Week 1

Basics of oscillations

Lecture 1.1 What is an oscillation?

Lecture 1.2 Modelling depth

Lecture 1.3 Equation of motion

longitudinal oscillator torsional oscillator
x 𝜙

pendulum possible combination

Basic concepts of vibratory, mechanical systems

 x x

undamped or damped

x x
F(t)
free or forced oscillation

x x x

tied or untied

System Properties
System Model x Free Body Diagram in x-direction
x
c
m Fc = c ∙ x
m

c
Newton: mxሷ = −c ∙ x <=> xሷ + x=0
m
c
Eigenfrequency: ω0 =
m
Conversion: xሷ + ω20 x = 0

Let‘s do some basic mechanics

 System Model x

c
m

Equation of motion: xሷ + ω20 x = 0 Solution: x t = xො ∙ cos (ω0 t − φ)

Basic parameters
x t displacement at time t
xො amplitude
T time period
φ phase angle

Our starting point is an undamped single-mass-oscillator

 System Model x

c
m

ሷ 20 x=0
Equation of motion: x+ω Solution: x t = xො ∙ cos (ω0 t − φ)

Basic parameters already taken from the diagram: xො, T, φ

1
f0 = eigenfrequency
T
ω0 = 2π ∙ f0 angular eigenfrequency

Our starting point is an undamped single-mass-oscillator

• Dynamical systems are oscillating

• Important parameters: mass, stiffness → eigenfrequency

• Systems are damped or undamped

• Free oscillations or oscillations with excitation

• Dynamical systems are described by the equation of motion

(linear ODE of 2nd order)

• Solution gives a deep insight of the system

Summary
[1] https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Porsche_911_Carrera_S_(7522427256).jpg#/media/File:Porsche_911_Carrera_S_(7522427256).jpg

[2] https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%BCttelplatte#/media/File:Dpu_6055_web.jpg

[3] https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gel%C3%A4ndewagen#/media/File:FJ_Cruiser_2007.jpg

Sources