POLITICAL HISTORY of the

PHILIPPINES
GAUDENCIO “YARI” N. ANDAYA JR. BSN, MPA

DPA 102 Philippine Administrative System

2nd Semester 2011-2012
Professor : Jo B. Bitonio, DPA
Lyceum Northwestern University
Dagupan City
Prehistoric Philippines
 Datus, Rajahs and Sultans
 Spanish colony
 Crown Colony
Philippine Revolution
La Liga Filipina
 Jose Rizal
 Marcelo H. del Pilar
 Graciano López Jaena
 Mariano Ponce
 La Solidaridad
Katipunan
Andres Bonifacio
Gregorio del Pilar
Melchora Aquino
Spanish-American War

First Philippine Republic

Emilio Aguinaldo
Apolinario Mabini
Pedro Paterno
Mariano Trias
 Philippine-American War
American territory
US Military Governor: Arthur
MacArthur, Jr.
Commonwealth of the Philippines
 Quezon, Manuel L.
 Republic of the Philippines

Third Republic of the Philippines

 Manuel Roxas
 Elpidio Quirino
 Ramon Magsaysay
 Carlos P. Garcia
 Diosdado Macapagal
Martial Law Era
Ferdinand Marcos
Benigno Aquino, Jr.
EDSA Revolution
Fifth Republic of the Philippines
 Corazon Aquino
 Fidel Ramos
 Joseph Estrada
EDSA II
 Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo
 Benigno Aquino III
 Philippine System of
Government and Politics
From the time when the Philippines declared itself a sovereign state
in 1898, the nation has had four major constitutions:

(1) the 1899constitution, which established the first republic in

Asia;

(2) the 1935constitution, which served as the basic law during the
period of self-government while the Philippines was still under
American rule and after it became independent in 1946;

(3) the 1973 constitution, which allowed Ferdinand Marcos to

continue to hold office as president; and

(4) the 1987 constitution, upon which the present government is

based, which essentially restored institutions and processes
dismantled by Marcos during his regime
 The Executive Branch 
 As chief executive, the president has the power to execute
laws.
 The president is assisted by a cabinet, which currently
comprises twenty-three departments.
 Among the more important departments are Foreign Affairs,
National Defense, Finance, Interior and Local Government,
Justice, and Trade and Industry.
 Both president and vice president are elected at large for a
six-year term with no possibility of reelection.

The executive branch consists of the President and his Cabinet. The Senate and
the House of Representatives make up the bicameral legislature. The Supreme
Court heads the systems of courts under the judicial branch.
 The Legislative Branch 
 The Philippine Congress is a bicameral body, the upper house being
the Senate and the lower house being the House of Representatives.

 These two houses possess equal power, although budgetary bills

must originate in the lower house, while treaty ratification rests
exclusively with the upper house.

 Congress consists of a 24-member Senate and a 250-member House of Representatives.

The voters of the entire nation elect senators to six-year terms.
 Voters from different districts elect 200 of the representatives to three-year terms. The
remaining 50 representatives are selected from lists drawn up by the political parties to
ensure representation of women, ethnic minorities, and certain economic and
occupational groups.
 The number selected from each party's list is about one-fourth of the number of the
party's elected representatives. All Philippine citizens who are at least 18 years old may
vote.
The Judiciary 
Judicial power is vested in the Supreme Court and in the
lower courts.

Members of the judiciary are chosen by the president from a

list of nominees provided by the Judicial and Bar Council, a
constitutional body composed of representatives from the
executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government,
the legal profession, and the private sector.

Once appointed, judges have secure tenure and can serve

until the age of seventy or until they become incapacitated.
Constitutional Commissions 
The constitution also provides for independent constitutional
commissions, namely, the Civil Service Commission, the
Commission on Elections, and the Commission on Audit.
Local Governments 
The lowest political unit in the Philippines is
the barangay (village).

The barangay is administered by a council headed by a punong

barangay (chairperson).

Several barangays make up a city or municipality.

Administrative subdivisions
The Philippines is divided into a hierarchy of local
government units (LGUs) with the province as the
primary unit. As of 2007, there are 81 provinces in the
country.

International organization participation

The Philippines is a founding and active member of
the UN since its inception on October 24, 1945 and is a
founding member of the  ASEAN.
Islam Influence on the Political
System

Islam has a great influence on the political system of the natives in

the Southern Philippines. The sultan of the Muslim community is
still the sultan of Muslim provinces.
The Philippine Administrative
System
The administrative system of the Republic of the Philippines
is comprised of a central government and its territorial and
political subdivisions, which enjoy local autonomy: the
provinces, cities, municipalities and barangays
Politics of the Philippines
Thank You