Republic of the Philippines

Eastern Visayas State University

Tacloban City

Administration and Supervision in Science Education

MAED-ASE
Name: Renalyn L. Añano

Name of Instructor: Prof. Ronald Madera

Schedule: Saturdays, 3:30-6:30

TOPIC: Legal Bases of School Administration and Supervision

SUBTOPIC: Laws Related to School Administration and Supervision,

Teaching Personnel, and School Curriculum

OBJECTIVES: To determine the different laws which lead to the formulation

and implementation of the school administration and supervision, teaching
personnel, and school curriculum

REFERENCES:

(1) https://www.slideshare.net/norgielynflores/legal-bases-of-school-
administration?qid=e75e9388-094a-4a66-9a36-
306159af46fd&v=&b=&from_search=2
published on July 1, 2014 by Norgielyn Flores
(2) https://www.slideshare.net/ceygloria/short-bond-paper-
1?qid=e75e9388-094a-4a66-9a36-
306159af46fd&v=&b=&from_search=1
published by Cey Gloria on November 3, 2013

CONTENT:

LEGAL BASES OF SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION & SUPERVISION

Historical Sketch

The Administration and Supervision of the Philippines government in

the early part of American regime was entrusted to the Philippine
Commission appointed by the president of the United States. The Second
Commission, headed by William H. Taft, was created in 1901. To cooperate
with militaries authorities in the islands and to open the way for the
establishment of the civil government. All legislative function of the military
government was transferred to the Second Philippine Commission.

Laws Related to School Administration and Supervision

School laws give authority, purpose and direction to school

administrators, supervisors, and classroom teachers. The legal enactments
in this country which has bearing on the status of school administration and
supervision are the following:

• The Philippine Constitution

The most important legal basis of the administration and supervision is

found in certain provision of the Philippine Constitution. Section 8 of Article
XV state that “all educational institutions shall be under the supervision of
and subject regulation by the states”. It is the most important legal basis of
the administration and supervision.

• Act No. 74 of the Philippine Commission

The administration of the Philippine Government during the early part of the
American occupation was in the hands of the Philippine commission whose
members were appointed by the President of the United States. The
commission on January 21, 1901, passed Act No. 74, Section 1 of which
established a Department of Public Instruction, which has executive control
and general supervision of all schools already established by the Military
authorities. Between September 1900 and august 1902, the Philippine
commission issued 499 laws and one of these was the Act No. 74. A highly-
centralized public school system was installed in 1901. It created heavy
shortage of teachers so the pc authorized the General Superintendent to
bring 600 teachers to the Philippines. They were the Thomasites.

• Commonwealth Act No. 586

This act is known as the Educational Act of 1940 which provides the
legal basis of the present six-year elementary course, the double single
session, the school entrance ages, and national support of elementary
education. It was approved on August 7, 1940 during the Commonwealth
Period. The primary course included grades 1-4 while the intermediate
course included grades 5-7. However, this act was amended by the Republic
Act 896 which is known as the Elementary School Act of 1953. This new law
restores Grade 7 VII which was abolished by the Education Act 1940.

• Executive Order No. 94 (Based on the Reorganization Act of 1947)

This law gives the Secretary of Education executive supervision over

the Bureau of Public School and the Bureau of Private Schools, the Bureau
of Public libraries, the Institute of national language, and the Philippine
Historical Committee.

• Republic Act No. 1124

This act created by the Board of Education, according to this law, the
Board of the National Education is a policy making body. This body has the
duty to formulate, implement, and enforce general educational objectives
and policies. However, the number of members was reduced from 15 to 8 by
the virtue of Republic Act No. 4872. The old Board of National Education of
15 members has been inoperative for several years. It was only July 1967
that the new board of eight members under the new law was reconstituted.

• Presidential Decree No. 1

This decree made a thorough going revamp of the executive branch of

the government. It abolished the Bureau of Private Schools and Public
Schools. The decree created the Bureau of Elementary Education, Bureau
of Secondary Education, and the Bureau of Higher Education. To facilitate
administration and supervision of our educational system, the whole PH was
divided into 11 regional offices. There were 11 regional offices with a
Regional Director and Assistant Regional Director each. All regional offices
are under the control of Secretary of Education.

Laws Related to Teaching Personnel

• Commonwealth Act No. 117

This act places the public school teachers under Civil Rules and
Regulations as to their examination, appointment, transfer, separation,
suspension, and reinstatement. This Act also protects tenure of office.

• Commonwealth Act No. 578

 This law recognizes supervisors, teachers, and professors of public
and recognized private schools as person in authority. A person in authority
is one who is directly vested with jurisdiction to execute or enforce laws.

• Republic Act No. 660

This act amended Section 12 of the Commonwealth Act 186. This Act
provides for automatic retirement at the age of sixty-five years, if the teacher
has completed fifteen years of service, and if he is not, he shall allow to
continue service until he has completed fifteen years unless is otherwise
eligible for disability retirement. An employee may be allowed to continue to
serve after the age of 65 years, if he possess special qualifications and his
services are needed.

• Republic Act No. 4461

This act is known as the Teachers’ Meeting Law. This law provides that
the teachers meeting shall not be called on Saturdays. This concept is based
on the contention of teachers that Saturdays is not a working day as
observed by the government employees.

• Republic Act No. 1880

This act amended Sections 562 and 564 of the revised administrative
code. It prescribed the legal hours of labor to 8 hours a day, 5 days a week,
or 40 hours a week. It also states that government employees may be
allowed 5 hours of service from April to June 15 inclusive upon the discretion
of the President of the Republic.

Laws Related to School Curriculum

• Department Order No. 5, s. 1955

The Secretary of Education provides that religious instruction may be

scheduled during the school session in such a way as to enable the teacher
in religion to teach in the public school building for more than one thirty-
minutes period a day, three times a week, to different groups of pupils in the
same school, provided no pupil is given instruction under this arrangement
for more than the maximum length of time allowed by law.

• Republic Act No. 1425 (otherwise known as Rizal Law)

 This act requires that courses on the life, works and writings of Jose
Rizal, particularly his novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo shall be
included in the curricula of all private and public schools, colleges and
universities. These courses shall be given as a part of the school studies
and/or language arts in the high school; and the social sciences in the
colleges and universities. It was to pay tribute to the national heroes’
devotion in developing Filipino character.

• Presidential Decree No. 6-A

This decree is known as Educational Development Decree of 1972.

Under this decree, education will aim to attain the national development goal,
particularly the acceleration of economic development and social progress,
to assure the maximum participation of all the people in the attainment and
enjoyment of the benefits of such growth, and to strengthen national
consciousness and promote desirable cultural values of the people. To
accomplish those aims, educational efforts are to be directed toward broad
general education, training of manpower in the middle-level skills,
development of high level professions that will provide leadership for the
nation and extension of knowledge through research, and systematic
planning to meet changing needs and conditions.