BCT 102

Residential
Print
Reading
Week 10
MEP
“Mechanical
Electrical &
Plumbing”
…work coordinates with all other trades
*
 “Mechanical
& Plumbing”
•Mechanical - HVAC (Heating Venting and
Air conditioning). .
•Electrical – lighting fixtures, switches,
outlets, panels, appliances, etc.

•Plumbing - pipes, fixtures & fittings; water

supply/distribution, and waste removal.
 Mechanical
HVAC

SIMPLIST
FORM….

*
 Mechanical System-
Common types

1.Central Forced air (Furnace/fan blower

/condenser & compressors; ducts; registers/diffusers)
Heat Pump – Heat & Cooling within One unit
Most Common type of Heating/Cooling* takes heat out of inside
air (cooling) or takes heat out of outside air to heat bldg.

2.Hydronic Hot Water system

(Boilers/pipes supply hot water to Radiators/Baseboards/or tube arrays
below floor – YOUR TERMINAL UNITS – RADIANT Type Heat exchange)

3.Radiant (Control surface temp. of heating panel or Floor at

the heat source Uniform heat/reduced air movement) use Electricity to
heat Coils under floor or Piped hot (or cold) water to radiate heat
Forced Air Furnace heat house thru
convection
Two part system : central heating device-Furnace +
distribution network-Ducts

Fan blows heated air from the heat exchanger into

supply Plenum smaller branch ducts tap into plenum
air supply flows to Diffusers (in ceiling or floor
registers).

Air return grills centrally located picks up return

air and carries it back to furnace via return duct into
a return air plenum

Gas Furnaces have exterior air intake and exhaust

for the combustion chamber
Heat pump Heat pump extracts heat from
space at low temp & discharges it to another space
at a higher temp

2 heat exchangers, a compressor & expansion valve

& interconnecting pipes filled with refrigerant.
Reversing the direction of the refrig. Flow system can
either heat or Cool

Compressor sits outside the house on a concrete pad

feeding the chilled refrig. to fan coil units
Condition the air using
Nature:
• Cross ventilation
(open windows)
• Stack effect
(heat rises so remove it from
Roof area/vent opening skylights)
• Ceiling fans
(or whole house fan work
With stack effect)
• Block solar heat gain
(overhangs & low E insulated glass)
• Heat-storing
(like concrete /masonry absorb heat
& release heat slowly
Mechanical System- Forced
CONDITIONED Air

Furnace feed
heated air
through ducts
& deliver it to
registers(or
diffusers)

Return air to
system
through return
grills
separtated
from diffuser.
Mechanical System- Forced

Furnace/ducts & registers….Air intake to furnace & exhaust

 Mechanical
System-
forced air thru
ducts delivered at
the supply register
(@ floor or ceiling)

Heat pumps-One
unit heats & cools

11
Mechanical System- Hydronic
………………..Hot water

Boiler/pipes &
Radiators or Terminal
unit TU
Radiant Floor in
Detail Section
 Heat pump hooked up to furnace
with thermostat

Zones
Provide Flexibility/ temperature reading.
 Mechanical System-

Zones
Provide Flexibility/Efficiency – Control temperature of
Areas (or rooms) individually with thermostats and
Dampers

Thermostats The control for Heating & Cooling

Should be centrally located in zoned area or house to
give an average temperature reading.
Mechanical symbols in a legend on the dwg.

1.s .
Duct
layout
for
forced-
air
system
Duct layout
for forced-
air system
 RETURN AIR
GRILL

SUPPLY
DIFFUSER
(REGISTER)

Simple HVAC layout in a ceiling plan - give register

locations…heat registers often near cold area –
windows; return grill centrally located in hall
Plumbing

.
 Plumbing
…is your Water distribution System

•Waste disposal (sanitary sewage) DRAIN

WASTE VENT or DWV

•Supply -Pipes for Heat/Cold water

.
• …. gas gets piped too!
...
sewa
ge
dispo
sal is
life
safety
issue.

•Lic.
Plum
ber
insta
lls
syst
em
in
acco
rdan
ce
with
spec
s
and
local
code
s
Water Meter Housing
Water Meter
 supply
• Water enters the house in ¾” to 1”
pipe
– Pressure Reduction Valve
– 80psi coming in
– Reduce to 25 -30psi
Pressure Reduction
Valve
 ... sewage
disposal is life
safety issue.

Waste lines…
•Lic. Plumber
...for Houses pipe layout installs system
(DWGS.) are not required in accordance
as fixtures & fittings are with specs and
located on plans .... Riser local codes
diagrams are! For inspector
to see adequate
connections and pipe sizes
 TRAPS
HOUSE
STACKS
VENT
DRAINSTACKS
PIPING
&
SEWER
& PIPES
DRAINS

Sewer Line

Building Drain
VTR ... sewage
disposal

•P-trap & Air-vent for

waste disposal
system to work

•Slope of waste lines

¼” : 1’

•Vent Through Roof

VTR
P-Trap DWV
S-Trap and Drum Traps DWV
Trap Facts

• All plumbing fixtures require traps

• All traps require vents
• A critical distance must be
maintained between the trap weir
and the nearest vent
P-Traps DWV
P-Traps DWV
 5 '- 0 "

1 1/4"
WA S T E
P IP E
Vents

• Max. Distance of fixture trap from

vent
– 1 ¼” Trap 60”
– 1 ½” Trap 72”
– 2” Trap 96”
– 3” Trap 144”
– 4” Trap 192”
Vents

• What happens when the vent is too far

from the trap?
• Three options
– Increase the size of the trap
– Re-Vent
– Bow Vent (Loop Vent)
– Automatic Vent
Text

Supply Lines - Pipes shown &

 WASTE STACK

Plumbing
3 stages
of
constructi
on

1.Service
entrance
(prior to
FND.
Concrete
pour)
2.Rough-in
plumbing(
piping/drai
ns -
Inspected)
3.Finished
plumbing
install
Plumbing fixtures &
hidden in connectio
the ns (follow
GYP.
walls... Walls)
 Plumbing 3 stages
of construction

1.Service entrance
(prior to FND.
Concrete pour)
2.Rough-in
plumbing(piping/drai
ns - Inspected)
3.Finished plumbing
install fixtures &
connections (follow
Plumbing hidden in the walls...
GYP. Walls)
Plumbing AT
STREET

AT HOUSE

.
Sewage Disposal - Sewer or Septic

(AT at the street…

44
Sewage Disposal - Sewer or
Septic

45
 Plumbing
symbols found
in legend on
plumbing
drawings

•symbols can
Text vary
 Plumbing – Waste
or DWV – Riser
diagram or Single line
Dwg. shows pipe &
air vent layout &
sizes ...could be
required
for Permit
(Pipe
Diam.
shown)

VTR vent thru roof

C.O. clean out
Plumbing - PIPE
LAYOUT ....Supply
just showing hot/cold
system from water
heater (not as
common in print set) .
Single-line dwg.
RISER DIAGRAM

Required
Dwg.

Pictorial
to understand
single-line dwg.
Plumbing for hydronic heat –
like this kitchen base cabinet
toe kick heater or radiant floor
piping Required
Dwg.

Pictorial
to understand
single-line dwg.
 Mechanical
HVAC

Fixtures (Toilet/sink/tub.....) & Fittings (faucet/drain/sprayer...) to be specified

FIXTURES located on plans & Qty. – Fittings identified in schedules!

*
 Electrical
& Lighting
...of the MEP info, Elec. + Lighting
locations will be in the print set on own
sheet / or on floor plan if not too complex
a layout. *
Lighting Layout on plan with
furnishings.. ... for more complex
lighting layout RCP –
reflected ceiling plan

53
 Electrical & Lighting

….Elec. at Rough-in Stage

*
…Electrical connection to house from source
Electrical & Lighting Symbols -

on interior
Elevation on plan

…. With Some updates & missing info

Electricity
outlet symbols

S INGL E R E C E P T A C L E O UT L ET

S INGL E R E C E P T A C L E O UT L ET
Electricity
outlet symbols

D UP L E X R E C E P T A C L E O UT L E T
S P L IT - C IR C UIT

WP

WE A T HER P R O O F
R ECEP TA CLE
O UT L ET
Electricity
symbols

EL EC T R IC R A NG E/
C O O K T O P O UT L E T
Electricity
outlet symbols

F L O O R S ING L E
R ECEP TA CLE
O UT L ET

F L O O R D O UB L E
R ECEP TA CLE
O UT L ET
Electricity
outlet symbols

G R O UND FA UL T C IR C UIT
INT E R UP T E R R E C E P T A C L E
O UT L ET

G FC I F A N O UT L E T
Electricity
outlet symbols
S P E C IA L P UR P O S E O UT L E T

WIR E D D IR E C T

DW

HEA T L A MP
Electricity
lighting symbols

WA L L S C O NC E
Electricity
lighting symbols

T R A C K L IG HT ING
Electricity
lighting symbols

HA NG ING C E IL ING FIX T UR E

Electricity
lighting symbols

LOW V OLTA GE
T R A NS F O R ME R

T
L

B UIL T - IN L O W V O L T A GE
T A S K L IG HT
Electricity
lighting symbols

R E C E S S E D C E IL ING
V A P O R L IG HT
Electricity
lighting symbols

T E L E V IS IO N CA BLE
O UT L ET O UT L ET

TV C
Electricity
lighting symbols

B UIL T - IN F L UO R E S C E NT
T A S K L IG HT
 Electricity
lighting symbols

R E C E S S E D C E IL ING
D O WN L IG HT ING
Electricity
special purpose symbols

C L O C K HA NG E R
R ECEP TA CLE

C
Electricity
special purpose symbols

FAN
T E L E P HO NE O UT L E T
R ECEP TA CLE

INT E R C O M
Electricity
special purpose symbols

T HER MO S T A T G A S S UP P L Y

T G

S MO K E D E T E C T O R
Electricity
special purpose symbols

HEA T R E GIS T ER
Electricity
switch symbols

S Single pole switch

S2 Double pole switch

S3 Three way switch

S4 Four way switch

S DM Single pole switch w/

dimmer
S3DM Three way switch
w/dimmer
 Lights and
outlets in
kitchen &
bath areas

...similarities
from house to
house
GFCI

GFCI – ground
fault circuit
interrupter
(outlet for
 ... walk through the house at the
front door looking at outlets and
light switches

Outlets & Switches Interior Elevations

…regulated by NEC code
code
regulates
min. number
of outlets
placed...

NEC National
Electrical
Code ...work
performed by
lic. Electrician
for
occupancy
 Electrical
• A ampere =rate of flow
• V voltage = force ampere move by
• W wattage = how much elec. Is used or Power use

AxV=W

.
 Electrical
Amps used to rate appliances

Volts varying pressure at service panel (120/240V typ. for USA house)

Amps to size circuit breaker (Kwh use is elec. measured at meter (or 1000 watt hours = 1
Kwh)