Hospital Report

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 2
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY............................................................................................................. 2
AIM ...................................................................................................................................................... 3
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY ................................................................................................................... 3
RESEARCH PROCESS ............................................................................................................................ 3
DESIGN PROCESS................................................................................................................................. 4
RESEARCH ............................................................................................................................................... 5
WHAT IS CANCER? .............................................................................................................................. 5
CANCER’S EFFECT ON PATIENT ........................................................................................................... 6
DURING THE TREATMENT ................................................................................................................... 6
AFTER THE TREATMENT ...................................................................................................................... 7
WHAT IS PALLIATIVE CARE? ............................................................................................................... 7
PALLIATIVE CARE ................................................................................................................................. 8
INFERENCES: DOCTOR PATIENT RELATIONSHIP ............................................................................... 10
PATIENTS PERSONAL RELATIONSHIS, SOCIAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SPIRITUAL ISSUES ................ 11
OTHER INFERENCES .......................................................................................................................... 11
CASE STUDY AND LITERATURE STUDY .................................................................................................. 12
Karunashraya Bengaluru ................................................................................................................... 12
SHANKARA CANCER FOUNDATION ................................................................................................... 17
CASE STUDY MAGGIE CENTERS......................................................................................................... 22
SITE ........................................................................................................................................................ 24
SITE ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................... 24
SITE JUSTIFICATION ........................................................................................................................... 25
ZONE ANALYSIS: ................................................................................................................................ 26
VEGETATION VIEWS AND EDGE CONDITIONS: ................................................................................. 27
VISUAL STUDY ....................................................................................................................................... 28
AREA PROGRAM.................................................................................................................................... 30
DESIGN IDEAS........................................................................................................................................ 33
DESIGN OUTPUT.................................................................................................................................... 35
BIBLOGRAPHY ....................................................................................................................................... 36
COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 1

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE CENTER
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
From studies and researches conducted on health of individual states that a person is just not made
up by the body but also includes mind and spirit. And it is just not enough to treat an individual’s body
that is ignoring its spirit and mind. Can physical treatment solely give complete recovery in all the
medical cases? Who and what provides towards the social and psychological aspect of treatment?
In today’ world scenario hundreds of people visit hospitals, clinics and various other healthcare
facilities. Such kind of institutions treats individual’s body and helps them get back to their routine
life. People are ready to pay as much as it cost to assure a complete recovery but are unaware of after
effects. If there is a failure in treatment they start preparing themselves for dysfunctions of the body.
The main focus in the entire situation is the diagnosis of the body.
The environment of a healthcare facility built or unbuilt can have a direct impact on patient’s medical
outcome. The impact can be either positive or negative or neutral (no impact).
“I believe that the way people live can be directed a little by architecture”

“We shape the building; henceforth they shape us.”
AIM
The aim of the project is to establish a better environment for the individuals who are been suffering
from cancer and provide them with medical care as well as palliative care which will help to cope them
up with emotional, physical and spiritual situations.
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The important objective of this study to understand the basic standards of hospital constructions, the
services provided with hospital complex and analyses, integrate the various treatments and process
related to cancer in the healthcare structure.
Spaces just not create hope and gets in positivity. They even boost up the healing power of an
individual and further if there is an unhealthy environment it can lead to more of illness of an individual
who is been already undergoing mental and physical trauma. Therefore spaces have far reaching
effects on individual’s health. Thus, to integrate the healing spaces in the healthcare structure and
design.
The relationship between health and space can play a vital role in the medical world if addressed
correctly and hence can be a turning point in whole of medical scenario. Therefore it is necessary to
understand the psychological impacts of architecture on the human body and mind as well as spatial
therapy.
“The architecture of healthcare is just not limited to the materials of constructions and content of
process but also extends to intangible aspects like experience, comfort, ability to empower and heal;
both of which together coherent a healing spaces.”
RESEARCH PROCESS

DESIGN PROCESS

RESEARCH
WHAT IS CANCER?
According to WHO cancer is defined as a generic term for a large group of diseases which can affect
any part of the body. There are various other terms used for cancer such as malignant tumours and
neoplasms. One of the most defining feature of cancer is the rapid growth and creation of abnormal
cells which grows beyond their usual boundaries, and that can invade adjoin parts of the body and
start spreading to other organs. This process is also known as Asmerastasis. The major cause of death
in cancer is known as Metastases. In fact there are many types of cancer, but all types of cancer start
with the process abnormal cells that go out of control.

CANCER’S EFFECT ON PATIENT
Immense grief is a cancer patient’s and his family’s first experience with the cancer when the patient
gets diagnosed with cancer. As one of the patients said, “The moment I was diagnosed with Cancer, I
knew my end was near so I went to my village to meet my near and dear and then came for treatment”.
Cancer also gets in a lot of loss which include the loss of patient’s normal daily routine, the impact of
the diagnosis on other family members, and the financial issues due to diagnosis. Patient and his/her
family goes through different stages of grieving. There are physical symptoms of grieving like lack
of energy, fatigue, headaches and upset stomach, excessive leaping or, conversely, overworking
and excessive activity. Spiritual symptoms like feelings of being closer to God, feelings of anger and
outrage at God, strengthening of faith or questioning of faith.
DURING THE TREATMENT

It’s just not that cancer alone damages the body but other treatments related to cancer like
chemotherapy, radiation, hormone therapy, surgery, and other cancer treatment cause various side
effects which often lead to permanent impairment of several organ systems. Few common side effects
of chemotherapy and radiotherapy which causes fatigue, nausea, vomiting, decreased blood, hair loss,
mouth sores, pain and skin irritation. Cancer treatment is like a whole new war for an individual to
fight for. There are cases in cancer where Financial needs can arise from the high costs of
medical treatment, drugs. There are other financial stress like if the individual is been suffering from
job loss or might be when he/she not working in that period or might be at lack of health insurance.

AFTER THE TREATMENT
In few cases, once treated there is no other treatment needed and are cured of the cancer. While
others who are been suffering from cancer and its treatment, they start becoming terminally or
chronically ill out of the disease. In other few cases Cancer patients sometimes suffer from long term
side effects of cancer treatment pain, vomiting and nausea which are common ones. Cancer
recurrence is a term which is been seen often these days and is defined as the return of cancer after
treatment which causes irritation to most of the patients once their treatment is over. In many cases
the people suffering from cancer have to continue with some of treatment for months or might be
with years, to control their cancer or to prevent it from returning.
WHAT IS PALLIATIVE CARE?

Palliative care is treatment given to the cancer sufferers to relieve the pain rather than curing it.
Palliative care for the cancer patient is given at the 4 stage of the treatment and is been prescribed by

WHO “Prevention -> Early Detection ->Treatment -> Palliative Care”. Palliative care was first
established as end of life care, care for those patient was been given who cannot be cured by the
medical treatments. But now WHO has advised to include palliative care at the early stages of
treatment to meet the emotional, psychological, social and spiritual needs of the cancer patients.
Palliative care can help the patients who are been suffering from cancer to live comfortably; in fact it
is one of the urgent humanitarian need for the individuals all over the globe who are been suffering
from cancer and other chronic fatal diseases. Palliative care should be established in such places where
there is high proportion of people who have been suffering for the disease and are at the advanced
stage where there is a little hope of getting cured and get relieved from emotional, physical,
psychosocial and spiritual problems. Palliative cares main purpose is improving the quality of life of
patients and families who are been facing life-threatening illness, by providing relief and providing
spiritual and psychosocial support to patients and family. Palliative care:
• tries providing relief from pain and other distressing symptoms;
•intends neither to hasten or postpone death;
•providing the psychological and spiritual aspects to patient
•acts as a support system and help the patients live as actively as possible until death;
•enhances the quality of life, and has a positive influence on the course of illness;
Palliative Care Delivery Stage Diagram
PALLIATIVE CARE
In today’s world scenario India is been seen as a developing nation and it is justifiable that health care
sector are more concentrated on cure and detection of the various infectious diseases and other

public health measures like immunization and vaccination and on the improvement on drinking water
supply and sanitation. Furthermore, with the concept of improving standards of living and adaptation
of some western habits like tobacco use, moreover patterns of diseases are been changing and
prevalence of cancer are been increasing. This has lead towards the need for palliative care centres.
Presently, Palliative Care in India is been facing a lot of issues which have been discussed below:
•Lack of awareness about palliative care in the public creates delays in bringing the patients to
palliative care units.
•Imitates the Western models of Care
•Transportation and distance can create difficulties towards the access to palliative care centres.
•Communication gap between the various Hospitals, NGOs and other Volunteers.

INFERENCES: DOCTOR PATIENT RELATIONSHIP
•Doctor first understands the level of knowledge the patient has about the diseases and then
gives knowledge further accordingly.
•Patients completely rely on doctors as a source of information otherwise they surf on internet
(appropriate or inappropriate).
•Doctor completely believe in telling the truth to their patients and don’t believe in hiding anything
regarding the disease so that they can have better plans of future.
•Doctors hardly look into the emotional issues the patients are going through their main attention is
on relieving pain of the individual.
•Patients feel lonely and helpless regarding their disease and feel like sharing but find themselves with
no one.
•It takes several sittings and session for patient to open up to his/her doctor.

PATIENTS PERSONAL RELATIONSHIS, SOCIAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SPIRITUAL ISSUES
•The sudden news of this disease makes the patient worried about their future and start to think
about the unfinished goals.
•Due to the psychological situations and the fight with illness gets the patients have varying moods.
•They sometimes feel away and lonely from their friends and family as they don’t see them on the
same page as theirs.
•Patients who are going and have gone through the treatment but are not able to get back to their
old work life want to get involved in some other kind of work which can keep them busy.
•Recreational Activities for patients will keep their mind off and changed from the unusual irregularity
and the illness they have in their life.
•To some, a hope in god and praying makes them feel good and happy about themselves
OTHER INFERENCES
•Palliative Care does not exist in the present system and pain of the patient is the priority for the
Palliative Clinics.
•Role models, survivor stories, personal survivor interaction helps the patient to get involved in the
system which is off great importance and strengthens their will power.
•Patients mostly prefer to talk to other people, they want to socialize. Arranging social gatherings,
functions are a great idea regarding this situation. They feel good when their near and dear ones come
to meet them at their place.
• A personalized team should be there for every patient who is been suffering from such illness to
meet their needs.

CASE STUDY AND LITERATURE STUDY
Karunashraya Bengaluru
Palliative & Hospice center
Architect: Sanjay Mohe
Year: 1999
Karunashraya, a joint project by the Indian Cancer Society (Karnataka Chapter) and the Rotary Club of
Bangalore Indiranagar, provides professional hospice care for advanced stage cancer patients.
The center is run solely on donations and sponsorships by generous entities. Admission is granted to
patients who are not on any active curative treatment. Karunashraya provides a free service for an
active and dignified end to life, irrespective of a patient’s economic or social background, in a space
that induces healing and peace of mind.
The center is designed with healing as the central concept. It is a haven of lush greenery, birdsong,
and peace, in the midst of the hustle and bustle of a metropolitan city.
The activities of the organization are managed by the CEO and a team of four departmental heads.
There are 150 staff members consisting of nurses, consultants and doctors in palliative medicine,
social workers, physiotherapists, and occupational and complementary therapists who work alongside
fundraisers, housekeeping team, catering staff, maintenance workers administration staff, and a team

of more than 60 volunteers who give their time tirelessly in all manner of roles. It is a 75 bedded, fully
staffed facility.
The word 'serene' acquires a new meaning here; every nook and corner is designed to invoke calmness
and peace in one's inner self - the greenery, water bodies aglow with waterfalls and chirping birds
playing in the background music.

The wards are surrounded by water bodies and greenery. They are designed in a way such that all the
ward receives natural lighting and ventilation. The patients can relax with a view of greenery on one
side and water on the other of their ward.
The all-around ambiance is kept simple and green without any loud colors for the psychological
comfort of the patients. The water body plays a pivotal role in offering serenity.
OBSERVATION
 Use of natural materials as building elements.
 Presence of a therapeutic environment.
 Catering to all need’s physical, social, and emotional.
 Barrier-free design.

 Horizontally spread out design.
 The water seems murky due to inefficient maintenance.
INFERENCE
Despite being situated in a metropolitan city, Karun Ashraya is an abode offering the much-required
healing environment. Thus, crossing beyond the limitations of a typical urban context. Though the
center provides for a small group, it does so up to a standard that has not yet been achieved by most
institutes in India. It is successful in delivering a healing atmosphere due to both, its architecture as
well as the team running the facility.
The design incorporates features especially suited to the needs of cancer patients. The architectural
features observed in Karunashraya should be incorporated in every healthcare facility, be it a hospital
or any other.
“It is like being in a resort, I forget I’m a cancer patient, I’m blessed to spend this valuable time of my
life here” -Ayesha, resident at karunashraya.

WATER BODY
The main attempt through this (water bodies) is to try and capture the feeling of tranquility and sense
of calm to soothe the nerves of the patients undergoing excruciating pain. As the built form recedes
into the background the vast surface of the water becomes a stage upon which the ever-changing light
breeze, and rain perform and the reflections on the water create a metaphor for reflecting on a Life
slowly but steadily drawing to a close.

SHANKARA CANCER FOUNDATION
LOCATION: SHANKARPURAM, BANGALORE.
 Shankara cancer hospital is a non-profitable organization

 The hospital provides expertise in all super-specialties of cancer, has 42 highly qualified and
dedicated doctor consultants. SSCHRC has so far treated 21000 new cancer patients and has
consistently tried to fulfil its main objectives of providing treatment at affordable costs
including free treatment to the poor cancer patients.
 It is a 360-bed hospital with 30 ICU beds and 8 operation theaters
 An OPD provides primary health care for patients who come for treatment, diagnosis or
follow-up care. It is the point of first contact in the hospital
Importance of OPD is that it reduces the number of ill patient traffic, as it helps in early
detection.

 In Shankara hospital the traffic flow of OPD mergers with the flow of other visitors and also
interrupts with the emergency room. The staircase next to the trauma room is closed because
of this.
 OPD should be in a separate area in a hospital.
 Diagnostics department is just below the OPD
 Evening the OPD are shut which makes the whole ground floor shut
 There are few skylights that get light in the corridors but major of the corridors are dark and
have no natural lighting.
 The diagnostics department is proved in the basement because of radiation the machines emit
my effect the surrounding.

CASE STUDY MAGGIE CENTERS
INTRODUCTION
Maggie’s provides free practical, emotional and social support for people with cancer and their
families and friends. Built in the grounds of NHS hospitals, their Centres are warm and encouraging
places, with professional staff on hand to offer the support you need to find your way through
cancer
LOCATION- BARTS, LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM
AREA- 607sqm
The site in the centre of London is adjacent to the large courtyard of St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.
Founded in Smithfield in the 12th century, the hospital is the oldest in London
The building is envisioned as a “vessel within a vessel within a vessel.” The structure is a branching
concrete frame, the inner layer is bamboo and the outer layer is matte white glass with coloured
glass fragments.
The outer glass layer is organized in horizontal bands like a musical staff while the concrete structure
branches like the hand.

While most of all Maggie centres are horizontal building, the centre at bats is more of a vertical
building.
In terms of material this centre does not follow the same material which is used in the adjacent
hospital building.
Evening, the facades begin to glow as if the building was a lantern. So, if you’re in that near the
building, and it’s dark and raining, this luminous thing is inviting you in.

SITE
SITE ANALYSIS
LOCATION: SRI SATHYA SAI HOSPITAL, WHITEFIELD, BANGALORE
SITE AREA: 3.2ACRE
LAND USE AND LAND OWNERSHIP
According to Bangalore development authority the site is designated for public or semi-public space.
The land is owned by the hospital Authority and is kept for future expansion of the hospital
GROUND COVER: Above 2000sqm 45% of site

FAR:2
There is a high rate of cancer patients in Bangalore but none of the hospitals in and around
Whitefield provide cancer care. Sri Sathya Sai hospital also provides all treatments apart from cancer
care.
The map below shows the change in open spaces in the last decade. Numerous modern commercial
buildings have taken over the barren land.

SITE JUSTIFICATION
- Karnataka has one of the highest incident cases of cancer in India and people from various places
come here for treatment
- Bangalore having a moderate climate through the year it well suited for Cancer treatment
- Sri Sathya Sai Medical Hospital is a charity trust hospital which has all the treatments apart from
cancer care
- The treatment provide here is free of cost because of which people from all over India come here
to seek treatment
The hospital has a separate quarter for doctors and nurses therefore the doctors stay in close
proximity and available in case of emergency.
- Whitefield has a lot of Industries, IT parks and is growing on a rapid bases but the nearest Cancer
hospital is around 23km away

- The site is well connected and has easy access for ambulance, doctors and visitors.
site.
-Throughout the year there are 2 types of major wind patterns observed
One from WSW during May to September.
Other being from East during October to March.
- The west side of the site is very noisy because of the ambulance, other vehicular movement and
movement of visitors and doctors but as we move deeper inside the site it becomes much quieter.
-There is moderate noise coming from the industry on the north and quarters on the east and south
side of the site.
ZONE ANALYSIS:
ZONE 1
-This zone is moderately noisy because of the

industry adjacent to it but the noise is to an
extend cut down due to presence of trees.
--This zone can be accessed from the road

provided for ambulance movement.
-This zone is highly suitable for emergency

trauma room.
-It is a Good view of a line of Pomgamia tree.
ZONE 2
-The side towards the road is noisy therefore not suitable for in patient block.
-This zone becomes much quieter as we go further from the road
-The zone also has banana plantation and tress towards the road that acts as a buffer.
-This is the zone which the patients and visitor first see when they enter the Sri Sathya Sai hospital
premises therefore being the most suitable for entry to the site.
-Has a good view of the hospital dome.
ZONE 3
-This zone has less vegetation compared to the other 2 zones

-Has noise coming from road and the doctor’s quarters making it the noisiest zone compared to the
other 2 zones.
-This zone has 2 porous sides and acts as a link for future expansion of the hospital.
VEGETATION VIEWS AND EDGE CONDITIONS:

-The site has trees all around the boundary which reduces lot of noise coming to the site.
-The site is porous on west east and south side but because of the vegetation they make a visual
barrier.
-There are 3 types of major trees seen on the site: Imli tree, Pongamia Pinata and Badam tree
-On a small patch of the site there is Banana plantation.
-The site has good views on almost all throughout the site because of the vegetation.
VISUAL STUDY

AREA PROGRAM

DESIGN IDEAS
To create a space which gets all the 3 groups together so that there is a better bond created
between them
Also, so that the patient feels at home
Throughout the building I want the visitors to feel like there is no difference between the interior
and exterior of the building.
Want the environment to feel open and inviting.

To allow as much as daylight into the building as possible.
Higher ceiling makes a person feel freer than feel restrained and restricted.
-Open spaces between the wards gets natural light inside the building
-It also acts as a social space where patients or visitors interact with one another
-These open spaces also give good view for the people in the ward and also acts as a buffer from the
other wards on the floor
-Campus kind of design helps in segregation of traffic flow but at the same time keeps all the places
well connected by a central space.
-To keep the circulation in the design direct so that it is easy for the people.

DESIGN OUTPUT

BIBLOGRAPHY
https://archnet.org/sites/5185/media_contents/48468
http://www.stevenholl.com/projects/maggies-centre-barts
http://www.wales.nhs.uk/sites3/Documents/254/Wardlayouts.pdf
https://bakedfromnature.blogspot.com/2017/04/case-
study.html?showComment=1574055005307#c2173219939873989603


Hospital Report

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Hospital Report

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Table of Contents

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 1

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 2

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 3

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 4

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 5

DURING THE TREATMENT

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 6

WHAT IS PALLIATIVE CARE?

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 7

• tries providing relief from pain and other distressing symptoms;

•intends neither to hasten or postpone death;

•providing the psychological and spiritual aspects to patient

Palliative Care Delivery Stage Diagram

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 8

•Imitates the Western models of Care

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 9

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 10

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 11

Architect: Sanjay Mohe

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 12

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 13

 Presence of a therapeutic environment.

 Catering to all need’s physical, social, and emotional.

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 14

 The water seems murky due to inefficient maintenance.

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 15

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 16

 Shankara cancer hospital is a non-profitable organization

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 17

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 18

LOCATION- BARTS, LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 22

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 23

SITE AREA: 3.2ACRE

LAND USE AND LAND OWNERSHIP

GROUND COVER: Above 2000sqm 45% of site

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 24

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 25

-This zone is moderately noisy because of the

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 26

-This zone is highly suitable for emergency

-This zone has less vegetation compared to the other 2 zones

VEGETATION VIEWS AND EDGE CONDITIONS:

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 27

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 28

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 30

Want the environment to feel open and inviting.

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 33

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 35

COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CARE 36

You might also like