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The Witcher
The Witcher
The Witcher
The Witcher
The Witcher (Polish: Wiedźmin, Polish pronunciation: [ˈvʲɛd͡ʑmʲin]) is
The Witcher
a fantasy series of novels and short stories written by Polish author
Andrzej Sapkowski. The series revolves around the "witcher", Geralt of
Rivia. In Sapkowski's works, "witchers" are beast hunters who develop
supernatural abilities at a young age to battle wild beasts and monsters.
The books have been adapted into a film (The Hexer), two television
series (The Hexer and The Witcher), three video games (The Witcher,
The Witcher 2: Assassins of Kings, and The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt),
and a graphic novel series. The series of novels is known as the Witcher
Saga. The short stories and novels have been translated into numerous
languages, including English, French, and Spanish.
The books have been described as having a cult following in Poland and
in Central and Eastern European countries.[1][2] The video games have
been very successful, and as of March 2018, they have sold over 33
million copies worldwide.[3]
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External links
Books
Overview
The Last
1 288 2007[5] 1993 Short story
Wish
collection
Sword of
2 384 2015[6] 1992
Destiny
Blood of
3 320 2008 1994
Elves
Time of
4 331 2013 1995
Contempt
Baptism
5 343 2014 1996
of Fire
The Witcher Saga
The
Tower of
6 436 2016 1997
the
Swallow
The Lady
7 of the 531 2017 1999
Lake
Season
8 384 2018 2013 Standalone novel
of Storms
2007–
Total 3,017 1992–2013 -
2018
The second published short story collection was Sword of Destiny (orig. Miecz przeznaczenia). Although
The Last Wish (orig. Ostatnie życzenie) was published after Sword of Destiny, it replaced The Witcher as
the first book since it included all the stories in The Witcher, except "The Road with No Return" (the only
story without Geralt). Although new short stories were added to The Last Wish, they took place before
those in Sword of Destiny.
Although "The Road with No Return" and "Coś się kończy, coś się zaczyna" ("Something Ends, Something
Begins", an alternate ending of the Witcher saga about Geralt and Yennefer's wedding written as a wedding
gift for Sapkowski's friends) were later published in 2000 in Something Ends, Something Begins and in
2012 in Maladie and Other Stories (Maladie i inne opowiadania) collections, the other stories in those
books are unconnected to the Witcher series. In some Polish editions, "The Road with No Return" and
"Something Ends, Something Begins" are added to The Last Wish or Sword of Destiny.
The Last Wish (orig. Ostatnie życzenie, 1993, English edition: 2007) – Note that while The Last Wish
was published after Sword of Destiny, the stories contained in The Last Wish take place first
chronologically, and many of the individual stories were published before Sword of Destiny.
Saga
The saga focuses on Geralt of Rivia and Ciri, a child of destiny. Ciri, princess of a recently conquered
country and a pawn of international politics, becomes a witcher-in-training. Geralt is drawn into a
whirlwind of events in his attempts to protect her.
Standalone novel
Season of Storms (orig. Sezon burz, 2013, English edition: 2018) – Set between short stories in The
Last Wish, but containing a few hints on events which follow the original pentalogy.
Non-Witcher anthologies
In Polish:
Coś się kończy, coś się zaczyna (Something Ends, Something Begins) (2000) – Stories by Sapkowski,
including two Witcher stories: "The Road with No Return" and "Something Ends, Something Begins".
Maladie i inne opowiadania (Maladie and Other Stories, not to be confused with the English e-book
sampler of the same name) (2012) – Stories by Sapkowski, also including "The Road with No Return"
and "Something Ends, Something Begins".
In English:
Chosen by Fate: Zajdel Award Winner Anthology (2000) - English anthology, by SuperNOVA in
cooperation with the Silesian Club of Fantasy Literature, included a translation by Agnieszka Fulińska
of "The Witcher" short story entitled "The Hexer". The story also appears, with a different translation, in
The Last Wish as well as in A Polish Book of Monsters.
A Polish Book of Monsters (2010) – English anthology edited and translated by Michael Kandel, with a
translation of "The Witcher" short story entitled "Spellmaker".
Maladie and Other Stories (2014) – English e-book sampler with a translation of "The Witcher" and
"The Edge of the World" short stories, and also the first chapters of Blood of Elves and Baptism of Fire.
Spin-offs
In 2013, the Polish publishing house Solaris published a collection of eight short stories, Opowieści ze
świata Wiedźmina, written by eight Russian and Ukrainian fantasy writers (including Andrei Belyanin and
Vladimir Vasilyev) set in the world of The Witcher and/or featuring characters from the saga.[7] In 2017, a
similar collection of eleven short stories by eleven authors, chosen through a competition organized in 2016
by the Polish magazine Nowa Fantastyka, was published by SuperNowa.[8][9][10]
Setting
Background
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During the centuries preceding the stories, most of the Continent's southern regions have been taken over
by the Nilfgaard Empire; the north belongs to the fragmented Northern Kingdoms. The Witcher saga takes
place in the aftermath of the first major war between the Nilfgaard Empire and the Northern Kingdoms,
with a second war beginning in the middle of the series.
Major characters
Geralt of Rivia (Polish: Geralt z Rivii), known also as Gwynnbleid (Elder Speech: "White Wolf") and the
Butcher of Blaviken,[12] is the protagonist of the series and its adaptations. A witcher, who travels the
Continent and makes a living hunting monsters that plague the land. Péter Apor argues that he
embodies the "neo-liberal anti-politics" spirit of the Polish popular culture of the 1990s.[13]
Yennefer of Vengerberg (Polish: Yennefer z Vengerbergu) first appeared in the collection of short
stories, The Last Wish, featuring in the short story of the same name. She went on to appear in
numerous other Witcher stories as the "soul mate" of Geralt and is one of the main characters of the
Witcher saga. In Polish 2002 film and 2002 TV series she was played by Grażyna Wolszczak.
Cirilla Fiona Elen Riannon (known as Ciri, from the name Zireael in the Elder Speech (meaning
"Swallow"; Polish: Jaskółka)), also known as the Lion Cub of Cintra, Child of the Elder Blood, and the
Lady of Time and Space, is the princess of Cintra, daughter of Pavetta and Duny (also known as the
Urcheon of Erlenwald) and granddaughter of Queen Calanthe. She is also Geralt's and Yennefer's
adopted daughter, around whom much of the plot is centered. Ciri is a descendant of Lara Dorren and
has the Elder blood which gives her access to powers that allow her to cross space and time. Ciri has
ashen grey hair and green emerald eyes, a trait that runs in her family. In Polish 2002 film and 2002 TV
series she was played by Marta Bitner.[14]
Dandelion (Polish: Jaskier) is a poet, minstrel, bard and Geralt's best friend. The Polish word jaskier
actually refers to the Buttercup flower (Ranunculus). Some of his more famous ballads were about the
relationship between Geralt and Yennefer. By the time of the saga he is already in his 40s though it is
said that he appears to be in his 30s and is sometimes mistaken for an elf. He accompanies Geralt in
many of the short stories and ends up joining his hansa while searching for Ciri. He is played by Joey
Batey in The Witcher TV series.[15] In the 2001 Polish Wiedźmin he was played by Zbigniew
Zamachowski. Zamachowski will play the same role in the Polish Pół wieku poezji później ("Half
Century of Poetry Later") fan film.[16]
Triss Merigold of Maribor, a sorceress and a friend of Geralt and Yennefer. She took care of Ciri for
some time and is like an older sister to her. She was member of the Lodge of Sorceresses. Triss is in
love with Geralt. The image of Triss Merigold from The Witcher 2: Assassins of Kings appeared as
cover girl in the Polish edition of Playboy in May 2011.[17] She also appeared in a live model calendar
for the game in Russia.[18]
Geography
Although no map of the universe created by Sapkowski has been released, several maps have been created
by fans. According to Sapkowski, the existing maps are "mostly accurate" and he uses a version created by
Czech translator Stanislav Komárek.[19]
Language
Sapkowski created a language for the series known as Elder Nilfgaard
Speech, [20][21] based on Welsh, English, French, Irish, Latin and
other languages. Dialects are spoken on the Skellige Islands and in Nilfgaard. In an interview Sapkowski
explained that he wanted the language to be reasonably legible to a reader, to avoid footnotes. As he said:
"In my book, I do not want for an orc telling to another orc 'Burbatuluk grabataluk!' to be supplied with a
footnote: 'Shut the door, don't let the flies in!'"[22][23]
Translations
The stories and novels have been translated into various languages, including Slovak, Czech, Danish,
Portuguese, German, Russian, Lithuanian, Estonian, Finnish, French, Spanish, Italian, Bulgarian,
Romanian, Ukrainian, Serbian, Swedish, Hungarian, Dutch, Chinese, Georgian, English and Persian.[24]
English translations
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Sword of Destiny
Gollancz
(Miecz przeznaczenia)
2015[26]
Translated by David French
Orbit
Blood of Elves
2008 Gollancz
(Krew elfów)
Translated by Danusia Stok
2009 Orbit
Baptism of Fire
Gollancz
(Chrzest ognia)
2014
Translated by David French
Orbit
Season of Storms
Gollancz
(Sezon burz)
2018[28]
Translated by David French
Orbit
Although wiedźmin is now usually translated into English as "witcher", an earlier translation of the title
was "hexer" (the title of the 2001 film adaptation and the first official English translation in the 2000 short
story collection Chosen by Fate: Zajdel Award Winner Anthology);[31] Hexe and Hexer are the German
words for female and male 'witch' respectively.[29] CD Projekt used "witcher" for the title of its 2007
English release of the video game,[30] and Danusia Stok used it in her translation of Ostatnie życzenie that
was published the same year.[32][33] Michael Kandel however used "spellmaker" in his 2010 translation of
"Wiedźmin" short story for A Book of Polish Monsters anthology.[34]
Adaptations
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Comic books
From 1993 to 1995, Sapkowski's stories were adapted into six comic books by Maciej Parowski (story),
Bogusław Polch (art) and Sapkowski:[35]
Droga bez powrotu (The Road with No Return) – Based on the short story "Droga, z której się nie
wraca"
Geralt – Based on the short story "Wiedźmin" ("The Witcher")
Mniejsze zło (The Lesser Evil) – Based on the short story with the same title
Ostatnie życzenie (The Last Wish) – Based on the short story with the same title
Granica możliwości (The Bounds of Reason) – Based on the short story with the same title
Zdrada (Betrayal) – Based on an "unused idea for a short story"
In 2013, Dark Horse Comics announced a comic book series called The Witcher, based on the video-game
series and made in collaboration with CD Projekt Red.[36]
Issues
#1 April 1, 2015
#2 May 6, 2015
#3 June 3, 2015 Joe Carlos
Fox Children Paul Tobin Joe Querio
Querio Badilla
#4 July 1, 2015
August 5,
#5
2015
Max Carlos
Killing Monsters (HC) May 19, 2015 Paul Tobin Joe Querio
Bertolini Badilla
August 31,
#1
2016
October 5, STORY:
#2
2016 Paul Tobin
with Borys Pugacz-
Curse of November 2, Piotr Brad
#3 Muraszkiewicz Grzesiek Przybyś
Crows 2016 Kowalski Simpson
& Karolina Stachyra
December 7, DIALOGUE:
#4 Travis Currit
2016
March 22,
#5
2017
December 19,
#1
2018
January 23,
Of Flesh and #2
2019 Aleksandra Motyka Marianna Strychowska Marianna Strychowska
Flame
February 20,
#3
2019
#4 April 3, 2019
Collections
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The Witcher – Volume 1: House of September 24, The Witcher: House of Mike Mignola 9781616554743
Glass[37] 2014 Glass #1–5
The Witcher – Volume 2: Fox December 16, The Witcher: Fox Children Julián Totino
9781616557935
Children[38] 2015 #1–5 Tedesco
In 2015, Platige Image planned an American film adaptation of the novel series to arrive in 2017.[44] In May
2017 they announced that they would be producing a The Witcher TV series in cooperation with Netflix and
Sean Daniel Company, with Tomasz Bagiński as one of the directors and Sapkowski as a creative
consultant.[45][46][47] Henry Cavill portrays Geralt of Rivia in the Netflix adaptation.[48][49][50][51] On
October 10, 2018, it was announced that Freya Allan and Anya Chalotra had been cast as main female
characters, Ciri and Yennefer.[52] The first season released on December 20, 2019, with all 8 episodes
available.[53] A second season was announced on November 13, 2019.[54]
Games
Video games
In 1996 and 1997 a Witcher video game was being developed by Metropolis Software in Poland, but it was
canceled. The game's director was Adrian Chmielarz, former People Can Fly co-owner and creative director,
who coined the translation "The Witcher" during its development. According to Chmielarz, the game would
have been a 3D action-adventure game with role-playing elements such as moral choices and experience
points.[57]
In 2003, Polish video-game developer CD Projekt Red negotiated with Sapkowski for rights to The Witcher,
given the languishing work at Metropolis,[58] and released The Witcher, a role-playing game based on the
saga in October 2007 for personal computers. It was well-publicized and, although it was the developer's
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first game, it received critical praise in Europe and North America. The Witcher was published in Poland by
CD Projekt and worldwide by Atari. A console version, The Witcher: Rise of the White Wolf with the same
story and a different engine and combat system, was scheduled for release in fall 2009 but was canceled
that spring.
The Witcher: Crimson Trail (Polish: Wiedźmin: Krwawy Szlak), also known as The Witcher Mobile is a
mobile-phone action game created by Breakpoint on license from CD Projekt in November 2007.[59] It
features a young Geralt as a promising student who has completed his training to become a monster-
slayer – a witcher.
The Witcher: Versus was a Flash-based multiplayer fighting browser game, developed for CD Projekt Red
by one2tribe and released in 2008. In the game, which has been discontinued, players created a character
from one of three classes and challenged other players in battle.
The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt was released on May 19, 2015, and has
become considered one of the greatest games of all time, shipping over ten million copies by March
2016.[63] By March 2018, the series as a whole has sold over 33 million.[64]
Geralt appeared as a guest character in the 2018 fighting game, Soulcalibur VI.[65]
In October 2018, Sapkowski sent notice to CD Projekt demanding he be remunerated for sales of The
Witcher video games, asking for more than 60 million Polish złoty (more than US$15 million) representing
between about 5% and 15% of the game's revenues over the years. Sapkowski had originally provided the
license to CD Projekt based on a lump sum payment, but now believes he is due more since the series has
become much more successful than expected. CD Projekt stated that while they had met all obligations on
the initial acquisition of the license, they will work amicably with Sapkowski's legal representatives to come
to a fair outcome for all parties.[66] By February 2019, CD Projekt worked out a settlement agreement that
would provide Sapkowski additional royalties for their video game series, though not as great as those
Sapkowski had asked for, as to maintain a working relationship with the author for future Witcher
projects.[67] The settlement was finalized by December 2019.[68]
Card games
In 2007, Kuźnia Gier developed two card games based on CD Projekt's The Witcher video game. One,
Wiedźmin: Przygodowa Gra Karciana (The Witcher: Adventure Cardgame), was published by Kuźnia
Gier;[69] the other, Wiedźmin: Promocyjna Gra Karciana (The Witcher Promo Card Game) was added to
the collector's edition of The Witcher in some countries.[70] A card game, known as "Gwent", was included
in The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt as an in-game activity. Two stand-alone games based on it, titled Gwent: The
Witcher Card Game and Thronebreaker: The Witcher Tales, were released in 2018.[71][72]
Board game
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References
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w-to-get-into-the-witcher-novels-1706064080). Io9.gizmodo.com. Retrieved November 4, 2018.
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Zyczenie) (https://archive.org/details/lastwish00andr/page/92) (1st ed.). New York: Orbit. pp. 92, 149 (ht
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ahUKEwiVrdnW6YXeAhVIvbwKHf64C5oQ6AEILTAB). Orbit. ISBN 9780316055086.
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d). culture.pl.
36. "NYCC 2013: THE WITCHER COMES TO DARK HORSE" (http://www.darkhorse.com/Blog/1494/nycc-
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38. "The Witcher Volume 2: Fox Children TPB" (http://www.darkhorse.com/Books/25-926/The-Witcher-Volu
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olume-3-Curse-of-Crows-TPB). Dark Horse Comics.
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63. Makuch, Eddie (March 11, 2016). "Witcher 3 Ships Almost 10 Million Copies - Report" (http://www.game
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