with these days at the beginning and sometimes at the end of it.
Zeros in the output mean that the day of the week is in an overlapping month,
which means it does not belong to that month.
These zeros appears in output because, in your code you have mentioned day
(Thursday), so when you call function "c.itermonthdays", it will start counting
days from Thursday and your Thursday may not start with date 1st of April it might
be 28th or 29th of March, so when you execute the code it will start counting days
from 28th of march and any days after that till 1st of April. These days will be
counted as zero and in the output you will see these zeroes and same is applicable
to the end of the month.
So except date 1-30 all the dates from previous as well as post month will
appear in the output as zeroes.

Step 4) You can fetch the data from the local system, like months or weekdays, etc

Python CALENDAR Tutorial with Example

The output over here shows that we have printed out the months name from the
local system. Likewise, you can also fetch the weekdays name as shown below
The output will depend on the local system, suppose if your local system is
some other countries then it will give the output as per the local settings of that
country. Here we have months so it won't be a difference but if it is a week or
day, it will certainly differ.

Python CALENDAR Tutorial with Example

Step 5) You can fetch the list of the specific day for a whole year. For example,
there is an audit day on every first Monday of a week. You want to know the date of
first Monday for each month. You can use this code

Python CALENDAR Tutorial with Example

mycal = calendar.monthcalendar(2025, month) will create calendar for the month

Set variables week1 and week2 to the First and second week of the calendar
Check if Week 1 contains Monday, set audit day
Else set audit day as the first Monday in week 2
The output shows the date for the first Monday that falls in that month.
The length of this Cal object is going to be a certain length, based on how
many weeks there in the month. In our case, it's going to be one or two as such
first Monday of the week will be in the first week most often but if not then
consider the second week. Let see in detail why we also consider the second week.
Here we are using the calendar's constant Monday, the calendar object gives you
constants that represent Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, so on, so forth. We've seen these
previously. So, if in week one the day represented by the Monday constant is not
equal to 0, remember zeros means days that belong to another month. So, in this
case, if it's zero, it's going to be a Monday that belongs to the previous month.
But if the first Monday is not equal to 0, that means that my audit day will be
within the week one. Otherwise, if that is 0, then the first Monday isn't in the
first week of the month, it's gotta be in the second.
So, then I say okay, set my audit day variable to be the Monday represented by
Week two. So, audit day is going to come back with whatever the day is for either
the first or second week.

Here is the complete code

Python 2 Example

import calendar
# Create a plain text calendar
c = calendar.TextCalendar(calendar.THURSDAY)
str = c.formatmonth(2025, 1, 0, 0)
print str

# Create an HTML formatted calendar

hc = calendar.HTMLCalendar(calendar.THURSDAY)
str = hc.formatmonth(2025, 1)
print str
# loop over the days of a month
# zeroes indicate that the day of the week is in a next month or overlapping month
for i in c.itermonthdays(2025, 4):
print i

# The calendar can give info based on local such a names of days and months
(full and abbreviated forms)
for name in calendar.month_name:
print name
for day in calendar.day_name:
print day
# calculate days based on a rule: For instance an audit day on the second
Monday of every month
# Figure out what days that would be for each month, we can use the script as
shown here
for month in range(1, 13):
# It retrieves a list of weeks that represent the month
mycal = calendar.monthcalendar(2025, month)
# The first MONDAY has to be within the first two weeks
week1 = mycal[1]
week2 = mycal[2]
if week1[calendar.MONDAY] != 0:
auditday = week1[calendar.MONDAY]
else:
# if the first MONDAY isn't in the first week, it must be in the second
week
auditday = week2[calendar.MONDAY]
print "%10s %2d" % (calendar.month_name[month], auditday)

Python 3 Example

import calendar
# Create a plain text calendar
c = calendar.TextCalendar(calendar.THURSDAY)
str = c.formatmonth(2025, 1, 0, 0)
print(str)

# Create an HTML formatted calendar

hc = calendar.HTMLCalendar(calendar.THURSDAY)
str = hc.formatmonth(2025, 1)
print(str)
# loop over the days of a month
# zeroes indicate that the day of the week is in a next month or overlapping month
for i in c.itermonthdays(2025, 4):
print(i)

# The calendar can give info based on local such a names of days and months
(full and abbreviated forms)
for name in calendar.month_name:
print(name)
for day in calendar.day_name:
print(day)
# calculate days based on a rule: For instance an audit day on the second
Monday of every month
# Figure out what days that would be for each month, we can use the script as
shown here
for month in range(1, 13):
 # It retrieves a list of weeks that represent the month
mycal = calendar.monthcalendar(2025, month)
# The first MONDAY has to be within the first two weeks
week1 = mycal[1]
week2 = mycal[2]
if week1[calendar.MONDAY] != 0:
auditday = week1[calendar.MONDAY]
else:
# if the first MONDAY isn't in the first week, it must be in the second
week
auditday = week2[calendar.MONDAY]
print("%10s %2d" % (calendar.month_name[month], auditday))

Summary:

In Python, you can format the calendar the way you want as you can change the
day of the month to begin
Print out the Calendar in HTML format
Fetch the data from the local system, like months or weekdays
Fetch the list of the specific day for a whole year

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