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Busn 233 CH 11
Busn 233 CH 11
Busn 233 CH 11
Geomean formula 2
(1+R1*1+R2*…1+Rn)^(1/n)-1 Mean
Large Company
Year Stocks
1926 11.14%
1927 37.13%
1928 43.31%
1929 -8.91%
1930 -25.26%
1931 -43.86%
1932 -8.85%
1933 52.88%
1934 -2.34%
1935 47.22%
1936 32.80%
1937 -35.26%
1938 33.20%
1939 -0.91%
1940 -10.08%
1941 -11.77%
1942 21.07%
1943 25.76%
1944 19.69%
1945 36.46%
1946 -8.18%
1947 5.24%
1948 5.10%
1949 18.06%
1950 30.58%
1951 24.55%
1952 18.50%
1953 -1.10%
1954 52.40%
1955 31.43%
1956 6.63%
1957 -10.85%
1958 43.34%
1959 11.90%
1960 0.48%
1961 26.81%
1962 -8.78%
1963 22.69%
1964 16.36%
1965 12.36%
1966 -10.10%
1967 23.94%
1968 11.00%
1969 -8.47%
1970 3.94%
1971 14.30%
1972 18.99%
1973 -14.69%
1974 -26.47%
1975 37.23%
1976 23.93%
1977 -7.16%
1978 6.57%
1979 18.61%
1980 32.50%
1981 -4.92%
1982 21.55%
1983 22.56%
1984 6.27%
1985 31.73%
1986 18.67%
1987 5.25%
1988 16.61%
1989 31.69%
1990 -3.10%
1991 30.46%
1992 7.62%
1993 10.08%
1994 1.32%
1995 37.58%
1996 22.96%
1997 33.36%
1998 28.58%
1999 21.04%
2000 -9.10%
2001 -11.89%
2002 -22.10%
2003 28.68%
2004 10.88%
2005 4.91%
2006 15.79%
2007 5.49%
2008 -37.00%
Roger G. Ibbotson & Rex Sinquefield Because Beg = 1
Year Invested 1925 End^(1/Periods)-1
Year Withdrawn 2008
Years Invested 83 Geomean formula 1
(End/Beg)^(1/Periods)-1
$ Invested in $ Withdrawn in
Mean Investment Category 1925 2008 Geometric Mean
16.40% Small Company Stocks $1.00 $9,548.94 11.67%
11.70% Large Company Stocks $1.00 $2,049.45 9.62%
6.10% Long Term Gov. Bonds $1.00 $99.16 5.69%
3.80% Treasury Bills $1.00 $20.51 3.71%
3.10% Inflation $1.00 $11.73 3.01%
Geomean formula 2
(1+R1*1+R2*…1+Rn)^(1/n)-1 Mean
9.511%
Large Company
Year Stocks
1926 11.14%
1927 37.13%
1928 43.31%
1929 -8.91%
1930 -25.26%
1931 -43.86%
1932 -8.85%
1933 52.88%
1934 -2.34%
1935 47.22%
1936 32.80%
1937 -35.26%
1938 33.20%
1939 -0.91%
1940 -10.08%
1941 -11.77%
1942 21.07%
1943 25.76%
1944 19.69%
1945 36.46%
1946 -8.18%
1947 5.24%
1948 5.10%
1949 18.06%
1950 30.58%
1951 24.55%
1952 18.50%
1953 -1.10%
1954 52.40%
1955 31.43%
1956 6.63%
1957 -10.85%
1958 43.34%
1959 11.90%
1960 0.48%
1961 26.81%
1962 -8.78%
1963 22.69%
1964 16.36%
1965 12.36%
1966 -10.10%
1967 23.94%
1968 11.00%
1969 -8.47%
1970 3.94%
1971 14.30%
1972 18.99%
1973 -14.69%
1974 -26.47%
1975 37.23%
1976 23.93%
1977 -7.16%
1978 6.57%
1979 18.61%
1980 32.50%
1981 -4.92%
1982 21.55%
1983 22.56%
1984 6.27%
1985 31.73%
1986 18.67%
1987 5.25%
1988 16.61%
1989 31.69%
1990 -3.10%
1991 30.46%
1992 7.62%
1993 10.08%
1994 1.32%
1995 37.58%
1996 22.96%
1997 33.36%
1998 28.58%
1999 21.04%
2000 -9.10%
2001 -11.89%
2002 -22.10%
2003 28.68%
2004 10.88%
2005 4.91%
2006 15.79%
2007 5.49%
2008 -37.00%
Check
9548.94
2049.45
99.16
20.51
11.73
Expected Return and SD for 1 stock
Estimated Stock A Estimated Stock B
Prob of Return if State Return if State
State of economy State Occurs Occurs
Recession 0.45 -0.05 -0.2
Normal 0.5 0.12 0.22
Irrational Exuberance 0.05 0.15 0.28
E(RA) E(RB)
Add
E(RA) E(RB)
Expected Return based on Estimations both from pas
and estimates of future economic states
Add Variance
SDA SDB
SQRT 0 0 Total Risk
SDA SDB
E(RA) E(RB)
Expected Return based on Estimations both from pas
0.045 0.034 and estimates of future economic states
SDA SDB
Standard Deviation of P
SQRT
Expected Return and SD for portfolio
Stock A B
Invested $10,000.00 $15,000.00
Weight 0.4 0.6
0.0384 0.1616930425
Add
SQRT
Sep 30, 2004, Merck announced recall
VIOXX, stock went from $45 to $33.
Correlation tells us the strength and direction of the line (between -1 and 1)
SDWFMI/SDM = Amount of Standard Deviation of WFMI per 1 unit of Market Standard Deviation
Together they say direction and strength of Systematic Risk for WMFI
Beta
S & P Weely Returns WFMI Weely Returns
Date S&P 500 Adj WFMI Close Adj for Lat 4 Years for Lat 4 Years
11/9/2007 1453.7 42.51 Weekly Return S & P Weekly Return WFMI
11/12/2007 1458.74 44.4 0.0034670152 0.044460127
11/19/2007 1440.7 39.94 -0.0123668371 -0.1004504505
11/26/2007 1481.14 42.15 0.0280696883 0.0553329995
12/3/2007 1504.66 42.19 0.0158796603 0.0009489917
f(x) =
12/10/2007 1467.95 39.77 -0.0243975383 -0.0573595639
12/17/2007 1484.46 41.73
R² = 0
0.0112469771 0.0492833794
Beta For WFMI
12/24/2007 1478.49 40.77 -0.0040216644 12 -0.0230050324
Correlation tells us the strength and direction of the line (between -1 and 1)
Beta
S For
/SD WFMI
= Amount of Standard Deviation of WFMI per 1 unit of Market Standard Deviation
DWFMI M
Together they say direction and strength of Systematic Risk for WMFI
2 4 6 8 10 12
S & P Weely Returns for Lat 4 Years
Beta For Porfolio
Weights =
Invested/(Total Expected Return Beta
Stock Amount Invetsed Expected Return Beta Invested) E(R)*W B*W
W $2,000.00 8.00% 0.80
X $4,000.00 12.00% 0.95
Y $4,000.00 15.00% 1.10
Z $6,000.00 18.00% 1.40
$16,000.00 Total
Expected
Return for P
Portfolio Beta
Beta For Porfolio
Weights =
Invested/(Total Expected Return Beta
Stock Amount Invetsed Expected Return Beta Invested) E(R)*W B*W
W $2,000.00 8.00% 0.80 0.125 1.00% 0.1
X $4,000.00 12.00% 0.95 0.25 3.00% 0.2375
Y $4,000.00 15.00% 1.10 0.25 3.75% 0.275
Z $6,000.00 18.00% 1.40 0.375 6.75% 0.525
$16,000.00 Total 14.50% 1.1375
Expected
Return for P 14.50%
There is more reward than the model suggests there should be at the give
%*1 = 11.00%
%*2 = 20.00%
%*2 = 20.00%
%*1 = 11.00%
m) / (1 Beta) = 'going rate', given Rf = 2.00%.
e the SML) and therefore is priced too low - High Rate / Low Price.
gests there should be at the given risk level. If we believed our model, we would buy.
CAPM
Rf 2.00%
10.00%
1; 9.00% 0.9
1
1; 12.50%
10.10%
11.00%
Beta of 1, asset
1
1
0.092
0.101
0.9
1
5.00%
1.1 11.90% should earn
1 0.11
1.2
1.3
12.80%
13.70%
2.00% + 9.00%*1
0.00%
0 0.5 1.4
1 14.60%
1.5 2 = 11.00%
2.5 3 3.5
1.5 15.50%
Asset Beta BA Beta of 2, asset
1.6
1.7
16.40%
17.30%
should earn
1.8 18.20% 2.00% + 9.00%*2
1.9 19.10%
= 20.00%
should earn
2.00% + 9.00%*2
2 20.00%
= 20.00%
2.1 20.90%
2.2 21.80%
2.3 22.70%
2.4 23.60%
2.5 24.50%
2.6 25.40%
2.7 26.30%
2.8 27.20%
2.9 28.10%
3 29.00%
Beta of 1, asset should earn 2.00% + 9.00%*1 = 11.00%
Beta of 2, asset should earn 2.00% + 9.00%*2 = 20.00%
given Rf Y=Line
2.00%.
OveX Line Up Y Line Up X Line OveY Line OveBelow X Below Y Above X Above Y
11.00% 2 0 0 20.00% 1.2 12.50% 0.6 9.00%
11.00% 2 2.00% 0.1 20.00%
11.00% 2 2.90% 0.2 20.00%
11.00% 2 3.80% 0.3 20.00%
11.00% 2 4.70% 0.4 20.00%
11.00% 2 5.60% 0.5 20.00%
11.00% 2 6.50% 0.6 20.00%
11.00% 2 7.40% 0.7 20.00%
11.00% 2 8.30% 0.8 20.00%
sset 11.00%
11.00%
2
2
9.20%
10.10%
0.9 20.00%
1 20.00%
n 2 11.00% 1.1 20.00%
00%*1 2
2
11.90%
12.80%
1.2 20.00%
1.3 20.00%
3 3.5 2 13.70% 1.4 20.00%
sset 2 14.60% 1.5 20.00%
n 2
2
15.50%
16.40%
1.6 20.00%
1.7 20.00%
00%*2 2 17.30% 1.8 20.00%
2 18.20% 1.9 20.00%
n
00%*2
2 19.10% 2 20.00%
2 20.00%
%*1 = 11.00%
%*2 = 20.00%
%*2 = 20.00%
%*1 = 11.00%
m) / (1 Beta) = 'going rate', given Rf = 2.00%.
e the SML) and therefore is priced too low - High Rate / Low Price.
gests there should be at the given risk level. If we believed our model, we would buy.
CAPM ==> E(RA) = RF + (E(RM) - Rf)*BA
Rf 2.00%
Market Risk Premium =
E(RM) - Rf 9.00%
Market thinks Stock D should be at 0.00%. If your calculations of E(RD) shows 14.50%,
would you buy?
No.
If others came to the same conclusion, buying and selling would lead to a drop in price
and a rise in return (price and return move in opposite directions).
Risk Reward Ratio = (E(RA)- Rf)/BA
Not buy
CAPM ==> E(RA) = RF + (E(RM) - Rf)*BA
Rf 2.00%
Market Risk Premium =
E(RM) - Rf 9.00%
Market thinks Stock D should be at 15.50%. If your calculations of E(RD) shows 14.50%,
would you buy?
No.
If others came to the same conclusion, buying and selling would lead to a drop in price
and a rise in return (price and return move in opposite directions).
Risk Reward Ratio
Not buy
1
2
3a
3b
3c
3d
3e
3f
4a
4b
4c
4d
4e
10
Systematic
Unsystematic
Unclear
Both
Total Risk of buying an asset comes from the risk that new information will become available and change the price of the asset
happens when it is announced that that day after thanksgiving retail sales are very low (or high), or when a law suit against a c
announced, or when a new innovative project is announced, or a new contact is signed (think of Boeing), or when inflation is h
or interest rates will be lowered by more than expected. Some of this new information affects just a few stocks and some affec
the information affects just a few stocks (or just one), this is called Asset Specific Risk, and when the new information affects m
called Systematic Risk (whole system is affected). Asset specific risk (unsystematic, diversifiable risk) is the risk that unexpected
affects the price of just a single stock, or group of stocks. When a portfolio of stocks are held, the assets specific risks will tend t
out, meaning that when one stock goes up, another will go down. Examples of asset specific risks are things like a new product
announcement or a law suit announcement or new information about the supply or demand of a commodity. Systematic risk i
unexpected news will occur that affects a large number of stocks, like government CPI or interest rate information. Since this so
information affects most stocks, when it comes out, all the assets in the portfolio tend to move and so this risk can not be diver
many different stocks. By holding many different types of financial assets, the level of asset specific risk (unsystematic risk) tend
just the cost of buying the different assets, but the systematic risk is not eliminated, unless you move closer to a risk-free asset
asset specific risk can be controlled by diversifying the portfolio, whereas, systematic risk can be controlled by lowering the exp
assets like T-bills only).
If this drop in growth from 5% to 2% is unexpected new information, security prices will tend to fall. If the drop had been antic
"priced into the stock market" or "discounted", then there would be no overall change in security prices.
Systematic
Unsystematic
Both. Industries like Airlines and Trucking may be affected more heavily than mots other types of companies
Unsystematic
Unsystematic
Systematic
It would tend to cause stocks in general and Big Widget Corp in particual to move. Probably move down because when inflatio
stuff then costs more and expenses would tend to be higher.
If the information in the report was fully anticipated, then all the info would already be "discounted" into prices and so price of
move. The return would be equal to the expected return. There is no new asset specific information.
This is not new unexpected system information and so it would not tend to "move the market" (cause prices to change).
This is asset specific risk and would make the price change. This event would create uncertainly about the future direction of th
about the future is a risk that would demand more return, and when return goes up, price goes down.
This may only have a small systematic affect because if it was debated for months, people probably already have the tax chang
market prices.
No - since risky assets are defined as assets that have systematic risk, it is not possible. The expected return of an asset with a B
Free Rate, like a T-bill rate. A negative Beta is possible because there are asset returns that move in the opposite direction of th
Companies that do well in economic downturns like liquidation companies or pawn shops or Reposition Companies. Companie
negative Risk Premium. E(Ri) - Rf = (a negative number). Negative because the return would be less than the Risk Free Return. I
pay the negative risk premium to get the diversification benefit of the hedge against market moves downward.
Past numbers are relevant because when estimating the unknown future, the past is usually the best info we have for making p
the future events are not similar to past events, then the model used may give us the wrong answer. In regards to Accounting
publically traded companies where stock holders are "outside the company" and managers are "inside the company", accounti
usually the best info we can get. In fact, GAPP accounting is the mechanism that has been developed to get info from inside to
1
3a
3b
3c
3d
3e
3f
4a
4b
4c
4d
4e
10
Systematic
Unsystematic
Unclear
Both
Stock A B
Invested 1500 2600
E(Ri) 0.1 0.16
Weight 0.365854 0.634146
E(RP)
Stock A B
Invested 1500 2600
E(Ri) 0.1 0.16
Weight 0.365854 0.634146
E(RP) 0.138049
Stock A B C
E(Ri) 0.1 0.13 0.15
Weight 0.25 0.4 0.35 1
E(RP)
Stock A B C
E(Ri) 0.1 0.13 0.15
Weight 0.25 0.4 0.35 1
E(RP) 0.1295
State of Prob. Og State of Stock A Return Stock B Return
Economy Economy if State Occurs if State Occurs
Recession 0.2 0.01 -0.25
Normal 0.55 0.09 0.15
Boom 0.25 0.14 0.38
E(Ri)
SDi
E(Ri)
SDi
Add
SQRT
State of Prob. Og State of Stock A Return Stock B Return
Economy Economy if State Occurs if State Occurs
Recession 0.2 0.01 -0.25 0.002
Normal 0.55 0.09 0.15 0.0495
Boom 0.25 0.14 0.38 0.035
E(Ri) 0.0865
0.00117
6.74E-06
0.000716
0.001893
SDi 0.043506
E(Ri) 0.0865
SDi 0.043506
-0.05
0.0825
0.095
0.1275
0.022646
0.002218
0.021536
0.0464 Add
0.215406 SQRT
0.1275
0.211468
Weight 0.3 0.4 0.3 1
State of Prob. Of State of Stock A Return Stock B Return Stock C Return Portfolio Return
Economy Economy if State Occurs if State Occurs if State Occurs if State Ocurrs
Bust 0.05 -0.11 -0.25 -0.09
Poor 0.35 0.01 0.02 -0.05
Good 0.45 0.12 0.1 0.17
Boom 0.15 0.35 0.45 0.33
E(RP)
E(RP)
E(RP)
E(RP)
Portfolio
Return if (Portfolio Return
State Ocurrs - E(RP))^2*Pro
Total
SDP SQRT
SDP
Weight 0.3 0.4 0.3 1
State of Prob. Of State of Stock A Return Stock B Return Stock C Return Portfolio Return
Economy Economy if State Occurs if State Occurs if State Occurs if State Ocurrs
Bust 0.05 -0.11 -0.25 -0.09 -0.16
Poor 0.35 0.01 0.02 -0.05 -0.004
Good 0.45 0.12 0.1 0.17 0.127
Boom 0.15 0.35 0.45 0.33 0.384
E(RP) 0.10535
E(RP) 0.10535
E(RP) 0.10535
E(RP) 0.10535
Portfolio
Return if (Portfolio Return
State Ocurrs - E(RP))^2*Pro
-0.16 0.0035205311
-0.004 0.0041850979
0.127 0.0002109251
0.384 0.0116468734
0.0195634275 Total
SDP 0.1398693229 SQRT
SDP 0.1398693229
Stock Q R S T
Weight 0.25 0.2 0.45 0.1 1
Beta 0.85 0.91 1.31 1.76
BetaP
Stock Q R S T
Weight 0.25 0.2 0.45 0.1 1
Beta 0.85 0.91 1.31 1.76
BetaP 1.16
Stock E(RM) RF S1 S2
Weight 0.333333 0.333333 0.333333 1
E(R)
Beta 1 0 ?? 1.31
E(Ri) = Rf + (E(RM)-Rf)*Bi
(E(Ri) - Rf)/(E(RM)-Rf) = Bi
Stock E(RM) RF S1 S2
Weight 0.333333 0.333333 0.333333 1
E(R)
Beta 1 0 ?? 1.31
E(Ri) = Rf + (E(RM)-Rf)*Bi
(E(Ri) - Rf)/(E(RM)-Rf) = Bi
Beta of asset 1.25
E(RM) 0.117
Rf 0.045
E(Ri) E(Ri) = Rf + (E(RM) - Rf)*Bi
Beta of asset 1.25
E(RM) 0.117
Rf 0.045
E(Ri) 0.135 E(Ri) = Rf + (E(RM) - Rf)*Bi
E(RM) - Rf 0.069
Rf 0.055
E(Ri) 0.142
Bi = (E(Ri)-Rf)/(E(RM)-Rf)
b
BP 0.8
BP = Bi * Wi + Brf * Wrf
0.8 = 1.2 * Wi + 0 * (1-Wi)
0.8 / 1.2 = Wi
Wrf
d BP 2.4
BP = Bi * Wi + Brf * Wrf
2.4 = 1.2 * Wi + 0 * (1-Wi)
2.4 / 1.2 = Wi Invested 200% in stock because of borrowing
Wrf Invested -100% in Rf because of borrowing. Represents borrowing at Risk F
2.4 = 1.2 * 2
ng. Represents borrowing at Risk Free Rate
a Stock A
Beta 1.2
E(Ri) 0.118
Rf 0.038
E(Ri) = Rf + (E(RM) - Rf)*Bi
Weight of Stock A Weight of Stock Rf E(RP) E(RP) using CAPM
0.5 0.5 0.078
b
BP 0.8
BP = Bi * Wi + Brf * Wrf
0.8 = 1.2 * Wi + 0 * (1-Wi)
0.8 / 1.2 = Wi 0.6666666667
Wrf 0.3333333333
d BP 2.4
BP = Bi * Wi + Brf * Wrf
2.4 = 1.2 * Wi + 0 * (1-Wi)
2.4 / 1.2 = Wi 2 Invested 200% in stock because of borrowing
Wrf -1 Invested -100% in Rf because of borrowing. Represents borrowing at Risk F
2.4 = 1.2 * 2
ng. Represents borrowing at Risk Free Rate
Asset W
E(RW) 0.13
BW 1.25
Rf 0.045
Risk Premium = E(RM) - Rf (E(Ri) - Rf)/Bi = E(RM) - Rf
E(RM) - Rf
Portfolio
Percentage of Portfolio in Portfolio Expected
W Beta Return
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
Asset W
E(RW) 0.13
BW 1.25
Rf 0.045
Risk Premium = E(RM) - Rf 0.068 (E(Ri) - Rf)/Bi = E(RM) - Rf
E(RM) - Rf 0.068
P
Portfolio
o
r Portfolio Expected Return
Percentage of Portfolio in Portfolio Expected t
0.2
f
W Beta Return o 0.18
0.16 f(x) = 0.068x + 0.045
0 0 0.045 l
0.14
i
0.25 0.3125 0.06625 o 0.12
0.1
0.5 0.625 0.0875 E 0.08
x 0.06
0.75 0.9375 0.10875 p 0.04
1 1.25 0.13 e
c
0.02
0
1.25 1.5625 0.15125 t
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8
e
1.5 1.875 0.1725 d Portfolio Beta
R
e
t
u
r
n
d Return
Expected Return using CAPM is higher than the Expected Return given.
calculated using CAMP prices the risk (systematic risk) at 13.6%. This mean
CAPM => E(RY) = Rf + 13% is below the SML, which means the stock is over valued - Low Rate /
(E(RM)-Rf)*BY 0.136 enough reward for the given risk level.
Stock Y is offering a 6.54% return for 1 unit of Systematic Risk. Since the M
0.07, we can see that Y is not offering a rate high enough. In a competitiv
Reward To Risk Ratio this stock will be bid down. In theory, this stock will bid down until the r
=> (E(RY) - Rf)/BY 0.0653846154 return offered in the market.
Stock Z
Beta 0.75
E(RZ) 0.105
Expected Return using CAPM is lower than the Expected Return given. T
calculated using CAPM prices the risk (systematic risk) at 9.75%. The give
high (above the SML) and there for is priced too low - High Rate / Low
CAPM => E(RZ) = Rf + reward than the model suggests there should be at the given risk level. If w
(E(RM)-Rf)*BZ 0.0975 we would buy.
Stock Z is offering a 8.00% return for 1 unit of Systematic Risk. Since the M
0.07, we can see that Z is offering a higher rate. In a competitive market
Reward To Risk Ratio should be bid up. In theory, this stock should be bid up until the return i
=> (E(RZ) - Rf)/BZ 0.08 offered in the market.
Rf 0.045
Market Risk Premium
= E(RM) - Rf 0.07
Goal Are stocks priced correctly?
Check:
an the Expected Return given. The Expected Return
matic risk) at 13.6%. This means that the given rate of
ck is over valued - Low Rate / High Price. There is not
d for the given risk level.
WLC 50.00%
E(RLC) 11.70%
WLTB 50.00%
E(RLTB) 6.20%
E(RP)
WS 50.00%
E(Rs) 16.40%
Wrf 50.00%
E(Rrf) 3.80%
E(RP)
Historical
Average
Return =
Investment RH
Large Stocks 11.70%
Small Stocks 16.40%
Long-term Corporate Bonds 6.20%
Long-term Government Bonds 6.10%
U.S. Treasury Bills = Rf 3.80%
Inflation = I 3.10%
WLC 50.00%
E(RLC) 11.70%
WLTB 50.00%
E(RLTB) 6.20%
E(RP) 8.9500%
WS 50.00%
E(Rs) 16.40%
Wrf 50.00%
E(Rrf) 3.80%
E(RP) 10.1000%
Total To Invest $250,000.00
E(RH) 0.14
E(RL) 0.101 Target
E(RP) 0.1205 0.12
WH 0.5
WL 0.5
Amount To Invest In H $125,000.00
Amount To Invest In H $125,000.00
Total To Invest $250,000.00
E(RH) 0.14
E(RL) 0.101 Target
E(RP) 0.12 Used Goal Seek 0.12
WH 0.4871794872
WL 0.5128205128
Amount To Invest In H $121,794.87
Amount To Invest In H $128,205.13
BJ 1.2
E(RJ) 0.1316
BK 0.75
E(RK) 0.101
Goal: Portfolio w Same Risk as Market
Beta of Market = 1
1 = BJ*WJ + BK*(1-WJ)
(1-.75)/(1.2-.75) = WJ
WJ WJ
WK 1-WJ
E(RP)
BJ 1.2
E(RJ) 0.1316
BK 0.75
E(RK) 0.101
Goal: Portfolio w Same Risk as Market
Beta of Market = 1
1 = BJ*WJ + BK*(1-WJ)
(1-.75)/(1.2-.75) = WJ
WJ 0.555556 WJ
WK 0.444444 1-WJ
E(RP) 0.118
Weight 0.4 0.4 0.2 1
Estimated Stock Estimated Stock Estimated Stock
State Of Prob of Return of A if Return of B if Return of C if Return If State
Ecomnomy State State Occurs State Occurs State Occurs Occurs
Boom 0.15 0.02 0.32 0.6
Normal 0.55 0.1 0.12 0.2
Bust 0.3 0.16 -0.11 -0.35
E(RP)
Total Risk = SDP SQRT
Rf 0.0375
E(RP) - Rf Expected Risk Premium
Deviation^2*
Prob
add
E(RP) 0.0938
Total Risk = SDP 0.1038901343 SQRT
Rf 0.0375
E(RP) - Rf 0.0563 Expected Risk Premium
Deviation^2*
Prob
0.003946326
0.000643302
0.006203532
0.01079316 add
ta means
ematic Risk
Estimated Stock Estimated Stock
Return of I if State Return of II if
State Of Economy Prob of State Occurs State Occurs
Recession 0.25 0.02 -0.2
More Total Risk
Normal 0.6 0.32 0.12 and low Beta
Irrational Exuberance 0.15 0.18 0.4 (systematic risk)
means more
E(R) 0.224 0.082 unsystematic Risk
Total Risk = SD 0.1273734666 0.1895151709
Using CAPM E(Ri) = Rf + (E(RM) - Rf)*Bi
Solve for Bi (E(Ri) - Rf)/(E(RM) - Rf) = Bi Higher Beta means
more Systematic Risk
Most Systematic Risk? 1.6727272727 0.3818181818
Most Unsystematic Risk?
Market Risk Premium 0.11
Rf 0.04
ore Total Risk
d low Beta
ystematic risk)
eans more
systematic Risk
ta means
ematic Risk
http://finance.yahoo.com/ Good
www.stlouisfed.org
http://research.stlouisfed.org/fred2/series/TB3MS/downloaddata?cid=116
3 month 0.0016
Mean -0.003598 check Mean
Geomean -0.014096 1.41 Geomean
STDEV 0.1500998 STDEV
Beta 0.0628437
Date WFMI Close Adj Weekly Return S&P 500 Adj Weekly Return S
11/22/2010 47.01 1189.4
11/15/2010 45.71 -0.0276536907 1199.73 0.0086850513
11/8/2010 46.86 0.0251586086 1199.21 -0.0004334309
11/1/2010 45.49 -0.0292360222 1225.85 0.0222146246
10/25/2010 39.75 -0.1261815784 1183.26 -0.0347432394
10/18/2010 39.89 0.0035220126 1183.08 -0.0001521221
10/11/2010 38.3 -0.0398596139 1176.19 -0.005823782
10/4/2010 34.57 -0.0973890339 1165.15 -0.0093862386
9/27/2010 37.07 0.0723170379 1146.24 -0.01622967
9/20/2010 37.07 0 1148.67 0.0021199749
9/13/2010 37.09 0.0005395198 1125.59 -0.020092803
9/7/2010 35.47 -0.0436775411 1109.55 -0.0142503043
8/30/2010 36.66 0.0335494784 1104.51 -0.004542382
8/23/2010 35.7 -0.0261865794 1064.59 -0.0361427239
8/16/2010 36.72 0.0285714286 1071.69 0.0066692342
8/9/2010 36.42 -0.0081699346 1079.25 0.0070542788
8/2/2010 36.48 0.0016474465 1121.64 0.0392772759
7/26/2010 37.97 0.0408442982 1101.6 -0.0178666952
7/19/2010 38.77 0.0210692652 1102.66 0.0009622367
7/12/2010 37.21 -0.0402372969 1064.88 -0.0342626013
7/6/2010 36.66 -0.0147809729 1077.96 0.0122830741
6/28/2010 35.02 -0.0447354064 1022.58 -0.0513748191
6/21/2010 38.69 0.1047972587 1076.76 0.0529836296
6/14/2010 40.36 0.0431636082 1117.51 0.0378450165
6/7/2010 39.38 -0.0242814668 1091.6 -0.0231854749
6/1/2010 38.61 -0.0195530726 1064.88 -0.0244778307
5/24/2010 40.43 0.0471380471 1089.41 0.0230354594
5/17/2010 39.24 -0.0294335889 1087.69 -0.0015788363
5/10/2010 40.83 0.0405198777 1135.68 0.0441210271
5/3/2010 36.68 -0.1016409503 1110.88 -0.0218371372
4/26/2010 39.02 0.0637949836 1186.69 0.0682431946
4/19/2010 40.2 0.0302409021 1217.28 0.025777583
4/12/2010 39.11 -0.0271144279 1192.13 -0.0206608176
4/5/2010 38.8 -0.0079263615 1194.37 0.0018789897
3/29/2010 36.91 -0.0487113402 1178.1 -0.0136222444
3/22/2010 35.41 -0.0406393931 1166.59 -0.0097699686
3/15/2010 35.83 0.0118610562 1159.9 -0.0057346626
3/8/2010 36.3 0.0131174993 1149.99 -0.00854384
3/1/2010 36.11 -0.0052341598 1138.7 -0.0098174767
2/22/2010 35.49 -0.0171697591 1104.49 -0.0300430315
2/16/2010 33.66 -0.0515638208 1109.17 0.0042372498
2/8/2010 29.75 -0.1161616162 1075.51 -0.0303470162
2/1/2010 27.38 -0.0796638655 1066.19 -0.0086656563
1/25/2010 27.22 -0.0058436815 1073.87 0.0072032189
1/19/2010 28.45 0.0451873622 1091.76 0.0166593722
1/11/2010 27.95 -0.0175746924 1136.03 0.040549205
1/4/2010 27.96 0.0003577818 1144.98 0.0078783131
12/28/2009 27.45 -0.0182403433 1115.1 -0.0260965257
12/21/2009 28.41 0.0349726776 1126.48 0.0102053627
12/14/2009 26.99 -0.0499824006 1102.47 -0.0213141822
12/7/2009 26.67 -0.0118562431 1106.41 0.0035737934
11/30/2009 26.2 -0.0176227972 1105.98 -0.0003886444
11/23/2009 25.9 -0.0114503817 1091.49 -0.0131015027
11/16/2009 26.36 0.0177606178 1091.38 -0.0001007797
11/9/2009 27.49 0.0428679818 1093.48 0.0019241694
11/2/2009 28.25 0.0276464169 1069.3 -0.0221128873
10/26/2009 32.06 0.1348672566 1036.19 -0.0309641822
10/19/2009 33.36 0.0405489707 1079.6 0.0418938612
10/12/2009 33.74 0.0113908873 1087.68 0.0074842534
10/5/2009 31.67 -0.0613515116 1071.49 -0.0148848926
9/28/2009 29.21 -0.0776760341 1025.21 -0.0431921903
9/21/2009 28.77 -0.0150633345 1044.38 0.0186986081
9/14/2009 28.6 -0.0059089329 1068.3 0.0229035409
9/8/2009 28.43 -0.0059440559 1042.73 -0.0239352242
8/31/2009 27.65 -0.0274358072 1016.4 -0.0252510238
8/24/2009 29.11 0.0528028933 1028.93 0.0123278237
8/17/2009 28.78 -0.0113363105 1026.13 -0.0027212736
8/10/2009 28.1 -0.0236275191 1004.09 -0.02147876
8/3/2009 28.42 0.0113879004 1010.48 0.0063639714
7/27/2009 24.19 -0.1488388459 987.48 -0.0227614599
7/20/2009 23.73 -0.0190161224 979.26 -0.0083242192
7/13/2009 21.87 -0.0783817952 940.38 -0.0397034495
7/6/2009 19.25 -0.1197988112 879.13 -0.065133244
6/29/2009 17.97 -0.0664935065 896.42 0.019667171
6/22/2009 19.2 0.0684474124 918.9 0.0250775306
6/15/2009 19.27 0.0036458333 921.23 0.0025356404
6/8/2009 20.44 0.0607161391 946.21 0.0271159211
6/1/2009 21.16 0.0352250489 940.09 -0.0064679088
5/26/2009 18.87 -0.1082230624 919.14 -0.0222851004
5/18/2009 18.9 0.0015898251 887 -0.0349674696
5/11/2009 19.61 0.0375661376 882.88 -0.0046448703
5/4/2009 22.17 0.13054564 929.23 0.0524986408
4/27/2009 20.93 -0.0559314389 877.52 -0.0556482249
4/20/2009 19.74 -0.0568561873 866.23 -0.0128658036
4/13/2009 18.48 -0.0638297872 869.6 0.0038904217
4/6/2009 18.36 -0.0064935065 856.56 -0.0149954002
3/30/2009 18.64 0.0152505447 842.5 -0.0164144952
3/23/2009 17.97 -0.035944206 815.94 -0.0315252226
3/16/2009 15.37 -0.1446855871 768.54 -0.0580925068
3/9/2009 14.38 -0.0644111906 756.55 -0.0156010097
3/2/2009 12.08 -0.1599443672 683.38 -0.0967153526
2/23/2009 12.15 0.005794702 735.09 0.0756680032
2/17/2009 12.84 0.0567901235 770.05 0.0475588023
2/9/2009 9.97 -0.2235202492 826.84 0.0737484579
2/2/2009 10.88 0.0912738215 868.6 0.0505055392
1/26/2009 10.25 -0.0579044118 825.88 -0.0491825927
1/20/2009 11.37 0.1092682927 831.95 0.007349736
1/12/2009 12.16 0.0694810906 850.12 0.0218402548
1/5/2009 12.57 0.0337171053 890.35 0.0473227309
12/29/2008 9.89 -0.2132060461 931.8 0.0465547257
12/22/2008 8.89 -0.1011122346 872.8 -0.0633183086
12/15/2008 9.96 0.120359955 887.88 0.0172777269
12/8/2008 10.35 0.0391566265 879.73 -0.0091791684
12/1/2008 10.6 0.0241545894 876.07 -0.0041603674
11/24/2008 10.58 -0.0018867925 896.24 0.0230232744
11/17/2008 8.19 -0.2258979206 800.03 -0.1073484781
11/10/2008 9.38 0.1452991453 873.29 0.0915715661
11/3/2008 10.05 0.0714285714 930.99 0.0660719807
10/27/2008 10.72 0.0666666667 968.75 0.0405589749
10/20/2008 10.74 0.0018656716 876.77 -0.0949470968
10/13/2008 13.98 0.3016759777 940.55 0.0727442773
10/6/2008 14.83 0.0608011445 899.22 -0.0439423741
9/29/2008 18 0.2137559002 1099.23 0.2224261026
9/22/2008 20.64 0.1466666667 1213.27 0.103745349
9/15/2008 20.79 0.0072674419 1255.08 0.03446059
9/8/2008 18.43 -0.1135161135 1251.7 -0.0026930554
9/2/2008 18.12 -0.0168204015 1242.31 -0.0075017976
8/25/2008 18.31 0.0104856512 1282.83 0.0326166577
8/18/2008 18.44 0.0070999454 1292.2 0.0073041635
8/11/2008 19.69 0.0677874187 1298.2 0.0046432441
8/4/2008 18.65 -0.0528186897 1296.32 -0.001448159
7/28/2008 21.42 0.1485254692 1260.31 -0.0277786349
7/21/2008 22.52 0.0513538749 1257.76 -0.0020233117
7/14/2008 21.38 -0.0506216696 1260.68 0.0023215876
7/7/2008 21.04 -0.0159027128 1239.49 -0.0168083891
6/30/2008 22.51 0.0698669202 1262.9 0.0188868002
6/23/2008 24.44 0.0857396713 1278.38 0.0122575026
6/16/2008 26.09 0.067512275 1317.93 0.0309375929
6/9/2008 26.93 0.0321962438 1360.03 0.0319440334
6/2/2008 28.25 0.0490159673 1360.68 0.0004779306
5/27/2008 28.75 0.017699115 1400.38 0.0291765882
5/19/2008 27.38 -0.0476521739 1375.93 -0.0174595467
5/12/2008 28.81 0.0522279036 1425.35 0.0359175249
5/5/2008 32.5 0.1280805276 1388.28 -0.0260076472
4/28/2008 34.68 0.0670769231 1413.9 0.0184544904
4/21/2008 30.92 -0.1084198385 1397.84 -0.0113586534
4/14/2008 32.67 0.0565976714 1390.33 -0.0053725748
4/7/2008 31.76 -0.0278543006 1332.83 -0.0413570879
3/31/2008 33.4 0.0516372796 1370.4 0.028188141
3/24/2008 32.01 -0.0416167665 1315.22 -0.0402656159
3/17/2008 32.18 0.0053108404 1329.51 0.0108651024
3/10/2008 30.72 -0.0453697949 1288.14 -0.0311167272
3/3/2008 33.58 0.0930989583 1293.37 0.0040601177
2/25/2008 34.64 0.0315664086 1330.63 0.0288084616
2/19/2008 36.23 0.0459006928 1353.11 0.0168942531
2/11/2008 38.55 0.0640353298 1349.99 -0.0023057992
2/4/2008 38.81 0.0067444877 1331.29 -0.0138519545
1/28/2008 40.17 0.0350425148 1395.42 0.0481713226
1/22/2008 37.01 -0.0786656709 1330.61 -0.046444798
1/14/2008 34.57 -0.0659281275 1325.19 -0.0040733198
1/7/2008 36.96 0.0691350882 1401.02 0.0572219833
12/31/2007 37.16 0.0054112554 1411.63 0.0075730539
12/24/2007 40.77 0.0971474704 1478.49 0.047363686
12/17/2007 41.73 0.0235467255 1484.46 0.0040379035
12/10/2007 39.77 -0.0469686077 1467.95 -0.0111218894
12/3/2007 42.19 0.0608498868 1504.66 0.0250076637
11/26/2007 42.15 -0.000948092 1481.14 -0.0156314383
11/19/2007 39.94 -0.0524317912 1440.7 -0.0273032934
11/12/2007 44.4 0.1116675013 1458.74 0.0125216908
11/9/2007 42.51 -0.0425675676 1453.7 -0.0034550365
Beta WFMI
0.4
0.3
x) = 1.0865712892x
0.2 + 3.57903311016549E-05
= 0.3035957835 Beta WFMI
0.1 Linear (Beta WFMI)
0
-0.05 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
Explained Variation
Yhat estimated (Y-Yhat) Residuals Total Variation (Y- Regression (Yhat -
Date WFMI Return (Actual - Predicted) Ybar) Ybar)
11/22/2010 1
11/15/2010 1 0.0094727177 -0.0371264084 -0.0298160759 0.0073103326
11/8/2010 1 -0.0004351632 0.0255937718 0.0229962235 -0.0025975483
11/1/2010 1 0.0241735637 -0.0534095858 -0.0313984073 0.0220111785
10/25/2010 1 -0.0377152161 -0.0884663623 -0.1283439635 -0.0398776012
10/18/2010 1 -0.0001295012 0.0036515138 0.0013596274 -0.0022918863
10/11/2010 1 -0.006292164 -0.03356745 -0.0420219991 -0.0084545491
10/4/2010 1 -0.0101630271 -0.0872260069 -0.0995514191 -0.0123254122
9/27/2010 1 -0.0175989031 0.089915941 0.0701546527 -0.0197612883
9/20/2010 1 0.0023392942 -0.0023392942 -0.0021623852 0.000176909
9/13/2010 1 -0.0217964725 0.0223359923 -0.0016228653 -0.0239588577
9/7/2010 1 -0.0154481812 -0.0282293599 -0.0458399263 -0.0176105663
8/30/2010 1 -0.0048998316 0.03844931 0.0313870933 -0.0070622167
8/23/2010 1 -0.0392358558 0.0130492764 -0.0283489645 -0.0413982409
8/16/2010 1 0.0072823887 0.0212890399 0.0264090434 0.0051200035
8/9/2010 1 0.0077007671 -0.0158707017 -0.0103323198 0.0055383819
8/2/2010 1 0.0427133506 -0.0410659042 -0.0005149387 0.0405509655
7/26/2010 1 -0.0193776477 0.0602219459 0.0386819131 -0.0215400329
7/19/2010 1 0.0010813292 0.0199879361 0.0189068801 -0.001081056
7/12/2010 1 -0.0371929686 -0.0030443283 -0.042399682 -0.0393553537
7/6/2010 1 0.013382226 -0.0281631989 -0.016943358 0.0112198409
6/28/2010 1 -0.0557866131 0.0110512067 -0.0468977916 -0.0579489982
6/21/2010 1 0.0576062811 0.0471909776 0.1026348736 0.0554438959
6/14/2010 1 0.0411570987 0.0020065094 0.041001223 0.0389947136
6/7/2010 1 -0.025156881 0.0008754142 -0.026443852 -0.0273192661
6/1/2010 1 -0.0265611177 0.0070080451 -0.0217154578 -0.0287235029
5/24/2010 1 0.0250654591 0.022072588 0.044975662 0.022903074
5/17/2010 1 -0.0016797278 -0.0277538611 -0.0315959741 -0.003842113
5/10/2010 1 0.0479764317 -0.007456554 0.0383574925 0.0458140465
5/3/2010 1 -0.023691816 -0.0779491343 -0.1038033354 -0.0258542012
4/26/2010 1 0.0741868862 -0.0103919026 0.0616325985 0.0720245011
4/19/2010 1 0.0280449719 0.0021959302 0.0280785169 0.0258825868
4/12/2010 1 -0.0224136608 -0.004700767 -0.029276813 -0.024576046
4/5/2010 1 0.0020774466 -0.0100038081 -0.0100887467 -8.4938552148E-05
3/29/2010 1 -0.0147657493 -0.0339455909 -0.0508737254 -0.0169281344
3/22/2010 1 -0.010579977 -0.0300594161 -0.0428017783 -0.0127423622
3/15/2010 1 -0.0061953294 0.0180563856 0.009698671 -0.0083577145
3/8/2010 1 -0.0092477009 0.0223652002 0.0109551142 -0.011410086
3/1/2010 1 -0.010631598 0.0053974382 -0.0073965449 -0.0127939831
2/22/2010 1 -0.0326081052 0.0154383461 -0.0193321442 -0.0347704903
2/16/2010 1 0.0046398643 -0.0562036851 -0.0537262059 0.0024774791
2/8/2010 1 -0.0329384062 -0.0832232099 -0.1183240013 -0.0351007914
2/1/2010 1 -0.009380063 -0.0702838025 -0.0818262507 -0.0115424482
1/25/2010 1 0.0078626012 -0.0137062827 -0.0080060667 0.0057002161
1/19/2010 1 0.0181373858 0.0270499764 0.0430249771 0.0159750007
1/11/2010 1 0.0440953922 -0.0616700847 -0.0197370776 0.0419330071
1/4/2010 1 0.0085961391 -0.0082383574 -0.0018046034 0.006433754
12/28/2009 1 -0.0283199452 0.0100796019 -0.0204027285 -0.0304823304
12/21/2009 1 0.0111246445 0.0238480331 0.0328102924 0.0089622593
12/14/2009 1 -0.0231235881 -0.0268588124 -0.0521447857 -0.0252859733
12/7/2009 1 0.0039189716 -0.0157752147 -0.0140186282 0.0017565865
11/30/2009 1 -0.0003864995 -0.0172362977 -0.0197851823 -0.0025488846
11/23/2009 1 -0.0141999264 0.0027495447 -0.0136127668 -0.0163623115
11/16/2009 1 -0.000073714 0.0178343317 0.0155982326 -0.0022360991
11/9/2009 1 0.0021265376 0.0407414442 0.0407055966 -3.5847595196E-05
11/2/2009 1 -0.0239914381 0.051637855 0.0254840317 -0.0261538233
10/26/2009 1 -0.033609001 0.1684762576 0.1327048715 -0.0357713862
10/19/2009 1 0.0455564571 -0.0050074864 0.0383865855 0.0433940719
10/12/2009 1 0.0081679652 0.0032229221 0.0092285021 0.0060055801
10/5/2009 1 -0.0161377066 -0.0452138049 -0.0635138967 -0.0183000918
9/28/2009 1 -0.0468956036 -0.0307804305 -0.0798384193 -0.0490579887
9/21/2009 1 0.020353161 -0.0354164955 -0.0172257196 0.0181907759
9/14/2009 1 0.0249221202 -0.0308310532 -0.0080713181 0.0227597351
9/8/2009 1 -0.0259715371 0.0200274811 -0.0081064411 -0.0281339222
8/31/2009 1 -0.0274012471 -3.4560143109E-05 -0.0295981924 -0.0295636323
8/24/2009 1 0.0134308496 0.0393720437 0.0506405082 0.0112684645
8/17/2009 1 -0.0029210674 -0.0084152432 -0.0134986957 -0.0050834525
8/10/2009 1 -0.0233024136 -0.0003251055 -0.0257899043 -0.0254647988
8/3/2009 1 0.0069506989 0.0044372015 0.0092255152 0.0047883137
7/27/2009 1 -0.0246961585 -0.1241426874 -0.151001231 -0.0268585436
7/20/2009 1 -0.0090090673 -0.0100070551 -0.0211785075 -0.0111714524
7/13/2009 1 -0.043104838 -0.0352769572 -0.0805441803 -0.0452672232
7/6/2009 1 -0.0707361226 -0.0490626886 -0.1219611963 -0.0728985077
6/29/2009 1 0.0214055736 -0.0878990801 -0.0686558916 0.0192431885
6/22/2009 1 0.0272843151 0.0411630972 0.0662850272 0.02512193
6/15/2009 1 0.0027909444 0.0008548889 0.0014834482 0.0006285593
6/8/2009 1 0.0294991717 0.0312169674 0.0585537539 0.0273367865
6/1/2009 1 -0.0069920537 0.0422171026 0.0330626638 -0.0091544388
5/26/2009 1 -0.0241785599 -0.0840445025 -0.1103854475 -0.0263409451
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