Ec 2015-1 PDF

Downloaded From : www.EasyEngineering.
net
GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC

2015-1
General Aptitude
Q. 1 - Q. 5 Carry one mark each.

et
Q. 1
Educe
.n
Choose the word most similar in meaning to the given word:
(A) Exert
ng (B) Educate
(C) Extract
ri (D) Extend
Sol. 1
Q. 2
ee
Correct option is (C).
If log x ^ 75 h =− 13 , then the value of x is
(A) 343 in (B) 125

125
(C) - 25
ng 343
(D) - 49
Sol. 2
49
ye
Correct option is (A).
25
as log x b 5 l =− 1
7 3
b 7 l = ^x 3 h
.E
5 −1
or
w x 1/3 = b 7 l
5
w
Hence, x = b 7 l = 343
5
3
125
Q. 3 w
Operators 4, G and " are defined by: a4b = a − b ; aZb = a + b ; a " b = ab.
Find the value (6646) " (66Z6).
a+b a−b
(A) - 2
(B) - 1
(C) 1
(D) 2
Sol. 3 Correct option is (C).
^66 4 6h " ^66G6h
= 66 − 6 # 66 + 6 = 1
66 + 6 66 − 6
Q. 4 Choose the most appropriate word form the options given below to complete the
following sentence.
The principal presented the chief guest with a _______, as token of appreciation.
(A) momento (B) memento
(C) momentum (D) moment
Sol. 4 Correct option is (B).
Downloaded From : www.EasyEngineering.net

GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC 2015-1
et
n
Q. 5 Choose the appropriate word/phrase, out of the four options given below, to
Frogs _______.
g.
complete the following sentence:
(A) Croak
in
(B) Roar
(C) Hiss
er
(D) Patter
ne
Sol. 5
gi
en
Q. 6 - Q. 10 Carry two marks each.
Q. 6
sy
A cube of side 3 units is formed using a set of smaller cubes of side 1 unit. Find
a
the proportion of the number of faces of the smaller cubes visible to those which
.E
are NOT visible.
(A) 1 : 4
(B) 1 : 3
(C) 1 : 2 w et
(D) 2 : 3w .n
Sol. 6 w
Correct option is (C).
ng
i
Consider the cube of side 1 unit shown below.
r
ee
in
ng
ye
Now, a set of similar cubes as shown above is joint to form a cube of side 3 units,
as
we have to determine the ratio of faces of smaller cubes visible to those which
are not visible . Complete surface area of the cube of side 3 units determined as
.E A = 6 # ^3h2
= 54
w
Again, the area of one face of cube of side 1 unit is
w A1 = ^1 h2 = 1
w
So, the total number of visible faces is
N visible = A = 54
A1
Again, total number of smaller cubes required to form the big cube is
Number of smaller cubes = volume of cube of side 3 unit
volume of cube of side 1 unit
^3h3
= = 27
^1 h3
So, the total number of faces of smaller cubes is given as
N total = 6 # (number of smaller cubes)
= 6 # 27 = 162
*Maximum Dis
et
n
Therefore number of invisible faces is
g. N invisible = N total − N visible

= 162 − 54 = 108
in
Hence, the desired ratio is
er N visible = 54 = 1 or 1:2
N invisible 108 2
Q. 7
ne
Fill in the missing value
gi
en
sy
a
Sol. 7
.E
Correct answer is 3.
t
w e
In the given problem, the numbers appearing in the centre line is average of the
w n
sum of numbers appearing on left and right to the numbers. This is shown in
figure below.
w g.
in
er
ne
gi
en
sy
a
Hence, the unknown number is given by
.E
3+3 = 3
2
Q. 8
w
Humpty Dumpty sits on a wall every day while having lunch. The wall sometimes
breaks. A person sitting on the wall falls if the wall beaks.
w
Which one of the statements below is logically valid and can be inferred from the
w
above sentences ?
(A) Humpty Dumpty always falls while having lunch
(B) Humpty Dumpty does not fall sometimes while having lunch
(C) Humpty Dumpty never falls during dinner
(D) When Humpty Dumpty does not sit on the wall, the wall does not break.
Q. 9 The following question presents a sentence, part of which is underlined. Beneath
the sentence you find four ways of phrasing the underline part. Following the
requirements of the standard written English, select the answer that produces the
most effective sentence.

Tuberculosis, together with its effects, ranks one of the leading causes of death
in India.
(A) ranks as one of the leading causes of death
(B) rank as one of the leading causes of death
(C) has the rank of one of the leading causes of death
(D) are one of the leading causes of death
Sol. 9 Correct option is (A).
Q. 10 Read the following paragraph and choose the correct statement.
Climate change has reduced human security and threatened human well being.
An ignored reality of human progress is that human security largely depends upon
environmental security. But on the contrary, human progress seems contradictory
to environmental security. To keep up both at the required level is a challenge to
be addressed by one and all. One of the ways to curb the climate change may be
suitable scientific innovations, while the other may be the Gandhian perspective
on small scale progress with focus on sustainability.
(A) Human progress and security are positively associated with environmental
security.
(B) Human progress is contradictory to environmental security.
(C) Human security is contradictory to environmental security.
(D) Human progress depends upon environmental security.
END OF THE QUESTION PAPER
*Maximum Dis
Electronics & Communication Engineering
Q. 1 - Q. 25 Carry one mark each.

Q. 1 A region of negative differential resistance is observed in the current voltage
characteristics of a silicon PN junction if
(A) Both the P-region and N-region are heavily doped
(B) The N-region is heavily doped compared to the P-region
(C) The P-region is heavily doped compared to the N-region
(D) An intrinsic silicon region is inserted between the P-region and the N-region
In case of Tunnel diode formed by PN junction, tunnel diode gives negative
resistance and works in forward bias, and in tunnel diode both N and P regions
are heavily doped.
Q. 2 A silicon sample is uniformly doped with donor type impurities with a concentration
of 1016/cm3. The electron and hole mobilities in the sample are 1200 cm2/V-s
and 400 cm2/V-s respectively. Assume complete ionization of impurities. The
charge of an electron is 1.6 # 10-19 C. The resistivity of the sample (in Ω -cm)
is_______.
Sol. 2 Correct answer is 0.5208 .
Since, we know
Resistivity ^ρ h = 1
conductivity (σ)
Given doped with donor type impurities i.e. n -type. So, conductivity will be given
by
σN = eµ n N D
where e = 1.6 # 10−19 C (charge on an electron)
16 3
ND = 10 /cm (given)
2
µn = 1200 cm /V − s (given)
−19 16
Therefore, σN = 1.6 # 10 # 1200 # 10
= 1.92
Hence, ρ = 1
σN
= 1 = .5208 Ω−cm
1.92
Q. 3 A unity negative feedback system has the open-loop transfer function
G (s) = s (s + 1K)(s + 3) . The value of the gain K (>0) at which the root locus crosses
the imaginary axis is _______.
Sol. 3 Correct answer is 12.
G ^s h = K
s ^s + 1h^s + 3h

C.L.T.F (close loop transfer function) is

G ^s h
1 + G ^s h H ^s h
= (for negative feedback)
G ^s h
[H ^s h = 1]
1 + G ^s h
=
K
s ^s + 1h^s + 3h + K
=
So, characteristic equation is

s ^s + 1h^s + 3h + K = 0
s3 + 4s2 + 3s + K = 0
Now, we obtain the Routh array as
s3 1 3
2
s 4 K
s1 b K - 12 l
-4
0
s K
Row of s1 to be zero for oscillatory response or for poles to be on imaginary axis.
So, we have
K - 12 = 0
-4
or K = 12
This is the value of gain at which root locus crosses the imaginary axis.
Q. 4 Suppose A and B are two independent events with probabilities P (A) ! 0 and
P (B) ! 0 . Let A and B be their complements. Which one of the following
statements is FALSE?
(A) P (A + B) = P (A) P (B)
(B) P ^ BA h = P (A)
(C) P (A , B) = P (A) + P (B)
(D) P (A + B ) = P (A) P (B )
A and B are two independent events with probabilities,
P Â ! 0h and P ^B ! 0h
Now, we check the given options.
(A) P Â + B h = P ÂhP ^B h TRUE
[By the rule of two independent events]
P Â + B h P ÂhP ^B h
P Â # B h = = P Âh
P ^B h P ^B h
(B) = TRUE
(C) P Â , B h = P Âh + P ^B h − P Â + B h
= P Âh + P ^B h − P ÂhP ^B h False
(D) P Â + B h = P Â h P ^B h TRUE
Note: Since A and B are independent, therefore A and B will also be independent.
*Maximum Dis
Q. 5 The waveform of a periodic signal x (t) is shown in the figure.
A signal g (t) is defined by g (t) = x ^ t −2 1 h. The average power of g (t) is_____.

x b t - 1 l = x b 1 ^t − 1hl
2 2
So, we first scale x ^ t h by 2 , and then shift the result by 1 unit right. The resulting
1
waveform is obtained as
Now, average power is given by

Pav . = 1 g ^ t h dt
#
2
T T
We have the magnitude of waveform g ^ t h as shown below.

Taking the sample period − 3 < t < 3 , we obtain

Pav. = 1 g ^ t h dt
3
6 −3 # 2
Pav. = 1 g ^ t h dt
3
6 #
−3
2
= 1 < b − 3 t + 3 l dt + b 23 t − 23 l dtF
1 2 3 2
#
6 −1 2 2 #1
= 3 < ^1 − t h2 dt + ^t − 1h2 dtF

1 3
8 −1 # #
1
^1 − t h ^t − 1h
+; E4
3 1 3 3
= 3 *<− F
8 3 −1
3 1
= 3&8 + 80
8 3 3
= 2.
Q. 6 In the network shown in the figure, all resistors are identical with R = 300Ω. The
resistance Rab (in Ω) of the network is________.

The equivalent resistance across terminal a -b is obtained by solving the circuit as
*Maximum Dis
2015-1
. i n
c o
a .
d i
n o
.
w
w
w
©
. i n
c o
a .
Rab = R
d i
o
Hence,
3
. n
= 300 Ω = 100 Ω
3
Q. 7
w
Consider a system of linear equations :
w
x − 2y + 3z =− 1
w
x − 3y + 4z = 1
− 2x + 4y − 6z = k
Sol. 7 ©
The value of k for which the system has infinitely many solutions is______.
Correct answer is 2.
Given equations
x − 2y + 3z =− 1
x − 3y + 4z = 1
− 2x + 4y − 6z = k
Now, we represent the system as
Ax = b
R 1 − 2 3V R− 1V
S W S W
where A = S 1 − 3 4W, b = S 1 W
S− 2 4 − 6W Sk W
T X T X

2015-1
For infinitely many solution, we must have

R 1 − 2 3 − 1V
S W
A augmented = A aug = S 1 − 3 4 1 W < Rank of A < N
S− 2 4 6 k W
^RAug = RAh < ^n = 3, number of columnsh
T X
n
or
. i
R V
S 1 − 2 3 − 1W
o
Now, A aug = S 1 − 3 4 1W R2 " 2R2 + R 3 , R 3 " 2R1 + R 3
c
S− 2 4 − 6 kW
RT1 − 2 3 − 1VX
S W
a .
i
= S0 − 2 2 2 + k W
d
S0 0 0 k − 2W
o
For k = 2 , we have T X
(Rank of Aug of Rank A = 2 ) < ^n = 3h
. n
Hence, the system has many solutions for k = 2 .
Q. 8
w
The polar plot of the transfer function G (s) = 10s(+s +101) for # ω < 3 will be in the
(A) first quadrant
w (B) second quadrant
w
(C) third quadrant (D) fourth quadrant
©
Given transfer function,
10 ^s + 1h
G ^s h = 0#ω#3
n
s + 10
or G ^ jωh =
10 ^ jw + 1h 10 − jw
10 + jw # 10 − jw
. i (Put s = jω )
10 ^10jw + 10 + w2 − jwh
c o
.
=
100 + w2
= 10
i
^9jw + ^10 + w2hh
a
d
100 + w2
G ^ jωh = 61 + j0@
o
For ω = 0 , 1st quadrant
n
For ω = 3, G ^ jωh = lim 10j c 9ω 2 m + 10 c 10 + ω 2 m
2
ω"3
.
100 + ω 100 + ω
= 10 + 0j
w 1st quadrant
w
Hence, the polar plot of transfer function is in the first quadrant.
w
Q. 9 Let z = x + iy be a complex variable. Consider that contour integration is
performed along the unit circle in anticlockwise direction. Which one of the
©
following statements is NOT TRUE?
(A) The residue of z -z 1 at z = 1 is 12
2
(B) #
C
2
z dz = 0
(C) 1 # z1 dz = 1
2πi C
(D) z (complex conjugate of z ) is an analytical function

Sol. 9 Correct option is (D).
The complex variable is defined as
z = x + iy ,
where contour in unit circle in a clockwise direction. Now, we check the given
options
*Maximum Dis
f ^z h = z
^z + 1h^z − 1h
(A)
Residue = 1 lim d n − 1 ^z − 1hn f ^z h

n−1
n! z " 1 dz
= lim ^z − 1h z =1
^z + 1h^z − 1h 2
n = 1, TRUE
z"1
(B) # z dz
2
=0 TRUE
(By cauchy’s integral theorem; z2 is analytical in the given contour.)
(C) 1
2πi z # 2pi ^ h
1 dz = 1 2pi f 0
=1 TRUE
(D) This is only remaining option, hence FALSE. It can be proved as well,
z = x − iy = u + iv u = x , v =− y
For analyticity, ux = vy and uy =− vx
1 !- 1 0 =− 0
Hence z is NOT analytical.
Q. 10 t (t)(2pfc t) where m
Consider the signal s (t) = m (t) cos (2pfc t) + m t (t) denotes the
Hilbert transform of m (t) and the bandwidth of m (t) is very small compared to
fc . The signal s (t) is a
(A) high-pass signal
(B) low-pass signal
(C) band-pass signal
(D) double side-band suppressed carrier signal
We have the signal,
s ^ t h = m (t) cos (2pfc t) + m
t (t) sin (2pfc t)
Here, s ^ t h represents SSB - Lower side band, and thus a band pass signal.
Q. 11 For the circuit with ideal diodes shown in the figure, the shape of the output (Vout
) for the given sine wave input (Vin ) will be

2015-1
For positive half A1 , we have
. i n
c o
a .
d i
o
So, Vout =− Vin
. n
For negative half A2 , both diode will be OFF. So,
Vout = 0
w
Hence, the output is obtained as
w
w
Q. 12
©
The result of the convolution x (- t) * δ (- t - t 0) is
(A) x (t + t 0)
n
(B) x (t - t 0)
(C) x (− t + t 0)
. i
o
(D) x (- t - t 0)
. c
a
From the convolution property,
i
x ^ t h * δ ^t - t 0h = x ^t − t 0h
d
o
Now, we replace t by - t to obtain
. n
x ^- t h * δ ^- t - t 0h = x ^− t − t 0h
R1V R4 1 2V
w
S W S W
Q. 13 The value of p such that the vector S2W is an eigenvector of the matrix S p 2 1 W
w
is S3W S14 - 4 10W
w
T X T X
For eigen vector X and matrix 6A@, we define
© AX = λX
From give problem, we have
R V R 4 1 2V
S1W S W
X = S2W A = S p 2 1W
S3W S14 − 4 10W
X
Substituting it in equation, weTget T X
R 4 1 2V R1V R V
S W S W S1W
S p 2 1W S2W = λ S2W
S14 - 4 10W S3W S3W
3#3 3#1
T X T X T X
R 12 V R V
S W Sl W
or Sp + 7W = S2lW
S 36 W S W
3#1
S3lW
T X T X
*Maximum Dis
If λ = 12 , 3λ = 36 , and hence we obtain

p + 7 = 2λ
or p = 24 − 7
or p = 17
Q. 14 In the given circuit, the values of V1 and V2 respectively are
(A) 5 V, 25 V (B) 10 V, 30 V
(C) 15 V, 35 V (D) 0 V, 20 V
Given circuit is
By Nodal analysis
V2 - V1 = V1 + V1 + 2I
4 4 4
V2 - V1 = 5 (V1 /4 = I , or V1 = 4I )
4
V2 - V1 = 20
V2 = 20 + V1
V2 = 20 + 4I b 5 = I + I + 2I, or I = 54 l
Since, V1 = 4I = 5 V
Hence, V2 = 20 + 5 = 25 V
Q. 15 In an 8085 microprocessor, the shift registers which store the result of an addition
and the overflow bit are, respectively
(A) B and F (B) A and F
(C) H and F (D) A and C
The shift registers A and F store the result of an addition and the overflow bit.
Q. 16 Negative feedback in a closed-loop control system DOES NOT
(A) reduce the overall gain
(B) reduce bandwidth
(C) improve disturbance rejection
(D) reduce sensitivity to parameter variation
Negative feedback in closed-loop control system does not reduce bandwidth.

Q. 17 A 16 Kb ( = 16, 384 bit) memory array is designed as a square with an aspect

ratio of one (number of rows is equal to the number of columns). The minimum
number of address lines needed for the row decoder is______.
Memory chip = (Number of rows) # (Number of columns)
= M#N
The number of address line required per row decoder is n , where
M = 2n or n = log 2 M
Given M = N ,
M # N = M # M = M 2 = 16 K
or M2 = 2 4 # 210
or M = 128
Hence, N =7
Q. 18 A function f (x) = 1 − x2 + x3 is defined in the closed interval [- 1, 1]. The value of
x , in the open interval (- 1, 1) for which the mean value theorem is satisfied, is
(A) - 1 (B) - 1
2 3
(C) 1 (D) 1
3 2
Lagrange’s mean value theorem states that if a function f ^x h is continuous in
close interval 6a, b@ and differentiable in open interval â, b h, then for point c in
the interval, we may define
f ^b h − f â h
f l^c h =
b−a
Now, we have
f ^x h = 1 − x2 + x3
Since, polynomial function is always continuous and differentiable, so
f ^1 h − f ^− 1h
f l^x h =
1 − ^− 1h
=1
or − 2x + 3x2 = 1
or 3x2 - 2x - 1 = 0
or x = 1, - 1
3
Hence, x =− 1 , as - 1 d ^- 1, 1h
3 3
Q. 19 The electric field component of a plane wave traveling in a lossless dielectric
medium is given by Ey (z, t) = aty 2 cos _108 t − z2 i V/m. The wavelength (in m) for
the wave is______.
Sol. 19 Correct answer is 8.8858.
E ^z, t h = aty 2 cos b108 t − z l V/m
2
Comparing with the general form,
E ^z, t h = aty A cos ^ωt − βz h V/m
we get
β = 1
2
*Maximum Dis
Since, β = 2π = 1
λ 2
So, λ = 2#π# 2
= 8.885765
Q. 20 In the circuit shown, the switch SW is thrown from position A to position B at
time t = 0 . The energy (in µJ ) taken from the 3 V source to charge the 0.1 µ F
capacitor from 0 V to 3 V is

For the given circuit, we have
So, E = 1 CV 2
2
= 1 # .1 # 10−6 # 3 # 3 = 0.45 µJ
2
Q. 21 In the circuit shown below, the Zener diode is ideal and the Zener voltage is 6 V.
The output voltage V0 (in volts) is______.

We have the circuit,

Firstly, open zener diode and calculate VA .
VA = 5 V
So, VA < VZ
Hence, diode remain open and
VA = 5 V = V0
Q. 22 Consider a four bit D to A converter. The analog value corresponding to digital
signals of values 0000 and 0001 are 0 V and 0.0625 V respectively. The analog
value (in Volts) corresponding to the digital signal 1111 is______.
Sol. 22 Correct option is 0.9375.
n = number of bit = 4
Analog output = (Decimal equivalent of input) # (Resolution)
0000 " 0 V
0001 " 0.0625 V = Resolution as decimal equivalent = 1
1111 " ?
Analog output = ^Decimal equivalenth # ^Resolutionh
= ^15h^.0625h
= .9375
Q. 23 In the circuit shown, at resonance, the amplitude of the sinusoidal voltage (in
Volts) across the capacitor is_______.

For the quality factor Q , we have the voltage across capacitor and inductor as
VC = QV and VL = QV , ω 0 = 1
LC
At resonance,
Q = ω0L = 1 L
R R C
= 10 .1 mH = 10 = 2.5
4 1.0 µF 4
Hence, we obtain
VC = QV
= 2.5 # 10
= 25 volts
*Maximum Dis
Q. 24 A sinusoidal signal of 2 kHz frequency is applied to a delta modulator. The

sampling rate and step-size T of the delta modulator are 20,000 samples per
second and 0.1 V, respectively. To prevent slope overload, the maximum amplitude
of the sinusoidal signal (in Volts) is
(A) 1 (B) 1
2π π
(C) 2 (D) π
π
For preventing slope overload, we should have
(slope of m ^ t h) # (slope of sampling)
For sinusoidal signal, if
Vinput = Am sin ^ω m t h
m input = b dV l = Am ω m
input
dt max
Am ω m # T =
step size
= TFs
tr sampling interval
Am 2π ^2 # 103h # 2 # 10 4 # .1
Am # 1
2π
Q. 25 Consider a straight, infinitely long, current carrying conductor lying on the z-axis.
Which one of the following plots (in linear scale) qualitatively represents the
dependence of H φ on r , where H φ is the magnitude of the azimuthal component
of magnetic field outside the conductor and r is the radial distance from the
conductor ?

We know that for a straight, infinitely, long current carrying conductor,
Hφ = 1 r " distance from the current element
2πr
So, Hφ \ 1
r

Q. 26 - Q. 55 Carry two marks each.

Q. 26 The input X to the Binary Symmetric Channel (BSC) shown in the figure is ‘1’
with probability 0.8. The cross-over probability is 71 . If the received bit Y = 0 , the
conditional probability that ‘1’ was transmitted is______.

We have the Binary symmetric channel as shown below.
Here, P 6X = 0@ = 0.2
P 6X = 1@ = 0.8
According to Baye’s theorem,
= P ^ YX == 01 h P ^X = 1h
Pb
Y = 0 l P ^ YX == 01 h P ^X = 1h + P ^ YX == 01 h P ^X = 1h
X 1 =
^ 7 h^.8h
1
^ 7 h^.8h + ^ 7 h^.2h
= 1 6 = 0.4
Q. 27 The transmitted signal in a GSM system is of 200 kHz bandwidth and 8 users
share a common bandwidth using TDMA. If at a given time 12 users are talking
in a cell, the total bandwidth of the signal received by the base station of the cell
will be at least (in kHz) ______.
Given width of a channel in GSM system
Wchannel = 200 kHz.
Since, 8 users share the channel so, width assigned per unit is
Wuser = 200 = 25 kHz.
8
Now, 12 users are talking in a cell. So, the minimum number of channels in the
cell is obtained as
*Maximum Dis
N channel > 12 # Wuser

Wchannel
N channel > 12 # 25
200
or N channel = 2
Hence, the bandwidth of the cell is
Wcell = N channel # Wchannel
= 2 # 200
= 400 kHz.
Q. 28 For the discrete-time system shown in the figure, the poles of the system transfer
function are located at
(A) 2, 3 (B) 1 , 3
2
(C) 1 , 1 (D) 2, 1
2 3 3
We have the discrete time system as shown in figure below.
The circuit is minimized as

So, we obtain
H ^z h = 6 6
6 b1 − z l + ^z h ^6 − 5z h + z
=
5 −1 −1 −1 −1
6
= 2 6
6z − 5z + 1
Hence, poles are at
z = 1, 1
2 3
Q. 29 The circuit shown in the figure has an ideal opamp. The oscillation frequency and
the condition to sustain the oscillations, respectively, are
(A) 1 and R1 = R2 (B) 1 and R1 = 4R2

CR CR
(C) 1 and R1 = R2 (D) 1 and R1 = 4R2
2CR 2CR
Given op-amp circuit is
By virtual ground property, we write

V- = Vout b
R1 + R 2 l
R2 = V+
V+ V+ V − Vout
+ + + =0
_ i
or 1
jω2C
R 2R + 1
jω C
jw C V jwC
V+ c jw2C + 1 +
R 2jwCR + 1 m 2jwCR + 1
or = out
jw C 2jwCR + 1
c R 1 + 2jwCR mc m
Vout = jw2C + 1 +
V+ jw C
*Maximum Dis
jw2CR ^1 + 2jgwCRh + ^1 + 2jwCRh + jwCR ^2jwCR + 1h

=> H
R ^1 + 2jwCR h jw C
^− j h
= 2 ^1 + 2jwCRh + +3
wCR
We equate imaginary part to zero, i.e.
4wCR - 1 = 0
wCR
^2ωCRh2 = 1
1
ω = (Oscillation frequency)
2CR
The condition to sustain the oscillation is
Aβ = 1
where A " open loop gain
β " feedback gain
Here, A = Vout = 1 + R1 (gain of non-inverting opamp)
Vin R2
V
and β = +
Vout
1 = Vout
β V+
At oscillation,
ω = 1 ,
2CR
Vout = 1 = 5 = A
V+ β
So, A = 1 + R1 = 5
R2
or R1 = 4
R2
Hence, R1 = 4R2
Q. 30 A source emits bit 0 with probability 1/3 and bit 1 with probability 2/3. The
emitted bits are communicated to the receiver. The receiver decides for either 0 or
1 based on the received value R. It is given that the conditional density functions
of R are as
1, −3 # x # 1 1, − 1 # x # 5
fR/0 (r) = * 4 and f R/1 (r) = * 6
0, otherwise 0, otherwise
The minimum decision error probability is
(A) 0 (B) 1
12
(C) 1 (D) 1
9 6
Given the conditional density function of R as
1 −3 < r < 1
f R/0 ^r h = * 4
0 otherwise

1, − 1 < r < 5
f R/1 ^r h = * 6
0, otherwise
Decision error probability that receiver decides 0 for a transmitted bit 1 is
f R/1 ^r = 0h = 1
6
Again, the decision error probability that receiver decides 1 for a transmitted bit
0 is
f R/0 ^r = 1h = 1
4
Hence, the minimum decision error probability is
f R/1 ^r = 0h = 1
6
Q. 31 For a silicon diode with long P and N regions, the accepter and donor impurity
concentrations are 1 # 1017 cm-3 and 1 # 1015 cm-3 , respectively. The lifetimes
of electrons in P region and holes in N region are both 100 µs. The electron and
hole diffusion coefficients are 49 cm2/s and 36 cm2/s, respectively. Assume kT/q
= 26 mV, the intrinsic carrier concentration is 1 # 1010 cm-3 and q = 1.6 # 10−19
C. When a forward voltage of 208 mV is applied across the diode, the hole current
density (in nA/cm2) injected from P region to N regions is ______.
Sol. 31 Correct answer is 28.6
Given
Acceptor concentration, NA = 1 # 1017 cm−3
Donor concentration, ND = 1 # 1015 cm−3
Lifetime, τ n = τ p = 100µs = 10−4 sec.
Electron diffusion coefficient, Dn = 49 cm2 /s
Hole diffusion coefficient, D p = 36 cm2 /s
Intrinsic carrier concentration, ni = 1 # 1010 cm−3
Applied forward voltage, Va = 208 mV
The hole current density injected from P region to N region is given by
exp d eva n − 1G
eD p pno
Lp =
Jp = (1)
kT
Now, we obtain the hole concentration in n -region as
2
pno = ni
ND
20
= 1 # 1015 = 105 cm−3
1 # 10
and Lp = Dp τ p
= 36 # 10−4
= 6 # 10−2 cm
Substituting the values in equation (1), we get
^1.6 # 10−19h^36h^105h
;exp b 208 l − 1E
^6 # 10 h
Jp = −2 26
= 2.86 # 10−8 A/cm2
= 28.6 nA/cm2
*Maximum Dis
Q. 32 For the NMOSFET in the circuit shown, the threshold voltage is Vth , where
Vth > 0 . The source voltage Vss is varied from 0 to VDD . Neglecting the channel
length modulation, the drain current ID as a function Vss is represented by

Given NMOSFET circuit is
We have the following conditions

VGS - VTh > 0 (FET to be ON)
VGS - VTh # 0 (FET is OFF)
VDD - VSS - VTh # 0 (FET is OFF)
Since it is in saturation, current ID is given by
^VGS − VTh h2
ID = µ n cos b l
W
L 2
^VDD − VSS − VTh h 2
or ID = µ n cos bW l
L 2
Thus, ID -VSS graph shows Parabolic relation for VSS < VDD − VTh and zero for
VSS > VDD − VTh . Only graph shown in option (A) satisfies this result.

Q. 33 In the system shown in figure (a), m (t) is a low-pass signal with bandwidth W
Hz. The frequency response of the band-pass filter H (f) is shown in figure (b). If
it is desired that the output signal z (t) = 10x (t), the maximum value of W (in
Hz) should be strictly less than ______.

We have the input signal,
x ^ t h = m ^ t h cos ^2400πt h
= m ^ t h cos ^ωt h
and ω = 2400 πrad . 1200 Hz
So, y ^ t h = 10x ^ t h + x2 ^ t h
= 10m ^ t h cos ^2400pt h + m2 ^ t h cos2 ^2400pt h
cos ^2wt h + 1
= 10m ^ t h cos ^wt h + m2 ^ t h; E
2
m2 ^ t h m2 ^ t h cos ^2ωt h
= + 10m ^ t h cos ^ωt h +
S
2 1 444 2 444 3 1 444 2 2
+ve frequency 6ω − W, ω + W @ 444 3
62ω − 2W, 2ω + 2W @
Ranges
6− θ, 2W @
From the frequency plot, we conclude the following results.

Result 1 ω - W > 700
1200 - W > 700
W < 500
Result 2 ω + W < 1700
1200 + W < 1700
W < 500
Result 3 ω - W > 2W
1200 > 3W
*Maximum Dis
W < 400
Result 4 2ω - 2W > 1700
2400 - 1700 > 2W
2W < 700
W < 350
Thus, the above conclusions result in
W < 350
Q. 34 In the circuit shown, I1 = 80 mA and I2 = 4 mA. Transistors T1 and T2 are
identical. Assume that the thermal voltage VT is 26 mV at 27°C. At 50°C, the
value of the voltage V12 = V1 − V2 (in mV) is ______.

Given circuit is
Current in the circuit is given by

I2 = 4 mA = Is eV /ηV
BE T
or I2 = 4 mA = Is eV /ηV
2 T
Again, I1 = 80 mA = Is eV /ηV
BE T
= Is eV /ηV
BE T
= Is eV /ηV
1 T
So, I1 = eVη−VV
1 2
I2
T
Since, VT = 26 mV at 27cC or 300 K

So, VT at ( 50cC ) = 26 mV b 50 + 273 l − 27.993 mV
300

Hence, we obtain
V1 - V2 = ηVT ln 20
= 1 # 27.993 # ln 20
or V1 - V2 = 83.859
Q. 35 The electric field intensity of a plane wave traveling in free space is give by the
following expression
E (x, t) = ay 24π cos (ωt − k 0 x) (V/m)
In this field, consider a square area 10 # 10 cm on a plane x + y = 1. The total
time-averaged power (in mW) passing through the square area is ______.
Sol. 35 Correct answer is 53 to 54.
Q. 36 The maximum area (in square units) of a rectangle whose vertices lie on the
ellipse x2 + 4y2 = 1 is _______.
Let x and y be the length and breadth of the rectangle as shown in figure below.
For the given ellipse, we have

x 2 + 4y 2 = 1
or x 2 = 1 − 4y 2 (1)
Area of rectangle is
A = 4xy
Now, we have to determine the point of maxima, so we consider
z = A2 = 16x2 y2
When z will be maximum, A will also be maximum. So we determine point of
maxima for z as
z = 16x2 y2
= 16y2 ^1 − 4y2h
For maxima, dz = 0
dy
2y - ^4h^4h y3 = 0
2y ^1 - 8y2h = 0
So, y =! 1 ^y ! 0h
8
^ h^ h y =
2
Again, d z = 2 − 16 3 y2
1
dy2 8
2 - 16 # 3 # 1 < 0
8
-4 < 0
*Maximum Dis
2
Therefore, z is maximum at y = 1 as d z2 <0
8 dx y= 1
8
A max = 4xy = 1 b1 − 4 l = 4 = 1
1/2
Hence,
8 8 4
Note: Point of maxima can also be evaluated by directly differentiating A. But is

may lead to tedious calculation.
Q. 37 In the given circuit, the maximum power (in Watts) that can be transferred to
the load RL is _______.

We have the circuit,
Thevenin equivalent of the circuit is obtained as

2 2j 2 − 2j
Zth = 2 || 2j = # #
2 + 2j 2 − 2j
8j + 8
= = 1+j
8
2j 8j ^2 − 2j h
^2 + 2j h ^2 − 2j h
So, VTh^rmsh = 4 # = #
2 + 2j
8^
2 − 2j h = 2 + 2j
8j
=
= 2 2 45c
For maximum power,

RL = ZTh = 2Ω
2 2 45c
So, Pmax = I 2 RL = # 2
j + 2
= 1.649 W

Q. 38 A lead compensator network includes a parallel combination of R and C in the

feed-forward path. If the transfer function of the compensator is Gc (s) = ss ++ 42 , the
value of RC is _______.
Given transfer function is
Gc ^s h = s + 2 = 1 = 12
1
s+1
s + 4 2 4 s + 1G
(1)
For load compensator, RC circuit is shown below.
From the circuit, we have the transfer function

G ^ s h = τs + 1
βτs + 1
where τ = RC
So, 1 = RC [Comparing with equation (1)]
2
Hence, RC = 0.5 .
Q. 39 A MOSFET in saturation has a drain current of 1 mA for VDS = 0.5 V. If the
channel length modulation coefficient is 0.05 V-1 , the output resistance (in kΩ )
of the MOSFET is _______.
Given ID = 1 mA
VDS = 0.5 V
λ = 0.05 V−1 (channel length modulation factor)
Since, ID = IDsat ^1 + λVDS h
Dsat ^λ h
So, dID = I
dVDS
Hence, Rout = 1 = 1
λIDsat 0.05 # 10−3
= 20 kΩ
Q. 40 The built-in potential of an abrupt p-n junction is 0.75 V. If its junction
capacitance (CJ ) at a reverse bias (VR ) of 1.25 V is 5pF, the value of CJ (in pF)
when VR = 7.25 V is_______.
Given Vbi = 0.75 = built in potential
Since CJ = ε r
W
or CJ = er
2e r ^Vbi + VRh Na + Nd 1/2
) e b Na Nd l3
*Maximum Dis
or CJ \ 1
Vbi + VR
So, we may write
5 pF .75 V + 7.25 = 8
=
CJ2 .75 V + 1.25 V 2
Hence, CJ2 = 2.5 pF .
Q. 41 In the circuit shown, assume that the opamp is ideal. The bridge output voltage
V0 (in mV) for δ = 0.05 is _______.

Given op-amp circuit is redrawn as
For ideal op-amp, we have

V1 = 1 V
Since, no current flows towards negative terminal of op-amp. So, we have
I1 + I 2 = 0
Therefore, we obtain
I1 =− I2 =− V1
50
=− 1
50
This current is equally divided into two branches of the bridge. So, we have
V3 = V2 − 250 ^1 + δ h I1
2
and V4 = V2 − 250 ^1 − δ h I1
2
Hence, the bridge output voltage is
V0 = V3 − V4
= :V2 − 250 ^1 + d h I1 D − :V2 − 250 ^1 − d h I1 D
2 2

=− 500δ I1
2
=− 250 ^0.05hb − 1 l
50
= 0.25 V = 250 mV
Q. 42 The damping ratio of a series RLC circuit can be expressed as
2
(A) R C (B) 22L
2L RC
(C) R C (D) 2 L
2 L R C
Damping ratio is given by
ε = 1 (for series RLC circuit)
2Q
where Q = ω0L = 1 b L l = 1 L
R LC R R C
So, ε=R C
2 L
Q. 43 In the circuit shown, switch SW is closed at t = 0 . Assuming zero initial conditions,
the value of vc (t) (in Volts) at t = 1 sec is_______.

For the given circuit, we have
Initially, capacitor oppose any voltage change across it and thus will act as short
circuit, so
Vc ^ t h t = 0 = 0
+
At t = 3,
*Maximum Dis
After getting fully changed, capacitor will act as open circuit So,
Vc ^ t h t = 3 = 2 # 10 = 4 V
2+3
Therefore, Vc ^ t h = Vc ^3h − 6Vc ^3h − Vc ^0 h@e−t/τ
= 4 ^1 − e− τ h
t
where τ = Req C = R thevein C = ^3112h # 65 = 65 # 56 = 1

Hence, Vc ^ t h = 4 ^1 − e−t h
At t = 1, Vc ^ t h t = 1 = 2.5284 V
Q. 44 Consider a uniform plane wave with amplitude (E 0 ) of 10 V/m and 1.1 GHz
frequency travelling in air, and incident normally on a dielectric medium with
complex relative permittivity ( ε r ) and permeability ( µ r ) as shown in the figure.
The magnitude of the transmitted electric field component (in V/m) after it has
travelled a distance of 10 cm inside the dielectric region is _______.
Electromagnetic wave travels from air medium to dielectric medium. In both the
medium,
σ =0
So, electric field of EM wave is defined as
E i = E i0 e − β z
1
and E t = E t 0 e− β z
2
Also, we have
E t 0 = 2h 2
Ei 0 h 2 + h1
2 µ 2 /ε 2
=
µ 2 / ε 2 + µ 1 /ε 1
For air medium, we have
µ1 = µ 0 , e1 = e 0
and for dielectric medium
µ 2 = µr µ0 , e 2 = e r e 0
So, we get
Et 0 = 2 µ r /ε r
Ei 0 µ r /ε r + 1
= 2
1+1 ^µ r = 1 − j 2, ε r = 1 − j 2h
=1
Since, we have
Ei0 = 10 V/m

and f = 1.1 GHz = 1.1 # 109 Hz.

So, we obtain
Et 0 = E i 0
= 10 V/m
In dielectric medium, phase constant is
β2 = ω r ε
= 2π ^1.1 # 109h
µr εr
3 # 108
= 22π ^1 − j 2h2
3
= 22π ^1 − j 2h
3
Therefore, the electric field at any distance z from the interface is obtained as
Et ^z h = Et 0 e−jβ z
2
^1 − j 2hz
j 22π
= 10e− 3
= 810e− 3 zB e− 3 z
44p j 22p
Hence, the magnitude of electric field at z = 10 cm is

Et ^z = 0.1 mh = 10e−
44π 0.1
3 #
4.4π
= 10e− 3
= 1 V/m
Q. 45 A vector Pv is given by Pv = x3 y2 avz . Which one of the following statements is
TRUE?
(A) Pv is solenoidal, but not irrotational
(B) Pv is irrotational, but not solenoidal
(C) Pv is neither solenoidal nor irrotational
(D) Pv is both solenoidal and irrotational
Given vector,
Pv = x3 yatx − x2 y2 aty − x2 yzatz
If divergence d : Pv = 0 , then vector Pv is solenoidal. So, we obtain
2P
d : Pv = 2Px + y + 2Pz
2x 2y 2z
= 3x2 y − 2x2 y − x2 y
=0
Hence, it is solenoidal.
Again, if curl d # Pv = 0 , then Pv is irrotational. So, we obtain
atx aty atz
v
d # P = 2x 2 2 2
2y 2z
x3 y − x2 y2 − x2 yz
2^− x2 yz h 2^− x2 y2h 2^− x2 yz h 2^x3 y h
== − G atx − aty ; − E
2y 2z 2x 2z
2^− x2 y2h 2^x3 y h
+ az = − G
2x 2y
*Maximum Dis
= atx ^− x2 z − 0h − aty 6− 2xyz − 0@ + atz 6− 2xy2 − x3@

= ^− x2 z h atx + ^2xyz h aty − ^2xy2h atz ! 0
Hence, it is not irrotational.
Q. 46 All the logic gates shown in the figure have a propagation delay of 20 ns. Let
A = C = 0 and B = 1 until time t = 0 . At t = 0 , all the inputs flip (i.e., A = C = 1
and B = 0 ) and remain in that state. For t > 0 , output Z = 1 for a duration (in
ns) of

Given logic circuit is
At t = 0− , A = C = 0, B = 1
Z = AB 5 C
Z = 050 = 0
At t = 3, A = C = 1, B = 0
Z = AB 5 C
Z = 151 = 0
So, we obtain the output pulses as
Hence, Z = 1 for the duration of 40 ns.

Q. 47 A plant transfer function is given as G (s) = ^KP + Ks h s (s 1+ 2) . When the plant

I
operates in a unity feedback configuration, the condition for the stability of the
closed loop system is
(A) KP > KI > 0 (B) 2KI > KP > 0
2
(C) 2KI < KP (D) 2KI > KP
Given plant transfer function,
G ^s h = :KP + KI D; 1 E
s s ^s + 1h
P + KI
= sK
s2 ^s + 1h
So, closed loop transfer function is
T.F. = G = 2 sKP + KI
1+G s ^s + 2h + sKP + KI
Therefore, characteristics equation is
s2 ^s + 2h + sKP + KI = s3 + 2s2 + sKP + KI
For stability, we form the Routh array.
s3 1 KP
2
s 2 KI
1 K I - 2K P
s
-2
s0 KI
For stability, we must have

KI > 0 and KI - 2KP > 0 (Routh stability criteria)
-2
KI > 0 and KI - 2KP < 0
KI > 0 and KP > KI
2
Hence, KP > KI > 0
2
Q. 48 A 3-input majority gate is defined by the logic function M (a, b, c) = ab + bc + ca.
Which one of the following gates is represented by the function
M (M (a, b, c), M (a, b, c ), c) ?
(A) 3-input NAND gate
(B) 3-input XOR gate
(C) 3-input NOR gate
(D) 3-input XNOR gate
3 input majority gate is given as
M â, b, c h = ab + bc + ca
We have to obtain M ^M â, b, c h, M â, b, c h, c h
Let P = M â, b, c h = ab + bc + ca
= ab : bc : ca (by DeMorgan’s Law)
= â + b h : ^b + c h : ^c + a h
*Maximum Dis
= â b + a c # b + b c h^c + a h
= ^b # a c h^c + a h
= b c+b a+a c+a c
= b c+b a+a c
Q = M â, b, c h = ab + bc + ca
and R =C
M ^P, Q, Rh = PQ + QR + RP
So, = M ^b c + b a + a c, ab + bc + ca, c h
= ^b c + b a + a c hâb + bc + ca h + âb + bc + ca h c
+ c ^b c + b a + a c h
= b ca + abc + abc + b ac
We obtain truth table for the function as
a b c M
0 0 0 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 1
1 0 1 0
1 1 0 0
1 1 1 1
So, the function is odd number of 1’s detector. This function represent the 3-input
XOR gate.
Q. 49 The longitudinal component of the magnetic field inside an air-filled rectangular
waveguide made of a perfect electric conductor is given by the following expression
Hz (x, y, z, t) = 0.1 cos (25πx) cos (30.3πy) cos (12π # 109 t − βz)(A/m)
The cross-sectional dimensions of the waveguide are given as a = 0.08 m and
b = 0.033 m. The mode of propagation inside the waveguide is
(A) TM12
(B) TM21
(C) TE21
(D) TE12
We have the expression,
Hz ^x, y, z, t h = 0.1 cos ^25πx h cos ^30.3πy h cos ^12π # 109 t − βz h A/m
and the cross sectional dimension is
a = 0.08 m , b = 0.033 m
Now, we compare the equation for TEm, n mode whose Hz is given as
Hz ^x, y, z, t h = H 0 cos a mπx k cos a
b k ^
cos ωt − βz h A/m
nπ y
a
So, mπx = 25πx
a

2015-1
or m =2
nπ y
and = 30.3yπ
b
or n =1
n
Hence, given mode is TE21 mode.
Q. 50
. i
The open-loop transfer function of a plant in a unity feedback configuration is
2
c o
given as G (s) = (s +K8()(s +s 4−) 9) . The value of the gain K (> 0) for which − 1 + j2 lies on
.
the root locus is _______.
a
Correct answer is 25.5
i
Sol. 50
d
Given open loop transfer function,
K ^s + 4h
G ^s h =
o
^s + 8h^s2 − 9h
n
"
and K >0
.
w
If the point ^− 1 + j2h lies on the locus, then by the magnitude criteria
w G ^s h H ^s h s =− 1 + j2 = 1
or
^ w K ^− 1 + j2 + 4h
h^− 1 + j2 + 3h^− 1 + j2 − 3h
=1
©
− 1 + j2 + 8
K ^3 + 2j h
^ h^2 + 2j h^− 4 + j2h
or =1
7 + j2
n
K 13
i
or =1
.
53 8 20
o
Hence, K = 25.5403
Q. 51
RAV R1 1 1 VW RSa VW
. c
Two sequences [a , b, c ] and [A, B , C ] are related as.
i a
S W S 2π
SBW = S1 W 3−1 W 3−2WSb W where W3 = e j 3
d
SC W S1 W −2 W −4W Sc W
o
3 3
T X T XT X
n
If another sequence [p, q , r ] is derived as,
.
RpV R1 1 1 V R1 0 0 V RA/3V
S W S WS WS W
w
Sq W = S1 W 31 W 32WS0 W 32 0 WSB/3W
Sr W S1 W 2 W 4W S0 0 W 4W SC/3W
w
3 3 3
T X T XT XT X
then the relationship between the sequences [p, q , r ] and [a , b, c ] is
w
(A) [p, q , r ] = [b, a , c ]
©
(B) [p, q , r ] = [b, c , a ]
(C) [p, q , r ] = [c , a , b]
(D) [p, q , r ] = [c , b, a ]
Given relation is
RAV R1 1 1VW RSa VW
S W S
SBW = S1 W 3−1 W 3−2W Sb W
SC W S1 W −2 W −4W Sc W
TSX T1 444 2 444 3X TSX
3 3
P D Q
Comparing it with the DFT concept of taking fourier transform by matrix form.
We may calculate that here we are taking the 3 order DFT of 6a b c@T whose
*Maximum Dis
2015-1
transformed output is 6A B C @T . So,

P = DQ (DFT)
or Q = D−1 P = 1 D * P & IDFT
3
R V
n
Ra V
S W 1 S1 1 1W RSAWV
or
i
Q = Sb W = S1 ^W 3−1h* ^W 3−2h*W SBW
.
Sc W 3 SS1 ^W −2h* ^W −4h*WW SC W
(1)
o
3 3
Again, we have
c
T X T XT X
.
RpV R VR VR V
S W 1 S1 1 1 1 2WS1 0 2 0 WSAW
i a
Sq W = S1 W 3 W 3 WS0 W 3 0 WSBW
Sr W 3 S1 W 2 W 4WS0 0 W 4WSC W
d
3 3 3
o
TR XV RT 2
X
VT
4 R V
XT X
SpW 1 S1 W 33 W 36WSAW
. n
Sq W = S1 W 3 W 3 WSBW
Sr W 3 SS1 W 4 W 8WWSC W
(2)
w
3 3
T X T XT X
W3 = e = cos ^120ch + j sin ^120ch =
j 2π −1 + j 3
w
So, 3
2
w
Again, we consider the equation (1),
Ra V R 1 VWRSAVW
S W 1 S1 1
©
Sb W = S1 ^W 3−1h* ^W 3−2h*WSBW
Sc W 3 S1 W −2 * W −4 WSC W
^ 3 h ^ 3 h
RTa VX RT VR V XT X
S W 1 S1 1−2 1−4WSAW
or Sb W = S1 w w WSBW
Sc W 3 SS1 w−4 w −6WWSC W
. i n
o
3
TR XV RT VXRT VX
c
a
S W 1 S1 1 1 WSAW
.
or Sb W = S1 w w WSBW −1
Sc W 3 SS1 w−1 w WWSC W

T X
i a
T cube roots XT Xof unity is given as
d
Since, the relation between
o
1 + w + w2 = 0 ; w3 = 1
n
2
w = w ; w = w
1 1
.
2
w = w2 ; w 2 = w
w
So, we solve the matrix equation as
Ra V R VR V
w
S W 1 S1 1 1−1WSAW
Sb W = S1 w w WSBW
w
Sc W 3 SS1 w−1 w WWSC W
T X T T X
(2),X
©
Again, we consider the equation
RpV R V
S W 1 S1 w
−1
w WRSAVW
Sq W = S1 1 1 WSBW
Sr W 3 SS1 w w−1WWSC W
In above equation,T we X apply T elementary XT X row operation as
R1 * R 2
RpV R VR V
S W 1 S1 1 −1 1 WSAW
Sq W = S1 w w WSBW
Sr W 3 SS1 w w−1WWSC W
T X T XT X
Again, R2 * R3

2015-1
RpV R VR V
S W 1 S1 1 1 WSAW
Sq W = S1 w w WSBW
−1
Sr W 3 SS1 w−1 w WWSC W

T X T XT X
Hence, we can conclude that
8p q r B = 8c a bB
8q r pB = 8a b cB
. i n
o
or
. c
d2 y dy
Q. 52 The solution of the differential equation 2 + 2 + y = 0 with y (0) = yl (0) = 1
dt
a
dt
is
(A) (2 - t) et
d i
o
(B) (1 + 2t) e−t
n
(C) (2 + t) e−t
(D) (1 - 2t) et
.
w
w
We have the differential equation,
w
d 2y dy
+2 +y = 0
dt2 dt
and
©
y ^0 h = yl^0 h = 1
Given equation is linear constant coefficient differential equation. Let
d =D
n
dt
So, D2 + 2D + 1 =0
. i
or ^D + 1h2 =0
c o
.
or D =− 1, - 1
Therefore, y^t h
y ^0 h
= ^C1 + C2 t h e−t
ia
d
For t = 0 , = 1 = C1
yl^ t h = C2 e−t + ^C1 + C2 t h^− e−t h
o
Again,
n
yl^0 h
.
For t = 0 , = 1 = C2 − C2
or C 2 = 1 + C1 = 2
Hence,
w
y ^ t h = ^1 + 2t h e−t
Q. 53
w
The pole-zero diagram of a causal and stable discrete-time system is shown in
w
the figure. The zero at the origin has multiplicity 4. The impulse response of the
system is h [n]. If h [0] = 1, we can conclude
*Maximum Dis
et
n
(A) h [ n] is real for all n
(B)
(C)
h [ n]
h [ n]
is
is g.purely imaginary for all n
real for only even n
(D) h [ n]
i
isn purely imaginary for only odd n
Sol. 53
er
e
Given pole-zero diagram of causal and discrete time system,
n
gi
en
sy
a
.E t
w e
w .n
From the pole-zero plot, we obtain the transfer function as
w H ^z h = g Kz 4
^z − 0.5 + j 0.5h^z − 0.5 − j 0.5h^z + 0.5 + j 0.5h^z + 0.5 − j 0.5h
n
r
=i Kz 4
8^z − 0.5h2 − j 2 ^0.5h2B8^z + 0.5h2 − j 2 ^0.5h2B
ee Kz 4
^z − z + 0.5h^z2 + z + 0.5h
= 2
in = 2 Kz 2
4
ng ^z + 0.5h − z2
= 4 Kz 2
4
ye z + ^0.5h
= K −4
as 1+z
4
It’s inverse z -transform will be a real function. Thus, h 6n@ is real for all n .
.E
Which one of the following graphs describes the function f (x) = e−x (x2 + x + 1) ?
w
Q. 54
w
w


et
n
g.
f ^x h = e−x ^x2 + x + 1h
f l^x h =− e−x ^x2 + x + 1h + e−x ^2x + 1h
in
= e−x 6− x2 − x − 1 + 2x + 1@
er = e−x 6− x2 + x @
= ê−x h^x h^1 − x h
e
f l^x h = 0 , x = 0 , 1
n
i
This condition is satisfied by the graph shown in option (B).
g
Q. 55
en
The Boolean expression F (X, Y, Z) = XYZ + XY Z + XYZ + XYZ converted into
the canonical product of sum (POS) form is
sy
(A) (X + Y + Z)(X + Y + Z ) (X + Y + Z ) (X + Y + Z )
(B) (X + Y + Z)(X + Y + Z ) (X + Y + Z)(X + Y + Z )
a
(C) (X + Y + Z)(X + Y + Z ) (X + Y + Z)(X + Y + Z )
.E
(D) (X + Y + Z ) (X + Y + Z)(X + Y + Z)(X + Y + Z)
t
Sol. 55
w
e
We have the SOP Boolean form,
w n
F ^x, y, z h = xyz + xy z + xyz + xyz
.
w ng
ri
ee
in
So,
ng F = Σm ^2, 4, 6, 7h
ye
as
.E
w
w
Hence, in POS form, we have
w F = ^x + y + z h^x + y + z h^x + y + z h^x + y + z h
= Πm ^0, 1, 3, 5h
END OF THE QUESTION PAPER
*Maximum Dis
et
.n ANSWER KEY
ng General Aptitude
1 2 3
ri 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
e
(C) (A) (C) (B) (A) (C) (3) (B) (A) (B)
ne Electronics & Communication

1 2 3
gi 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
n
(A) (0.5208) (12) (C) (2) (100) (2) (A) (D) (C)
11
(C)
12
(D)
13
ye
(17)
14
(A)
15
(B)
16
(B)
17
(7)
18
(B)
19
(8.8858)
20
(C)
21
(5)
22
(0.9375) as
23
(25)
24
(A)
25
(C)
26
(0.4)
27
(400)
28
(C)
29
(D)
30
(D)
31 32
.E 33 34
t
35 36 37 38 39 40
(28.6) (A)
w (350)
e
(83.8) (53-54) (1) (1.649) (0.5) (20) (2.5)
41 42
w 43 44
.n 45 46 47 48 49 50
w
(250) (C) (2.5284) (1) (A) (40) (A) (B) (C) (25.5)
51 52 53
ng
54 55
(C) (B) (A)
ri(B) (A)
ee
in
ng
ye
as
.E
w
w
w

Ec 2015-1 PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Ec 2015-1 PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Downloaded From : www.EasyEngineering.

GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC

Q. 1 - Q. 5 Carry one mark each.

(A) 343 in (B) 125

Downloaded From : www.EasyEngineering.net

GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC 2015-1

GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC 2015-1

g. N invisible = N total − N visible

Downloaded From : www.EasyEngineering.net

GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC 2015-1

END OF THE QUESTION PAPER

GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC 2015-1

Electronics & Communication Engineering

Q. 1 - Q. 25 Carry one mark each.

Downloaded From : www.EasyEngineering.net

GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC 2015-1

C.L.T.F (close loop transfer function) is

So, characteristic equation is

GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC 2015-1

Q. 5 The waveform of a periodic signal x (t) is shown in the figure.

A signal g (t) is defined by g (t) = x ^ t −2 1 h. The average power of g (t) is_____.

Now, average power is given by

Downloaded From : www.EasyEngineering.net

GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC 2015-1

Taking the sample period − 3 < t < 3 , we obtain

= 3 < ^1 − t h2 dt + ^t − 1h2 dtF

Sol. 6 Correct answer is 100.

Downloaded From : www.EasyEngineering.net

For infinitely many solution, we must have

(D) z (complex conjugate of z ) is an analytical function

GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC 2015-1

Residue = 1 lim d n − 1 ^z − 1hn f ^z h

Sol. 11 Correct option is (C).

Downloaded From : www.EasyEngineering.net

For positive half A1 , we have

GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC 2015-1

If λ = 12 , 3λ = 36 , and hence we obtain

Downloaded From : www.EasyEngineering.net

GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC 2015-1

Q. 17 A 16 Kb ( = 16, 384 bit) memory array is designed as a square with an aspect

GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC 2015-1

Sol. 20 Correct option is (C).

Sol. 21 Correct answer is 5.

Downloaded From : www.EasyEngineering.net

GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC 2015-1

Firstly, open zener diode and calculate VA .

Sol. 23 Correct answer is 25.

GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC 2015-1

Q. 24 A sinusoidal signal of 2 kHz frequency is applied to a delta modulator. The

Sol. 25 Correct option is (C).

Downloaded From : www.EasyEngineering.net

GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC 2015-1

Q. 26 - Q. 55 Carry two marks each.

Sol. 26 Correct answer is 0.4.

GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC 2015-1

N channel > 12 # Wuser

The circuit is minimized as

Downloaded From : www.EasyEngineering.net

GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC 2015-1

(A) 1 and R1 = R2 (B) 1 and R1 = 4R2

By virtual ground property, we write

GATE SOLVED PAPER - EC 2015-1

jw2CR ^1 + 2jgwCRh + ^1 + 2jwCRh + jwCR ^2jwCR + 1h