Mahli, A., Koch, A., Czech, B. et al. 2015.

Hepatoprotective effect of oral application of a

silymarin extract in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Clin
Phytosci 1, 5 . doi:10.1186/s40816-015-0006-z
Dooley, James S, Anna S. F. Lok, Jenny Heathcote. 2011. Sherlock's Diseases of the
Liver and Biliary System. 12 Edition. Wiley Blackwell.

Muriel P. (2019). Fighting liver fibrosis to reduce mortality associated with chronic
liver diseases: The importance of new molecular targets and
biomarkers. EBioMedicine, 40, 35–36. doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.02.002

Lin, S. Y, Dan X, Du X. X, Ran C. L, Lu X, Ren S. J, et al. (2019). Protective Effects

of Salidroside against Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4)-Induced Liver Injury by Initiating
Mitochondria to Resist Oxidative Stress in Mice. International journal of molecular
sciences, 20(13), 3187. doi:10.3390/ijms20133187

Suckow, Mark A, Karla A. Stevens, and Ronald P. Wilson. (2012). The Laboratory
Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents. Academic Press

National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Database. Carbon

tetrachloride, CID=5943, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Carbon-
tetrachloride (accessed on Sept. 03, 2019)

Pena-Soler, E, Fernandez F J, Lopez Estepa M, Garces F, Richardson A J, Quintana J.

F, et al. (2014). Structural analysis and mutant growth properties reveal distinctive
enzymatic and cellular roles for the three major L-alanine transaminases of
Escherichia coli. PloS one, 9(7), e102139. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0102139

James S. Dooley, Anna S. F. Lok, andbJenny Heathcote. (2011). Sherlock's Diseases

of the Liver and Biliary System. John Wiley & Sons.

Paulsen, Friedrich , Tobias M. Bockers, and Jens Waschke. (2018). Sobotta Anatomy
Textbook: English Edition with Latin Nomenclature. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Parasuraman, S., Raveendran, R., & Kesavan, R. (2010). Blood sample collection in
small laboratory animals. Journal of pharmacology & pharmacotherapeutics, 1(2), 87–
93. doi:10.4103/0976-500X.72350

Romil Saxena. (2011). Practical Hepatic Pathology: A Diagnostic Approach E-Book:

A Volume in the Pattern Recognition Series. Elsevier Health Science

Kalra A, Tuma F. Physiology, Liver. [Updated 2018 Dec 18]. In: StatPearls [Internet].
Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2019 Jan

Donald C Rizzo. (2015). Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology. Cengage

Learning
Moore, Keith L, Arthur F. Dalley, and Anne M. R. Agur, Baltimore, MD. (2014).
Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 7th Edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Liu, B, Li J, Yi R, Mu J, Zhou X, and Zhao X. (2019). Preventive Effect of Alkaloids

from Lotus plumule on Acute Liver Injury in Mice. Foods. Basel, Switzerland, 8(1),
36. doi:10.3390/foods8010036

Lijie Zhu, Bin Li, Xiuying Liu & Xianjun Meng. (2013). Hepatoprotective Effects of
Triterpenoid Isolated from Schizandra chinensis against Acute Alcohol-Induced Liver
Injury in Mice. Shenyang Agricultural University, 19 (6), 1003 – 1009

Yu Guo, Suli Wang, Ying Wang and Tiehong Zhu (2016) Silymarin improved diet-
induced liver damage and insulin resistance by decreasing inflammation in mice,
Pharmaceutical Biology, 54:12, 2995-3000, DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1199042

Solhi, H, Ghahremani R, Kazemifar A. M, and Hoseini Yazdi Z. (2014). Silymarin in

treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A randomized clinical trial. Caspian
journal of internal medicine, 5(1), 9–12.

Lala V, Minter DA. Liver Function Tests. [Updated 2019 Apr 29]. In: StatPearls
[Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2019 Jan

Adewale, Olusola, Adeshina Adekeye, Christopher Akintaya, A Onikanni, and Sabiu

S. (2014). Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic damage in experimental
Sprague Dawley rats: Antioxidant potential of Xylopia aethiopica. The Journal of
Phytopharmacology.

Hall, P and Cash, J. (2012). What is the real function of the liver 'function' tests?. The
Ulster medical journal, 81(1), 30–36.

Panche, A. N, Diwan, A. D, and Chandra, S. R. (2016). Flavonoids: an overview.

Journal of nutritional science, 5, e47. doi:10.1017/jns.2016.41

Vargas-Mendoza, N, Madrigal-Santillán, E, Morales-González, A, Esquivel-Soto, J,

Esquivel-Chirino, C, García-Luna Y González-Rubio, M, et al. (2014).
Hepatoprotective effect of silymarin. World journal of hepatology, 6(3), 144–149.
doi:10.4254/wjh.v6.i3.144

Yoon, E, Babar, A, Choudhary, M, Kutner, M, and Pyrsopoulos, N. (2016).

Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity: a Comprehensive Update. Journal of clinical
and translational hepatology, 4(2), 131–142. doi:10.14218/JCTH.2015.00052

Cichoz Lach, H, and Michalak, A. (2014). Oxidative stress as a crucial factor in liver
diseases. World journal of gastroenterology, 20(25), 8082–8091.
doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i25.8082
Risal, Prabodh , Pyoung Han Hwang, Bong Sik Yun, Ho-Keun Yi, Baik Hwan Cho,
Kyu Yun Jang, and Yeon Jun Jeong. (2012). Hispidin Analogue Davallialactone
Attenuates Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice. Journal of Natural
Products. 75 (10), 1683-1689. DOI: 10.1021/np300099a

Undurti Das (2011) Essential fatty acids enhance free radical generation and lipid
peroxidation toinduce apoptosis of tumor cells, Clinical Lipidology, 6:4, 463-489

Ruyani, A., Sinta, B. D., Emilia, Zulfikar, Anansyah, F., Putri, S. R., & Sundaryono,
A. (2019). Preliminary studies on therapeutic effect of ethanolic extract of Tylophora
villosa leaves against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Journal of
traditional and complementary medicine, 9(4), 285–296.
doi:10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.08.005

David C. Hay. (2012). Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and the Liver. CRC Press.

Marcus O. Muench. (2013). Stem Cells and Progenitors in Liver Development.

Morgan & Claypool Publishers.

Prishellya, N., 2012. Isolaai Senyawa Aktif pada Daun T.villosa Blume Dan Uji
Toksisitas Terhadap Artemia salina Leach Sebagai Sumber Belajar Kimia Bahan
Alam. Tesis. Universitas Bengkulu.

Myers, P., Espinosa, R., Parr, C. S., Jones, T., Hammond, G. S., Dewey, T. A., 2018.
The Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan.

Si, Fan Liu, Bin Lin, Yu-Fei Xi, Le Zhou, Li Li Lou, Xiao-Xiao Huang, Xiao-Bo
Wang and Shao Jiang Song. (2019). Bioactive spiropyrrolizidine oxindole alkaloid
enantiomers from Isatis indigotica fortune. Org. Biomol. Chem., 16, 9430–9439

Bishayee, A, Ahmed, S, Brankov, N, and Perloff, M. (2011). Triterpenoids as

potential agents for the chemoprevention and therapy of breast cancer. Frontiers in
bioscience (Landmark edition), 16, 980–996. doi:10.2741/3730

Roy, Kuhu and Uma Iyer. (2019). The role of silymarin in the management of non-
alcoholic fatty liver disease: Time to clear the mist. Functional Foods in Health and
Disease; 9(5):126-133. https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v2i5.622

Zarezade, Vahid, Moludi, Jalal, Mostafazade, Mostafa, Mohammadi, Mohammad and

Veisi Ali. (2017). Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Artemisia dracunculus
against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine. 1-
11. 10.22038/ajp.2017.19137.1738.

Hryn, Volodymyr H, Yuriy P. Kostylenko, Valentyna P. Bilash, Olena B, and

Ryabushko. (2018). MIcroscopic Structure of Albino Rat’s Small Intestine. Ukrainian
Medical Stomatological Academy. Poltava Ukraine.