CHAPTER VI

PROJECT MANAGEMENT

This chapter contains the construction strategies, project scheduling of

constructing the whole plant area and all equipment in each process as well as the

quality assurance and control in the plant area.

I. PRELIMENARIES

Four numbers of stages will be set for the smooth construction flow of the

plant. These stages are the conceptualization, feasibility study, design basis and

design.

A. Planning Stage

This stage of the project is to plan or conceptualize the needs and

requirements of building a oxobiodegradable polyethylene plant; it should be

presented before preceding the project. This stage serves as the information or

data needed to build the plant.

B. Feasibility Study Stage

The application of the project’s operating parameter and limitations will be

prepared. It is also identifying the process and preliminary cost estimation which

has a basis of a real cost of the project. At this stage, the analysis of the project is

to determine if the plant has the ability to complete a project successfully, taking

into account legal, economic, technological, scheduling and other factors.

 C. Source of Design Stage

In the construction of the proposed plant, different activities will be

scheduled on its optimum condition. A commercial development plant will be

constructed to ensure the accordance of the part and productivities of the

equipment that will be used and the plant that will be constructed. The plant would

be located where the minimum cost of the production and distribution is obtained.

With this, the plant will set its building on Makati, Manila. The properties will be

purchased upon getting hold of the capital funds from bank loan and investors.

D. Design Layout Stage

The initial stage to make a design layout of the project is the detailed

construction plan. Capital cost estimation for the proposed plant will be made and

feasible returns on the required investments will be determined. Some of the

criteria that must be considered are the specification of the product, annual

operating factor, material and energy balance of the plant, equipment summary

specification, etc. In the basic design of the project, some of the factors which must

be taken into account are manufacturing process, temperature and pressure

ranges, raw materials, materials of construction and utilities requirements.

 II. CONSTRUCTION

The construction of the plant is considered consisting complete design,

having civil works, mechanical works, electrical works, automotive control the

procurement of buildings and making a site development.

A. Complete Design Stage

A complete plant layout will be prepared and blueprints and instructions for

construction is the primary consideration in this stage. Detailed drawings will be

made for the fabrication of special equipment and specifications will be prepared

for purchasing standard type of materials and equipment. The company will select

efficient machineries and equipment for the production.

B. Procurement and Construction Stage

Availability, quality, quantity and cost are the main factors to be considered.

Ensure that each of equipment will operate at its best condition during the

production. Raw materials will be bought and properly stored while the machineries

and equipment are being installed. Two years will be allocated to completely

construct the plant.

C. Commissioning and Dry-run Stage

The process will be verified ensuring that all the subsystems including

pipes, electrical, fire/life safety, building, ventilation, interior systems, utilities,

lights, wastewater, controls, and building security achieve the project

requirements. In this stage, the safety of running the plant processes and
operations must be practiced. During the trial run, the plant will be tested to its

efficiency and capacity to produce the products. Changes and adjustments

regarding the processes or the product quality will be done to avoid any

unexpected accidents before and during the official start of the plant operation.

Furthermore, personnel hiring and training will be conducted in this phase.

D. Operation Stage

The plant will start its normal operation after the, planning, compliance to all

the government and company requirements and specification, and ensuring the

safety of its processes and quality of its product. This stage contains the production

life of the plant which is estimated to be in _________(year of Production)

III. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CONTROL

In order to operate the plant safely and maintain specific conditions such as

temperature and pressure, the plant must be properly controlled. The control of the

process was broken down into three stages; sulfur oxide, nitrogen monoxide

oxidation, and absorption. The diagrams for these three control schemes can be

found in the appendix. The flow rates are controlled by a three-way valve and flow-

indicator-controllers.

RISK MANAGEMENT

Managing what might cause harm to people and decide whether you are

taking reasonable steps to prevent that harm. These are the ways to assess
the risk on the waste of Oxobiodegradable Polyethylene manufacturing

plant:

 Identify the hazards

The hazards zones should be indicated at every part of the plant.

Put signage in every part of the plant. Wearing proper Personal Protective

Equipment is a golden rule in the plant. The hazards should be identified

for the awareness of the workers or personnel.

 Who might be harmed?

Every workers or personnel should be having safety orientation

every week. New workers should be informed or oriented of the hazard

zones and to the rules and regulation of the plant.

 Evaluate the risks

The risk should be evaluated regularly if it is affecting the plant

process, safety of the workers, and the environmental impact. Involving

the workers on evaluating the risk found in the plant and thinking for the

solution in which the risk will be minimal.

 Record your significant findings

Recording the findings of the risk and hazards that can affect the plant

production and the safety of the plant

PROJECT SCHEDULING

GANTT CHART

Project Schedule

YEAR

2018 2019 2020

Activ J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D
ities
A E A P A U U U E C O E A E A P A U U U E C O E A E A P A U U U E C O E

N B R R Y N L G P T V C N B R R Y N L G P T V C N B R R Y N L G P T V C

Plan
ning

Feas
ibility
Stud
y

Stag
e

Basi
s of
Desi
gn
Pha
se

Desi
gn
Layo
ut
Stag
e

Com
plete
Desi
gn
Stag
e