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Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Architecture and Applications
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Architecture and Applications
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Currently, WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) is the most standard services employed in commercial and industrial applications,
because of its technical development in a processor, communication, and low-power usage of embedded computing devices.
The WSN is built with nodes that are used to observe the surroundings like temperature, humidity, pressure, position, vibration,
sound etc. These nodes can be used in various real-time applications to perform various tasks like smart detecting, a discovery
of neighbor node, data processing and storage, data collection, target tracking, monitor and controlling, synchronization, node SEARCH
localization, and e ective routing between the base station and nodes.
Presently, WSNs are beginning to be organized in an enhanced step. It is not awkward to expect that in 10 to 15 years that the
world will be protected with WSNs with entree to them via the Internet. This can be measured as the Internet becoming a
physical n/w. This technology is thrilling with infinite potential for many application areas like medical, environmental, SPONSORED SEARCHES
transportation, military, entertainment, homeland defense, crisis management and also smart spaces. applications of wireless sensor
pressure diagram
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Wireless Sensor Network
The sensor node is a multi-functional, energy e icient wireless device. The applications of motes in industrial are widespread. A
collection of sensor nodes collects the data from the surroundings to achieve specific application objectives. The
communication between motes can be done with each other using transceivers. In a wireless sensor network, the number of
motes can be in the order of hundreds/ even thousands. In contrast with sensor n/ws, Ad Hoc networks will have fewer nodes
without any structure.
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Application Layer
The application layer is liable for tra ic management and o ers so ware for numerous applications that convert the data in a
clear form to find positive information. Sensor networks arranged in numerous applications in di erent fields such as
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IOt Devices
Sensor Architecture
Transport Layer
The function of the transport layer is to deliver congestion avoidance and reliability where a lot of protocols intended to o er
this function are either practical on the upstream. These protocols use dissimilar mechanisms for loss recognition and loss
recovery. The transport layer is exactly needed when a system is planned to contact other networks.
Providing a reliable loss recovery is more energy e icient and that is one of the main reasons why TCP is not fit for WSN. In
general, Transport layers can be separated into Packet driven, Event driven. There are some popular protocols in the transport
layer namely STCP (Sensor Transmission Control Protocol), PORT (Price-Oriented Reliable Transport Protocol and PSFQ (pump
slow fetch quick).
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Network Layer
The main function of the network layer is routing, it has a lot of tasks based on the application, but actually, the main tasks are
in the power conserving, partial memory, bu ers, and sensor don’t have a universal ID and have to be self-organized.
The simple idea of the routing protocol is to explain a reliable lane and redundant lanes, according to a convinced scale called
metric, which varies from protocol to protocol. There are a lot of existing protocols for this network layer, they can be separate
into; flat routing and hierarchal routing or can be separated into time driven, query-driven & event driven.
Physical Layer
The physical layer provides an edge for transferring a stream of bits above physical medium. This layer is responsible for the
selection of frequency, generation of a carrier frequency, signal detection, Modulation & data encryption. IEEE 802.15.4 is
suggested as typical for low rate particular areas & wireless sensor network with low cost, power consumption, density,
the range of communication to improve the battery life. CSMA/CA is used to support star & peer to peer topology. There are
several versions of IEEE 802.15.4.V.
WSN Application
Military Applications
Health Applications
Environmental Applications
Home Applications
Commercial Applications
Area monitoring
Health care monitoring
Environmental/Earth sensings
Air pollution monitoring
Forest fire detection
Landslide detection
Water quality monitoring
Industrial monitoring
Thus, this is all about what is a wireless sensor network, WSN architecture, characteristics, and applications. We hope that you
have hot a better understanding of this concept. Furthermore, any queries or to know about wireless sensor network project
ideas, please give your valuable suggestions by commenting in the comment section below. Here is a question for you, what are
the di erent types of wireless sensor networks?
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