SMART AND

LIVABLE UDAIPUR
TRANSFERRING INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE

RAMBOLL TOGETHER WITH THE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE

2 SMART AND LIVEABLE UDAIPUR

HOLISTIC PLANNING FOR

SMART LIVEABLE CITIES

In Ramboll, we help cities to Ramboll’s smart city offering

become more smart and liveable in originates from years of experience
order to improve their competitive working in Copenhagen and
edge through a full suite of Singapore. Both cities rise among
competencies necessary to provide their peers as cities that are able to
a cutting-edge city. We have formulate smart strategies, create
worked with green field smart infrastructure concepts and
development as well as retrofitting to implement smart technologies.
older cities. Both cities are extremely efficient
and competitive and they are at the
Through our Liveable Cities Lab, same time among the most liveable
we are continuously exploring the cities in the world.
complex dilemmas of cities, their
drivers and pressures to keep their In February 2016, Ramboll together
identity as a home for its people in with the National University of
a rapidly changing world. Singapore, the Department for
Urban Planning and Landscape
Architecture, conducted a pilot
study in Udaipur. The study focused
on the smart city challenge, where
Udaipur is selected as one of the
20 cities in the first round. 9 master
RAMBOLL’S HOLISTIC URBAN degree students and experts from
DEVELOPMENT SERVICE OFFERING Ramboll studied existing plans
and proposals and formed their
own vision for a smart and liveable
Udaipur.
Strategic Architecture
urban
governance
& sustainable The pilot study has been a great
design
translator between the solutions
and management tools provided in
Waste Liveable Northern Europe, the experience
management public spaces
of Singapore as the smartest and
most liveable Asian city and the
reality of Udaipur. This has given
Holistic city
planning input to a Ramboll initiative on
Health, sustainability how to transfer experiences into a
Urban and liveability appraisals
environmental Biodiversity concept of a Smart Liveable Indian
quality in cities
Strategic environmental City. This leaflet demonstrates
assessments
some of the opportunities.
Smart city concepts
and technologies

Blue/green Mobility
infrastructure solutions
design

Urban water Energy

management strategy
 SMART AND LIVEABLE UDAIPUR 3

OPPORTUNITIES

01 Bishan-Ang Mo Kio Park, Singapore

62 hectares of parkland in the heart
of Singapore have been redesigned
to make room for nature and
new recreational spaces. A utility
concrete water channel has been
transformed into a 3.2km naturalised
river that functions as an effective
water drainage system and a vibrant
attraction that brings local communities
together. Udaipur could use blue-
green infrastructure for managing
stormwater and improving biodiversity.

02 Nordhavn (Old port area), Denmark

Nordhavn is Scandinavia’s largest city
development project and rethinks how
ways of living can be combined with
sustainable energy, environment, traffic
and cityscape solutions. During the
next 50 years, the area will be extended
to accommodate 40,000 inhabitants
and 40,000 workplaces. Ramboll
is working together with architect
partners assisting the Nordhavn SPV
from planning to implementation.
Udaipur should think holistically.

03 Masterplan,
01 Kallang River Side, Singapore
In Singapore‘s 2008 Master Plan, the
Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA)
identified Kallang Riverside as a growth
area to be developed over the next 10
to 15 years. Sited along the waterfront
and in close proximity to the city, the
area will be a prime residential and
hotel urban village developed to be
the first water sensitive urban design
(WSUD) precinct in the region. Ramboll
Studio Dreiseitl developed (2012-
2013) the landscape master plan for
the Kallang River Side. Udaipur could
include biodiversity in planning.

04 Fujairah 2040, UAE

The Emirate of Fujairah is proactively
seeking to develop and implement
a strategic direction that considers
the emirate’s potential economic,
environmental and development
needs beyond 2040. Ramboll
produced the ’Master Plan Fujairah
2040’ including the business plan
for its implementation; presenting
02
an integrated sustainable growth
encompassing the realms of economic,
social, urban, rural, infrastructure,
environment, cultural heritage and
sustainability in the local and regional
context. Udaipur could create a business
plan for the smart liveable city.

03 04
4 SMART AND LIVEABLE UDAIPUR
UPGRADING
THE WALLED CITY
The Pilot Study focused on
safeguarding the Udaipur cultural
identity, on introducing blue-green
infrastructure for storm water
management, and on enhancing
the biodiversity.
Although Udaipur is known mainly
for its lakes, it also has very
beautiful historic gates as part of
the city walls. However, the gates
are left hidden and isolated within
the walled city. Most of them are
now used as traffic islands or
01
roundabouts surrounded with
chaotic traffic.
Of the 10 existing gates of the
walled city, three of them: Suraj Pol,
Delhi Gate and Hathi Pol, have been
part of the pilot study where the
focus has been to solve the traffic
situation. Detailed analyses have
been undertaken at the Ganaur
Ghat. Ramboll recommends using
smart 3D scanning to establish the
cultural heritage building envelopes
and prepare drawings of the
existing situation. A reorganisation
and clean-up of the existing power
cables is a must, and the waste
collection must be smart.
Blue-green infrastructure for
storm water management
Usually we think of a city as
buildings, roads, concrete, asphalt
and all the other hard, grey
elements. But what if the city has
more than one layer? What if we
define a city by looking at water
and vegetation as well? These
elements shape and improve
human life. We call this Blue- Green
Infrastructure (BGI) – the essential
layer in a liveable city.
Ramboll’s Liveable Cities Lab,
together with international
university partners including
the University of Singapore, has
conducted a research project
on BGI. A number of options
are available in Udaipur for
management of both grey and blue
water.
Connectivity analyses as a basis
for urban planning
Quality of life in cities is closely
connected to biodiversity and
increasing urban biodiversity
will include richer biotopes and
landscape connectivity, protection
of aquatic ecosystems, and
creation of zones with high levels
of biodiversity to sustain flora and
fauna.
Connectivity analyses provide
a system perspective on
landscapes and cities. Areas
linked to ecosystem services are
made visible in the landscape
and can be assessed from a
system perspective, and a mutual
understanding on how the
landscape fits together and why
some areas are more important
from a network point of view is
established. The biodiversity in
and around Udaipur is rich and
the February 2016 pilot study of
the walled city has demonstrated
a potential for increased urban
biodiversity and connectivity within
the walled city as well as between
the walled city and the surrounding
lake system.
 SMART AND LIVEABLE UDAIPUR 5

02
OPPORTUNITIES
01 Gangaur Ghat
Gangaur Ghat, the water gate, hosts
several opportunities including
integrating different functions and
establishing a cleansing biotope for
storm water. New amenities for bathing
and swimming could be developed.

02 Blue-green infrastructure for storm

water management
Mechanical and biological treatment
of water discharge in the river
corridor with integrated green
cleansing biotopes. Increasing the
visibility and connection to the river
by adding viewpoints, riverside
boardwalks by the river’s edge.

03 3D scanning and
heritage conservation
Ramboll’s advanced 3D scanning
capabilities can create detailed digital
models of historical buildings that yield
cost savings in renovations by enabling
faster project execution and fewer
errors in the construction phase. The
technique has been applied to buildings
in Copenhagen and Kristiansand
deemed worthy of preservation.

03 04 04 Biodiversity connections
The MatrixGreen network analysis
describes the biodiversity
connections for the indicator: the
Ring-necked Parakeet. The analysis
identifies the patches that are
most important for the network
and how to prioritise biodiveristy
supplementing and maintenance.

05-1,2 Smart waste bins

How smart should infrastructure
be? Pros and cons for the degree of
technology applications should be
considered. Left: low technology in the
form of a sticker telling to SMS when
full (Denmark), and right: waste bins
with sensors telling the central control
room, when the bin is full (Sweden).
05-1 05-2
6 SMART AND LIVEABLE UDAIPUR
WATER
INFRASTRUCTURE
All drinking water systems have
losses depending on the
infrastructure as well as the
incentives to save water.
A well run system will keep the
level of losses in the low teens. The
best systems will achieve around
3%. Older systems with poorly
maintained infrastructure may
lose up to 40% before water has
reached the customers, in particular
if there are no incentives to save
water.
01
In India, production of drinking
water is subsidised, not delivery of
water. With water losses of perhaps
30-50% in the network, 30-50%
of the subsidy payment may
therefore have no benefit and be
lost completely. Financial losses in
Udaipur’s walled city may be up to
80-100 million INR/ year
By introducing Danish experience
of reducing water losses in
drinking water systems, half of
the water losses could likely be
saved. Introducing smart metering
02
at the inlet pumping stations, in
defined delivery districts and for
individual consumers, will provide
insights into where the most
critical areas can be found. A smart
refurbishment plan should start
with reducing losses where they are
the largest.
A SCADA system and a hydraulic
model of the network will
support monitoring, control and
maintenance planning.
Furthermore, water efficiency
could be supported by improved
incentives, information and
awareness-raising.
Waste water treatment
and discharge
Retrofitting wastewater systems
is a substantial problem in many
cities in India, but small localized
wastewater treatment plants
may be a possibility to avoid long
transmission lines and to introduce
more system flexibility for further
treatment in larger centralized
waste water treatment plants.
Based on a traditional system
design, various possibilities for
handling the wastewater in a
smarter way could be applied,
including blue-green infrastructure
as a central part of the storm water
management.
Employing specialist flow regulator
technology ensures protection and
regulation of sewers. Unhygienic
overflows will be reduced and
the system is easily adaptable
if weather conditions change in
the future. Having no moving
parts, being powered by gravity
and made of durable materials,
operation and maintenance costs
are minimised.
 SMART AND LIVEABLE UDAIPUR 7

OPPORTUNITIES

01 Losses in water supply

network, India
Danish competences in how to detect
leakages in drinking water networks
has already been demonstrated in a
pilot project in Rajkot in Gujarat. The
study showed also that there is no
incentive to safeguard the integrity
of the network. Udaipur should
readdress the incentive and tariff
system for the urban water systems.

02 Smart water breaks on

the drainage system
During heavy rainfall the drainage
system will overflow. Mosbaek Smart
water breaks are without moving parts
and therefore easy to maintain. They
are fully protecting the lower part of the
drainage system against overload and
flooding. The design allows passage of
the designed discharge, independent
of the variation of the inflow and
water pressure at the regulator.

03 Intelligent waste water handling

in Copenhagen
Copenhagen utilises the full potential
of joint management of the combined
sewage and storm water system and
the wastewater treatment plants. A
system of automatically opening and
closing pumping stations and valves
is based on rain radars built into the
system. A comprehensive calibrated
model is used as a management tool
for ensuring that the water quality in
the Copenhagen harbour is safe for
swimming. Control of the urban water
systems in Udaipur will ensure good
water quality in the lake system.
03 04 Upgrading Udaipur’s
wastewater system
The wastewater system could be
improved using localised and flexible
systems that build on the traditional
drainage system in the walled city.

04
8 SMART AND LIVEABLE UDAIPUR
IMPROVING
MOBILITY
01
NEXT PRACTICES IN
UDAIPUR’S FUTURE
• Capitalise on density
• Make all daily trips walkable
• Prioritise public transport
• Design for
comfortable travel
• Provide balanced
travel choices
• Be strategic about parking
• Deliver goods conveniently
• Engage the community
with information
• Take advantage of
sustainable energy
resources
Udaipur’s unique urban for both passenger and freight
configuration, with its historical movements.
walled city centre inside and
greater urban region outside Outside the walls, our approach
provides the perfect opportunity to aims to easily connect Udaipur to
envision a progressive, smart city a much needed modern regional
that capitalises on the most transportation system that may
innovative practices to strengthen include high speed rail, regional
the economy, improve the social commuter rail, trams, and advanced
conditions, and preserve the highway telematics systems
historical context. that help drivers understand
both roadway conditions and
Whereas the narrow streets and availability of preferred commuting
dense blocks of the inner city are connections, such as park-and-ride.
commonly described as challenges
to transport, we see them as a
strategic advantage. The wall itself
can serve as a critical threshold
between the quieter, slower, more
traditional inner city context and
the larger, faster, higher volume
outer systems that require greater
physical volumes to exist.
Perhaps most important is the
acknowledgement that the
juxtaposition of the city inside
and outside the walls makes it
extremely difficult to connect the
high quality urban nature of the
internal roadways to the limited
external roadway network used to
circumnavigate the greater Udaipur
region in such a way as to distribute
traffic volumes generated by the
city in several directions and reduce
the impact of site-generated traffic
on adjacent highways. Essentially,
there are currently too few external
connections and their capacities
are too low.
Inside the walls, our approach aim
is to integrate a pedestrian-focused
plan that supports innovative
personal rapid transport (PRT)
solutions, as well as modernised
human-powered/electric hybrid
assist technologies to allow the
inner city to function smoothly
 SMART AND LIVEABLE UDAIPUR 9

02
OPPORTUNITIES

01 Overall traffic flow must be fixed

To avoid dense traffic in the Walled
City, vehicles have to be routed
around the Walled City; long
distance connections should be
managed far outside the centre.

02 The gates will welcome

new social activities
Diverting traffic outside the city walls
will enable the gates to become
attractive areas for street food,
markets, exhibition spaces, and
multifunctional communal spaces.

03-1,2 Transportation within

the walled city
03-1 03-2 Driverless vehicles were tested at
the 2015 Housing Fair in Vantaa,
Finland. Visitors were transported
by two vehicles within a closed zone
between the train station and the
gates to the fair. A study carried out by
Ramboll documented that driverless
vehicles are ideally suited for feed
and shuttle services. In Udaipur, such
vehicles could operate along a loop
system which will help to improve
accessibility to destinations in the city.
10 SMART AND LIVEABLE UDAIPUR
CREATING
THE BUSINESS CASES
01
UDAIPUR’S
17 FOCUS AREAS
• Natural purification and
real time monitoring
of lake water quality
• 24/7 water supply
• Rehabilitation of existing
sewerage system
and expansion
• Recycling waste water
and reuse in industry
• Storm Water Drainage
• Restoration of 85km
road network, 8km
heritage walks
• Improved traffic circulation
• Smart parking
• Heritage building
conservation
• Rehabilitation of
power distribution
• Open space, water front,
public conveniences
• Solid waste
• Smart Classrooms –
government schools
• Health ATM & Telemedicine
• Public WiFi spots
• Mobile App for
tourist facilities
• City surveillance
A total of 17 individual areas have
been selected for Udaipur’s Smart
City programme.
The Udaipur SPV will work with
these projects areas and plan,
appraise, approve, release funds,
implement, manage, operate,
monitor and evaluate the proposed
projects. All projects must as a
requirement demonstrate public
benefit outcomes.
A transparent baseline requires
data overview
Smart City decisions should
be taken based on holistic and
adequate information on the
existing situation. Data governance
is today following the different
sectors, and information is not
necessarily complete. The SPV
should therefore establish and
maintain an overarching uniform
geographical referenced data
platform. The data platform should
also be the backbone in a new
smart control centre for the city.
The Udaipur Triple-Helix
Studies of e.g. Nordic Cities have
shown that the most successful
cities are those who are able to
connect to both the business and
to academia – the so-called triple-
helix. The SPV should therefore
be active in engaging with its
stakeholders, most importantly the
tourism sector in order to ensure
that this sector is economic, social
and environmental sustainable.
Project Prioritisation to create
Green Growth
World Bank assesses that the cost
of environmental degradation in
India may higher than 5% of the
GDP with significant contributions
from the air and water sectors
(2013). Udaipur is no exception, and
the city confirms by the Smart City
proposal that clean air and water
are the most important sectors
when improving public health, and
creating a sustainable and liveable
city.
Experience from Copenhagen
shows that investments into
sustainability and liveability create
a more attractive city that in
turn attracts business and new
inhabitants. This creates a positive
spiral for enhancing green growth.
Project appraisals
Ramboll focuses on people and
their framework conditions.
Our Liveability assessment tool
appraises individual and groups of
initiatives to enhance the possibility
for cities to become more liveable
by keeping and developing
cultural identity, public health and
opportunities for people to prosper.
The Ramboll framework for socio-
economic project appraisals
includes:
• Ownership and financing
models: Analysis of different
ownership and financing models.
• Welfare Economic Model:
Analysis of the cost and
benefits for the society as a
whole taking the ownership
models into account.
• Distributional effects: Analysis
of the distributional effects for
the different parties taking the
ownership models into account
(e.g. the state; citizens).
• Sustainable development:
Qualitative analysis of how the
project(s) support the overall
sustainable development of the
local, regional and national area.
• Risk and Sensitivity analysis.
 SMART AND LIVEABLE UDAIPUR 11

OPPORTUNITIES

01 Jeddah Social and Environmental

Master Plan (2014)
Ramboll prepared a cost of
environmental degradation (COED)
study for the 4 mio inhabitant city of
Jeddah at the Red Sea. The COED was
found to be approx. 1 bioUSD/year
with the largest contributions from the
air and water sectors. The COED was
used to show the positive business
case for investing into sustainability.
Udaipur could make a COED baseline
to show the business case.

02 Copenhagen CO2 neutral city in

2025
Ramboll prepared in 2009 a complete
strategy and plan for how Copenhagen
will become a carbon neutral city
in 2025. The socio-economic gains
will be at least 1 bio dkk yearly
from savings in the use of heating
and electricity. Carbon neutrality is
integrated into urban planning and
the power production is converted to
biomass and windmills. Udaipur should
review tariff and incentive schemes to
ensure that benefits are harvested.

02 03 Copenhagen Connect (2015)

Ramboll assessed the potential of big-
data, i.e. what a new city-wide wireless
and cabled digital infrastructure
will bring to citizens, businesses,
organisations and researchers. The
assessment also included sensor
technology that in real-time will identify
and enable efficient problem solving.
The analysis identified 13 areas where
smart internet is perceived relevant
in Copenhagen. Based on today’s
usage, the benefits are estimated to be
more than 0,5 bio Euro/year. Udaipur
should establish a business case for
a city-wide digital infrastructure.

04 Open data in the two largest

Danish cities (2015)
03 04 Both Copenhagen and Aarhus have
entered into a strategy of publishing of
accessible and open data. This is done
via an open internet portal, and aims to
GDP, ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND CO2 EMISSIONS bring together private data and open
IN DENMARK 1990-2013 public sector data to create better
public solutions and new business
opportunities for companies. Ramboll
1,5 is a beneficiary of this strategy, and can
1,4 as a business recommend open data
for Udaipur. Udaipur should consider,
1,3 if open data could be a benefit for
1,2
e.g .the Triple-Helix development.

1,1

0,9

0,8
Gross energy
0,7 consumption
CO2 emissions
0,6 GDP
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2013

Source: Statistics Denmark and the Danish Energy Agency

12 SMART AND LIVEABLE UDAIPUR

Ramboll
Ramboll is a leading engineering, design and consultancy
company with 13,000 experts across 35 countries.
We constantly strive to achieve inspiring and exacting
solutions that make a genuine difference to our clients,
end-users and society as a whole. www.ramboll.com

The National University of Singapore

A leading global university ranked as Asia’s top university
by Quaquarelli Symonds University Rankings in 2015, NUS
is Singapore’s flagship higher education institution. NUS
offers a global approach to education and research, with a
focus on Asian perspectives and expertise. www.nus.edu.sg

Contacts
Neel Strøbæk
Ramboll Group Market Director,
Planning & Urban Design
T: +45 51618641
E: nes@ramboll.com

Professor Herbert Dreiseitl

Director, Ramboll Liveable Cities Lab
T: +49 7551 308330
E: herbert.dreiseitl@ramboll.com

WWW.RAMBOLL.COM