Running Head: BUSINESS

Business and Business Environment

[Name of the Student]

[Name of the Institute]

[Date]
 Business 2

Table of Contents

Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 4
Types, Size and Scope of Organisations .................................................................................... 4
P1 ........................................................................................................................................... 4
Non-Profit Organisation......................................................................................................... 4
Profitable Organisation .......................................................................................................... 5
Private Sectors ................................................................................................................... 5
Public Sectors..................................................................................................................... 6
The Advantages of Working for SEMs ............................................................................. 6
The Disadvantage of SEM ................................................................................................. 6
The Size and Scope of a Range of Different Types of Organisations ....................................... 7
Scope Organisation ................................................................................................................ 7
Sole Trader ............................................................................................................................. 7
Advantages ......................................................................................................................... 7
Disadvantages .................................................................................................................... 7
Partnership ............................................................................................................................. 8
Advantages ......................................................................................................................... 8
Disadvantages .................................................................................................................... 8
Private Limited Company ...................................................................................................... 8
Advantages ......................................................................................................................... 8
Disadvantages .................................................................................................................... 9
Public Limited Company ....................................................................................................... 9
Advantages ......................................................................................................................... 9
Disadvantages .................................................................................................................... 9
Organisational Structure .......................................................................................................... 10
P3 ......................................................................................................................................... 10
Types of Organisational Structure ....................................................................................... 11
Tall Structure ................................................................................................................... 11
Flat Organisational Structure ........................................................................................... 12
The Macro Environment Impact on Business Operations ....................................................... 12
P4 ......................................................................................................................................... 12
Positive and Negative Impact of Micro Factors of John Lewis ....................................... 12
Positive and Negative Impact of Micro Factors of Sainsbury ......................................... 13
 Business 3

Positive and Negative Impact of Micro Factors in Ngo Oxfam ...................................... 13

Interrelationship with External Macro Factors ........................................................................ 15
SWOT and TOWS Analysis of Sainsbury ........................................................................... 15
SWOT and TOWS of John Lewis ....................................................................................... 17
SWOT and TOWS of Oxfam ............................................................................................... 19
Conclusion ............................................................................................................................... 26
Reference ................................................................................................................................. 27
 Business 4

Business and Business Environment

Introduction

This project is about business and commercial planning for the private sector, public

land and non-profit organisations. In addition, constitutions and hierarchies are supplemented

and changed. Three organisations are used as examples for each part of the UK business

environment. A company that has no legal authority works for the public but does not intend

to generate revenue. The quality and the shortcomings of all these associations contrast with

the sensitivity in the same way. The relationship between their capacities and structure is also

described. A major disadvantage of non-governmental organisations is the basic quality of

management support and agreement. Although laws and laws have been established, including

high personal expenses.

Types, Size and Scope of Organisations

P1

There are two types of organisation: non-profit organisation and profit organisation.

Non-Profit Organisation

Non-profit organisations refer to companies whose main purpose is not to benefit from

a company. Or maybe this kind of membership is about exercises that benefit the community.

As a rule, these organisations are public organisations in which no one has a partnership right.

The salaries of the clubs may not be divided among the owners. This wealth is exploited in the

process of general decision making. Control over non-profit organisations is in the hands of

service providers or heads of state. It is their duty to monitor the public exercises that have to

fulfil their incentives. The exercises of this association are accountable to the public. Non-
 Business 5

profits need to register annual government data on their practices and funds. An international

organisation has to provide help to help or gather people instead of helping them. These

organisations are tax free. There are different types of income-free associations such as poverty

alleviation, religion, science and welfare, education, social welfare, protection of normal

wealth and other temporary associations of theater, music, expressionists, etc. As a non-profit,

non-profit organisation, Oxfam in the UK needs to provide the government with annual

exercise and budget information and focus on helping or collecting other people rather than

generating benefits.

Profitable Organisation

Charities only have goals that they can benefit from. These organisations have a large number

of investors that are suitable for their own benefit. This type of association is usually a private

company. These organisations can be isolated at different levels, depending on the size and

limitations, e.g. Small businesses, small and medium-sized projects (small and medium-sized

companies) and macro or large organisations.

 Micro organisations have fewer than 10 members and assets of less than 2 million euros

 Small organisations have more than 50 members and assets of 10 million

 The medium-sized company employs less than 250 people and has assets of less than 50

million.

Private Sectors

Displays settings that are required and enforced by a person or owner meeting. Most

companies are in the private sector (Choy Chong et al., 2011).

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Public Sectors

These types of organisations are responsible and are managed by the central office or

the local government. In principle, these are welfare and administrative education, resistance,

minimum and requirements, social welfare and the like.

There are various factors that cause SEMs revival in UK:

Stronger development of the administrative sector, progress and improvement of data

innovation as well as adaptive specialisation and business systems. Despite this unemployment,

subcontracting and instability, there are other reasons. SEMs work in the UK is: Support a

useful point of sale for any independent company. In some companies, different suppliers and

subcontractors are the most difficult to work with (Butler and Wilson, 2015). These

organisations are typically created to create an aggressive environment against the monopoly

of a large organisation. According to the report, 88% of customer transactions take place in

England. However, 33% of companies are based in London and the South East of the United

Kingdom.

The Advantages of Working for SEMs

 He has extensive endurance experience

 Increased flexibility

 The individual determines his calling activities

 Offers fast rotation options

The Disadvantage of SEM

 Underlying is the basis of this type of business.

 The preparation plan of these organisations is basically unprocessed.

 Lack of benefit and potential benefit

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The Size and Scope of a Range of Different Types of Organisations

Scope Organisation

A wide range of organisations operate in different economic sectors. These are: sellers,

partnerships, companies or companies, cooperatives, concessions, private companies and the

public sector.

Sole Trader

This is a simple process for setting up and managing a business organisation where

ownership and control depend on a single person. On the other hand, it is a precarious

environment because a person cannot become an independent company (Laudon and Laudon,

2011). Apart from the unfortunate behavior of the law, the owner is completely dependent. The

benefits of this job are treated as salary-related in a personal assessment at home.

Advantages

 Setting up and maintaining is simply difficult

 The beneficiary has full authority over the organisation

 The services are usually used by the owner

 The beneficiary has the option of exempting working hours and examples.

Disadvantages

 Ownership and ownership risk can be affected.

 The organisation often has great challenges.

 Enormous speculation about time and money to get fair benefits.

 The legal situation and the obligation are usually at odds without the beneficiary.
 Business 8

Partnership

It is a fairly straightforward trading method in which at least two legal entities build

and maintain a business based on an appropriate distribution of profits between them. The

organisation has no legal character or understanding. Accordingly, accomplices can take risks

or benefit from work. As a rule, business partners have to negotiate an accident together and

make a profit (Ashkenas et al., 2015).

Advantages

 Complications can improve a particular business area at any time

 More than one head can be a basic guide

 Scientists did not commit the accident

 In contrast to business associations, there could be a better protection policy and fewer

statutory contracts

Disadvantages

 All accomplices have to deal with different debts

 The benefits are divided into accomplices

 Every accomplice depends on a different choice

 It’s ridiculous to collect inventory by selling inventory

Private Limited Company

Forced settlement is a basic legal example of doing business. Limited bodies are

included together as another substance. An organisation can therefore do as much business as

possible on behalf of contracts (Laudon and Laudon, 2011). Sainsbury must maintain its goal

of expanding business, increasing the risk of further results.

Advantages

 Investors are less committed

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 Thanks to an unlimited number of investors, a huge amount of capital can be raised

 Some intangible assets may lose overall control over the management and governance

of the association

 A company can work effectively without the right holder

Disadvantages

 The clearest benefit is the lower benefit given the diversification among most investors

 It’s a lot of time and money to start a business.

 These organisations cannot bid on anyone.

 Anyone can search for money-related information

Public Limited Company

This type of institution cannot be exchanged until a deposit of 25% has been received

for the common value and the offer has not been included in the exchange (Kadam, 2012).

Each individual can contribute to the management of the company by dividing the remaining

workload, responsibilities and basic management processes. The JOHN LEWIS takes good

care of patients and their medication. The purpose of the John Lewis is to strengthen its

administration in various countries where the patient’s welfare regime is inadequate

Advantages

 One can collect huge sums of money by selling offers to the public

 The start-up costs are lower than for companies on the economic ladder

 Depending on the size, these organisations can take over the market

Disadvantages

 The cost of starting a business is not proportionate

 Since offers are accessible to everyone, paraja can influence the organisation

 Because it used to be a huge, bespoke organisation that customers can’t manage well
 Business 10

 The institutional account and all funds held by private parties can be revised

Organisational Structure
P3

The capacity of the individual areas of the association is built up in different areas, e.g.

Personnel, shop fronts and managers, organisational offers, innovative work, branding,

customer service, advertising, etc. Advertising is an expansion among customers and a

relationship between a production companies. This method of progress is useful for gathering

organisations and service providers. When an international organisation like Sainsbury is

created, there has to be a large market that increases the potential for benefits. Sainsbury creates

a targeted advertising system that compensates for the cost of the product. The control process

also includes an article budgeting process that gives the customer useful access to the agency’s

share. Attractiveness is also an important factor that has an unusual impact on the interests of

all institutions.

A hierarchical structure is the creation of all organisations that shape their work unit

and culture. Each company must create its own organisation that best fits the organisation’s

ultimate goals. These hierarchies of argumentation essentially consist of internal and external

relationships, management personnel, creativity and mechanical progress, etc. (Liao et al.,

2011). The main reason for this hierarchy is: 1) Isolate outstanding projects within the

workforce as described in their quality and tasks. Every single part of this layout is compared

with individual tasks. 2) This structure also maintains a management line. The advantage of

this cooperation process is that disputes about individual key leaders are avoided and a policy

chain is created that enables continuous progress.

 Business 11

Types of Organisational Structure

There are innumerable attractive variables that change the organisation of an

organisation. They are: The role of an organisation that divides the hierarchy between the

offices; such as generation, shop window, invoices, offers and so on. The second point is the

geographic area; which divides the operational structure of the organisation, as the landscape

suggests, comparable to the north-eastern area, the southern part of the association and so on.

As mentioned in the product category, associations can be divided into different structures,

similar to the basic food department, the home office, the electricity office, etc. In addition,

there is a structure for a buyer’s brand that is comparable to a unit, a book, etc. There are various

options that link the hierarchy and important additional information. Authorisation must be

given when the links are clear. As can be seen from the module of public structure and the

relationship between structure and ability to work together, the same structure could create the

same differences

Tall Structure

The traditional system of this building is

• This structure has many levels that are interconnected

• The guideline has been slightly expanded

 Business 12

• Has a smaller order due to stricter units

Flat Organisational Structure

• The structure of the scale is difficult to prove due to the law and the distribution

• Has a long operating length

• Control is more assigned and less immediate control

• This requires fewer personnel due to the lower legislation

The Macro Environment Impact on Business Operations

P4
Positive and Negative Impact of Micro Factors of John Lewis

Political: On a positive note, the UK government is constantly helping the JOHN LEWIS. The

negative part was the uncertain political situation in Britain since the end of BREXIT.

Economical: The JOHN LEWIS deals with minimal effort and spotlight in business. Customs

and currency concepts remained under pressure.

Social: The government’s desire grows step by step, but unemployment continues to rise.

Technological: Innovative therapy is updated by JOHN LEWIS. However, the cost of these

innovations has become a problem.

 Business 13

Legal: British laws and guidelines fully comply with the JOHN LEWIS. Changing the

neighbourhood occasionally changes the activity.

Environmental: John Lewis waste is well invested. Removal to reuse control does a lot of

guesswork.

Positive and Negative Impact of Micro Factors of Sainsbury

Political: The British government is constantly pushing Sainsbury for development. The

downside is the top political position in Great Britain and the late BREXIT.

Economical: Sainsbury delivers products to a minimum. The valuation relation and the

monetary approach are still under pressure.

Social: Interest grows step by step, which is beautiful; On the other hand, unemployment

continues to rise.

Technological: Innovative participation by encouraging Sainsbury to a greater advantage.

However, the price of these innovations has become a problem.

Legal: British laws and instructions are very useful for Sainsbury. In some cases, changing the

neighbourhood affects activity.

Environmental: Sainsbury machine waste is a small direct result of retail. The lack of reusable

managers does a lot of guesswork.

Positive and Negative Impact of Micro Factors in Ngo Oxfam

Political: On a positive note, the UK government is constantly promoting research into NGO

cancer. The downside is the volatile political situation in the UK and the late BREXIT.

Economical: Non-governmental organisations receive grants from other sources. It would

make sense to extend the subsidy measure.

Social: Non-governmental organisations need high employee standards and a long-term

unemployment rate because the company is a voluntary company and cannot offer the services

it intends to provide.
 Business 14

Technological: The innovation encourages NGOs to upgrade their Oxfam agencies. If

possible, the cost of these advances became a problem.

Legal: Laws and guidelines in the UK help this NGO. Here and there the change in the law

affected the activity.

Environmental: The spread of an evil state is legitimately organised. The lack of reusable

managers does a lot of guesswork.

 Business 15

Interrelationship with External Macro Factors

SWOT and TOWS Analysis of Sainsbury

STRENGTHS WEAKNESS

Sainsbury is the largest

INTERNAL
FACTORS supermarket in the UK. Fuel and sales tax business

decreased 1.3%

Sainsbury has a stable

inventory agreement that Interest in the gathering

can run almost 58% of decreased by £ 1.4 billion

service providers.
EXTERNAL Retail sales declined by £ 1.6
FACTORTS
Sainsbury’s compliance billion.

level is very

representative. It Red rose to nearly £ 22

describes about 70% of billion

the people who work for

Sainsbury and about 77%

of the actors describe

being in Sainsbury Other

people bought by

Sainsbury.

OPPORTUNITIES

Since Sainsbury is the market Sainsbury can sell more

leader in the main natural foods and new foods

 Business 16

The 5% increase in the supply supermarket, which accounts at customer request to help

of floor products is due to for around 28.4% of the cake, manage transfer offers.

organisational changes. it is possible to offer natural

products under its own name. Sainsbury can also support

Choose a price advantage luxury goods stores to

over the competition due to Through extensive manage its low-income

the low cost. communication with service services.

providers, Sainsbury can

The supply of natural easily increase spending in

ingredients has increased by its target markets.

4%, giving Sainsbury the

opportunity to offer its

natural products.

THREATS As the market leader in

leading grocery stores,

Sainsbury outperforms

Customers are more discounters like Aldi, where Sainsbury faces lower

attractive for shops like Aldi Sainsbury can use counter interest rates and cash flow

because they are discounters technology to lower the cost gains. With stores like Aldi

and houses. of group purchases. adding discounts and

convenience, Sainsbury can

Reduce costs due to problems

 Business 17

Sainsbury can increase open its own store to cut

In view of accounting, the customer trust by supermarkets.

customer base is lost. maintaining a profile with

customers and actors who

describe Sainsbury to others

in these areas.

SWOT and TOWS of John Lewis

STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
INTERNAL
FACTORS

John Lewis has fewer Constant population growth

problems, which is almost drives emissions to meet

irrelevant. demand.

EXTERNAL
FACTORS John Lewis provides

dedicated departments for

 Business 18

the accident and crisis

department.

Given the tail of John Lewis,

the advantage outweighs the

stock.

OPPORTUNITIES Because of the acting

strategy pursued by John

Use innovative advertising Lewis, their competitors By expanding private

strategies to create John have declined. investments, John Lewis can

Lewis profile. collect donations to meet the

Since the interest of John needs of a growing audience.

John Lewis can expand Lewis goes beyond what one

investment can offer, one can make

private investments.

THREATS high sales due to lack of

S.T.-Although the work of funding

The service provider’s work the service provider has had

has had a profound impact on a major impact on John

John Lewis’s image. Lewis’ image, a small

problem is almost irrelevant

The number of employees to the organisation

leaving the organisation is

high.
 Business 19

SWOT and TOWS of Oxfam

STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
INTERNAL
FACTORS Spreading awareness about High competition
EXTERNAL all type of cancer
FACTORS
Using advance technology to

detect cancer at an earlier

stage

OPPORTUNITIES SO – Spread awareness WO – High competition

Use of innovative ways to about cancer using does not affect the company

promote its services innovative ways of much due to its innovative

promotion ways of competition

THREATS ST – Though the collection WT – The company still

Collection of fund is a of funds becomes a problem faces a high competition

problem during recession at time of recession, the despite of the fund problems

company still uses the at time of recession

advance technology to detect

cancer.
Business 20
 Business 21

PESTLE Analysis factors of Sainsbury, John Lewis and Oxfam

SAINSBURY John Lewis Oxfam

POLITICAL The government Rising or falling Oxfam helps

FACTOR encourages interest rates depend manage the

SAINSBURY to on the legislator, modernisation of

safely import which also affects laws and principles.

products and investments.

exchange items. The government has BREXIT problems

access to patient and can affect the way

SAINSBURY offers medicine assets. we respond to the

work for its John Lewis must growth of

housekeeper abide by the law and malignancies.

because the British manufacture

government helps medicines to restore

the organisation health based on

with the work. This executive wages

makes up around

58% of service

providers.

Management

rejected fuel taxes

and VAT

agreements by

around 1.3%.
 Business 22

ECONOMIC By providing jobs Oxfam can use

FACTOR for the unemployed, John Lewis invests secured assets in the

SAINSBURY is in drugs. UK to purchase

working to improve assets. Make

financial statistics to STRENGTH: auditing and

increase interest in Like John Lewis, management of

raw materials. various trusts help collections of

STRENGTH: John Lewis get nonprofit assets.

Sainsbury’s support

compliance level is WEAKNESS: the lack of adequate

very representative John Lewis needs support, treatment of

and accounts for qualified personnel, slow progress

about 70% of the so organisations (Tesfaye and

other employees in have to pay Selvarajah, 2012)

Sainsbury. employees more.

WEAKNESS: The transmission

Breach of contract: control has also

SAINSBURY is increased. This has

obliged to sue as the led to a huge

obligation has risen increase in the use of

to around £ 22 John Lewis.

billion
 Business 23

SOCIAL FACTOR Sainsbury started John Lewis must be Oxfam to help

selling natural there to treat the patients with their

products to meet unfortunate patient. medication.

regional The increase and STRENGTH:

requirements. decrease in the Volunteers help in

As the organisation number of workers many areas of the

progresses, the paper and patients depends patient, such as

supply to the on social factors. taking the active

organisation has In many areas they medicine.

increased by 5%. volunteer to support WEAKNESS:

Sainsbury can boost patients and support Disappointments in

groceries to cut missing persons the asset pools can

interest and income. (Varmus and Kumar, lead to deflation.

2013).

High number of

employees who

leave the plant due to

a lack of support.
 Business 24

TECHNOLOGICAL Innovation reforms John Lewis needs to Oxfam innovation

FACTOR help improve service update his exact and new formula

efficiency to reach instruments just as design. Innovation

customers. one should save all also helps to

Sainsbury is a patient data. gradually build up

market for basic Innovation factors performance

food supermarkets can help patients therapy.

with a listing price work more Mastering

of 28.4%. effectively and innovation in

Sainsbury can safely. advance to identify

expand its luxury Since the interest of the disease in the

food offering to take John Lewis goes previous stage.

advantage of its low- beyond what one can Developing

income benefits. offer, one can use innovations can be

innovations to make weight control.

private investments.

Due to the reduced

support, John Lewis

is unable to make

some changes.

ENVIRONMENTAL Sainsbury must John Lewis uses Oxfam uses a unique

FACTOR adhere to certain precision equipment transmission type of

principles and to ensure the safety drug delivery. In

guidelines, such as and pressure of the addition, test

system, so that the strategy applications

 Business 25

those that restrict the patients are in a safe can be reused to

use of assets. condition. maintain a healthy

Use and encourage One need more state of

other money to get as concentration.

environmentally many new devices as

friendly recycling possible.

packaging.

Requires more

money

LEGAL FACTOR Sainsbury must John Lewis adheres Oxfam received

adhere to guidelines to certain guidelines patient support from

and guidelines such for patient well- health legislators.

as the National being and must Drugs can affect

Minimum Wage Act submit a usage report legislators, Oxfam

1998 and the each year. does not have the

Occupational Safety Many patients ability to be

and Security Act receive legal and considered.

1974 to ensure the regulatory attention.

well-being of the Due to appeals, there

company. is a high risk of

Sainsbury can use violating rules and

the challenge recommendations.

strategy by lowering

the cost of bulk

purchases.
 Business 26

The reputation of the

organisation has

dropped due to the

shame of the

accounting.

Conclusion
Ultimately, it can be said that the motivation behind each company varies in its area of

work and its instructions. The public sectors are not all very successful because the private

sectors are consistently good. The figure above also shows that there are only competitors on

the general stock exchange. The main disadvantages of voluntary organisations are

administrative support and arrangements. Although laws and laws are regulated for ordinary

things, including high annual costs.

 Business 27

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implementation in a public sector accounting organization: an empirical

investigation. Journal of Knowledge Management, 15(3), pp.497-512.

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Matter?. Journal of Management Studies, 48(4), pp.829-856.

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finance managers. International Journal of Advanced Research in Management and

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Tesfaye, S. and Selvarajah, D., 2012. Advances in the epidemiology, pathogenesis and

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 Business 28

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