I.

Introduction
A. Focus of the Study of "Phenotypic Assessment of the Effectiveness of Different
Concentration Musa acuminata (Banana) Peel to the Growth of Solanum tuberosum
(Potato)"
II. Body
A. Definition of Phenotypic Assessment, Musa acuminata and Solanum tuberosum
B. Benefits of Musa acuminata (Banana) Peel
C. Benefits of Solanum tuberosum (Potato)
D. Musa acuminata (Banana) Peel is Effective as Fertilizer of a Solanum tuberosum (Potato)
III.Conclusion
A. Difference of Musa acuminata to other Chemical Fertilizer
IV. References
“Phenotypic Assessment of the Effectiveness of Different Concentration Musa acuminata
(Banana) Peel to the Growth of Solanum tuberosum (Potato) “
This study entitled “Phenotypic Assessment of the Effectiveness of Different
Concentration Musa acuminata (Banana) Peel to the Growth of Solanum tuberosum (Potato)”
intends to find out if Musa acuminata (Banana) Peel has a significant effect to the growth of
Solanum tuberosum (Potato) through hydrating the plant with different concentration of Musa
acuminata (Banana) Peel. The growth of Solanum tuberosum (Potato) will be measured through
gathering different plant parameters. The study mainly seeks to assess the effect of Musa
acuminata (Banana) Peel to Solanum tuberosum (Potato).
Phenotypic assessment is a type of screening used to a biological research and drug
discovery to identify substances. And Musa acuminata (Banana) peel is a species of banana native
to Southeast Asia, many of the modern edible dessert bananas are from this species. Also the
Solanum tuberosum it is also known as potatoes, it is a globally important crop plant producing
high yields of nutritionally valuable food in the form of tubers.
Bananas are packed with nutrients, and that includes their peels. Though you won't want
to eat them yourself, your plants benefit from the nutrients as the peels decay. Plants need nutrients
need to thrive. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are required in the highest amounts, and
nutrients such as calcium, manganese, sodium and sulfur are necessary in lower amounts.(Davis,
R, DM, &P, 2006). While various levels of these nutrients occur naturally, some soils can use a
boost. Adding banana peels around prized plants is a widespread gardening practice that can
improve your soil.Potassium Dried banana peels are 42 percent potassium, more than most other
organic substances, such as manure at 0.5 percent, wood ash at 10 percent and cantaloupe rinds at
12 percent. (Hensleigh T., 1988). Potassium promotes the movement of water and nutrients
between cells. It also strengthens stems and protects plants from disease. Because the plant is
healthier, it might flower more. After the plant blooms, potassium can improve the quality and size
of any fruit or nuts. Banana peels are 3.25 percent phosphorus, one of the other major nutrients
that plants need to grow.(Purseglove J., 1974). Phosphorus helps rooting, improves winter
hardiness and speeds up flowering and fruiting. Banana peels inserted in the soil near the roots are
an effective way to get phosphorus to your plants, because the peels break down quickly in the
soil. This immediacy is helpful, because phosphorus is not mobile in the soil.Additional Nutrients
Banana peels do not contain nitrogen, the primary nutrient necessary for foliage growth. The peels
do, however, contain relatively high levels of some micronutrients. Calcium is concentrated at 19.2
milligrams per gram in fresh peels which improves the breakdown of organic materials in the soil;
makes other nutrients in the soil, nitrogen in particular, more available to plants; and controls how
nutrients and water move in and out of cells. Manganese, concentrated at 76.2 mg/g in banana
peels, aids in photosynthesis and the formation of some enzymes and plant pigments. Sodium,
concentrated at 24.3 mg/g, is involved in the movement of water and ions between cells. The peels
also contain magnesium and sulfur, both important in the formation of chlorophyll. Fertilizing
With Banana Peels One of the benefits of fertilizing with banana peels is that they break down
quickly -- either in the soil or in compost -- making those nutrients available to plants sooner than
nutrients from other organic materials. When burying peels, bury them deep so they don't attract
animals or insects as they would if left on or just under the surface. You can also chop peels and
steep them in water for a week, strain the peels out, and pour the solution on the soil to get the
benefit of the nutrients without attracting pests. Since banana peels are not a complete fertilizer,
don't rely on the peels alone to feed your plants, especially if your plants are heavy nitrogen
feeders. The peels are most effective when composted to blend with nitrogen-rich materials.
Solanum tuberosum, annual plant in the nightshade family Solanaceae, grown for its
starchy edible tubers. The potato is native to the Peruvian-Bolivian Andes and is one of the world’s
main food crops. Potatoes are frequently served whole or mashed as a cooked vegetable and are
also ground into potato flour, used in baking and as a thickener for sauces. The tubers are highly
digestible and supply vitamin C, protein, thiamin, and niacin.Potatoes are thought to have been
independently domesticated several times and were largely cultivated in South America by the
Incas as early as 1,800 years ago. Encountered by the invading Spaniards, potatoes were introduced
into Europe during the second half of the 16th century. By the end of the 17th century the plant
was a major crop in Ireland, and by the end of the 18th century it was a major crop in continental
Europe, particularly Germany, and in the west of England. It continued to spread, in both Western
and Eastern hemispheres, during the first four decades of the 19th century, and the Irish economy
itself became dependent upon the potato. However, the disastrous failures of the Irish crops in the
mid-19th century especially in 1846 and 1848, because of late blight Phytophthora infestans, and
the resulting Irish Potato Famine generated a more-cautious attitude toward dependence on the
plant.The potato is one of some 150 tuber-bearing species of the genus Solanum a tuber is the
swollen end of an underground stem. The compound leaves are spirally arranged; each leaf is 20–
30 cm long and consists of a terminal leaflet and two to four pairs of leaflets. The white, lavender,
or purple flowers have five fused petals and yellow stamens. The fruit is a small poisonous berry
with numerous seeds. The stems extend underground into structures called stolons. The ends of
the stolons may enlarge greatly to form a few to more than 20 tubers, of variable shape and size,
usually ranging in weight up to 300 grams but occasionally to more than 1.5 kg. The skin varies
in colour from brownish white to deep purple; the starchy flesh normally ranges in colour from
white to yellow, but it too may be purple. The tubers bear spirally arranged buds in the axils of
aborted leaves, of which scars remain. The buds sprout to form clones of the parent plant, allowing
growers to vegetatively propagate desired characteristics. Indeed, vegetative reproduction is
always used commercially, though the resulting decrease in genetic diversity has made the popular
varieties more vulnerable to pests and diseases.
his study shows that Musa acuminata (Banana) Peel is an effective fertilizer to the growth
of Solanum tuberosum (Potato). It identifies the specific parameter of plant growth is being
affected by Musa acuminata (Banana) Peel. Lastly Musa acuminata (Banana) Peel is a more
effective fertilizer to the growth of Solanum tuberosum (Potato) compared to the commercial
chemical fertilizer.
In this study the group concluded that Musa acuminata (Banana) Peel is way better than
using chemical fertilizer. Aside from that it is more effective, it is also cheap than other commercial
chemical fertilizer. And it gives more nutrients to the plant, that the plant can absorb easily.
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