Government of Karnataka

Department of Technical Education

Board of Technical Examinations, Bengaluru

Course Title : Chemical Engineering

Course Code : 15CH42T
Thermodynamics
Semester : IV Course Group : Core
Teaching Scheme (L:T:P) : 4:0:0 (in Hours) Credits : 4 Credits
Type of course : Lecture + Self study + Total Contact Hours : 52
Student activity
CIE : 25 Marks SEE :100 Marks
Programme : Diploma in Chemical Engineering.(CH)

Course Objectives:

1. Understand the and apply fundamentals of thermodynamics, laws of thermodynamics

2. Evaluate PVT behaviour and effect of heat.
3. Analyse the basic concepts such as enthalpy, entropy, heat effects etc.

Pre-requisites: Theoretical concepts of Physical Chemistry

Course Outcome

On successful completion of the course, the students will be able to attain below Course
Outcomes (CO):
CL Linked PO Teaching
Course outcome
Hours
Understand the state and path functions, work, heat,
CO1 R,U, 8
internal energy and enthalpy. 1,2,3,9,10
A
Understanding the first law of thermodynamics
CO2 R,U, 8
Evaluate simple thermodynamic processes 1,2,3,9,10
A

CO3 Understand and apply the PVT behaviour for pure R,U,
1,2,3,9,10 10
fluids. A

CO4 06
Understand and apply the concepts of heat effects. U,A 1,2,9,10
Apply the concepts of thermodynamic temperature in R,U,
CO5 10
evaluating Carnot’s cycle, understand and apply the A 1,2,3,9,10
principles of second law
CO6 Understand and apply the principles of third law of R,U, 10
1,2,3,9,10
thermodynamics A
Total sessions 52

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Legends: R = Remember U= Understand; A= Apply and above levels (Bloom’s revised
taxonomy)

Course-PO Attainment Matrix

Course Programme Outcomes

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Chemical Engineering
3 3 3 3 2 2 - 2 2 3
Thermodynamics
Level 3- Highly Addressed, Level 2-Moderately Addressed, Level 1-Low Addressed.
Method is to relate the level of PO with the number of hours devoted to the COs which address the given PO.
If >40% of classroom sessions addressing a particular PO, it is considered that PO is addressed at Level 3
If 25 to 40% of classroom sessions addressing a particular PO, it is considered that PO is addressed at Level 2
If 5 to 25% of classroom sessions addressing a particular PO, it is considered that PO is addressed at Level 1
If < 5% of classroom sessions addressing a particular PO, it is considered that PO is considered not-addressed.

Course Delivery: The course will be delivered through lectures and presentations

Course content and Blue print of marks for SEE:

Unit Hour Questions to be Marks Marks
No Unit Name set for Weightage Weightage
SEE (%)
R U A
Introduction and Basic
I 8 5 10 5 15
concepts 20

First law of
II 8 5 15
Thermodynamics 5 10 20

PVT behaviour 10
III 10 10 10 30 20

Heat effects 06
IV - 05 10 15 10

Second law of
V 10 10 20
thermodynamics 10 10 30

Thermodynamics properties
VI 10 10 20
of pure fluids 10 10 30

Total 52 40 45 65 145 100

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COURSE CONTENTS

UNIT-I : Introduction and Basic concepts: 08 hrs.

Scope and limitations of thermodynamics, System, surroundings, processes,
heterogeneous and homogeneous systems, closed and open systems, , intensive and extensive
properties, state and path functions, force, pressure and energy, equilibrium state and phase
rule, reversible and irreversible process, zeroth law of thermodynamics, heat reservoirs and
heat engines

UNIT-II : First law of Thermodynamics: 08 hrs.

General statement of first law of thermodynamics, first law of cyclic process and non
flow process, internal energy, heat capacity, Enthalpy. Derivation for closed system and
steady state flow process-flow calorimeter and heat calorimeter, simple problems.

UNIT-III : PVT behaviour 10 hrs.

P-V-T Behaviour of pure fluids, equations of state and ideal gas law, processes
involving ideal gas law :constant pressure, constant temperature, Constant Volume, adiabatic
and polytrophic processes , equation of state for real gases :Vander Waals equation, Redlich-
Kwong state, generalized compressibility chart

UNIT IV : Heat effects: 06 hrs.

Heat effects accompanying chemical reactions, the standard heat of reactions, the
standard heat of combustion, the standard heat of formation, Hess’s law of constant heat
summation, effect of temperature on standard heat of reaction, temperature of reaction,
simple problems.

UNIT-V : Second law of thermodynamics : 10 hrs.

Limitations of first law of thermodynamics, qualitative differences between heat and
work, Second law of Thermodynamics: general statement of the second law of
thermodynamics, concept of entropy, Carnot’s principles, the equivalence of the Kelvin and

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Clausius statement, thermodynamic temperature scale, Ideal gas as the Carnot engine
working substance, process involving ideal gases, adiabatic mixing process, entropy and
irreversibility, mathematical statement of the second law of thermodynamics.

UNIT-VI : Thermodynamic properties of pure fluids : 10 hrs.

Third law of thermodynamics, work functions, Classification of thermodynamic
properties, Gibbs free energy, Gibbs Helmholtz equation fundamental property relation,
fugacity, fugacity coefficient.

Course Delivery: The course will be delivered through lectures and presentations.

References:

1. Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics by K. V. Narayanan

2. Chemical Reaction Engineering-I by K. A. Gavhane.
3. Chemical Engineer’s Handbook By Robert H Perry.
4. Chemical Reaction Engineering second edition by Octave Levenspiel.

e-links:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-gSL6cc9HLg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kJlmRT4E6R0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lbPEaaKiCww
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jNPUCmkKiE4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G3vISXYom1o
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y6pGjfi8FZw

SUGGESTED LIST OF STUDENT ACTIVITIES

Note: The following activities or similar activities for assessing CIE (IA) for 5 marks (Any
one)
1. Each student should do any one of the following type activity or any other similar
activity related to the course and before conduction, get it approved from concerned
Teacher and HOD.
2. Each student should conduct different activity and no repeating should occur.

Solve simple problems on force, pressure, internal energy, work done on system
1 and surroundings.
Search through proper sources the applications of First and Second law of
2 thermodynamics and submit a report.
Solve simple problems on heat effects.
3
Summarize with relevant examples the application of Carnot’s principle.
4

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 Collect information from any source on various types of reactors used for
5 particular processes and submit a summary.

Course Assessment and Evaluation Scheme:

What To whom When/Where Max Evidence Course

(Frequency in Marks collected outcomes
the course)
CIE IA Students Three tests 20 Blue books 1,2,3,4,5,6
(average of
Direct Assessment method

three tests)
Student 05 Student 1,2,3,4,5,6
activity activity report

Total 25

SEE End End of the 100 Answer scripts 1,2,3,4,5,6

Exam course at BTE

Student Students Middle of the Feedback 1, 2,3Delivery

Feedback on course forms of course
Indirect Assessment

course
End of Course End of the
Questionnaires 1,2,3,4,5,6
Survey course Effectiveness
of Delivery of
instructions &
Assessment
Methods
Note: I.A. test shall be conducted for 20 marks. Average marks of three tests shall be rounded off
to the next higher digit.

Questions for CIE and SEE will be designed to evaluate the various educational
components such as:

Sl. No Bloom’s Category %

1 Remembrance 30
2 Understanding 30
3 Application 40

Note to IA verifier: The following documents to be verified by CIE verifier at the end of
semester
1. Blue books ( 20 marks)
2. Student suggested activities report for 5 marks
3. Student feedback on course regarding Effectiveness of Delivery of instructions &
Assessment Methods.

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 FORMAT OF I A TEST QUESTION PAPER (CIE)
Test/Date and Time Semester/year Course/Course Code Max Marks

Ex: I test/6 th weak of I/II SEM

20
sem 10-11 Am
Year:
Name of Course coordinator : Units:__
CO’s:____

Question
Question MARKS CL CO PO
no
1
2
3
4
Note: Internal choice may be given in each CO at the same cognitive level (CL).

MODEL QUESTION PAPER (CIE)

Test/Date and Time Semester/year Course/Course Code Max Marks

Ex: I test/6 th weak IV SEM Chemical Engg. Thermodynamics

20
of sem 10-11 AM Year: Course code:15CH42T

Name of Course coordinator :

Units:1,2 CO: 1,2
Note: Answer all questions

Question
Question Marks CL CO PO
no

1 Define the terms: closed system and open system. (5) R 1 1,2,3,9,10

2 Differentiate between state function and path (5) U 1 1,2,3,9,10

function

3 Derive an equation for the first law of thermodynamics (10) A 2 1,2,3,9,10

for closed system.
OR
Solve simple problems on heat capacity/ first law of
thermodynamics.

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 Format for Student Activity Assessment

DIMENSION Unsatisfactory Developing Satisfactory Good Exemplary Score

1 2 3 4 5

Collection of Does not Collects Collects Collects

Collects a 3
data collect any very limited some basic relevant
great deal of
information information; information; information;
information;
relating to the some relate refer to the concerned
all refer to
topic to the topic topic to the topic
the topic
Fulfill team’s Does not Performs Performs Performs all
Performs all 4
roles & duties perform any very little nearly all duties
duties of
duties assigned duties duties assigned
to the team team roles
role with
presentation
Shares work Always relies Rarely does Usually Does the Always 3
equally on others to do the assigned does the assigned job does the
the work work; often assigned without assigned
needs work; rarely having to be work
reminding needs reminded. without
reminding having to be
reminded
and on
given time
frame
Listen to other Is always talking; Usually does Listens, but Listens and Listens and 3
Team mates never allows most of the sometimes contributes to contributes
anyone else to talking; rarely talk too much the relevant precisely to
speak allows others topic the relevant
to speak topic and
exhibit
leadership
qualities
TOTAL 13/4=3.25
*All student activities should be done in a group of 4-5 students with a team leader.

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 MODEL QUESTION PAPER

IV- Semester Diploma Examination

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS

Time: 3 Hours] [Max Marks: 100

Note: Answer any SIX from Part A and any SEVEN from Part B
Part A

1. Define system and surroundings.

2. Explain in brief the zeroth law of thermodynamics.
3. State first law of thermodynamics and give the equation for open and closed system.
4. Show that internal energy is a state function.
5. State Ideal Gas law
6. List the characteristics of an ideal gas
7. Define a) Heat of reaction
b) The standard heat of formation.
8. Discuss Hess’s law of constant heat summation
9. Discuss the concept of entropy

Part-B 7X10=70 Marks

1. a) Differentiate between reversible and irreversible processes.

b) Potential energy of a body of mass 10 kg is 1.5 kJ. What is the height of the body
from the ground? If a body of mass 10 kg is moving at a velocity of 50 m/s what is
its kinetic energy?
2. Derive an equation for first law of thermodynamics for open system.
3. Explain the p-v behaviour of pure fluid by using two independent properties.
4. Summarize all the processes involving ideal gas.
5. Solve simple problems on heat effects
6. a) Give the general statements of second law of thermodynamics.
b) State prepositions of Carnot’s principle.
7. a) Illustrate Clausius inequality.
b) Solve simple problem on Second law of thermodynamics
8. a)Define Fugacity and give the statement relating fugacity to pressure.

b) Define Gibb’s free energy. State Helmholtz free energy

9. a) Summarize the PVT behaviour of pure fluids.
b) Summarize all the processes involving ideal gas.
10. Derive Gibb’s-Helmholtz equation.

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 MODEL QUESTION BANK

IV- Semester Diploma Examination

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS

Note : Examiners are free to set questions other than the question bank as per the
course content

UNIT-I : Introduction and Basic concepts:

Remembrance:

1. Define system.
2. Define surroundings.
3. Define the terms: closed system and open system.
4. State intensive and extensive properties
5. State reversible and irreversible process
6. State intensive and extensive properties.
7. State zeroth law of thermodynamics

Understanding:

1. Discuss system and surroundings.

2. Differentiate between state function and path function. Give examples.
3. Discuss intensive and extensive properties with examples.
4. Summarise the concept of equilibrium state and phase rule.
5. Explain in brief the Zeroth law of thermodynamics.

Application:

1. Solve problems on basic fundamental concepts of thermodynamics.

2. Perform simple calculations on heat and work.

UNIT-II : First law of Thermodynamics:

Remembrance:

1. Recall the general statement of first law of thermodynamics.

2. Define the terms: heat capacity, enthalpy

Understanding:

1. Show that internal energy is a state function.

2. Distinguish between internal energy, kinetic energy and potential energy of a system.
3. Summarize the concept of the enthalpy.

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Application:

1. Derive equation for first law for cyclic process.

2. Derive an equation for the first law of thermodynamics for open system.
3. Derive an equation for the first law of thermodynamics for closed system.
4. Solve simple problems on heat capacity, first law of thermodynamics.

UNIT-III : PVT behaviour :

Remembrance:

1. State Ideal Gas law

2. List the characteristics of an ideal gas
3. Recall the equation of the state.

Understanding:

1. Summarize the PVT behaviour of pure fluids.

2. Summarize all the processes involving ideal gas.
3. Discuss adiabatic process
4. Produce the generalised compressibility charts and summarize the concepts.

Application:

1. Derive all the equations of state for real and ideal gases for different processess.
2. Solve simple problems on second law of thermodynamics.

UNIT-IV : Heat effects:

Understanding:
1. Discuss about Standard Heat of reaction
2. Discuss about Standard Heat of combustion
3. Discuss about Standard Heat of formation
Application:

1. Solve simple problems on heat effects

2. Justify that the Hess’s law of constant heat summation is useful in thermo-chemical
calculations.

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UNIT-V : Second law of thermodynamics :
Remembrance:

1. Give the general statements of second law of thermodynamics.

2. Define entropy
3. State prepositions of Carnot’s principle.

Understanding:

1. Discuss qualitative differences between heat and work

2. Point out the limitations of first law of themodynanmics
3. Illustrate the equivalence of the Kelvin and Clausius statement.
4. Discuss the concept of entropy
5. Illustrate Clausius inequality.

Application:

1. Show that the entropy is a state function.

2. Calculate the entropy changes for the processes involving ideal gases.
3. Show that sum of dQ/T is less than or equal to zero for reversible or irreversible
processes.
4. Solve simple problems on Second law of thermodynamics & the concept of entropy
5. Derive the mathematical statement of the second law of thermodynamics

UNIT-VI : Thermodynamic properties of pure fluids:

Remembrance:

1. State third law of thermodynamics

2. Define Fugacity and fugacity co-efficient
3. Define Gibb’s free energy
4. State Helmholtz free energy

Understanding:

1. Summarize the classification of thermodynamic properties.

2. Relate fugacity and pressure

Application:

1. Derive Gibb’s-Helmholtz equation.

2. Show that the decrease in the work function accompanying a process at constant
temperature is equal to the reversible work done by the system.
3. Report the fundamental property relations

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