SURIGAO STATE COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

Surigao City
GRADUATE SCHOOL

A Compilation of Reviews and Reactions

On the Speacial Topics Concerning

PHONOLOGY

Presented to:

Alicia Z. Maghuyop, Ph. D.

Professor

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for the Course

PHONOLOGY OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE

By:

RANDY PIA LAMANILAO

MAEd-English

2nd Semester, A.Y. 2015-2016

TABLE OF CONTENT:

TOPIC 1:
The QUEST in Looking for the Lost Vowels
Reaction

TOPIC 2:
The King’s Speech
Summary
Synopsis
Reaction

TOPIC 3:
SELF-DIAGNOSES AND SUGGESTIONS FOR REMEDIATION ON THE SPEECH
IMPEDIMENT OF ENRIQUE GIL’S CHARACTER IN THE T.V. SERIES DOLCE
AMORE
Topic Review
Reaction
TOPIC 1:
The QUEST in Looking for the Lost Vowels
Reaction:

The author had extended his thoughts in a very critical way! I know it would be difficult for
me to explain all those matters if I were the author.

Truly, a lot of aspects in the original face of linguistics and grammar had been deteriorating in
the recent years. I believe this is because of many aspects affecting the young generation to
be influenced by the advent of the modern trends of technology.

I often encountered this kind of problem in the SMS or Short Messaging System which the
young generation is commonly involved. Instead of writing the exact word, I often use
consonants which may sound the same when read. Aside from that, it saves the characters in
the text. But that case would only be for my peers not for the professional people whom I’ll
be texting with. In the Philippines, we call it JEJEMON.

Language is just so dynamic. It changes every now and then. We, users of the language tend
to forget that. The love to communicate is a quest. It challenges us to be resilient in whatever
is needed in this fast-changing world. Though it doesn’t mean that we need to conform to the
wrong things the new generation is currently embracing, but we have to be the people whom
the new generation will look after.
Topic 2:
THE KING’S SPEECH

REVIEW
"The King's Speech" tells the story of a man compelled to speak to the world with a
stammer. It must be painful enough for one who stammers to speak to another person. To face
a radio microphone and know the British Empire is listening must be terrifying. At the time
of the speech mentioned in this title, a quarter of the Earth's population was in the Empire,
and of course much of North America, Europe, Africa and Asia would be listening — and
with particular attention, Germany.

The king was George VI. The year was 1939. Britain was entering into war with
Germany. His listeners required firmness, clarity and resolve, not stammers punctuated with
tortured silences. This was a man who never wanted to be king. After the death of his father,
the throne was to pass to his brother Edward. But Edward renounced the throne "in order to
marry the woman I love," and the duty fell to Prince Albert, who had struggled with his
speech from an early age.

In "The King's Speech," director Tom Hooper opens on Albert (Colin Firth),
attempting to open the British Empire Exhibition in 1925. Before a crowded arena and a radio
audience, he seizes up in agony in efforts to make the words come out right. His father,
George V (Michael Gambon), has always considered "Bertie" superior to Edward (Guy
Pearce), but mourns the introduction of radio and newsreels, which require a monarch to be
seen and heard on public occasions.

At that 1925 speech, we see Bertie's wife, Elizabeth (Helena Bonham Carter), her face
filled with sympathy. As it becomes clear that Edward's obsession with Wallis Simpson (Eve
Best) is incurable, she realizes her Bertie may face more public humiliation. He sees various
speech therapists, one of whom tries the old marbles-in-the-mouth routine first recommended
by Demosthenes. Nothing works, and then she seeks out a failed Australian actor named
Lionel Logue (Geoffrey Rush), who has set up a speech therapy practice.
Logue doesn't realize at first who is consulting him. And one of the subjects of the film is
Logue's attitude toward royalty, which I suspect is not untypical of Australians; he suggests to
Albert that they get on a first-name basis. Albert has been raised within the bell jar of the
monarchy and objects to such treatment, not because he has an elevated opinion of himself
but because, well, it just isn't done. But Logue realizes that if he is to become the king's
therapist, he must first become his friend.

If the British monarchy is good for nothing else, it's superb at producing the subjects
of films. "The King's Speech," rich in period detail and meticulous class distinctions, largely
sidesteps the story that loomed over this whole period, Edward's startling decision to give up
the crown to marry a woman who was already divorced three times. Indeed, the Duke and
Duchess of Windsor (as they became) would occupy an inexplicable volume of attention for
years, considering they had no significance after the Duke's abdication. The unsavory thing is
that Wallis Simpson considered herself worthy of such a sacrifice from the man she allegedly
loved. This film finds a more interesting story about better people; Americans, who aren't
always expert on British royalty, may not necessarily realize that Albert and wife Elizabeth
were the parents of Queen Elizabeth II. God knows what Edward might have fathered.

Director Tom Hooper makes an interesting decision with his sets and visuals. The
movie is largely shot in interiors, and most of those spaces are long and narrow. That's
unusual in historical dramas, which emphasize sweep and majesty and so on. Here we have
long corridors, a deep and narrow master control room for the BBC, rooms that seem
peculiarly oblong. I suspect he may be evoking the narrow, constricting walls of Albert's
throat as he struggles to get words out.
The film largely involves the actors Colin Firth, formal and decent, and Geoffrey
Rush, large and expansive, in psychological struggle. Helena Bonham Carter, who can be
merciless (as in the "Harry Potter" films), is here filled with mercy, tact and love for her
husband; this is the woman who became the much-loved Queen Mother of our lifetimes,
dying in 2002 at 101. As the men have a struggle of wills, she tries to smooth things (and
raise her girls Elizabeth and Margaret). And in the wider sphere, Hitler takes power, war
comes closer, Mrs. Simpson wreaks havoc, and the dreaded day approaches when Bertie, as
George VI, will have to speak to the world and declare war.

Hooper's handling of that fraught scene is masterful. Firth internalizes his tension and
keeps the required stiff upper lip, but his staff and household are terrified on his behalf as he
marches toward a microphone as if it is a guillotine. It is the one scene in the film that must
work, and it does, and its emotional impact is surprisingly strong. At the end, what we have
here is a superior historical drama and a powerful personal one. And two opposites who
remain friends for the rest of their lives.

Note: The R rating refers to Logue's use of vulgarity. It is utterly inexplicable. This is
an excellent film for teenagers.

Synopsis

The film opens with Prince Albert, Duke of York (later King George VI), known to his wife
and family as "Bertie" (Colin Firth), the second son of King George V, speaking at the close
of the 1925 British Empire Exhibition at Wembley Stadium, with his wife Elizabeth (Helena
Bonham Carter) by his side. His stammering speech visibly unsettles the thousands of
listeners in the audience. The prince tries several unsuccessful treatments and gives up, until
the Duchess persuades him to see Lionel Logue (Geoffrey Rush), an Australian speech
therapist.

In their first session, Logue requests that they address each other by their Christian names, a
breach of royal etiquette: Logue tells the prince that he will be calling him Bertie from now
on. At first, Bertie is reluctant to receive treatment, but Logue bets Bertie a shilling that he
can read perfectly at that very moment, and gives him Hamlet's "To be, or not to be"
soliloquy to read aloud, with music blaring so that he can't hear himself. Logue records
Bertie's reading on a gramophone record, but convinced that he has stammered throughout,
Bertie leaves in a huff, declaring his condition "hopeless." Logue gives him the recording as a
keepsake.

Later that year, after Bertie's father, King George V (Michael Gambon), makes his 1934
Christmas address, he explains to his son the importance of broadcasting for the modern
monarchy in a perilous international situation. He declares that Bertie's older brother, David,
Prince of Wales, will bring ruin to the family and the country when he ascends the throne, and
demands that Bertie train himself to fill in, beginning by reading his father's speech into a
microphone for practice. After an agonizing attempt to do so made worse by his father's
coaching, Bertie plays Logue's recording and hears himself reciting Shakespeare fluently,
amazing both himself and the Duchess.

Bertie returns to Logue's treatment, where they work together on muscle relaxation and
breath control, as Logue gently probes the psychological roots of the stammer, much to the
embarrassment of the standoffish Bertie. Nevertheless, Bertie reveals some of the pressures
of his childhood, among them his strict father; the repression of his natural left-handedness; a
painful treatment with metal splints for his knock-knees; a nanny who favoured his elder
brother, going so far as deliberately pinching Bertie at the daily presentations to their parents
so that he would cry and his parents would not want to see him; unbelievably, not feeding
him adequately ("It took my parents three years to notice," says Bertie); and the death in 1919
of his little brother, Prince John. As the treatment progresses, Lionel and Bertie become
friends and confidants.

On 20 January 1936, King George V dies, and David, Prince of Wales (Guy Pearce) ascends
the throne as King Edward VIII. However, David wants to marry Wallis Simpson (Eve Best),
an American divorcée and socialite, which would provoke a constitutional crisis--the
sovereign, as head of the Church of England, may not marry a divorced person.

At a party in Balmoral Castle, Bertie points out that David cannot marry Wallis. David
accuses his brother of a medieval-style plot to usurp his throne, citing Bertie's speech lessons
as an attempt to groom himself. Bertie is tongue-tied at the accusation, whereupon David
resurrects his childhood taunt of "B-B-B-Bertie."

At his next treatment session, Bertie has not forgotten the incident. After he briefs Logue on
the extent of David's folly with Wallis Simpson, Logue insists that Bertie could be king.
Outraged, Bertie accuses Logue of treason and mocks Logue's failed acting career and
humble origins, causing a rift in their friendship.

When King Edward VIII does in fact abdicate to marry, Bertie becomes King George VI.
Feeling overwhelmed by his accession, the new king realises that he needs Logue's help, and
he and the queen visit the Logues' residence to apologise. Lionel's wife is stunned to meet the
royals in their modest home. When the king insists that Logue be seated in the king's box
during his May 1937 coronation in Westminster Abbey, Archbishop of Canterbury Dr. Cosmo
Lang (Derek Jacobi) questions Logue's qualifications. This prompts another confrontation
between the king and Logue, who explains that he never claimed to be a doctor and had only
begun practicing speech therapy by informal treatment of shell-shocked soldiers in the last
war. When the king still isn't convinced of his own strengths, Logue sits in St. Edward's Chair
dismissing the Stone of Scone as a trifle, whereupon the king remonstrates with Logue for his
disrespect. The king then realises that he is as capable as those before him.

In September 1939, shortly after the United Kingdom's declaration of war with Germany,
George VI summons Logue to Buckingham Palace to prepare for his radio address to the
country. As the king and Logue move through the palace to a tiny studio, Winston Churchill
(Timothy Spall) reveals to the king that he, too, had once had a speech impediment but found
a way to use it to his advantage. The king delivers his speech as if to Logue alone, who
coaches him through every moment. Afterwards, the king steps onto the balcony of the palace
with his family, where thousands cheer and applaud him.

A final title card explains that during the many speeches King George VI gave during World
War II (1939-1945), Logue was always present. Logue and the king remained friends, and
"King George VI made Lionel Logue a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order in 1944.
This high honour from a grateful King made Lionel part of the only order of chivalry that
specifically rewards acts of personal service to the Monarch."

REACTION

The story tells about an influential person who in his speech stammers.

I know it was very challenging for a stammering king to give a speech to a certain
gathering where “one-fourth of the people” in the world is listening. He was a KING. He was
truly influential. He could have tell a constituent to read his speech. He could have somebody
to represent him in the stage. BUT never did he do the thing. Instead, he in might, gave what
his people had expected.

I could still recall the moments when I was in my Elementary and High School days. I
am unable to enunciate properly the words that contain the letter “s”. Therefore, I also
experienced being laughed at because of my speech. I have been in the center of bullying
when I speak during reporting and oral communication. But I strived to carry it all. I
practiced myself through frequent speaking and be involved in several speech activities.
Topic 3:

SELF-DIAGNOSES AND SUGGESTED REMEDITION ON THE SPEECH

IMPEDIMENT OF ENRIQUE GIL’S CHARACTER IN THE T.V. SERIES DOLCE
AMORE

Review
Speech disorder
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Speech disorders or speech impediments are a type of communication disorder where

'normal' speech is disrupted. This can mean stuttering, lisps, etc. Someone who is unable to
speak due to a speech disorder is considered mute.[1]

Classification
Classifying speech into normal and disordered is more problematic than it first seems. By a
strict classification[citation needed], only 5% to 10% of the population has a completely normal
manner of speaking (with respect to all parameters) and healthy voice; all others suffer from
one disorder or another.
There are three different levels of classification when determining the magnitude and type of
a speech disorder and the proper treatment or therapy:[2]

1. Sounds the patient can produce

1. Phonemic- can be produced easily; used meaningfully and constructively

2. Phonetic- produced only upon request; not used consistently, meaningfully, or

constructively; not used in connected speech

2. Stimulate sounds

1. Easily stimulated

2. Stimulate after demonstration and probing (i.e. with a tongue depressor)

3. Cannot produce the sound

1. Cannot be produced voluntarily

2. No production ever observed

Types of disorder

 Apraxia of speech may result from stroke or progressive illness, and involves
inconsistent production of speech sounds and rearranging of sounds in a word ("potato"
 may become "topato" and next "totapo"). Production of words becomes more difficult
with effort, but common phrases may sometimes be spoken spontaneously without effort.

 Cluttering, a speech and fluency disorder characterized primarily by a rapid rate of

speech, which makes speech difficult to understand.

 Developmental verbal dyspraxia also known as childhood apraxia of speech.

 Dysarthria is a weakness or paralysis of speech muscles caused by damage to the

nerves and/or brain. Dysarthria is often caused by strokes, parkinsons disease, ALS, head
or neck injuries, surgical accident, or cerebral palsy.

 Dysprosody is the rarest neurological speech disorder. It is characterized by

alterations in intensity, in the timing of utterance segments, and in rhythm, cadence, and
intonation of words. The changes to the duration, the fundamental frequency, and the
intensity of tonic and atonic syllables of the sentences spoken, deprive an individual's
particular speech of its characteristics. The cause of dysprosody is usually associated with
neurological pathologies such as brain vascular accidents, cranioencephalic traumatisms,
and brain tumors.[3]

 Muteness is complete inability to speak.

 Speech sound disorders involve difficulty in producing specific speech sounds (most
often certain consonants, such as /s/ or /r/), and are subdivided into articulation
disorders(also called phonetic disorders) and phonemic disorders. Articulation disorders
are characterized by difficulty learning to produce sounds physically. Phonemic disorders
are characterized by difficulty in learning the sound distinctions of a language, so that one
sound may be used in place of many. However, it is not uncommon for a single person to
have a mixed speech sound disorder with both phonemic and phonetic components.

 Stuttering affects approximately 1% of the adult population.[1]

 Voice disorders are impairments, often physical, that involve the function of
the larynx or vocal resonance.

Causes
In most cases the cause is unknown. However, there are various known causes of speech
impediments, such as "hearing loss, neurological disorders, brain injury, intellectual
disability, drug abuse, physical impairments such as Cleft lip and palate, and vocal abuse or
misuse."[4]

Treatment
Many of these types of disorders can be treated by speech therapy, but others require medical
attention by a doctor in phoniatrics. Other treatments include correction of organic conditions
and psychotherapy.[5]
In the United States, school-age children with a speech disorder are often placed in special
education programs. Children who struggle to learn to talk often experience persistent
communication difficulties in addition to academic struggles. [6] More than 700,000 of the
students served in the public schools’ special education programs in the 2000-2001 school
year were categorized as having a speech or language impediment. This estimate does not
include children who have speech and language impairments secondary to other conditions
such as deafness".[4] Many school districts provide the students with speech therapy during
school hours, although extended day and summer services may be appropriate under certain
circumstances.
Patients will be treated in teams, depending on the type of disorder they have. A team can
include SLPs, specialists, family doctors, teachers,and family members.

Social effects
Suffering from a speech disorder can have negative social effects, especially among young
children. Those with a speech disorder can be targets of bullying because of their disorder.
The bullying can result in decreased self-esteem.

Language disorders
Language disorders are usually considered distinct from speech disorders, even though they
are often used synonymously.
Speech disorders refer to problems in producing the sounds of speech or with the quality of
voice, where language disorders are usually an impairment of either understanding words or
being able to use words and does not have to do with speech production.[7]

See also

 British Stammering Association  Motor speech disorders

 FOXP2  Speech and language pathology

 KE family  Speech and language pathology in school s

 Language disorder  Speech and language assessment

 List of voice disorders  Speech perception

 Manner of articulation  Speech repetition

Reaction:

I’ve been also with how Tenten (Enrique Gil) speaks before. I’ve been bullied.
I’ve been laughed at. I’ve been ashamed because of my condition. Despite the fact, I strived
to learn things by frequent practice.

It was when I get involved with activities related to campus journalism

specifically in the field of radio broadcasting that I had my practice in speaking. It takes time,
truly. It took the moments of trial and error. It brought several pains during my training. But it
was all worth it. I’ve been involved to several activities, I’ve been that fierce in encouraging
myself just to be trained.

Thus, I believe that Tenten’s speech problem could be given a solution by constant
practice and frequent exposure to speech activities that might give him trainings. With
dedications and goals to achieve things, a person with this kind of problems might improve.