International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD)

Volume 4 Issue 1, December 2019 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470

Comparative Study on Analysis & Design of Skew Bridge by

STAAD and ETABS Software using Finite Element Method
Patil Akshay Mukund1, Nitesh Kushwaha2
1M.Tech.
Scholar, 2Professor,
1,2Department of Civil Engineering, Millennium Institute of Technology & Science, Bhopal, Maharashtra, India

ABSTRACT How to cite this paper: Patil Akshay

Skew bridges are required to cross the drains at any angle other than normal. Mukund | Nitesh Kushwaha "Comparative
These can be helpful in making straight crossing or utilizing the available land Study on Analysis & Design of Skew
where normal crossing are either impossible or not suitable. The slab bridges Bridge by STAAD and ETABS Software
are uneconomical for large spans due to excessive design thickness but good using Finite Element Method"
for small spans due to its easy execution. Published in
International
Bending Moment result comparison between both software i.e. Staad Pro &
Journal of Trend in
Etabs show little variation: For Span 15 m on Staad Pro & Etabs is 74.518
Scientific Research
kn/sq.mm & 68.40kn/sq.mm respectively, For Span 17 m on Staad Pro & Etabs
and Development
is 71.47 kn/sq.mm &66.70 kn/sq.mm respectively & For Span 19 m on Staad
(ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-
Pro & Etabs is 79.73 kn/sq.mm &71.95 kn/sq.mm respectively. At constant
6470, Volume-4 | IJTSRD29788
skew angle for varying span length the torsional bending moment gradually
Issue-1, December
shift toward obtuse/acute angle. In both the software i.e. STAAD and ETAB the
2019, pp.970-977, URL:
ETAB give more appropriate result in compare to STAAD.
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1. INRODUCTION
Bridge is an important structure required for the crossing or utilizing the available land where normal
transportation network. Now a day with the fast innovation crossing are either impossible or not suitable, depending on
in technology the conventional bridges have been replaced the length of short diagonal of skew slab being less or
by the cost effective structured system. For analysis and greater than its span measured along the traffic. Two
design of these bridges the most efficient methods are specimens tested experimentally, i.e.
available. Different methods which can be used for analysis 1. Skew slab with ratio of short diagonal to span less than
and design are AASHTO, Finite element method, Grillage and unity.
Finite strip method. 2. Skew slab with ratio of short diagonal to span greater
than unity.
OBJECTIVES

Study of Skew Bridge with different length under ANALYSIS & RESULTS
Loading Condition. STAAD PRO
Following steps are required in a sequence for proper
METHODOLOGY completion:
Skew bridges are required to cross the drains at any angle Step-1 Preparation of geometry of tower in STAAD PRO
other than normal. These can be helpful in making straight

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 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470

Fig 4.1 Plan view of slab with 15m span length at 15◦ skew angle

Fig 4.2 3D view of slab with 15m span length at 15◦ skew angle

Fig 4.3 Plan view of slab with 17m span length at 15◦ skew angle

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Fig 4.4 3D view of slab with 17m span length at 15◦ skew Angle

Fig 4.5 Plan view of slab with 19m span length at 15◦ skew angle

Fig 4.6 3D view of slab with 19m span length at 15◦ skew angle
Step-2 Assigning of support conditions.

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Fig 4.7 Support on slab with 15m span length at 15◦ skew angle

Fig 4.8 Support on slab with 17m span length at 15◦ skew angle

Fig 4.9 Support on slab with 19m span length at 15◦ skew angle

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Step-3 Assigning vehicle load as per specification.

Fig 4.10 Load on slab with 15m span length at 15◦ skew angle

Fig 4.11 Load on slab with 17m span length at 15◦ skew angle

Fig 4.12 Load on slab with 19m span length at 15◦ skew angle

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Step-4 Analysis
M Y ( lo c a l)
k N m / m
< = 0 . 3 6 2
5 . 6 8
1 1
1 6 . 3
2 1 . 6
2 7
3 2 . 3
3 7 . 6
4 2 . 9
4 8 . 2
5 3 . 6
5 8 . 9
6 4 . 2
6 9 . 5
7 4 . 8
8 0 . 2
> = 8 5 . 5

Y X
Load 2
Z

Fig 4.13 Analysis of slab with 15m span length at 15◦ skew angle
M Y ( lo c a l)
k N m / m
< = 0 . 3 6 2
5 . 6 8
1 1
1 6 . 3
2 1 . 6
2 7
3 2 . 3
3 7 . 6
4 2 . 9
4 8 . 2
5 3 . 6
5 8 . 9
6 4 . 2
6 9 . 5
7 4 . 8
8 0 . 2
> = 8 5 . 5

Y X
Load 2
Z

Fig 4.14 Analysis of slab with 17m span length at 15◦ skew angle
M Y ( lo c a l)
k N m / m
< = 0 . 0 4 0
5 . 1 1
1 0 . 2
1 5 . 2
2 0 . 3
2 5 . 4
3 0 . 5
3 5 . 5
4 0 . 6
4 5 . 7
5 0 . 7
5 5 . 8
6 0 . 9
6 5 . 9
7 1
7 6 . 1
> = 8 1 . 1

Y X
Load 2
Z

Fig 4.15 Analysis of slab with 19m span length at 15◦ skew angle

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GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION MOMENT ON BRIDGE BY BOTH SOFTWARE
GRAPH OF MAXIMUM DISPLACEMENT

Graph 5.1 Maximum Displacement Graph

GRAPH OF MAXIMUM STRESS

Graph 5.2 Maximum Stress Qx Graph

Graph 5.3 Maximum Stress Qy Graph

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CONCLUSION REFERENCES
The load capacity of the tilting slab increases as the tilting [1] Ajay D. Shahu, S. V. Joshi (2016)“Analysis and
angle increases. Up to the angle of inclination 15° the behaviour of skew bridges with different skew angle”
behavior of the slanted slab is almost similar to the Volume 3 IJCESR.
rectangular slab.
[2] Al.l Mubaydeen, H.Y.H 2005 Stress Distribution at the
Corner of Continuous Skew Bridges, M.Sc.l Thesis,
1. Considerable torsion of deck slab.
University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
2. Displacement result comparison between both software i.e. [3] Alasa'd Intesar, 1977.l Stress Distribution at the
Staad Pro & Etabs show very nominal variation: Corners of Skew Bridges, M.l Sc.l Thesis, University of
Jordan, Amman, Jordan.l PP.l (1-136).
a. For Span 15 m on Staad Pro & Etabs is 17.016mm &
17.047mm respectively. [4] Al-Foqaha'a, A.l 1994.l Study of Recent Loading
b. For Span 17 m on Staad Pro & Etabs is 14.641mm & Adopted for Bridge Design in Jordan, M.l Sc.l Thesis,
14.204mm respectively. University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
c. For Span 19 m on Staad Pro & Etabs is 13.638mm & [5] Alfred G. Bishara, Maria Chuan Liu And Nasser
13.218mm respectively.
[6] Australian Bridge Design code, AUSTROADS, 1992
3. Bending Moment result comparison between both software i.e. [7] Bridge Design using the STAAD. Pro/Beava”, IEG
Staad Pro & Etabs show little variation: Group, Bentley Systems, Bentley Systems Inc., March
2008.
a. For Span 15 m on Staad Pro & Etabs is 74.518 kn/sq.mm &
68.40 kn/sq.mm respectively. [8] Cement & Concrete Association, Construction Industry
b. For Span 17 m on Staad Pro & Etabs is 71.47 kn/sq.mm & Research and Information Association,
66.70 kn/sq.mm respectively. Recommendations on the use of Grillage Analysis for
Slab and Pseudo-Slab Bridge Decks, London,
c. For Span 19 m on Staad Pro & Etabs is 79.73 kn/sq.mm &
SW1WOAQ, 1973.
71.95 kn/sq.mm respectively.
[9] Computer & Structures, Inc., SAP90 (Finite Element
4. At constant skew angle for varying span length the torsional Analysis Users Manual), Berkeley, California.l 94704
bending moment gradually shift toward obtuse/acute angle. USA, 1989.l PP.300.
[10] Corley, W.l G.l Huang, T.l and Jurkovich, W.J.l 1973.l
Preliminary Design and Proportioning of Reinforced
Concrete Bridge Structures.l ACI Journal.l 70 (5): 328-
336.

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