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1 4 0 1 B.Sc. Degree Examination, 2010: 210. English Composition and Business Correspondence
1 4 0 1 B.Sc. Degree Examination, 2010: 210. English Composition and Business Correspondence
( PART - II )
( PAPER - II )
given. There is, of course, still authority; few II. Write a precis of the following passage
of us have examined the evidence that the reducing into ONE-THIRD of its length.
distance of the Sun is 93,000,000 miles; or (20)
that light travels 1,86,000 miles a second.
The connection between science and
We accept these statements because we have
democracy is closer than is sometimes thought,
heard them made by people whom we
and the common link is the emphasis on free
consider worthy of belief. But we consider
discussion as opposed to authority. In the
them worthy of belief, not because they hold
unscientific age or community, there are official
an opinion which has been held from time
repositories of wisdom, such as Egyptian
immemorial, or because they can quote from
priests and Tibetan lamas. The men who
a sacred book, or because if we disagree,
possess official wisdom are - or are closely
they will cut off out heads or put our families
connected with - the men who hold political
into concentration camps. Any man is entirely
power. Resistance to what they enjoin is an
free to hold what opinion he likes about the
offence against the gods, and rouses popular
velocity of light, and the only penalty he
detestation, even when to an outsider it seems
incurs for an unusual opinion is that of being
to be in the popular interest. In such a
thought of a fool. As a result of free
mental atmosphere, despotism or oligarchy is
discussion all who are capable of forming a
easily established and perpetuated, for authority
judgement have come to agree, and their
in matters of opinion is naturally combined
authority is not enforced but based on reason.
with authority in practical affairs. But where
The habit of basing opinions on reasons, the scientific outlook has become fairly
when it has been acquired in the scientific common, it becomes customary to demand
sphere, is apt to spread to the sphere of something more than emphatic assertion or
practical politics. Why should a man enjoy appeal to ancient tradition before assent is
exceptional power of wealth merely because Turn over