SKIMMED MILK AS HOMEMADE GLUE OVER

COMMERCIAL GLUE:

A COMPARATIVE STUDY

AN INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

Presented to

Mrs. Sarah Marie Juba

Science Teacher/Research II Adviser

IPIL NATIONAL HIGHSCHOOL

Junior High School Dept.,Ipil, Ormoc City, Leyte

In Partial Fulfilment of the requirement in Research II- Grade 8

For SY: 2016-2017

Researchers:

Shannyn Flores

Kimberly Anne Cagoco

Mae Ann Avila

Julie Ann Maupoy

Denjabe Wagas

Vernel De Rosas Jr.

Ian Oliver Wales

 Chris Le Gan Amamangpang

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Trough cooperation- “even a little hand made a big help” which signifies the
hard work and effort with a heartful thanksgiving:

We owe our deepest gratitude to God Almighty for his countless blessings,
virtue of wisdom and hard work upon completing this research study;

To our lovely parents whose love and their appreciation is given to us. We
owe them for sharing their intelligence, passion and knowledge, and for their
moral support which boost up our energies all the time;

To our adviser, Mrs. Sarah Marie E. Juba, we thank you for extending your
precious time and expertise in correcting our study, for giving
recommendation and suggestion in making this project viable;

And to our co-member especially to her guardian Mr. Gaudioso Cañete Jr.
for letting us encode our research paper.
 Table of Contents

Title Page i

Acknowledgement ii

Table of Contents iii

Abstract IV

CHAPTER I

The Problem and its Scope

INTRODUCTION 1

The Problem

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 2

STATEMENT OF THE HYPOTHESIS

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 3

SCOPE AND LIMITATION 4

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 5

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 6-7

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH DESIGN

RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT

RESEARCH SUBJECT
 RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

RESEARCH PROCEDURE

CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

PRESENTATION

ANALYSIS/INTERPRETATION OF DATA

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY

CONCLUSION

RECCOMENDATION

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 ABSTRACT

This study aimed to ascertain the effectiveness of skimmed milk as the

material in making homemade glue and to identify the most effective, the
homemade glue or the commercial glue. The findings of this study will be
the basis for a proposed improvement in the technique of glue making.

The experiment was conducted at San Antonio, Ormoc City, Leyte to

evaluate the effectiveness of skimmed milk as homemade glue. The
researchers used skimmed milk (non-fat milk), white vinegar, baking soda,
small pan, tablespoons, measuring jug, strainer, jar, paper towels, water,
measuring cups and stove. In the conduct of experiment, procedures are
very hard to perform. First, we pour 125ml (8fl oz) of skimmed milk in a pan
and heat on the stove at 120°C (250F). we add a tablespoon of vinegar and
stir the mixture and place the mixture on the strainer over the jar when the
solid clumps of materials form on the surface pan. Second, we use a spoon
to press the clumps through the strainer and release the liquid. Third, we
remove the material from the strainer and place it back in the pan. We add
100ml (½ cup) water and a tablespoon of baking soda to the liquid. When a
casein material begin to bubble and stop use the leftover liquid as glue. In
our experiment, we notice that the homemade glue is effective, because it
can stick to materials like papers together. The product is sticky and has the
some qualities of commercial glue. We conduct testing which is most
effective according to the students of IPIL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL. So, our
glue is nice and the best!
 CHAPTER I

The problem and its scope

INTRODUCTION

Most students and teachers use glue in school to make designs for
their outputs. People such as children is not aware by the toxic behind
commercial products. As noticed, glue that are commonly used by students
are truly expensive but in reality, it is a low quality products, according to
the researchers that sought this idea to create a glue which especially
beneficial for students, particularly to students that conduct projects daily.

The group aspires to reality with changes by transforming the truth

that glue is such a financial burden and a health hazard as well. Researchers
want to make the users life better and safe.
 THE PROBLEM

Statement of the problem

This study allowed to ascertain the effectiveness of homemade glue as

a material used in making projects and other school related outputs. The
findings of the study will be the basis for a proposed improvement in glue
making out of using skimmed milk. Specifically, the study seeks to answer
the following sub-problems:

• Determine how much skimmed milk is used to this study

• Ascertain which is more effective, the homemade glue or the commercial

glue

• Is there a significant relationship between the homemade glue and the

commercial glue

Statement of the Hypothesis

Ho: There is no significant relationship in the effect of skimmed milk as

homemade glue and the commercial glue

Ha: There is a significant relationship in the effect of skimmed milk as

homemade glue and the commercial glue.
 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Since it is aim of the researchers to provide better understanding with

the effectiveness of skimmed milk as homemade glue, this study will be
helpful to the following:

To the accordance of the research results, it will help the students and
teachers to lessen harmful glue that may affect their health and it is also
much better to use rather than commercial glue that may greatly affect our
environment.

It helps the students and teachers make their files, outputs and
projects more beautiful and elegant.

It will help the entire community in state of one’s condition or health

because using homemade glue can avoid health problems and make the
surroundings clean.

It is really an environment friendly because it can cause no hazard at

all.
 Scope and Limitation

This study does not only seek to determine the relationship between
commercial glue and the homemade glue but it as well seek to understand
the importance of using skimmed milk as effective material in making
homemade glue that can make projects and school related outputs done.
 FIGURE 1

Conceptual Framework

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

1.
1. number of Gathering Data A
skimmed milk
-assessment on C
used to this
the number of
study O
ml of skimmed
2. ascertain milk use. M
which is more
-research P
effective, the
homemade glue -assessment on A
or commercial the relationship
glue of the two. R

3. significant Statistical A
relationship Treatment
T
between the
homemade glue -Tabular form of
I
and commercial data
glue V

Y
 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter represents the concepts related in the scientific

investigatory project. The researchers presents the history of glue as
adhesive and how it evolved and turned into the synthetic glue known to us
today. The materials and substances used in the investigatory project were
analysed and the reasons why they were used also discussed. The process
on how glue managed to stick object is also held in focus.

Adhesive is a sticky substance used to combine or adhere objects. A

particular example of it is the glue. The glue is the sticky jelly like substance,
used for sticking things together. These substances were used from the
ancient times and up to present.

During 18th century, either gums from plants or hides and bones of
animals are used as glues in woodworking. But these adhesives are not that
strong. But despite if this, the people used the glue to stick pieces of wood
together.

Today, glues are synthetic. They dry quickly and from really strong
bonds. The one that act the fastest are called superglues are made from
petroleum chemicals that formed into acrylic resin. When the glue is exposed
to even the smallest trace of moisture, the small molecules from longer ones
in a process called polymerization.

The glue contains acidic stabilizer that presents the adhesive

molecules to combine with this, the glue is kept liquefied. The acidic
stabilizer is neutralized when it gets in contact with moisture. Once the
stabilizer has been neutralized, the adhesive molecules combine in chains,
forming semi-solid to solid fixative.
 In this scientific investigatory project, the researchers used skimmed
milk or as so called non-fat milk instead of whole milk which has whole fat
content. It is avoid too much curdling in the mixture. The white vinegar
which is the stabilizer, will be neutralized once it gets contact with baking
soda and water which provides moisture. White vinegar was used to
maintain the color of the mixture which is white. The stabilizer which
happens to be the vinegar keeps the molecules from linking and keeps the
glue liquefied.
 CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH DESIGN

The design of our investigatory is to help our fellow classmates and

students on how to make their own glue and not to buy expensive one. In
this study, you will know how to make a homemade glue out of milk,
vinegar, baking soda, and etc. The experimental variable is the homemade
glue and the controlled variable is the commercial glue.

RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT

Our experiment is conducted in a place that is clean and peaceful. This

experiment performs and conducted at San Antonio, Ormoc City, Leyte.

RESEARCH SUBJECT

The subject regarding to this study are the people who will benefit
this:

• Students

• Workers

• Teachers

• Community
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

• MILK • JAR or EMPTY BOTTLES

• SMALL PAN • WATER

•TABLE SPOONS • PAPER

• VINEGAR • BAKING SODA

• MEASURING CUPS • STOVE

• STRAINER • FUNNEL
RESEARCH PROCEDURE

• Prepare the sauce pan and the Stove

• Pour 125ml (8fl oz) of milk into a pan

• Heat this on stove at 120°C (250°F)

• Add a 3 tablespoon of vinegar and stir the mixture

• Place the strainer over the jar and pour the mixture through the
strainer

• Use the spoon to press the clumps through the strainer and
release the liquid

• Remove the material from the strainer and place it back in the
pan on the stove

• Add 100ml (½cup) water and a tablespoon of baking soda to the

liquid

• A casein glue will begin to bubble and when it stop, the leftover
liquid can be a glue

• Place the glue on the jar or empty bottles to last longer

• If finished, use the paper to clean the area you performs the
experiment
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The results and discussion of our experiment is same as what we’ve

been researched and found. The product is sticky and has a good quality. It
doesn’t have same appearance of the research but it is still edible for we
have used the same elements to construct the product. It tastes sweet
before but has a bit fairly poor after taste. The smell of the homemade glue
is good. According to our previous experiments we noticed that the
homemade glue can last only for 2 days. We observed that the homemade
glue are closely packed together when the air enter the bottle. Glue making
can last only 5-10 minutes.

The results of our experiment are shown in the table below: texture, color,
smell, and the expiration of the previous and last experiment are indicated
below;

Figure 2

Experiment Texture Color Smell Expiration

E #1 Smooth & Yellowish Smells good Lasts for 2

sticky white days
E #2 Smooth & Yellowish Smells good Lasts for 2
sticky days
Interpretation of Data

This chapter represents the interpretation of data gathered. The

sequence of the data is based from the statement of the problem and is
shown in tabular form below.

Experiments No. of ml or milk Is this effective Significant

used that commercial relationship to
one commercial one
Sticky, has a
#1 125ml YES good smell and
fairly taste
Sticky, has a
#2 125ml YES good smell and
fairly taste

The data above shows that the homemade glue is effective and has
significant relationship to the commercial one. The problem stated is
answered now.
 CHAPTER V

SUMMARY

Glue is a sticky material (usually liquid) that can stick two or more
things together. In our investigatory project, we will make a glue that is
effective and cheap. Our problem is how much milk will use to this study,
which is more effective the homemade glue or the commercial glue and the
significant relationship of two. The homemade glue out of milk can help the
students, workers and teacher to make their outputs or school related works
clean and adorable. It also help environment lessen the pollution because of
the plastics and the cans of the commercial glue. Concepts related to the
history of glue was discussed and gather. Experiments perfectly made. Our
homemade glue is sticky and has quite the same qualities of the commercial
one. Therefore, we conclude that skimmed milk is effective for glue making
and the homemade glue is better than commercial one.
Conclusion

This study is a successful work for us. Our team made a great job in
doing or performing the study. Our farther observations really see that our
glue is effective. And it is very useful for the students for their school project
and it is very convenient to us.