TCPIP Source

1.1.
1 서버 프로그램
< 소스 hello_server.c>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#define PORT 9000
char buffer[BUFSIZ] = "hello, world";
main( )
int c_socket, s_socket;
struct sockaddr_in s_addr, c_addr;
int len;
int n;
s_socket = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
memset(&s_addr, 0, sizeof(s_addr));
s_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
s_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
s_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
if(bind(s_socket, (struct sockaddr *) &s_addr, sizeof(s_addr)) == -1) {
printf("Can not Bind\n");
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return -1;
if(listen(s_socket, 5) == -1) {
printf("listen Fail\n");
return -1;
while(1) {
len = sizeof(c_addr);
c_socket = accept(s_socket, (struct sockaddr *) &c_addr, &len);
n = strlen(buffer);
write(c_socket, buffer, n);
close(c_socket);
close(s_socket);
</ 소스 >
1.1.2 클라이언트 프로그램
< 소스 hello_client.c>
#include <stdio.h>
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#define PORT 9000
#define IPADDR "127.0.0.1"
main( )
int c_socket;
struct sockaddr_in c_addr;
int len;
int n;
char rcvBuffer[BUFSIZ];
c_socket = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
memset(&c_addr, 0, sizeof(c_addr));
c_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(IPADDR);
c_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
c_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
if(connect(c_socket, (struct sockaddr *) &c_addr, sizeof(c_addr))==-1) {
printf("Can not connect\n");
close(c_socket);
return -1;
if((n = read(c_socket, rcvBuffer, sizeof(rcvBuffer))) < 0) {
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return (-1);
rcvBuffer[n] = '\0';
printf("received Data : %s\n", rcvBuffer);
close(c_socket);
</ 소스 >
1.2 텔넷으로 웹 서버에 접속하기
< 소스 HelloClientDlg.h>
// HelloClientDlg.h : 헤더 파일
#pragma once
#include "afxwin.h"
// CHelloClientDlg 대화 상자
class CHelloClientDlg : public CDialog
// 생성입니다 .
public:
CHelloClientDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL);// 표준 생성자입니다 .
// 대화 상자 데이터입니다 .
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enum { IDD = IDD_HELLOCLIENT_DIALOG };
protected:
virtual void DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX);// DDX/DDV 지원입니다 .
// 구현입니다 .
protected:
HICON m_hIcon;
// 생성된 메시지 맵 함수
virtual BOOL OnInitDialog( );
afx_msg void OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam);
afx_msg void OnPaint( );
afx_msg HCURSOR OnQueryDragIcon( );
DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP( )
public:
CStatic m_static_status; --①
public:
afx_msg void OnBnClickedButtonConnect( ); --②
};
</ 소스 >
< 소스 HelloClientDlg.cpp>
// HelloClientDlg.cpp : 구현 파일
//
#include "stdafx.h"
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#include "HelloClient.h"
#include "HelloClientDlg.h"
void CHelloClientDlg::OnBnClickedButtonConnect( )--①
// TODO: 여기에 컨트롤 알림 처리기 코드를 추가합니다 .
// HelloServer 에 연결하기 위해 소켓 오브젝트 생성하여 연결
CSocket socket;
socket.Create( );
socket.Connect(_T("127.0.0.1"), 9000);
//서버에 연결하면 서버가 바로보내는 문자열 ("Hello, World") 수신
int cbRcvd;
char buffer[1024];
CStringstr Buffer = _T("");
if((cbRcvd = socket.Receive(buffer, 1024)) > 0) {
//strBuffer = (LPCSTR)(LPSTR)buffer;
strBuffer.Format("%s", buffer);
m_static_status.SetWindowText(strBuffer.Left(cbRcvd));
socket.Close( );
</ 소스 >
1.3.2 서버 프로그램
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< 소스 ListenSocket.h>
#pragma once
// CListenSocket 명령 대상입니다 .
class CHelloServerDlg; --①
class CListenSocket : public CSocket
public:
CListenSocket(CHelloServerDlg* pHelloServerDlg); --②
virtual ~CListenSocket( );
CHelloServerDlg* m_pHelloServerDlg; --③
public:
virtual void OnAccept(int nErrorCode); --④
};
</ 소스 >
< 소스 ListenSocket.cpp>
// ListenSocket.cpp : 구현 파일입니다 .
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "HelloServer.h"
#include "ListenSocket.h"
#include "HelloServerDlg.h" --①
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// CListenSocket
CListenSocket::CListenSocket(CHelloServerDlg* pHelloServerDlg) --②
m_pHelloServerDlg = pHelloServerDlg; --③
CListenSocket::~CListenSocket( )
// CListenSocket 멤버 함수
void CListenSocket::OnAccept(int nErrorCode)
// TODO: 여기에 특수화된 코드를 추가 및 / 또는 기본 클래스를 호출합니다 .
m_pHelloServerDlg->ProcessAccept( ); --④
CSocket::OnAccept(nErrorCode);
</ 소스 >
< 소스 ServiceSocket.h>
#pragma once
// CServiceSocket 명령 대상입니다 .
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class CHelloServerDlg; --①
class CServiceSocket : public CSocket
public:
CServiceSocket(CHelloServerDlg* pHelloServerDlg); --②
virtual ~CServiceSocket( );
CHelloServerDlg* m_pHelloServerDlg; --③
};
</ 소스 >
< 소스 ServiceSocket.cpp>
// ServiceSocket.cpp : 구현 파일입니다 .
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "ServiceSocket.h"
#include "HelloServerDlg.h" --①
// CServiceSocket
CServiceSocket::CServiceSocket(CHelloServerDlg* pHelloServerDlg) --②
m_pHelloServerDlg = pHelloServerDlg; --③
CServiceSocket::~CServiceSocket( )
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{
</ 소스 >
< 소스 HelloServerDlg.h>
// HelloServerDlg.h : 헤더 파일
#pragma once
#include "afxwin.h"
#include "ListenSocket.h" --①
#include "ServiceSocket.h" --+
// CHelloServerDlg 대화 상자
class CHelloServerDlg : public CDialog
public:
CHelloServerDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL);// 표준 생성자입니다 .
enum { IDD = IDD_HELLOSERVER_DIALOG };
protected:
protected:
HICON m_hIcon;
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public:
CListenSocket* m_pListenSocket; --②
CServiceSocket* m_pServiceSocket; --+
public:
CButton m_button_start; --③
CStatic m_static_status; --+
public:
void ProcessAccept(void); --④
public:
afx_msg void OnBnClickedButtonStart( ); --⑤
};
</ 소스 >
< 소스 HelloServerDlg.cpp>
// HelloServerDlg.cpp : 구현 파일
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "HelloServerDlg.h"
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void CHelloServerDlg::OnBnClickedButtonStart( ) --①
UINT nPort = 9000;
m_pListenSocket = new CListenSocket(this);
m_static_status.SetWindowText(_T("Create Listen SOcket"));
if(!m_pListenSocket->Create(nPort)) {
m_static_status.SetWindowText(_T("Cannot Create Socket"));
return;
} else {
m_static_status.SetWindowText(_T("Socket Create Success"));
if(!m_pListenSocket->Listen( )) {
m_static_status.SetWindowText(_T("can not listen"));
return;
void CHelloServerDlg::ProcessAccept(void) --②
m_pServiceSocket = new CServiceSocket(this);
char sndBuffer[ ] = "Hello, World";
if(m_pListenSocket->Accept(*m_pServiceSocket)) {
m_static_status.SetWindowText(_T("Accepted"));
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m_pServiceSocket->Send(sndBuffer, (int)strlen(sndBuffer));
m_static_status.SetWindowText(_T("Send Hello,World"));
} else {
delete m_pServiceSocket;
</ 소스 >
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2 장 내친김에 소켓 프로그래밍 확장하기
2.1 hello, world 를 출력하는 소켓 프로그램의 기능 확장
< 소스 hello_ext_server.c>
#include <stdio.h>
#define PORT 9000
char buffer[BUFSIZ] = "hello, world";
char rBuffer[BUFSIZ];
main( )
int len;
int n, i;
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char *temp;
int length;
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return -1;
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return -1;
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while(1) {
length = 0;
temp = rBuffer;
while((n = read(c_socket, temp, 1)) > 0) {
if(*temp == '\r') continue;
if(*temp == '\n') break;
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if(*temp == '\0') break;
if(length == BUFSIZ) break;
temp++; length++;
rBuffer[length] = '\0';
if(!strcmp(rBuffer, "print") ) {
n = strlen(buffer);
write(c_socket, buffer, n);
close(c_socket);
close(s_socket);
</ 소스 >
< 소스 hello_ext_client.c>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <strings.h>
#define PORT 9000
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char buffer[BUFSIZ];
main( )
int c_socket;
int len;
int n;
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if(connect(c_socket, (struct sockaddr *) &c_addr, sizeof(c_addr)) == -1) {
close(c_socket);
return -1;
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scanf("%s", buffer);
buffer[strlen(buffer)] = '\0';
write(c_socket, buffer, strlen(buffer)+1);
if((n = read(c_socket, rcvBuffer, sizeof(rcvBuffer))) < 0) {
return (-1);
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close(c_socket);
</ 소스 >
2.2 파일 목록을 출력하는 소켓 프로그램의 구현
2.2.1 파일 목록 읽어 내기
< 소스 list.c>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <stdio.h>
main( )
DIR *dp;
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struct dirent *dir;
if((dp = opendir(".")) == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "directory open error\n");
exit(-1);
while((dir = readdir(dp)) != NULL) {
if(dir->d_ino == 0) continue;
printf("%s\n", dir->d_name);
closedir(dp);
</ 소스 >
< 소스 ls_server.c>
//ls_server.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#define PORT 9000
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char err_1[ ]="Directory Error";
char rBuffer[BUFSIZ];
main( )
int len, length;
int n, i;
char *temp;
DIR *dp;
struct dirent *dir;
return -1;
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return -1;
while(1) {
length = 0;
temp = rBuffer;
if(*temp == '\r') continue;
if(*temp == '\n') break;
if(*temp == '\0') break;
temp++; length++;
rBuffer[length] = '\0';
if(!strcmp(rBuffer, "ls") ) {
if((dp = opendir(".")) == NULL) {
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write(c_socket, err_1, strlen(err_1));
} else {
while((dir = readdir(dp)) != NULL) {
if(dir->d_ino == 0) continue;
write(c_socket, dir->d_name, strlen(dir->d_name));
write(c_socket, " ", 1);
closedir(dp);
close(c_socket);
close(s_socket);
</ 소스 >
< 소스 ls_client.c>
//ls_client.c
#include <stdio.h>
#define PORT 9000
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char buffer[BUFSIZ];
main( )
int c_socket;
int len;
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char *temp;
int length = 0;
int n;
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memset(&c_addr, 0, sizeof(c_addr) );
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close(c_socket);
return -1;
scanf("%s", buffer);
buffer[strlen(buffer)] = '\0';
if((n = write(c_socket, buffer, strlen(buffer)+1)) < 0) {
printf("write error\n");
exit(-1);
temp = rcvBuffer;
temp++; length++;
rcvBuffer[length] = '\0';
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close(c_socket);
</ 소스 >
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3 장 소켓 프로그래밍에서 알아야 할 기본
3.3 소켓의 생성과 종료
< 소스 sock_open.c>
//sock_open.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
main( )
int tcpSd1, tcpSd2;
int udpSd1, udpSd2;
if((tcpSd1 = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP)) < 0) {
perror("socket( )-tcpSd1");
} else
printf("TCP socket open = %d\n", tcpSd1);
if((udpSd1 = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP)) < 0) {
perror("socket( )-udpSd1");
} else
printf("UDP socket open = %d\n", udpSd1);
if((tcpSd2 = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_UDP)) < 0) {
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perror("socket( )-tcpSd2");
} else
printf("TCP socket open = %d\n", tcpSd2);
if((udpSd2 = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_TCP)) < 0) {
perror("socket( )-udpSd2");
} else
printf("UDP socket open = %d\n", udpSd2);
close(tcpSd1);
close(udpSd1);
close(tcpSd2);
close(udpSd2);
</ 소스 >
< 소스 file_sock_open.c>
//file_sock_open.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
main( )
int fd;
int sd;
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fd = open("/etc/services", O_RDONLY);
sd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
printf("fd = [%d] \n", fd);
printf("sd = [%d] \n", sd);
</ 소스 >
< 소스 stdio.c>
//stdio.c
#include <stdio.h>
main( ) {
int sd;
char str[100];
sd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
fscanf(stdin, "%s", str);
fprintf(stdout, "%s \n", str);
fprintf(stderr, "sd = [%d] \n", sd);
</ 소스 >
< 소스 sockpair.c>
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//sockpair.c
#include <stdio.h>
main( )
int sd[2], result;
int n1, n2;
char buf[BUFSIZ];
char data[ ] = "This is from sd[0]";
result = socketpair(PF_LOCAL, SOCK_STREAM, 0, sd);
n1 = write(sd[0], data, strlen(data));
printf("[send] %s\n", data);
n2 = read(sd[1], buf, BUFSIZ);
buf[n2] = '\0';
printf("[received] %s\n", buf);
close(sd[0]);
close(sd[1]);
</ 소스 >
3.6 socketpair 함수를 이용한 소켓 프로그램의 구현 – 두 프로세스 간에
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< 소스 sockpair_fork.c>
//sockpair_fork.c
#include <stdio.h>
char data1[ ] = "From Parent";
char data2[ ] = "From Child";
main( ) {
int pid;
int sd[2], result;
char buf[BUFSIZ];
result = socketpair(PF_LOCAL, SOCK_STREAM, 0, sd);
pid = fork( );
if(pid > 0) { // 부모 프로세스
close(sd[1]);
read(sd[0], buf, BUFSIZ);
printf("[parent:%d] %s\n", getpid( ), buf);
write(sd[0], data1, sizeof(data1));
close(sd[0]);
} else if(pid == 0) { // 자식 프로세스
close(sd[0]);
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write(sd[1], data2, sizeof(data2));
read(sd[1], buf, BUFSIZ);
printf("[child:%d] %s\n", getpid( ), buf);
close(sd[1]);
} else if(pid == -1) {
perror("fork( )");
</ 소스 >
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PART 2 단일 접속 서버 구현하기
4 장 클라이언트 / 서버 모델
4.1 포트 (Port) 와 서비스 (Service)
4.1.2 포트별 서비스 내역을 출력하는 프로그램
< 소스 getservent.c>
//getservent.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <netdb.h>
int
main( ) {
struct servent *p;
int n;
while(1) {
if(!(p = getservent( ))) break;
printf("%s\t %d/%s \t", p->s_name, ntohs(p->s_port), p->s_proto);
for(n = 0; p->s_aliases[n] != NULL; n++)
printf("%s ", p->s_aliases[n]);
printf("\n");
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</ 소스 >
4.2.1 바이트 순서 (Byte Order)
< 소스 ordering.c>
//ordering.c
#include <stdio.h>
main( )
short data;
char *ch;
data = 0x1234;
ch = (char *) &data;
printf("original data : 0x1234\n" );
if(ch[0] == 0x12 && ch[1] == 0x34 )
printf("host data(big-endian) : ");
else if(ch[1] == 0x12 && ch[0] == 0x34 )
printf("host data(little-endian) : ");
printf("0x%x%x\n", ch[0], ch[1]);
</ 소스 >
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4.2.2 네트워크 / 호스트 바이트 순서 간 자료 변환
< 소스 ntoh_hton.c>
//ntoh_hton.c
#include <stdio.h>
main( ) {
short hostData = 0x1234;
short netData;
char *ch;
printf("original data : 0x1234\n" );
ch = (char *) &hostData;
if(ch[0] == 0x12 && ch[1] == 0x34)
printf("host(big-endian) : ");
else if(ch[1] == 0x12 && ch[0] == 0x34)
printf("host(little-endian) : ");
printf("0x%x%x\n", ch[0], ch[1]);
netData = htons(hostData);
ch = (char *) &netData;
printf("network data(big-endian) : 0x%x%x\n", ch[0], ch[1]);
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</ 소스 >
4.2.3 IP 주소 변환
< 소스 inet_aton.c>
//inet_aton.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
main( ) {
struct in_addr inp;
const char *ipAddr ="203.249.39.3";
char *addr;
inet_aton(ipAddr, &inp);
printf("ip(dotted decimal)[%s] -> ip(binary)[0x%x]\n", ipAddr, ntohl(inp.s_addr));
addr = inet_ntoa(inp);
printf("ip(binary)[0x%x] -> ip(dotted decimal)[%s]\n", ntohl(inp.s_addr), addr);
</ 소스 >
< 소스 gethostbyname.c>
//gethostbyname.c
#include <netdb.h>
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main( ) {
struct in_addr addr;
struct hostent *host;
const char *hostName = "www.yahoo.com";
int i;
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if((host = gethostbyname(hostName)) == NULL) {
printf("gethostbyname( ) error - check network\n");
exit(-1);
printf("official name = %s\n", host->h_name);
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i = 0;
while(host->h_aliases[i] != NULL ) {
printf("aliases = %s\n", host->h_aliases[i++]);
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printf("address type = %d\n", host->h_addrtype);
printf("address length = %d\n", host->h_length);
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i = 0;
while(host->h_addr_list[i] != NULL) {
memcpy(&addr.s_addr, host->h_addr_list[i], 4);
printf("address = %s(0x%x)\n", inet_ntoa(addr), ntohl(*(long *)host-
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>h_addr_list[i]));
i++;
</ 소스 >
4.2.4 프로토콜 주소의 구성
< 소스 remote_addr.c>
//remote_addr.c
#include <stdio.h>
main( )
int tcpSd;
struct sockaddr_in s_addr;
if((tcpSd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {
perror("socket( )");
exit(-1);
bzero((char *) &s_addr, sizeof(s_addr));
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inet_aton("203.249.39.3", &s_addr.sin_addr.s_addr);
s_addr.sin_port = htons(7);
printf("ip(dotted decial) = %s\n", inet_ntoa(s_addr.sin_addr.s_addr));
printf("ip(binary) = %x\n", ntohl(s_addr.sin_addr.s_addr));
printf("port no = %d\n", ntohs(s_addr.sin_port));
close(tcpSd);
</ 소스 >
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5장 TCP 소켓 프로그래밍
5.1 서버 프로그램의 기능 수행
5.1.1 연결 준비 단계
< 소스 bind_listen.c>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
main( )
int s_socket;
s_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("203.249.39.141"); // 자신의 IP 주소로 변경
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return -1;
listen(s_socket, 0);
while(1) {
sleep(2);
close(s_socket);
</ 소스 >
5.3 TCP 기반 에코 (Echo) 프로그램의 구현
< 소스 echo_server.c>
//echo_server.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define PORT 9000
main( )
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{
int len;
int n;
return -1;
return -1;
while(1) {
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while((n = read(c_socket, rcvBuffer, sizeof(rcvBuffer))) != 0) {
printf("%s", rcvBuffer);
write(c_socket, rcvBuffer, n);
close(c_socket);
close(s_socket);
</ 소스 >
< 소스 echo_client.c>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define PORT 9000
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main( )
int c_socket;
int len;
char sndBuffer[BUFSIZ], rcvBuffer[BUFSIZ];
int n;
int n_left, n_recv;
close(c_socket);
return -1;
while(1) {
if((n = read(0, sndBuffer, BUFSIZ)) > 0) {
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sndBuffer[n] = '\0';
if(!strcmp(sndBuffer, "quit\n")) break;
printf("original Data : %s", sndBuffer);
if((n = write(c_socket, sndBuffer, strlen(sndBuffer))) < 0) {
return (-1);
n_left = n;
n_recv = 0;
while(n_left > 0) {
if((n=read(c_socket, &rcvBuffer[n_recv], n_left)) < 0) {
return (-1);
n_left = n_left - n;
n_recv = n_recv + n;
rcvBuffer[n_recv] = '\0';
printf("echoed Data : %s", rcvBuffer);
close(c_socket);
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< 소스 >
44
6장 UDP 소켓 프로그래밍
6.3 UDP 기반 에코 프로그램의 구현
< 소스 echo_server_UDP.c>
//echo_server_UDP.c
#include <stdio.h>
main(int argc, char *argv[ ])
int sd;
char buff[BUFSIZ];
int n, n_recv;
int addr_len;
sd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
bzero(&s_addr, sizeof(s_addr));
45
if(bind(sd, (struct sockaddr *) &s_addr, sizeof(s_addr)) < 0){
fprintf(stderr, "bind( ) error");
exit(-2);
while(1) {
28
fprintf(stderr, "waiting\n");
30
addr_len = sizeof(c_addr);
if((n_recv = recvfrom(sd, buff, sizeof(buff), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&c_addr,
&addr_len)) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "recvfrom( ) error");
exit(-3);
if((n = sendto(sd, buff, n_recv, 0, (struct sockaddr *) &c_addr, sizeof(c_addr))) <
0){
fprintf(stderr, "sendto( ) error");
exit(-3);
close(sd);
</ 소스 >
46
< 소스 echo_client_UDP.c>
//echo_client_UDP.c
#include <stdio.h>
int sd;
char sndBuffer[BUFSIZ];
int n, n_send;
int addr_len;
s_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
while(1) {
47
25
if ((n_send = sendto(sd, sndBuffer, strlen(sndBuffer), 0, (struct sockaddr *)
&s_addr, sizeof(s_addr))) < 0){
exit(-3);
addr_len = sizeof(s_addr);
if((n = recvfrom(sd, sndBuffer, sizeof(sndBuffer), 0, NULL, NULL)) < 0) {
exit(-3);
printf("echoed Data : %s", sndBuffer);
close(sd);
48
}
</ 소스 >
6.4 UDP에서의 신뢰성 문제
6.4.1 자료 전송 중의 손실
< 소스 echo_client_UDPalarm.c>
//echo_client_UDPalarm.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <errno.h>
void sigAlarm(int);
int sd;
int n, n_send;
int addr_len;
int status;
struct sigaction act;
49
act.sa_handler = sigAlarm;
sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask);
act.sa_flags = 0;
status = sigaction(SIGALRM, &act, 0);
while(1) {
if((n_send = sendto(sd, sndBuffer, strlen(sndBuffer), 0, (struct sockaddr *)
50
exit(-3);
alarm(2);
fprintf(stderr, "socket recvfrom enter\n");
if((n = recvfrom(sd, sndBuffer, sizeof(sndBuffer), 0, NULL, NULL)) < 0) {
if(errno == EINTR)
fprintf(stderr, "socket timeout\n");
else
fprintf(stderr, "recvfrom error\n");
} else {
alarm(0);
close(sd);
void
sigAlarm(int signo)
51
fprintf(stderr, "alarm\n");
return;
</ 소스 >
6.4.2 응답 대상에 대한 확인
< 소스 echo_client_UDPconfirm.c>
//echo_client_UDPconfirm.c
#include <stdio.h>
//#include <string.h>
int sd;
int n, n_send;
int addr_len;
17
52
while(1) {
28
if((n_send = sendto(sd, sndBuffer, strlen(sndBuffer), 0, (struct sockaddr *)
exit(-3);
38
addr_len = sizeof(c_addr);
if((n = recvfrom(sd, sndBuffer, sizeof(sndBuffer), 0, (struct sockaddr
*)&c_addr, &addr_len)) < 0) {
exit(-3);
53
44
if(memcmp(&c_addr, &s_addr, addr_len) != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "reply from %s/%d (ignored)\n",
inet_ntoa(c_addr.sin_addr.s_addr), ntohs(c_addr.sin_port));
continue;
50
close(sd);
</ 소스 >
6.4.3 서버의 미실행 오류
< 소스 echo_client_UDPconnect.c>
//echo_client_UDPconnect.c
#include <stdio.h>
int sd;
54
int n, n_send;
int addr_len;
connect(sd, (struct sockaddr *) &s_addr, sizeof(s_addr));
while(1) {
27
if((n = read(0, sndBuffer, BUFSIZ)) > 0 ) {
if((n_send = write(sd, sndBuffer, strlen(sndBuffer))) < 0){
55
fprintf(stderr, "write error");
exit(-3);
if((n = read(sd, sndBuffer, sizeof(sndBuffer))) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "read error");
exit(-3);
close(sd);
</ 소스 >
6.5 UDP를 이용한 브로드캐스팅 (Broadcasting)
< 소스 UDPbcaster.c>
//UDPbcaster.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
56
#include <signal.h>
#include <errno.h>
main(int argc, char* argv[ ])
int sd;
int n, n_send, status;
int on = 1;
if(argc != 3) {
fprintf(stderr, "usage: UDPbacster broadcast_ip_addr port\n");
exit(-1);
s_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
s_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
if((status = setsockopt(sd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, &on, sizeof(on))) != 0) {
printf("setsockopt error\n");
57
exit(-1);
while(1) {
fprintf(stderr, "Type broadcasting data : ");
sndBuffer[n-1] = '\0';
if((n_send = sendto(sd, sndBuffer, strlen(sndBuffer), 0, (struct sockaddr
*)&s_addr, sizeof(s_addr))) < 0){
fprintf(stderr, "sendto() error");
exit(-3);
if (!strncmp(sndBuffer, "quit", 4)) break;
close(sd);
</ 소스 >
< 소스 UDPreader.c>
//echo_client_UDPbcast.c
58
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
main(int argc, char* argv[ ])
int sd;
int n, n_send;
int addr_len;
int status;
int on = 1;
if(argc != 2) {
printf("usage: UDPreader port\n");
exit(-1);
59
s_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
if(bind(sd, (struct sockaddr *)&s_addr, sizeof(s_addr)) != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "bind error\n");
exit(-2);
while(1) {
if((n = recvfrom(sd, rcvBuffer, sizeof(rcvBuffer), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&c_addr,
&addr_len)) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "recvfrom error");
exit(-3);
if(!strncmp(rcvBuffer, "quit", 4))
break;
printf("Broadcated from %s [%s]\n", inet_ntoa(c_addr.sin_addr.s_addr),
rcvBuffer);
close(sd);
60
</ 소스 >
61
PART 3 다중 접속 서버 구현하기
7 장 멀티프로세싱 방식의 다중 접속 서버
7.2 fork 함수
< 소스 fork_test.c>
//fork_test.c
#include <stdio.h>
main( )
int pid;
int a = 10;
int b = 20;
a = a + 1;
pid = fork( );
if(pid > 0) {
a = a + 1;
printf("PARENT");
} else if(pid == 0) {
b = b + 1;
printf("CHILD");
printf("[%d] a=%d/b=%d\n", getpid( ), a, b);
62
}
</ 소스 >
7.3 fork 함수를 이용한 다중 접속 서버의 구현
< 소스 echo_server_fork.c>
//echo_server_fork.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define PORT 8090
void do_echo(int);
main( )
int connSock, listenSock;
int len;
pid_t pid;
listenSock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
63
if(bind(listenSock, (struct sockaddr *) &s_addr, sizeof(s_addr)) == -1) {
return -1;
if(listen(listenSock, 5) == -1) {
return -1;
while(1) {
connSock = accept(listenSock, (struct sockaddr *) &c_addr, &len);
if((pid = fork( )) < 0) {
printf("echo server can not fork( )\n");
return -1;
} else if(pid > 0) {
close(connSock);
continue;
64
} else if(pid == 0 ) {
close(listenSock);
do_echo(connSock);
void
do_echo(int connSock) {
int n;
while((n = read(connSock, rcvBuffer, sizeof(rcvBuffer))) != 0) {
printf("child\n");
write(connSock, rcvBuffer, n);
exit(0);
</ 소스 >
7.4 시그널 (Signal) 과 좀비 (Zombie) 프로세스
7.4.1 시그널의 등록과 처리
< 소스 sigact.c>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <signal.h>
65
struct sigaction act_new;
struct sigaction act_old;
void
sig_handler(int signo)
printf( "First Ctrl-C pressed !! \n");
11
sigaction(SIGINT, &act_old, NULL);
int main(void)
act_new.sa_handler = sig_handler;
sigemptyset(&act_new. sa_mask);
act_new.sa_flags = 0;
sigaction(SIGINT, &act_new, &act_old);
while(1)
printf("sigaction test \n");
sleep(1);
</ 소스 >
66
7.4.2 wait 함수로 자식 프로세스의 종료 상태 확인
< 소스 wait_sigchld.c>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
void do_child(void);
void do_parent(void);
void
sighandler(int n)
int stat, chld_pid;
sigset_t newset, oldset;
chld_pid = wait(&stat);
printf("signal ID [%d]\n", n);
17
if(WIFEXITED(stat)) {
printf("normal termination, exit status [%d]\n", WEXITSTATUS(stat));
} else if(WIFSIGNALED(stat)) {
printf("abnormal termination, signal number [%d]\n", WTERMSIG(stat));
} else if(WIFSTOPPED(stat)) {
printf("child stopped, signal number [%d]\n", WSTOPSIG(stat));
67
}
26
exit(1);
int
main( )
int pid;
struct sigaction sigset, oldset;
sigset.sa_handler = sighandler;
sigset.sa_flags = 0;
sigemptyset(&sigset.sa_mask);
sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sigset, &oldset);
if((pid = fork( )) == 0) {
do_child( );
do_parent( );
void
do_child( )
exit(100);
68
}
void do_parent( )
sleep(10);
</ 소스 >
7.4.3 좀비 프로세스의 생성 방지
< 소스 echo_server_fork_sig.c>
//echo_server_fork_sig.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#define PORT 8090
void do_echo(int);
void sigHandler(int);
main( )
69
int len;
pid_t pid;
int state;
struct sigaction act;
act.sa_handler = sigHandler;
sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask);
act.sa_flags=0;
state=sigaction(SIGCHLD, &act, 0);
if(state != 0) {
printf("signal error\n");
exit(1);
70
return -1;
return -1;
while(1) {
if((connSock=accept(listenSock, (struct sockaddr *) &c_addr, &len))<0) {
printf("accept error\n");
if((pid = fork( )) < 0) {
printf("echo server can not fork( )\n");
return -1;
close(connSock);
continue;
} else if(pid == 0 ) {
printf("child creat\n");
close(listenSock);
71
do_echo(connSock);
void
do_echo(int connSock)
int n;
81
printf("child(%d)\n", n);
exit(1);
void
sigHandler(int sig)
int pid;
int status;
pid = wait(&status);
printf("pid[%d] terminate\n", pid);
72
}
</ 소스 >
< 소스 talk_server.c>
//talk_server.c
// $ talk_server port#
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <signal.h>
void do_keyboard(int);
void do_socket(int);
char quit[ ] = "exit";
pid_t pid;
int
main(int argc, char *argv[ ]) {
int listenSock, connSock;
struct sockaddr_in client_addr, server_addr;
73
int len;
if(argc < 2) {
printf("Usage: talkServer port_num ");
return -1;
if((listenSock=socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {
printf("Server: Can't open socket\n");
return -1;
bzero((char *) &server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
server_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[1]));
40
if(bind(listenSock, (struct sockaddr *) &server_addr, sizeof(server_addr))<0) {
printf("talk Server Can't bind \n");
return -1;
listen(listenSock, 1);
len = sizeof(client_addr);
74
if((connSock=accept(listenSock,(struct sockaddr *) &client_addr, &len))<0) {
printf("Talk Server failed in accepting\n");
return -1;
printf("Talk Server accept new request\n");
if((pid = fork( )) < 0) {
printf("fork error\n");
return -1;
do_keyboard(connSock);
do_socket(connSock);
close(listenSock);
close(connSock);
void
do_keyboard(int connSock)
int n;
char sbuf[BUFSIZ];
while((n = read(0, sbuf, BUFSIZ)) > 0) {
75
if(write(connSock, sbuf, n) != n) {
printf("Talk Server fail in sending\n");
if(strncmp(sbuf, quit, 4) == 0) {
kill(pid, SIGQUIT);
break;
void
do_socket(int connSock)
int n;
char rbuf[BUFSIZ];
while(1) {
if((n = read(connSock, rbuf, BUFSIZ)) > 0) {
rbuf[n] = '\0';
printf("%s", rbuf);
if(strncmp(rbuf, quit, 4) == 0) {
kill(getppid( ), SIGQUIT);
break;
76
}
</ 소스 >
< 소스 talk_client.c>
//talk_client.c
// - talkClient IP_address port_number
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <signal.h>
void do_keyboard(int);
void do_socket(int);
pid_t pid;
int
77
int connSock;
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
char *serverAddr;
int serverPort;
int len;
if(argc != 3) {
printf("Usage: talk_client server_ip port_num ");
return -1;
} else {
serverAddr = argv[1];
serverPort = atoi(argv[2]);
if((connSock=socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {
printf("Talk Client Can't open socket\n");
return -1;
server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(serverAddr);
server_addr.sin_port = htons(serverPort);
if(connect(connSock,(struct sockaddr *) &server_addr,sizeof(server_addr))<0) {
78
printf("talk Client Can't connect \n");
return -1;
printf("Talk Client connect to Talk server \n");
if((pid = fork( )) < 0) {
printf("fork error\n");
return -1;
do_keyboard(connSock);
do_socket(connSock);
close(connSock);
void
do_keyboard(int connSock)
int n;
char sbuf[BUFSIZ];
79
}
kill(pid, SIGQUIT);
break;
void
do_socket(int connSock)
int n;
char rbuf[BUFSIZ];
while(1) {
rbuf[n] = '\0';
printf("%s", rbuf);
kill(getppid( ), SIGQUIT);
break;
80
}
</ 소스 >
81
8 장 멀티스레딩 방식의 다중 접속 서버
8.3 Pthread 를 이용한 스레드 생성
8.3.1 pthread_create 함수와 pthread_join 함수
< 소스 pthread_func.c>
//pthread_func.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <pthread.h>
void *func_pthread(void *);
int
main(int argc, char **argv){
int sts;
pthread_t thread_id;
void *t_return;
if((sts = pthread_create(&thread_id, NULL, func_pthread, NULL)) != 0 ) {
perror("pthread create error\n");
exit(1);
printf("thread %x is created\n", thread_id);
sleep(3);
82
printf("main function exit\n");
return 0;
void *func_pthread(void *arg)
int i;
while(1) {
sleep(1);
printf("thread executing....\n");
</ 소스 >
< 소스 pthread_join_func.c>
//pthread_join_func.c
#include <stdio.h>
void *
do_sum(void *data)
int i;
int sum = 0;
83
int max = *((int *)data);
for(i = 0; i < max; i++)
sum = sum + i;
printf("%d - Add %d\n", max, i);
sleep(1);
printf("%d - sum(%d)\n", max, sum);
int
main( )
int thr_id;
pthread_t p_thread[3];
int status;
int a = 4;
int b = 5;
int c = 6;
thr_id = pthread_create(&p_thread[0], NULL, do_sum, (void *)&a);
thr_id = pthread_create(&p_thread[1], NULL, do_sum, (void *)&b);
thr_id = pthread_create(&p_thread[2], NULL, do_sum, (void *)&c);
84
pthread_join(p_thread[0], (void **) &status);
printf("programing is end\n");
return 0;
</ 소스 >
8.3.2 스레드에서 전역 변수의 사용
< 소스 pthread_mutex.c>
//pthread_mutex.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int ncount;
pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
void *do_sum1(void *data)
int i;
int n = *((int *)data);
for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
85
printf("sum1 : %d\n", ncount);
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
ncount ++;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
sleep(1);
void *do_sum2(void *data)
int i;
int n = *((int *)data);
for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
printf("sum2 : %d\n", ncount);
ncount ++;
sleep(1);
int main( )
86
int thr_id;
pthread_t p_thread[2];
int status;
int a;
ncount = 1;
a = 9;
thr_id = pthread_create(&p_thread[0], NULL, do_sum1, (void *) &a);
sleep(1);
a = 10;
thr_id = pthread_create(&p_thread[1], NULL, do_sum2, (void *) &a);
status = pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex);
printf("programing is end");
return 0;
</ 소스 >
8.4 스레드를 이용한 다중 접속 서버의 구현
< 소스 echo_server_pthread.c>
87
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define PORT 8090
void *do_echo(void *);
main( )
int len;
pthread_t pthread1;
int thr_id;
23
88
return -1;
return -1;
while(1) {
connSock = accept(listenSock, (struct sockaddr *) &c_addr, &len);
thr_id = pthread_create(&pthread1, NULL, do_echo, (void *)connSock);
void *
do_echo(void *data)
int n;
int connSock = (int)data;
89
</ 소스 >
8.5 Pthread 를 이용한 talk 프로그램의 구현
< 소스 talk_server_pthread.c>
//talk_server_pthread.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <signal.h>
void *do_keyboard(void *);
void *do_socket(void *);
pthread_t pid[2];
90
int
int thr_id;
int status;
int listenSock, connSock;
struct sockaddr_in client_addr, server_addr;
int len;
if(argc < 2) {
printf("Usage: talk_server port_num ");
return -1;
if((listenSock=socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {
printf("Server: Can't open socket\n");
return -1;
server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
server_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[1]));
91
if(bind(listenSock, (struct sockaddr *) &server_addr, sizeof(server_addr))<0){
printf("talk Server Can't bind \n");
return -1;
listen(listenSock, 1);
len = sizeof(client_addr);
if((connSock = accept(listenSock,(struct sockaddr *) &client_addr, &len))<0){
printf("Talk Server failed in accepting\n");
return -1;
printf("Talk Server accept new request\n");
thr_id = pthread_create(&pid[0], NULL, do_keyboard, (void *)connSock);
thr_id = pthread_create(&pid[1], NULL, do_socket, (void *)connSock);
pthread_join(pid[0], (void **) &status);
close(listenSock);
close(connSock);
void *
do_keyboard(void *data)
92
{
int n;
char sbuf[BUFSIZ];
int connSock = (int) data;
pthread_kill(pid[1], SIGINT);
break;
void *
do_socket(void *data)
int n;
char rbuf[BUFSIZ];
while(1) {
rbuf[n] = '\0';
93
printf("%s", rbuf);
pthread_kill(pid[0], SIGINT);
break;
</ 소스 >
< 소스 talk_client_pthread.c>
//talk_client_pthread.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <signal.h>
void *do_keyboard(void *);
void *do_socket(void *);
94
pthread_t pid[2];
int
int connSock;
char *serverAddr;
int serverPort;
int thr_id, status;
int len;
if(argc != 3) {
printf("Usage: talk_client server_ip port_num ");
return -1;
} else {
serverAddr = argv[1];
serverPort = atoi(argv[2]);
if((connSock=socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {
printf("Talk Client Can't open socket\n");
return -1;
95
server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(serverAddr);
server_addr.sin_port = htons(serverPort);
if(connect(connSock, (struct sockaddr *) &server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) < 0) {
printf("talk Client Can't connect \n");
return -1;
printf("Talk Client connect to Talk server \n");
thr_id=pthread_create(&pid[0], NULL, do_keyboard, (void *)connSock);
thr_id=pthread_create(&pid[1], NULL, do_socket, (void *)connSock);
close(connSock);
void *
do_keyboard(void *data)
int n;
char sbuf[BUFSIZ];
96
pthread_kill(pid[1],SIGINT);
break;
void *
do_socket(void *data)
int n;
char rbuf[BUFSIZ];
while(1) {
rbuf[n] = '\0';
printf("%s", rbuf);
pthread_kill(pid[0],SIGINT);
break;
97
}
< 소스 >
98
9 장 멀티플렉싱 방식의 다중 접속 서버
9.3 select 함수를 이용한 다중 접속 서버의 구현
< 소스 echo_server_select.c>
//echo_server_select.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define PORT 8090
#define MAX 512
int numClient=0;
int clientSock[MAX];
int getMaxfd(int);
main( )
int len, i, n;
int maxfd;
99
fd_set read_fds;
return -1;
return -1;
while(1) {
maxfd = getMaxfd(listenSock) + 1;
FD_ZERO(&read_fds);
FD_SET(listenSock, &read_fds);
100
for(i = 0; i < numClient; i++)
FD_SET(clientSock[i], &read_fds);
if(select(maxfd, &read_fds, NULL, NULL, NULL) < 0 ) {
printf("select error\n");
exit(-1);
printf("waiting---\n");
if(FD_ISSET(listenSock, &read_fds)) {
connSock=accept(listenSock, (struct sockaddr *) &c_addr, &len);
clientSock[numClient++] = connSock;
for(i = 0; i < numClient; i++) {
if(FD_ISSET(clientSock[i], &read_fds) ) {
if((n=read(clientSock[i], rcvBuffer,sizeof(rcvBuffer)))!=0){
rcvBuffer[n]='\0';
printf("receive - [%s]\n", rcvBuffer);
write(clientSock[i], rcvBuffer, n);
printf("send - [%s]\n", rcvBuffer);
} else {
printf("EOF\n");
close(clientSock[i]);
if(i != numClient-1)
clientSock[i] = clientSock[numClient-1];
101
numClient--;
continue;
int
getMaxfd(int n)
int max = n;
int i;
for(i = 0; i < numClient; i++) {
if(clientSock[i] > max)
max = clientSock[i];
return max;
</ 소스 >
9.4 select 함수를 이용한 talk 프로그램의 구현
102
< 소스 talk_server_select.c>
//talk_server_select.c
#include stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define MAX 512
int numClient=0;
int len, i, n;
char rcvBuffer[BUFSIZ], sbuf[BUFSIZ];
int maxfd;
if(argc < 2) {
printf("Usage: talk_server port_num");
return -1;
103
fd_set read_fds;
28
return -1;
return -1;
connSock=accept(listenSock, (struct sockaddr *) &c_addr, &len);
while(1) {
maxfd = connSock + 1;
FD_ZERO(&read_fds);
FD_SET(0, &read_fds);
FD_SET(connSock, &read_fds);
104
if(select(maxfd, &read_fds, NULL, NULL, NULL) < 0) {
exit(-1);
printf("server waiting---\n");
if(FD_ISSET(0, &read_fds)) {
if((n = read(0, sbuf, BUFSIZ)) > 0) {
break;
if(FD_ISSET(connSock, &read_fds)) {
if((n=read(connSock, rcvBuffer,sizeof(rcvBuffer)))!=0){
rcvBuffer[n]='\0';
printf("receive[%s]\n", rcvBuffer);
if(strncmp(rcvBuffer, quit, 4) == 0) {
break;
105
}
</ 소스 >
< 소스 talk_client_select.c>
//talk_client_select.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define MAX 512
int numClient=0;
int connSock;
int len, i, n;
char rcvBuffer[BUFSIZ], sbuf[BUFSIZ];
int maxfd;
106
if(argc < 3) {
printf("Usage: talk_clinet IP_address port_num");
return -1;
fd_set read_fds;
connSock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
s_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
if(connect(connSock, (struct sockaddr *) &s_addr, sizeof(s_addr)) == -1) {
return -1;
while(1) {
maxfd = connSock + 1;
FD_ZERO(&read_fds);
FD_SET(0, &read_fds);
FD_SET(connSock, &read_fds);
107
if(select(maxfd, &read_fds, NULL, NULL, NULL) < 0) {
exit(-1);
printf("client waiting---\n");
if((n = read(0, sbuf, BUFSIZ)) > 0) {
if (write(connSock, sbuf, n) != n) {
break;
if(FD_ISSET(connSock, &read_fds)) {
if((n=read(connSock, rcvBuffer,sizeof(rcvBuffer))) !=0) {
rcvBuffer[n]='\0';
printf("receive[%s]\n", rcvBuffer);
if(strncmp(rcvBuffer, quit, 4) == 0) {
break;
108
}
</ 소스 >
109
10 장 MFC 로 talk 프로그램 구현하기
10.1 클라이언트 프로그램
10.1.2 소켓 객체 CSocket::CTalkClientSocket의 생성
< 소스 TalkClientSocket.h>
#pragma once
// CTalkClientSocket 명령 대상입니다 .
classCTalkClientDlg; --①
class CTalkClientSocket : public CSocket
public:
CTalkClientSocket(CTalkClientDlg* pTalkClientDlg); --②
virtual ~CTalkClientSocket( );
public:
CTalkClientDlg*m_pTalkClientDlg; --③
public:
virtual void OnReceive(int nErrorCode); --+④
virtual void OnClose(int nErrorCode); --+
};
</ 소스 >
110
< 소스 TalkClientSocket.cpp>
// TalkClientSocket.cpp : 구현 파일입니다 .
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "TalkClient.h"
#include "TalkClientSocket.h"
#include "TalkClientDlg.h" --①
// CTalkClientSocket
CTalkClientSocket::CTalkClientSocket(CTalkClientDlg* pTalkClientDlg) --②
m_pTalkClientDlg = pTalkClientDlg; --③
CTalkClientSocket::~CTalkClientSocket( )
// CTalkClientSocket 멤버 함수
void CTalkClientSocket::OnReceive(int nErrorCode)
m_pTalkClientDlg->ProcessReceive( ); --④
CSocket::OnReceive(nErrorCode);
void CTalkClientSocket::OnClose(int nErrorCode)
111
{
m_pTalkClientDlg->ProcessClose( ); --⑤
CSocket::OnClose(nErrorCode);
</ 소스 >
10.1.3 GUI 설계와 컨트롤에 대한 멤버 함수와 멤버 변수의 추가
< 소스 TalkClientDlg.h>
// TalkClientDlg.h : 헤더 파일
#pragma once
#include "TalkClientSocket.h" --①
#include "afxwin.h"
#include "afxcmn.h"
// CTalkClientDlg 대화 상자
class CTalkClientDlg : public CDialog
public:
CTalkClientDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL);// 표준 생성자입니다 .
enum { IDD = IDD_TALKCLIENT_DIALOG };
protected:
112
protected:
HICON m_hIcon;
public:
CTalkClientSocket* m_pTalkClientSocket; --②
public:
CListBox m_list_box; --③
CEdit m_edit_talk;
CIPAddressCtrl m_ip_address;
CEdit m_edit_port;
CButton m_button_send;
CButton m_button_connect;
CButton m_button_disconnect;
public:
afx_msg void OnBnClickedButtonDisconnect( ); --④
afx_msg void OnBnClickedButtonSend( );
afx_msg void OnBnClickedButtonConnect( );
public:
void ProcessClose(void); --⑤
113
void SetButtonStatus(bool, bool, bool);
void ProcessReceive(void);
};
</ 소스 >
< 소스 TalkClientDlg.cpp>
// TalkClientDlg.cpp : 구현 파일
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "TalkClient.h"
#include "TalkClientDlg.h"
BOOL CTalkClientDlg::OnInitDialog( )
CDialog::OnInitDialog( );
// 시스템 메뉴에 " 정보 ..." 메뉴 항목을 추가합니다 .
// IDM_ABOUTBOX 는 시스템 명령 범위에 있어야 합니다 .
ASSERT((IDM_ABOUTBOX & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX);
ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX < 0xF000);
CMenu* pSysMenu = GetSystemMenu(FALSE);
if(pSysMenu != NULL)
CString strAboutMenu;
114
strAboutMenu.LoadString(IDS_ABOUTBOX);
if(!strAboutMenu.IsEmpty( ))
pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);
pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING, IDM_ABOUTBOX, strAboutMenu);
// 이 대화 상자의 아이콘을 설정합니다 . 응용 프로그램의 주 창이 대화 상자가 아닐
경우에는
// 프레임워크가 이 작업을 자동으로 수행합니다 .
SetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE);// 큰 아이콘을 설정합니다 .
SetIcon(m_hIcon, FALSE);// 작은 아이콘을 설정합니다 .
// TODO: 여기에 추가 초기화 작업을 추가합니다 .
SetButtonStatus(FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);--①
return TRUE; // 포커스를 컨트롤에 설정하지 않으면 TRUE 를 반환합니다 .
void CTalkClientDlg::OnBnClickedButtonConnect( ) --②
TCHARstrIP[20];
TCHARstrPort[10];
115
UINTnPort;
m_ip_address.GetWindowTextA(strIP, 20);
m_edit_port.GetWindowTextA(strPort, 10);
nPort = atoi(strPort);
m_pTalkClientSocket = new CTalkClientSocket(this);
if(!m_pTalkClientSocket->Create( )) {
m_list_box.AddString(_T("Fail to Create Socket"));
return;
m_list_box.AddString(_T("Socket Create...."));
if(!m_pTalkClientSocket->Connect(strIP, nPort)){
m_list_box.AddString(_T("Fail to connect"));
return;
m_list_box.AddString(_T("Success to Connect...."));
SetButtonStatus(TRUE, FALSE, TRUE);
void CTalkClientDlg::SetButtonStatus(bool bSend, bool bConnect, bool bDisconnect)--③
m_button_send.EnableWindow(bSend);
m_button_connect.EnableWindow(bConnect);
116
m_button_disconnect.EnableWindow(bDisconnect);
void CTalkClientDlg::OnBnClickedButtonSend( ) --④
TCHARstrBuf[100];
m_edit_talk.GetWindowTextA(strBuf, 100);
m_pTalkClientSocket->Send(strBuf, m_edit_talk.GetWindowTextLengthA( ));
m_list_box.SetWindowTextA(strBuf);
m_edit_talk.SetWindowTextA(_T(""));
void CTalkClientDlg::ProcessReceive( ) --⑤
intnRead;
TCHARrcvBuffer[1024];
CString strBuffer = _T("");
nRead = m_pTalkClientSocket->Receive(rcvBuffer, 1024);
strBuffer.Format("%s", rcvBuffer);
m_list_box.AddString(strBuffer.Left(nRead));
void CTalkClientDlg::OnBnClickedButtonDisconnect( ) --⑥
117
{
m_pTalkClientSocket->Close( );
delete m_pTalkClientSocket;
SetButtonStatus(FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
m_list_box.AddString(_T("Close socket"));
void CTalkClientDlg::ProcessClose(void) --⑦
m_list_box.AddString(_T("Server Close"));
m_pTalkClientSocket->Close( );
delete m_pTalkClientSocket;
m_list_box.AddString(_T("Connection Close"));
</ 소스 >
10.2 서버 프로그램
10.2.2 소켓 객체 CSocket::CListenSocket 과 CSocket::CServiceSocket 의 생성
#pragma once
118
class CTalkServerDlg; --①
public:
CListenSocket(CTalkServerDlg* pTalkServerDlg); --②
public:
CTalkServerDlg* m_pTalkServerDlg; --③
public:
};
</ 소스 >
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "TalkServer.h"
#include "TalkServerDlg.h" --①
// CListenSocket
119
CListenSocket::CListenSocket(CTalkServerDlg* pTalkServerDlg) --②
m_pTalkServerDlg = pTalkServerDlg; ③
m_pTalkServerDlg->ProcessAccept( ); --④
</ 소스 >
#pragma once
class CTalkServerDlg; --①
120
{
public:
CServiceSocket(CTalkServerDlg* pTalkServerDlg); --②
public:
CTalkServerDlg* m_pTalkServerDlg; --③
public:
virtual void OnReceive(int nErrorCode); --④
};
</ 소스 >
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "TalkServerDlg.h" --①
// CServiceSocket
CServiceSocket::CServiceSocket(CTalkServerDlg* pTalkServerDlg) --②
m_pTalkServerDlg = pTalkServerDlg; ③
121
{
// CServiceSocket 멤버 함수
void CServiceSocket::OnReceive(int nErrorCode)
m_pTalkServerDlg->ProcessReceive(this); --④
void CServiceSocket::OnClose(int nErrorCode)
m_pTalkServerDlg->ProcessClose( ); --⑤
</ 소스 >
< 소스 TalkServerDlg.h>
// TalkServerDlg.h : 헤더 파일
#pragma once
#include "afxwin.h"
122
// CTalkServerDlg 대화 상자
class CTalkServerDlg : public CDialog
public:
CTalkServerDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL);// 표준 생성자입니다 .
enum { IDD = IDD_TALKSERVER_DIALOG };
protected:
protected:
HICON m_hIcon;
public:
CServiceSocket* m_pServiceSocket; --②
CListenSocket* m_pListenSocket;
123
public:
CListBox m_list_talk; --③
CEdit m_edit_talk;
CEdit m_edit_port;
CButton m_button_send;
CButton m_button_start;
CButton m_button_stop;
public:
void ProcessAccept(void); --④
void ProcessReceive(CServiceSocket*);
void ProcessClose(void);
void SetButtonStatus(bool bSend, bool bStart, bool bStop);
public:
afx_msg void OnBnClickedButtonSend( ); --⑤
afx_msg void OnBnClickedButtonStart( );
afx_msg void OnBnClickedButtonStop( );
};
</ 소스 >
< 소스 TalkServerDlg.cpp>
// TalkServerDlg.cpp : 구현 파일
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "TalkServerDlg.h"
124
BOOL CTalkServerDlg::OnInitDialog( )
경우에는
// 프레임워크가 이 작업을 자동으로 수행합니다 .
125
SetButtonStatus(FALSE, TRUE, FALSE); --①
void CTalkServerDlg::OnBnClickedButtonStart( ) --②
UINTnPort;
TCHARstrPort[10];
m_edit_port.GetWindowTextA(strPort, 10);
nPort = atoi(strPort);
if(!m_pListenSocket->Create(nPort)) {
m_list_talk.AddString(_T("Fail to create socket"));
return;
m_list_talk.AddString("Success to Create Socket....");
m_list_talk.AddString(_T("Fail to Listen Socket"));
126
return;
m_list_talk.AddString("Listen Socket....");
SetButtonStatus(FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
void CTalkServerDlg::ProcessAccept(void) --③
m_pListenSocket->Accept(*m_pServiceSocket);
m_list_talk.AddString("Connection Accept....");
SetButtonStatus(TRUE, FALSE, TRUE);
void CTalkServerDlg::ProcessReceive(CServiceSocket* pServiceSocket) --④
intnRead;
TCHARstrRecvBuffer[1024];
CStringstrBuffer = _T("");
if((nRead = pServiceSocket->Receive(strRecvBuffer, 1024)) > 0) {
strBuffer.Format("%s", strRecvBuffer);
m_list_talk.AddString(strBuffer.Left(nRead));
127
}
void CTalkServerDlg::OnBnClickedButtonSend( ) --⑤
TCHARstrSndBuffer[1024];
m_edit_talk.GetWindowTextA(strSndBuffer, 1024);
m_pServiceSocket->Send(strSndBuffer, (int)strlen(strSndBuffer));
m_edit_talk.SetWindowTextA(_T(""));
void CTalkServerDlg::SetButtonStatus(bool bSend, bool bStart, bool bStop) --⑥
m_button_send.EnableWindow(bSend);
m_button_start.EnableWindow(bStart);
m_button_stop.EnableWindow(bStop);
void CTalkServerDlg::OnBnClickedButtonStop( ) --⑦
m_pListenSocket->Close( );
m_pServiceSocket->Close( );
128
m_list_talk.AddString(_T("Close Socket"));
delete m_pListenSocket;
void CTalkServerDlg::ProcessClose(void) --⑧
m_pServiceSocket->Close( );
m_list_talk.AddString(_T("Client Close Socket"));
SetButtonStatus(FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
</ 소스 >
129
PART 4 TCP 내부 동작과 Raw 소켓
11 장 TCP 내부 동작
11.1 TCP 상태 변화
11.1.1 연결 준비 단계
< 소스 port_stat.c>
//port_stat.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
main(int argc, char **argv)
int len;
char greeting[ ] = "TCP state test";
if(argc != 2) {
fprintf(stderr, "usage: TCPserver port_number\n");
exit -1;
130
return -1;
return -1;
while(1) {
write(c_socket, greeting, strlen(greeting));
</ 소스 >
131
11.2 TCP 소켓 옵션
< 소스 sock_opt.c>
//sock_opt.c
#include <stdio.h>
int
main( )
int sock;
int val, len;
struct sock_opts {
const char *opt_str;
int opt_level;
int opt_name;
} sock_opts[ ] = {
{ "SO_BROADCAST", SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST },
{ "SO_KEEPALIVE", SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE },
{ "SO_LINGER", SOL_SOCKET, SO_LINGER },
{ "SO_REUSEADDR", SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR },
{ "SO_DONTROUTE", SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE },
{ "SO_RCVBUF", SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF },
{ "SO_SNDBUF", SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF },
{ "SO_TYPE", SOL_SOCKET, SO_TYPE },
132
{ NULL, 0, 0 }
};
struct sock_opts *ptr;
sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
for(ptr = sock_opts; ptr->opt_str != NULL; ptr++) {
len = sizeof(val);
getsockopt(sock, ptr->opt_level, ptr->opt_name, (void *) &val, &len);
35
printf("%s :\t%d\n", ptr->opt_str, val);
</ 소스 >
133
12 장 Raw 소켓
12.2 TCP SYN 포트 스캔 프로그램의 구현
< 소스 cksum_in.c>
unsigned short
cksum_in(unsigned short *addr, int len)
unsigned long sum = 0;
unsigned short answer = 0;
unsigned short *w = addr;
int nleft = len;
while(nleft > 1) {
sum += *w++;
if(sum & 0x80000000)
sum = (sum & 0xffff) + (sum >> 16);
nleft -= 2;
if(nleft == 1) {
*(unsigned char *)(&answer) = *(unsigned char *)w;
sum += answer;
while(sum >> 16)
134
return (sum==0xffff)?sum:~sum;
</ 소스 >
< 소스 read_packet.c>
// read_packet.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <netinet/tcp.h>
void print_ip(struct iphdr *);
void print_tcp(struct tcphdr *);
main( )
int sd;
int len;
int rx_packet_size = sizeof(struct iphdr) + sizeof(struct tcphdr);
char *rx_packet = malloc(rx_packet_size);
135
struct tcphdr *rx_tcph;
struct iphdr *rx_iph;
struct in_addr s_addr, d_addr;
struct sockaddr_in local, remote;
struct servent *serv;
if((sd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_TCP)) < 0) {
printf("socket open error\n");
exit(-1);
while(1) {
bzero(rx_packet, rx_packet_size);
len = sizeof(local);
if(recvfrom(sd,rx_packet,rx_packet_size,0x0,(struct sockaddr *)&local, &len)<0) {
printf("recvfrom error\n");
exit(-2);
rx_iph = (struct iphdr *)(rx_packet);
rx_tcph = (struct tcphdr *)(rx_packet + rx_iph->ihl * 4);
print_ip(rx_iph);
136
print_tcp(rx_tcph);
close(sd);
void
print_ip(struct iphdr *iph)
printf("[IP HEADER] VER: %1u HL : %2u Protocol : %3u ", iph->version, iph->ihl,
iph->protocol);
printf("SRC IP: %15s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&iph->saddr));
printf("DEST IP: %15s \n", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&iph->daddr));
void
print_tcp(struct tcphdr *tcph)
printf("[TCP HEADER] src port: %5u dest port : %5u ", ntohs(tcph->source),
ntohs(tcph->dest));
(tcph->urg == 1)?printf("U"):printf("-");
(tcph->ack == 1)?printf("A"):printf("-");
(tcph->psh == 1)?printf("P"):printf("-");
(tcph->rst == 1)?printf("R"):printf("-");
(tcph->syn == 1)?printf("S"):printf("-");
137
(tcph->fin == 1)?printf("F"):printf("-");
printf("\n\n");
</ 소스 >
< 소스 port_scan_sys.c>
//syn_port_scan.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <netinet/tcp.h>
#define START_PORT 80
#define END_PORT 90
#define LOCAL_IP "203.249.39.141" // 자신의 IP 주소로 수정해야 함
#define LOCAL_PORT 9000 // 발신 포트 번호
unsigned short cksum_in(unsigned short *, int);
struct pseudohdr {
unsigned long s_addr;
unsigned long d_addr;
char zero;
138
unsigned char protocol;
unsigned short length;
};
unsigned long target;
int portNum;
struct hostent *h;
if(argc < 2) {
printf("usage : portscan domain_name\n");
exit(-1);
if((target = inet_addr(argv[1])) == -1) {
h = gethostbyname(argv[1]);
if(!h) {
printf("gethostbyname error\n");
return 4;
target = ((struct in_addr*)h->h_addr)->s_addr;
for(portNum = START_PORT; portNum <= END_PORT; portNum++) {
139
printf("port %d scanning..", portNum);
scan_syn_port(target, portNum);
scan_syn_port(unsigned long target, int port)
int sd;
int on = 1;
int len;
int tx_packet_size = sizeof(struct iphdr) + sizeof(struct tcphdr) + sizeof(struct
pseudohdr);
int rx_packet_size = sizeof(struct iphdr) + sizeof(struct tcphdr);
char *rx_packet = (char *)malloc(rx_packet_size);
char *tx_packet = (char *)malloc(tx_packet_size);
struct tcphdr *tcph, *rx_tcph;
struct iphdr *iph, *rx_iph;
struct pseudohdr *pseudoh;
struct in_addr s_addr, d_addr;
struct sockaddr_in local, remote;
struct servent *serv;
140
iph = (struct iphdr *)(tx_packet);
tcph = (struct tcphdr *)(tx_packet + sizeof(struct iphdr));
pseudoh = (struct pseudohdr *)(tx_packet + sizeof(struct iphdr) + sizeof(struct
tcphdr));
78
if((sd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_TCP)) < 0) {
printf("socket open error\n"); exit(-1);
if(setsockopt(sd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) < 0) {
printf("set socket option error\n"); exit(-2);
memset(tx_packet, 0, tx_packet_size);
d_addr.s_addr = target;
s_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(LOCAL_IP);
pseudoh->s_addr = s_addr.s_addr;
pseudoh->d_addr = d_addr.s_addr;
pseudoh->protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
pseudoh->zero = 0;
pseudoh->length = htons(sizeof(struct tcphdr));
tcph->source = htons(LOCAL_PORT);
tcph->dest = htons(port);
141
tcph->seq = htons(random()%time(NULL));
tcph->ack_seq = 0;
tcph->doff = 5;
tcph->res1 = 0;
tcph->fin = 0;
tcph->syn = 1;
tcph->rst = 0;
tcph->psh = 0;
tcph->ack = 0;
tcph->urg = 0;
tcph->window = htons(1024);
tcph->check = (unsigned short)cksum_in((unsigned short *)tcph, (sizeof(struct
tcphdr) + sizeof(struct pseudohdr)));
iph->ihl = 5;
iph->version = 4;
iph->tos = 0;
iph->tot_len = htons(tx_packet_size) - sizeof(struct pseudohdr);
iph->id = 0;
iph->frag_off = 0;
iph->ttl = IPDEFTTL;
iph->protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
iph->saddr = s_addr.s_addr;
iph->daddr = d_addr.s_addr;
iph->check = (unsigned short)cksum_in((unsigned short *)iph, sizeof(struct iphdr));
142
remote.sin_family = PF_INET;
remote.sin_addr = d_addr;
remote.sin_port = htons(port);
remote.sin_port = 0;
if(sendto(sd, tx_packet, (tx_packet_size - sizeof(struct pseudohdr)), 0x0, (struct
sockaddr *)&remote, sizeof(remote)) < 0) {
printf("send error\n"); exit(-3);
printf("[tx] %u->%u ", ntohs(tcph->source), ntohs(tcph->dest));
(tcph->urg == 1)?printf("U"):printf("-");
(tcph->ack == 1)?printf("A"):printf("-");
(tcph->psh == 1)?printf("P"):printf("-");
(tcph->rst == 1)?printf("R"):printf("-");
(tcph->syn == 1)?printf("S"):printf("-");
(tcph->fin == 1)?printf("F"):printf("-");
while(recvfrom(sd, rx_packet, rx_packet_size, 0x0, (struct sockaddr *)&local, &len) >0
){
rx_iph = (struct iphdr *)(rx_packet);
rx_tcph = (struct tcphdr *)(rx_packet + rx_iph->ihl * 4);
if( rx_iph->saddr != iph->daddr) continue;
143
if((ntohs(tcph->source) == ntohs(rx_tcph->dest)) && (ntohs(tcph->dest) ==
ntohs(rx_tcph->source))){
printf("[rx] %u->%u ", ntohs(rx_tcph->source), ntohs(rx_tcph->dest));
(rx_tcph->urg == 1)?printf("U"):printf("-");
(rx_tcph->ack == 1)?printf("A"):printf("-");
(rx_tcph->psh == 1)?printf("P"):printf("-");
(rx_tcph->rst == 1)?printf("R"):printf("-");
(rx_tcph->syn == 1)?printf("S"):printf("-");
(rx_tcph->fin == 1)?printf("F"):printf("-");
if(rx_tcph->syn == 1 && rx_tcph->ack == 1) {
serv = getservbyport(htons(port), "tcp");
printf(" port[%d] open/%s \n", ntohs(rx_tcph->source), serv-
>s_name);
} else if (rx_tcph->rst == 1) {
printf(" *\n");
} else {
printf("protocol error\n"); exit(-1);
break;
close(sd);
144
unsigned short
int nleft = len;
while(nleft > 1) {
sum += *w++;
if(sum & 0x80000000)
nleft -= 2;
if(nleft == 1) {
sum += answer;
while(sum >> 16)
return(sum==0xffff)?sum:~sum;
145
</ 소스 >
< 소스 my_ping.c>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
#include <signal.h>
void sig_alrm(int);
void send_msg(void);
void handlePing(void);
unsigned short cksum_in(unsigned short *, int);
void tv_sub(struct timeval *, struct timeval *);
struct timeval *tvsend, tvrecv;
int sd;
pid_t pid;
int nsent = 0;
struct sockaddr_in sasend;
struct sockaddr_in sarecv;
146
int salen;
if(argc != 2) {
printf("usage : ping doman_name\n");
exit(-1);
bzero((char *)&sasend, sizeof(sasend));
sasend.sin_family = AF_INET;
sasend.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
salen = sizeof(sasend);
pid = getpid( ) & 0xffff; // ICMP ID (16 bits)
handlePing( );
void
handlePing(void)
int len, hlen, icmplen;
struct timeval tval;
char rbuf[1500];
fd_set readfd;
147
struct iphdr *iph;
struct icmp *icmp;
double rtt;
signal(SIGALRM, sig_alrm);
if((sd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) < 0) {
printf("socket open error\n");
exit(-1);
sig_alrm(SIGALRM);
for( ;;) {
if((len = recvfrom(sd, rbuf, sizeof(rbuf), 0, NULL, NULL)) < 0) {
printf("read error\n");
exit (-1);
iph = (struct iphdr *)rbuf;
hlen = iph->ihl * 4;
if(iph->protocol != IPPROTO_ICMP)
return;
148
if(iph->saddr == sasend.sin_addr.s_addr) {
icmp = (struct icmp *)(rbuf + hlen);
icmplen = len - hlen;
if(icmp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY) {
if(icmp->icmp_id != pid)
return;
gettimeofday(&tvrecv, NULL);
tvsend = (struct timeval *) icmp->icmp_data;
tv_sub(&tvrecv, tvsend);
rtt = tvrecv.tv_sec * 1000.0 + tvrecv.tv_usec / 1000.0;
printf("%d byte form **: seq= %u, ttl=%d, rtt=%.3f ms\n",
icmplen, icmp->icmp_seq, iph->ttl, rtt);
void
sig_alrm(int signo)
send_msg( );
149
alarm(1);
return;
void
send_msg(void)
int len;
struct icmp *icmp;
char sendbuf[1500];
int datalen = 56;
icmp = (struct icmp *) sendbuf;
icmp->icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO;
icmp->icmp_code = 0;
icmp->icmp_id = pid;
icmp->icmp_seq = nsent++;
memset(icmp->icmp_data, 0xa5, datalen);
gettimeofday((struct timeval *) icmp->icmp_data, NULL );
len = 8 + datalen;
icmp->icmp_cksum = 0;
icmp->icmp_cksum = cksum_in((unsigned short *)icmp, len);
150
sendto(sd, sendbuf, len, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&sasend, salen);
void
tv_sub(struct timeval *out, struct timeval *in)
if((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) {
--out->tv_sec;
out->tv_usec += 1000000;
out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec;
unsigned short
int nleft = len;
while(nleft > 1) {
sum += *w++;
if(sum & 0x80000000)
nleft -= 2;
151
}
if(nleft == 1) {
sum += answer;
while(sum >> 16)
return(sum==0xffff)?sum:~sum;
</ 소스 >
152
PART 5 프로젝트로 실습하기
13 장 프로젝트 - 웹 서버
13.3 웹 서버의 구현
13.3.4 웹 클라이언트 프로그램의 구현
< 소스 webClient.c>
//webClient.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define BUF_LEN 128
int main(int argc, char *argv[ ])
int s, n, len_in, len_out;
char *haddr;
char buf[BUF_LEN+1];
int port;
if(argc==3) {
153
port=80;
} else if(argc==4) {
port=atoi(argv[3]);
} else {
printf("usage : webClient server_addr URL [port_number]");
return -1;
haddr=argv[1];
if((s=socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {
printf("can not create socket\n");
return -1;
memset(&server_addr, 0, sizeof(server_addr));
server_addr.sin_family=AF_INET;
server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(haddr);
server_addr.sin_port=htons(port);
if(connect(s, (struct sockaddr *) &server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) < 0) {
printf("can not connect");
return -1;
sprintf(buf, "GET %s HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n", argv[2]);
write(s, buf, strlen(buf));
154
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
while((n = read(s, buf, BUF_LEN)) > 0) {
printf("%s", buf);
close(s);
</ 소스 >
13.3.5 fork 함수를 이용한 웹 서버 프로그램
< 소스 webServer_fork.c>
//webServer_fork.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#define LOG 100
#define ERROR 200
155
#define CODE200 200
#define CODE404 404
#define PHRASE200 "OK"
#define PHRASE404 "FILE NOT FOUND"
char documentRoot[ ] = "/usr/local/apache/htdocs";
void do_web(int);
void web_log(int, char[ ], char[ ], int);
int log_fd;
int
int s_sock, c_sock;
int len, len_out;
unsigned short port;
int status;
struct rlimit resourceLimit;
int i;
int pid;
if(argc != 2){
printf("usage: webServer port_number");
return -1;
156
}
if(fork( ) != 0)
return 0; // parent return to shell
(void)signal(SIGCLD, SIG_IGN); // ignore child death
(void)signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN); // ignore terminal hangup
resourceLimit.rlim_max = 0;
status = getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &resourceLimit);
for(i = 0; i < resourceLimit.rlim_max; i++) {
close(i);
web_log(LOG, "STATUS", "web server start", getpid( ));
if((s_sock=socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0))<0){
web_log(ERROR, "SYSCALL", "web server listen sockek open error", s_sock);
port=atoi(argv[1]);
if(port > 60000)
web_log(ERROR, "ERROR", "invalid port number", port);
66
157
s_addr.sin_port = htons(port);
if(bind(s_sock, (struct sockaddr *) &s_addr, sizeof(s_addr)) <0)
web_log(ERROR, "ERROR", "server cannot bind", 0);
listen(s_sock, 10);
while(1){
if((c_sock = accept(s_sock, (struct sockaddr *) &c_addr, &len)) < 0)
web_log(ERROR, "ERROR", "server accept error", 0);
if((pid = fork( )) < 0) {
web_log(ERROR, "ERROR", "server fork error", 0);
close(s_sock);
do_web(c_sock);
} else {
close(c_sock);
void
do_web(int c_sock)
158
{
char sndBuf[BUFSIZ+1], rcvBuf[BUFSIZ+1];
char uri[100], c_type[20];;
int len;
int len_out;
int n, i;
char *p;
char method[10], f_name[20];
char phrase[20] = "OK";
int code = 200;
int fd; // file discriptor
char file_name[20];
char ext[20];
struct stat sbuf;
struct {
char *ext;
char *filetype;
} extensions [ ] = {
{"gif", "image/gif" },
{"jpg", "image/jpeg"},
{"jpeg","image/jpeg"},
159
{"png", "image/png" },
{"zip", "image/zip" },
{"gz", "image/gz" },
{"tar", "image/tar" },
{"htm", "text/html" },
{"html","text/html" },
{0,0} };
memset(rcvBuf, 0, sizeof(rcvBuf));
if((n = read(c_sock, rcvBuf, BUFSIZ)) <= 0)
web_log(ERROR, "ERROR", "can not receive data from web browser", n);
web_log(LOG, "REQUEST", rcvBuf, n);
p = strtok(rcvBuf, " ");
if(strcmp(p, "GET") && strcmp(p, "get"))
web_log(ERROR, "ERROR", "Only get method can support", 0);
p = strtok(NULL, " ");
if(!strcmp(p, "/"))
sprintf(uri, "%s/index.html", documentRoot);
else
sprintf(uri, "%s%s", documentRoot, p);
strcpy(c_type, "text/plain");
for(i=0; extensions[i].ext != 0; i++) {
160
len = strlen(extensions[i].ext);
if( !strncmp(uri+strlen(uri)-len, extensions[i].ext, len) ) {
strcpy(c_type, extensions[i].filetype);
break;
if((fd = open(uri, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
code = CODE404;
strcpy(phrase, PHRASE404);
p = strtok(NULL, "\r\n "); // version
// send Header
sprintf(sndBuf, "HTTP/1.0 %d %s\r\n", code, phrase);
n = write(c_sock, sndBuf, strlen(sndBuf));
web_log(LOG, "RESPONSE", sndBuf, getpid( ));
sprintf(sndBuf, "content-type: %s\r\n\r\n", c_type);
if(fd >=0 ) {
while((n = read(fd, rcvBuf, BUFSIZ)) > 0) {
write(c_sock, rcvBuf, n);
161
}
close(c_sock);
exit(-1);
void
web_log(int type, char s1[ ], char s2[ ], int n)
int log_fd;
char buf[BUFSIZ];
if(type == LOG) {
sprintf(buf, "STATUS %s %s %d\n", s1, s2, n);
} else if(type == ERROR) {
sprintf(buf, "ERROR %s %s %d\n", s1, s2, n);
if((log_fd = open("web.log", O_CREAT|O_WRONLY|O_APPEND, 0644)) >= 0) {
write(log_fd, buf, strlen(buf));
close(log_fd);
if(type == ERROR) exit(-1);
162
}
</ 소스 >
13.3.6 스레드를 이용한 웹 서버 프로그램
< 소스 webServer_thread.c>
//webServer_thread.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#define LOG 100
#define ERROR 200
#define CODE200 200
#define CODE404 404
#define PHRASE200 "OK"
#define PHRASE404 "FILE NOT FOUND"
char documentRoot[ ] = "/usr/local/apache/htdocs";
163
void *do_web(void *);
void web_log(int, char[ ], char[ ], int);
pthread_t tid;
pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
int log_fd;
int
int s_sock, c_sock;
int len, len_out;
int status;
struct rlimit resourceLimit;
int i, res;
int pid;
if(argc != 2){
printf("usage: webServer_thread port_number");
return -1;
if(fork( ) != 0)
return 0; // parent return to shell
164
(void)signal(SIGCLD, SIG_IGN); // ignore child death
(void)signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN); // ignore terminal hangup
resourceLimit.rlim_max = 0;
status = getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &resourceLimit);
for(i = 0; i < resourceLimit.rlim_max; i++) {
close(i);
web_log(LOG, "STATUS", "web server start", getpid( ));
if((s_sock=socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0))<0){
web_log(ERROR, "SYSCALL", "web server listen sockek open error", s_sock);
port=atoi(argv[1]);
if(port > 60000)
web_log(ERROR, "ERROR", "invalid port number", port);
s_addr.sin_port = htons(port);
if(bind(s_sock, (struct sockaddr *) &s_addr, sizeof(s_addr)) <0)
165
web_log(ERROR, "ERROR", "server cannot bind", 0);
listen(s_sock, 10);
while(1){
if((c_sock = accept(s_sock, (struct sockaddr *) &c_addr, &len)) < 0)
web_log(ERROR, "ERROR", "server accept error", 0);
85
res = pthread_create(&tid, NULL, do_web, (void *)c_sock);
void *
do_web(void *arg)
int c_sock = (int) arg;
char sndBuf[BUFSIZ+1], rcvBuf[BUFSIZ+1];
char uri[100], c_type[20];
int len;
int len_out;
int n, i;
char *p;
char method[10], f_name[20];
166
char phrase[20] = "OK";
int code = 200;
int fd; // file discriptor
char file_name[20];
char ext[20];
struct stat sbuf;
struct {
char *ext;
char *filetype;
} extensions [ ] = {
{"gif", "image/gif" },
{"jpg", "image/jpeg"},
{"jpeg","image/jpeg"},
{"png", "image/png" },
{"zip", "image/zip" },
{"gz", "image/gz" },
{"tar", "image/tar" },
{"htm", "text/html" },
{"html","text/html" },
{0,0} };
memset(rcvBuf, 0, sizeof(rcvBuf));
167
if((n = read(c_sock, rcvBuf, BUFSIZ)) <= 0)
web_log(ERROR, "ERROR", "can not receive data from web browser", n);
web_log(LOG, "REQUEST", rcvBuf, n);
p = strtok(rcvBuf, " ");
if(strcmp(p, "GET") && strcmp(p, "get"))
web_log(ERROR, "ERROR", "Only get method can support", 0);
p = strtok(NULL, " ");
if(!strcmp(p, "/"))
sprintf(uri, "%s/index.html", documentRoot);
else
sprintf(uri, "%s%s", documentRoot, p);
strcpy(c_type, "text/plain");
for(i=0; extensions[i].ext != 0; i++) {
len = strlen(extensions[i].ext);
if(!strncmp(uri+strlen(uri)-len, extensions[i].ext, len)) {
strcpy(c_type, extensions[i].filetype);
break;
if((fd = open(uri, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
code = CODE404;
168
strcpy(phrase, PHRASE404);
p = strtok(NULL, "\r\n "); // version
// send Header
sprintf(sndBuf, "HTTP/1.0 %d %s\r\n", code, phrase);
sprintf(sndBuf, "content-type: %s\r\n\r\n", c_type);
if(fd >=0 ) {
while((n = read(fd, rcvBuf, BUFSIZ)) > 0) {
write(c_sock, rcvBuf, n);
close(c_sock);
void
web_log(int type, char s1[ ], char s2[ ], int n)
169
int log_fd;
char buf[BUFSIZ];
if(type == LOG) {
sprintf(buf, "STATUS %s %s %d\n", s1, s2, n);
} else if(type == ERROR) {
sprintf(buf, "ERROR %s %s %d\n", s1, s2, n);
if((log_fd = open("web.log", O_CREAT|O_WRONLY|O_APPEND, 0644)) >= 0) {
write(log_fd, buf, strlen(buf));
close(log_fd);
if(type == ERROR) exit(-1);
</ 소스 >
170
14 장 프로젝트 - 채팅 프로그램
< 소스 chat_server_select.c>
//chat_server_select.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
#define MAX_CLIENT 10
#define CHATDATA 1024
#define INVALID_SOCK -1
int list_c[MAX_CLIENT];
char escape[ ] = "exit";
char greeting[ ] = "Welcome to chatting room\n";
char CODE200[ ] = "Sorry No More Connection\n";
171
int len;
int nfds = 0;
int i, j, n;
fd_set read_fds;
char chatData[CHATDATA];
int res;
if(argc < 2) {
printf("usage: %s port_number\n", argv[0]);
exit(-1);
if(bind(s_socket, (struct sockaddr *)&s_addr, sizeof(s_addr)) == -1) {
return -1;
if(listen(s_socket, MAX_CLIENT) == -1) {
172
return -1;
for(i = 0; i < MAX_CLIENT; i++)
list_c[i] = INVALID_SOCK;
while(1) {
nfds = s_socket;
FD_ZERO(&read_fds);
FD_SET(s_socket, &read_fds);
for(i = 0; i < MAX_CLIENT; i++) {
if(list_c[i] != INVALID_SOCK) {
FD_SET(list_c[i], &read_fds);
if(list_c[i] > nfds) nfds = list_c[i];
nfds++;
if(select(nfds, &read_fds, (fd_set *)0, (fd_set *)0, (struct timeval *)0) < 0) {
exit(1);
173
if(FD_ISSET(s_socket, &read_fds)) {
if((c_socket = accept(s_socket, (struct sockaddr *)&c_addr, &len)) > 0)
res = pushClient(c_socket);
if(res < 0) {
write(c_socket, CODE200, strlen(CODE200));
close(c_socket);
} else {
89
if((list_c[i] != INVALID_SOCK) && FD_ISSET(list_c[i], &read_fds)) {
memset(chatData, 0, sizeof(chatData));
if((n = read(list_c[i], chatData, sizeof(chatData))) > 0) {
for(j = 0; j < MAX_CLIENT; j++) {
if(list_c[i] != INVALID_SOCK)
write(list_c[j], chatData, n);
if(strstr(chatData, escape) != NULL) {
popClient(list_c[i]);
174
break;
104
int
pushClient(int c_socket) {
int i;
if(list_c[i] == INVALID_SOCK) {
list_c[i] = c_socket;
return i;
if(i == MAX_CLIENT)
return -1;
int
popClient(int s)
175
{
int i;
close(s);
if(s == list_c[i] ) {
break;
return 0;
</ 소스 >
< 소스 chat_client_select.c>
//chat_client_select.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
176
char nickname[20];
int c_socket;
int len;
char buf[CHATDATA];
int nfds;
fd_set read_fds;
int n;
if(argc < 3) {
printf("usgae : %s ip_address port_number\n", argv[0]);
exit(-1);
memset( &c_addr, 0, sizeof(c_addr) );
c_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
177
c_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
printf("Input Nickname : ");
scanf("%s", nickname);
if(connect(c_socket, (struct sockaddr *)&c_addr, sizeof(c_addr)) == -1) {
return -1;
nfds = c_socket + 1;
while(1) {
FD_ZERO(&read_fds);
FD_SET(0, &read_fds); // standard input
FD_SET(c_socket, &read_fds); // from chat server
53
if(select(nfds, &read_fds, (fd_set *)0, (fd_set *)0, (struct timeval *)0) < 0) {
exit(1);
if(FD_ISSET(c_socket, &read_fds)) {
if((n = read(c_socket, chatData, sizeof(chatData))) > 0 ) {
178
write(1, chatData, n);
65
if((n = read(0, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0 ) {
sprintf(chatData, "[%s] %s", nickname, buf);
write(c_socket, chatData, strlen(chatData));
if(!strncmp(buf, escape, strlen(escape))) {
break;
close(c_socket);
</ 소스 >
14.3 스레드를 이용한 채팅 프로그램의 구현
179
< 소스 chat_server_thread.c>
//chat_server_thread.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
void *do_chat(void *);
int pushClient(int);
int popClient(int);
pthread_t thread;
pthread_mutex_t mutex;
#define MAX_CLIENT 10
#define INVALID_SOCK -1
int list_c[MAX_CLIENT];
char greeting[ ] = "Welcome to chatting room\n";
char CODE200[ ] = "Sorry No More Connection\n";
180
int len;
int i, j, n;
int res;
if(argc < 2) {
printf("usage: %s port_number\n", argv[0]);
exit(-1);
if(pthread_mutex_init(&mutex, NULL) != 0) {
printf("Can not create mutex\n");
return -1;
181
if(bind(s_socket, (struct sockaddr *)&s_addr, sizeof(s_addr)) == -1) {
return -1;
if(listen(s_socket, MAX_CLIENT) == -1) {
return -1;
for(i = 0; i < MAX_CLIENT; i++)
while(1) {
res = pushClient(c_socket);
if(res < 0) {
write(c_socket, CODE200, strlen(CODE200));
close(c_socket);
} else {
pthread_create(&thread, NULL, do_chat, (void *) c_socket);
182
}
void *
do_chat(void *arg)
int c_socket = (int) arg;
int i, n;
while(1) {
if((n = read(c_socket, chatData, sizeof(chatData))) > 0) {
if(list_c[i] != INVALID_SOCK) {
write(list_c[i], chatData, n);
if(strstr(chatData, escape) != NULL) {
popClient(c_socket);
break;
183
int
pushClient(int c_socket) {
int i;
if(list_c[i] == INVALID_SOCK) {
list_c[i] = c_socket;
return i;
if(i == MAX_CLIENT)
return -1;
122 }
int
popClient(int s)
int i;
close(s);
184
if(s == list_c[i]) {
break;
return 0;
</ 소스 >
< 소스 chat_client_thread.c>
//chat_client_thread.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <signal.h>
185
void *do_send_chat(void *);
void *do_receive_chat(void *);
pthread_t thread_1, thread_2;
char nickname[20];
int c_socket;
int len;
char buf[CHATDATA];
int nfds;
fd_set read_fds;
int n;
if(argc < 3) {
printf("usgae : %s ip_address port_number\n", argv[0]);
exit(-1);
186
c_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
c_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
printf("Input Nickname : ");
scanf("%s", nickname);
return -1;
pthread_create(&thread_1, NULL, do_send_chat, (void *) c_socket);
pthread_create(&thread_2, NULL, do_receive_chat, (void *) c_socket);
pthread_join(thread_1, NULL);
pthread_join(thread_2, NULL);
close(c_socket);
void *
do_send_chat(void *arg)
187
char buf[CHATDATA];
int n;
int c_socket = (int) arg; // client socket
while(1) {
if((n = read(0, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0 ) {
sprintf(chatData, "[%s] %s", nickname, buf);
write(c_socket, chatData, strlen(chatData));
if(!strncmp(buf, escape, strlen(escape))) {
pthread_kill(thread_2, SIGINT);
break;
void *
do_receive_chat(void *arg)
int n;
int c_socket = (int) arg; // client socket
while(1) {
188
if((n = read(c_socket, chatData, sizeof(chatData))) > 0 ) {
write(1, chatData, n);
</ 소스 >
14.4 윈도우 기반에서 MFC 로 채팅 서버 프로그램의 구현
14.4.2 소켓 객체 CSocket::CListenSocket 과 CSocket::CServiceSocket 의 생성
#pragma once
class CChatServerDlg; --①
public:
CListenSocket(CChatServerDlg* pChatServerDlg); --②
public:
CChatServerDlg* m_pChatServerDlg; --③
public:
189
};
</ 소스 >
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "ChatServer.h"
#include "ChatServerDlg.h" --①
// CListenSocket
CListenSocket::CListenSocket(CChatServerDlg* pChatServerDlg) --②
m_pChatServerDlg = pChatServerDlg; ③
190
{
m_pChatServerDlg->ProcessAccept( ); --④
</ 소스 >
#pragma once
class CChatServerDlg; --①
public:
CServiceSocket(CChatServerDlg* pChatServerDlg); --②
public:
CChatServerDlg* m_pChatServerDlg; --③
public:
virtual void OnReceive(int nErrorCode); --④
};
</ 소스 >
191
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "ChatServer.h"
#include "ChatServerDlg.h" --①
// CServiceSocket
CServiceSocket::CServiceSocket(CChatServerDlg* pChatServerDlg) --②
m_pChatServerDlg = pChatServerDlg; ③
// CServiceSocket 멤버 함수
void CServiceSocket::OnReceive(int nErrorCode)
m_pChatServerDlg->ProcessReceive( ); --④
192
void CServiceSocket::OnClose(int nErrorCode)
m_pChatServerDlg->ProcessClose( ); --⑤
</ 소스 >
14.4.3 GUI 설계와 컨트롤에 대한 멤버 함수와 멤버 변수의 추가
< 소스 ChatServerDlg.h>
// ChatServerDlg.h : 헤더 파일
//
#pragma once
#include "afxwin.h"
// CChatServerDlg 대화 상자
class CChatServerDlg : public CDialog
193
public:
CChatServerDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL);// 표준 생성자입니다 .
enum { IDD = IDD_CHATSERVER_DIALOG };
protected:
protected:
HICON m_hIcon;
public:
CListenSocket* m_pListenSocket; --②
CServiceSocket* m_pServiceSocket; --+
CPtrList m_pServiceSocketList; --③
194
public:
CEdit m_edit_port; --④
CEdit m_edit_status; -- +
CButton m_button_start; --+
CButton m_button_stop; --+
public:
void ProcessAccept(void); --⑤
void ProcessReceive(CServiceSocket* pServiceSocket);
void ProcessClose(CServiceSocket* pServiceSocket);
void SetButtonStatus(bool bStart, bool bStop); --+
public:
afx_msg void OnBnClickedButtonStart( ); --⑥
afx_msg void OnBnClickedButtonStop( ); --+
};
</ 소스 >
< 소스 ChatServerDlg.cpp>
BOOL CChatServerDlg::OnInitDialog( )
195
// 경우에는 프레임워크가 이 작업을 자동으로 수행합니다 .
SetButtonStatus(TRUE, FALSE); --①
void CChatServerDlg::OnBnClickedButtonStart( )--②
196
charstrPort[10];
UINTuPort;
m_edit_port.GetWindowText(strPort, 10);
uPort = atoi(strPort);
if(!m_pListenSocket->Create(uPort)) {
m_edit_status.SetWindowText(_T("Fail to Create Socket"));
return;
m_edit_status.SetWindowText(_T("Socket Create"));
m_edit_status.SetWindowText(_T("Fail to Listen"));
return;
m_edit_status.SetWindowText(_T("Listening Socket..."));
SetButtonStatus(FALSE, TRUE);
void CChatServerDlg::OnBnClickedButtonStop( )--③
POSITIONpos = m_pServiceSocketList.GetHeadPosition( );
197
CServiceSocket* pClient;
while(pos != NULL) {
pClient = (CServiceSocket *)m_pServiceSocketList.GetNext(pos);
pClient->Close( );
delete pClient;
delete m_pListenSocket;
SetButtonStatus(TRUE, FALSE);
void CChatServerDlg::ProcessAccept(void) --④
if(!m_pListenSocket->Accept(*m_pServiceSocket)) {
m_edit_status.SetWindowText(_T("Fail to Accept"));
return;
m_edit_status.SetWindowText(_T("Accept Connection Request"));
m_pServiceSocketList.AddTail(m_pServiceSocket);
void CChatServerDlg::ProcessReceive(CServiceSocket* pServiceSocket) --⑤
TCHAR rcvBuffer[1024];
198
int nRead;
POSITIONpos = m_pServiceSocketList.GetHeadPosition( );
CServiceSocket* pClient;
nRead = pServiceSocket->Receive(rcvBuffer, 1024);
while(pos != NULL) {
pClient = (CServiceSocket *)m_pServiceSocketList.GetNext(pos);
pClient->Send(rcvBuffer, nRead);
void CChatServerDlg::ProcessClose(CServiceSocket* pServiceSocket) --⑥
POSITION pos;
pos = m_pServiceSocketList.Find(pServiceSocket);
m_pServiceSocketList.RemoveAt(pos);
delete pServiceSocket;
m_edit_status.SetWindowText(_T("Client Disconnect"));
void CChatServerDlg::SetButtonStatus(bool bStart, bool bStop) --⑦
m_button_start.EnableWindow(bStart);
199
m_button_stop.EnableWindow(bStop);
</ 소스 >
200
15 장 프로젝트 - FTP 프로그램
15.2 파일 처리 관련 함수
15.2.1 표준 입출력 함수를 이용한 파일 처리
< 소스 fileRead.c>
//fileRead.c
# include <stdio.h>
int c;
FILE *from;
if(argc != 2) {
fprintf(stderr, "Ussage: a.out file_name\n");
exit(-1);
if((from = fopen(argv[1], "r")) == NULL) {
perror(argv[1]);
exit(1);
while((c = getc(from)) != EOF)
printf("%c", c);
201
fclose(from);
</ 소스 >
< 소스 fileRead_fgets.c>
//fileRead_fgets.c
#include <stdio.h>
char buf[BUFSIZ];
FILE *from, *to;
if(argc != 3) {
fprintf(stderr, "Ussage: a.out in_file_name out_file_name\n");
exit(-1);
perror(argv[1]);
exit(1);
if((to = fopen(argv[2], "a")) == NULL) {
perror(argv[2]);
exit(1);
202
while(fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, from) != NULL)
fputs(buf, to);
fclose(from);
fclose(to);
</ 소스 >
< 소스 fileRead_fread.c>
//fileRead_fread.c
#include <stdio.h>
char buf[BUFSIZ];
FILE *from, *to;
int n;
if(argc != 3) {
exit(-1);
perror(argv[1]);
203
exit(1);
if((to = fopen(argv[2], "a")) == NULL) {
perror(argv[2]);
exit(1);
while((n = fread(buf, sizeof(char), BUFSIZ, from)) > 0)
fwrite(buf, sizeof(char), n, to);
fclose(from);
fclose(to);
</ 소스 >
< 소스 fileRead_read.c>
//fileRead_read.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
char buf[BUFSIZ];
int from, to;
int n;
204
if(argc != 3) {
exit(-1);
if((from = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
perror(argv[1]);
exit(1);
if((to = open(argv[2], O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_APPEND, 0644)) < 0) {
perror(argv[2]);
exit(1);
while((n = read(from, buf, sizeof(buf))) > 0)
write(to, buf, n);
close(from);
close(to);
</ 소스 >
15.3 FTP 클라이언트 프로그램의 구현
205
< 소스 ftp_client.c>
//ftp_client.c
// ftp server_address [port]
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#define STRLEN 100
#define PORTLEN 28
short cmdPort;
int cmdSock;
int dataSock;
char message[BUFSIZ];
struct _dataChannel {
char ip[STRLEN];
char chaIp[STRLEN];
char chaPort[STRLEN];
206
int c_sock;
} dataChannel;
int hash = -1;
int
if(argc == 3)
cmdPort = atoi(argv[2]);
else if(argc == 2)
cmdPort = 21;
else {
fprintf(stderr, "Usage: ftp server_address [port]\n");
exit(-1);
cmdSock = makeConnection(argv[1]);
makeLogin( );
while(1) {
processCommand( );
close(cmdSock);
207
}
int
makeConnection(char *ip)
if((cmdSock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "socket open error\n");
exit(-1);
s_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ip);
s_addr.sin_port = htons(cmdPort);
if(connect(cmdSock, (struct sockaddr *) &s_addr, sizeof(s_addr)) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "connection error");
exit(-1);
return (cmdSock);
makeLogin( )
208
char *pUser, *pPass;
int intCode;
char chaCode[STRLEN];
char sndBuf[BUFSIZ];
int n;
pUser = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * STRLEN);
memset(pUser, 0, STRLEN);
pPass = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * STRLEN);
memset(pPass, 0, STRLEN);
// make user
n = read(cmdSock, message, BUFSIZ);
intCode = getCode(message);
if(intCode == 220) {
printf("User : ");
fgets(pUser, STRLEN, stdin);
pUser[strlen(pUser) - 1] = '\0';
sprintf(sndBuf, "USER %s\r\n", pUser);
write(cmdSock, sndBuf, strlen(sndBuf));
} else {
209
fprintf(stderr, "login error");
exit(-1);
// make password
pPass = getpass("password : ");
sprintf(sndBuf, "PASS %s\r\n", pPass);
} else {
fprintf(stderr, "passwd error");
exit(-1);
// Sucess Login
fprintf(stderr, "Login Success\n");
} else {
fprintf(stderr, "Login Fail\n");
210
exit(-1);
free(pUser); free(pPass);
processCommand( )
char command[BUFSIZ];
char *pCommand;
char chaCmd[STRLEN], chaArg[STRLEN];
int nCmd;
printf("ftp > ");
fgets(command, BUFSIZ, stdin);
if(!strcmp(command, "\n")) return;
if((pCommand = strchr(command, '\n')) != NULL)
*pCommand = '\0';
if((pCommand = strchr(command, ' ')) == NULL) {
strcpy(chaCmd, command);
strcpy(chaArg, "");
} else {
strncpy(chaCmd, command, pCommand - command);
211
chaCmd[pCommand-command] = '\0';
strcpy(chaArg, pCommand + 1);
if(!strcmp(chaCmd, "ls")) {
handle_ls(chaArg);
} else if(!strcmp(chaCmd, "get")) {
handle_get(chaArg);
} else if(!strcmp(chaCmd, "cd")) {
handle_cd(chaArg);
} else if(!strcmp(chaCmd, "quit")) {
handle_quit(chaArg);
exit(1);
} else if(!strcmp(chaCmd, "put")) {
handle_put(chaArg);
} else if(!strcmp(chaCmd, "hash")) {
hash = hash * -1;
(hash > 0 ? printf("hash on\n") : printf("hash off\n"));
} else {
printf("command: ls|cd|get|put||hash|quit\n");
int
handle_quit(char chaArg[ ])
212
{
int intCode;
int n;
char rcvBuf[BUFSIZ];
// send QUIT
sprintf(sndBuf, "QUIT %s\r\n", chaArg);
n = write(cmdSock, sndBuf, strlen(sndBuf));
memset(rcvBuf, 0, BUFSIZ);
n = read(cmdSock, rcvBuf, BUFSIZ);
intCode = getCode(rcvBuf);
close(cmdSock);
return (intCode);
int
handle_cd(char chaArg[ ])
int intCode;
int n;
213
// send CWD
sprintf(sndBuf, "CWD %s\r\n", chaArg);
return (intCode);
int
handle_put(char chaArg[ ])
int intCode;
int n, cnt;
int fsize;
// make PORT
214
make_ip( );
sprintf(sndBuf, "PORT %s\r\n", dataChannel.chaPort);
if(intCode != 200)
return (intCode);
if(!strcmp(chaArg, ""))
return -1;
else if(access(chaArg, F_OK) != 0)
return -1;
// send STOR
sprintf(sndBuf, "STOR %s\r\n", chaArg);
openDataChannel( );
cnt = 0;
215
while(1) {
n = read(cmdSock, rcvBuf+cnt, 1);
if(*(rcvBuf+cnt) == '\n') break;
cnt++;
sndFile(chaArg);
} else {
return (intCode);
return (intCode);
int
handle_get(char chaArg[ ])
216
int intCode;
int n, cnt;
int fsize;
// send SIZE
sprintf(sndBuf, "SIZE %s\r\n", chaArg);
fsize = atoi(rcvBuf+3);
} else {
return (intCode);
if(fsize == 0 || intCode == 550) {
fprintf(stderr, "file error\n");
return (intCode);
// make PORT
make_ip( );
217
// send RETR
sprintf(sndBuf, "RETR %s\r\n", chaArg);
openDataChannel( );
cnt = 0;
while(1) {
cnt++;
rcvFile(fsize, chaArg);
218
} else {
return (intCode);
return (intCode);
sndFile(char *chaArg)
FILE *fp;
int n;
fp = fopen(chaArg, "r");
while((n = fread(sndBuf, sizeof(char), BUFSIZ, fp)) > 0) {
write(dataChannel.c_sock, sndBuf, n);
if(hash > 0) printf("#");
printf("\n");
fclose(fp);
219
close(dataChannel.c_sock);
rcvFile(int fsize, char *chaArg)
FILE *fp;
int nRecv = 0;
int n;
if((fp = fopen(chaArg, "w+")) == 0)
return (-1);
while(nRecv < fsize) {
n = read(dataChannel.c_sock, rcvBuf, BUFSIZ);
if(hash > 0) printf("#");
fwrite(rcvBuf, n, 1, fp);
nRecv += n;
printf("\n");
fclose(fp);
int
220
handle_ls(char chaArg[ ])
int intCode;
int n, cnt;
make_ip( );
sprintf(sndBuf, "LIST %s\r\n", chaArg);
openDataChannel( );
} else
return intCode;
221
cnt = 0;
while(1) {
cnt++;
rcvData( );
} else {
return intCode;
return intCode;
rcvData( )
int n = 0;
char rcvBuf[BUFSIZ] = {0, };
222
while((n = read(dataChannel.c_sock, rcvBuf, BUFSIZ)) > 0) {
printf("%s", rcvBuf);
openDataChannel( )
int option = 8;
int optlen;
struct sockaddr_in data_addr, c_addr;
int len;
if((dataSock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "data socket open error\n");
return;
optlen = sizeof(option);
setsockopt(dataSock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &option, optlen);
memset(&data_addr, 0, sizeof(data_addr));
223
data_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
data_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(dataChannel.ip);
data_addr.sin_port = htons(dataChannel.port);
if(bind(dataSock, (struct sockaddr *) &data_addr, sizeof(data_addr)) == -1) {
fprintf(stderr, "bind error\n");
return;
if(listen(dataSock, 1) == -1) {
fprintf(stderr, "listen error\n");
return;
if((dataChannel.c_sock = accept(dataSock, (struct sockaddr *) &c_addr, &len)) ==
-1) {
fprintf(stderr, "accept error\n");
return;
make_ip( )
unsigned short np1, np2, np3;
char chaPort1[PORTLEN], chaPort2[PORTLEN];
224
const int MAX_NIC = 10;
const char *localip = "127.0.0.1";
struct ifconf ifc;
struct ifreq ifr[MAX_NIC];
int nIF;
int s;
int cmd = SIOCGIFCONF;
char ip[PORTLEN], chaIP[PORTLEN];
int i;
struct in_addr addr;
// make IP
ifc.ifc_len = sizeof(ifr);
ifc.ifc_ifcu.ifcu_req = ifr;
if((s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "socket open error");
if(ioctl(s, cmd, &ifc) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "IOCTL error");
close(s);
nIF = ifc.ifc_len / sizeof(struct ifreq);
strcpy(ip, localip);
225
for(i=0; i < nIF; i++) {
if(ifc.ifc_ifcu.ifcu_req[i].ifr_ifru.ifru_addr.sa_family != AF_INET) {
continue;
addr = ((struct sockaddr_in *)&ifc.ifc_ifcu.ifcu_req[i].ifr_ifru.ifru_addr)-
>sin_addr;
if(addr.s_addr == htonl(0x7f000001)) {
continue;
strcpy(ip, inet_ntoa(addr));
strcpy(dataChannel.ip, ip);
i = 0;
while(*(ip + i) != '\0') {
if(*(ip + i) == '.')
chaIP[i] = ',';
else
chaIP[i] = *(ip + i);
i++;
chaIP[i] = '\0';
strcpy(ip, chaIP);
226
strcpy(dataChannel.chaIp, ip);
// make port
np1 = np2 = np3 = 0;
srand(rand( ) % (time(NULL)));
np1 = (random( ) % 248) + 7;
np2 = random( ) % 255;
np3 = (np1 * 256) + np2;
dataChannel.port = np3;
sprintf(chaPort1, ",%d", np1);
sprintf(chaPort2, ",%d", np2);
strcat(chaPort1, chaPort2);
strcat(ip, chaPort1);
strcpy(dataChannel.chaPort, ip);
int getCode(char *message)
char chaCode[5];
strncpy(chaCode, message, 3);
strcat(chaCode, " ");
chaCode[4] = '\0';
227
return (atoi(chaCode));
</ 소스 >
228

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1.1.

#define PORT 9000

char buffer[BUFSIZ] = "hello, world";

int c_socket, s_socket;

struct sockaddr_in s_addr, c_addr;

s_socket = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

if(bind(s_socket, (struct sockaddr *) &s_addr, sizeof(s_addr)) == -1) {

printf("Can not Bind\n");

c_socket = accept(s_socket, (struct sockaddr *) &c_addr, &len);

write(c_socket, buffer, n);

1.1.2 클라이언트 프로그램

#define IPADDR "127.0.0.1"

struct sockaddr_in c_addr;

c_socket = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

if(connect(c_socket, (struct sockaddr *) &c_addr, sizeof(c_addr))==-1) {

printf("Can not connect\n");

if((n = read(c_socket, rcvBuffer, sizeof(rcvBuffer))) < 0) {

printf("received Data : %s\n", rcvBuffer);

1.2 텔넷으로 웹 서버에 접속하기

1.3.1 클라이언트 프로그램

class CHelloClientDlg : public CDialog

CHelloClientDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL);// 표준 생성자입니다 .

virtual void DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX);// DDX/DDV 지원입니다 .

virtual BOOL OnInitDialog( );

afx_msg void OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam);

afx_msg void OnPaint( );

afx_msg HCURSOR OnQueryDragIcon( );

CStatic m_static_status; --①

afx_msg void OnBnClickedButtonConnect( ); --②

void CHelloClientDlg::OnBnClickedButtonConnect( )--①

// TODO: 여기에 컨트롤 알림 처리기 코드를 추가합니다 .

// HelloServer 에 연결하기 위해 소켓 오브젝트 생성하여 연결

//서버에 연결하면 서버가 바로보내는 문자열 ("Hello, World") 수신

CStringstr Buffer = _T("");

if((cbRcvd = socket.Receive(buffer, 1024)) > 0) {

class CHelloServerDlg; --①

class CListenSocket : public CSocket

CListenSocket(CHelloServerDlg* pHelloServerDlg); --②

CHelloServerDlg* m_pHelloServerDlg; --③

virtual void OnAccept(int nErrorCode); --④

#include "HelloServerDlg.h" --①

CListenSocket::CListenSocket(CHelloServerDlg* pHelloServerDlg) --②

m_pHelloServerDlg = pHelloServerDlg; --③

void CListenSocket::OnAccept(int nErrorCode)

// TODO: 여기에 특수화된 코드를 추가 및 / 또는 기본 클래스를 호출합니다 .

class CServiceSocket : public CSocket

CServiceSocket(CHelloServerDlg* pHelloServerDlg); --②

CHelloServerDlg* m_pHelloServerDlg; --③

#include "HelloServerDlg.h" --①

CServiceSocket::CServiceSocket(CHelloServerDlg* pHelloServerDlg) --②

m_pHelloServerDlg = pHelloServerDlg; --③

#include "ListenSocket.h" --①

#include "ServiceSocket.h" --+

class CHelloServerDlg : public CDialog

CHelloServerDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL);// 표준 생성자입니다 .

enum { IDD = IDD_HELLOSERVER_DIALOG };

virtual void DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX);// DDX/DDV 지원입니다 .

virtual BOOL OnInitDialog( );