2VAA000334 en S Turbine Auto Synchronizer AS800 Product Guide

Symphony Plus
S+ Turbine: Auto Synchronizer AS800

Product Guide
Symphony Plus
Auto Synchronizer AS800

Product Guide
NOTICE
The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should not be
construed as a commitment by ABB. ABB assumes no responsibility for any errors that
may appear in this document.
In no event shall ABB be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential
damages of any nature or kind arising from the use of this document, nor shall ABB be
liable for incidental or consequential damages arising from use of any software or hardware
described in this document.
This document and parts thereof must not be reproduced or copied without written permission
from ABB, and the contents thereof must not be imparted to a third party nor used
for any unauthorized purpose.
The software or hardware described in this document is furnished under a license and
may be used, copied, or disclosed only in accordance with the terms of such license.
This product meets the requirements specified in EMC Directive 89/336/EEC and in Low
Voltage Directive 72/23/EEC.
Copyright © 2011 by ABB S.p.A.
All rights reserved.
Release: April 2011
Document number: 2VAA000334 Rev 5.1
TRADEMARKS
All rights to other trademarks reside with their respective owners.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
About This Book............................................................................................................... 11
1.1 Overview ................................................................................................................. 11
1.2 Use of Warnings, Caution, Information, and Tip Icons ....................................... 11
1.3 Terminology............................................................................................................ 12
1.4 Related Documentation ......................................................................................... 12
2. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................. 13
2.1 Product Overview ................................................................................................... 13
2.1.1 CPM810 Overview .............................................................................................. 13
2.1.2 ASM810 Overview .............................................................................................. 13
2.1.3 TBU810 Overview ............................................................................................... 13
2.1.4 ROM810 Overview.............................................................................................. 13
2.1.5 EIM810 Overview................................................................................................ 13
2.1.6 SIM810 Overview................................................................................................ 13
2.2 AS800 Details.......................................................................................................... 14
2.2.1 Termination Base Unit (TBU810) ........................................................................ 14
2.2.2 AS800 Modules................................................................................................... 14
2.2.3 Relay Output Module (ROM810)......................................................................... 14
2.2.4 Extended I/O Module (EIM810)........................................................................... 14
2.2.5 Serial Interface Module (SIM810)........................................................................ 14
2.3 Prerequisites and Requirements........................................................................... 14
2.4 Product Features .................................................................................................... 15
2.4.1 Field I/O Capabilities ........................................................................................... 15
2.4.2 Communication ................................................................................................... 16
2.4.3 Functional Product Features ............................................................................... 16
3. INSTALLATION .................................................................................................. 17
3.1 Termination Base Unit Connections..................................................................... 17
3.2 Modules................................................................................................................... 17
2VAA000334 Auto Synchronizer AS800 5

TABLE OF CONTENTS
3.3 ROM810 Module Connection ................................................................................. 18
3.4 EIM810 Module Connection................................................................................... 18
3.5 SIM810 Module Connection................................................................................... 18
4. CONFIGURATION .............................................................................................. 19
4.1 Before You Start ..................................................................................................... 19
4.2 TBU810 .................................................................................................................... 19
4.2.1 Bus PT Connections ........................................................................................... 21
4.2.2 Field Powered Digital Input Connections ............................................................ 23
4.2.3 System Powered Digital Input Connections ........................................................ 23
4.2.4 Primary and Independent Relay Feedback Connections .................................... 25
4.3 CPM810 Module ...................................................................................................... 26
4.4 ASM810 Module ...................................................................................................... 26
4.5 ROM810 Module...................................................................................................... 27
4.5.1 ROM810 Rev A ................................................................................................... 27
4.5.2 ROM810 V2.0 ..................................................................................................... 28
4.5.3 ROM810 Relay Selection.................................................................................... 29
4.6 EIM810 Module........................................................................................................ 29
4.6.1 EIM810 Terminal Block Connections .................................................................. 29
4.6.2 EIM810 DIP Switch and LED .............................................................................. 31
4.6.3 EIM810 Example Wiring Diagrams ..................................................................... 31
4.7 AS800 Configuration via Profibus......................................................................... 33
4.7.1 Values Sent To the AS800.................................................................................. 33
4.7.2 Values Reported By the AS800........................................................................... 35
4.7.3 Description of the Values Sent To the AS800 ..................................................... 37
4.7.4 Description of the Values Reported By the AS800.............................................. 40
5. OPERATION ....................................................................................................... 43
5.1 General Description ............................................................................................... 43
5.1.1 AC Inputs ............................................................................................................ 43

6 Auto Synchronizer AS800 2VAA000334
TABLE OF CONTENTS
5.1.2 Relay Activation .................................................................................................. 43
5.1.3 Digital Inputs ....................................................................................................... 43
5.1.4 Independent Synchronization Check................................................................... 43
5.1.5 Module Status Checking ..................................................................................... 44
5.1.6 Communication ................................................................................................... 44
5.2 The Synchronization Process ............................................................................... 44
5.2.2 Synchronizing a Generator to a Line Bus............................................................ 45
5.2.3 Synchronizing One Bus to a Peer Bus ................................................................ 47
5.2.4 Synchronizing a Live Bus to a Dead Bus ............................................................ 47
5.3 Conditions for Synchronization Using the AS800 ............................................... 48
5.3.1 Signal Quality ...................................................................................................... 48
5.3.2 Voltage and Frequency Matches......................................................................... 48
5.3.3 Match Windows................................................................................................... 48
5.3.4 Independent Check Digital Output ...................................................................... 51
5.3.5 Maximum Closure Angle ..................................................................................... 51
5.3.6 Stability Angle ..................................................................................................... 51
5.3.7 Dead Bus Determination ..................................................................................... 51
5.3.8 Enable Auto-Synchronization .............................................................................. 51
5.4 Bus Signal Levels Reported by the AS800........................................................... 51
5.5 Synchronizing a Generator to a Line Bus Using the AS800 ............................... 52
5.5.1 Voltage Match Control......................................................................................... 52
5.5.2 Frequency Match Control.................................................................................... 52
5.5.3 Breaker Closure Control...................................................................................... 53
5.6 Synchronizing a Generator to an Unstable Line Bus Using the AS800............. 53
5.6.1 Voltage Match Control......................................................................................... 54
5.6.2 Frequency Match Control.................................................................................... 54
5.7 Synchronizing Two Peer Buses Using the AS800 ............................................... 55

TABLE OF CONTENTS
5.8 Synchronizing a Live Bus to a Dead Bus Using the AS800 ................................ 55
5.9 Digital Inputs........................................................................................................... 56
5.9.1 Primary Relay Feedback..................................................................................... 56
5.9.2 Independent Relay Feedback ............................................................................. 56
5.9.3 Breaker Status .................................................................................................... 56
5.9.4 Auto-Sync Enable ............................................................................................... 56
5.9.5 Frequency Match Enable .................................................................................... 57
5.9.6 Breaker Close Enable ......................................................................................... 57
5.9.7 Voltage Match Enable ......................................................................................... 57
5.9.8 Dead Bus Enable ................................................................................................ 57
5.10 Digital Outputs........................................................................................................ 57
5.10.1 Raise Volts .......................................................................................................... 57
5.10.2 Lower Volts ......................................................................................................... 58
5.10.3 Breaker Close ..................................................................................................... 58
5.10.4 Raise Speed ....................................................................................................... 58
5.10.5 Lower Speed ....................................................................................................... 58
5.10.6 Independent Check ............................................................................................. 58
5.11 Stand-Alone versus Profibus Operation .............................................................. 58
5.12 Stand-Alone Mode .................................................................................................. 58
5.12.1 Configuring the AS800 via Modbus..................................................................... 59
5.12.2 Configuring the AS800 via Terminal Commands ................................................ 61
5.12.3 EIM810 Status Indication .................................................................................... 62
5.13 Status Messages .................................................................................................... 63
6. MAINTENANCE.................................................................................................. 64
6.1 Preventive Maintenance......................................................................................... 64
6.2 Hardware Indicators ............................................................................................... 64

TABLE OF CONTENTS
6.2.1 AS800 LED ......................................................................................................... 64
6.3 Troubleshooting ..................................................................................................... 65
6.4 Module Replacement.............................................................................................. 66
6.4.1 General ............................................................................................................... 66
6.4.2 Replacement ....................................................................................................... 66
6.4.3 Returning a Module............................................................................................. 66
6.5 Firmware Upgrade .................................................................................................. 66
6.5.1 Upgrading from Version 5.0.2 or Later ................................................................ 66
6.5.2 Upgrading from Version 3.0.3 or Earlier.............................................................. 68
7. SPECIFICATIONS .............................................................................................. 70
7.1 AS800 Product Specifications............................................................................... 70
8. REVISION HISTORY .......................................................................................... 71

TABLE OF CONTENTS

0BINTRODUCTION 7BOverview
erview
About This Book
1.1 Overview
This book provides a description of the AS800 modules and termination unit. It provides instructions for installation, start-
up, and information regarding capacity and performance. This book is not intended to be the sole source of instruction for
the AS800 I/O system.
This section provides introductory and background information including guidelines about how to find information in the
manual related documentation.
The Introduction section provides a product and functional overview.
The Installation section provides installation guidance.
The Configuration section provides details for customizing the units to meet the requirements of individual applications.
The main information is structured as follows:
• Design considerations and guidelines.
• Capacity and performance.
The Operation section describes the various start modes and operating modes available for each installation.
The Maintenance section focuses on maintaining the modules and detecting faults. It explains system status displays in
operator stations and LEDs on modules.
In the Specifications section you will find a data sheet that lists the capacities of all of the components of the AS800
module.
1.2 Use of Warnings, Caution, Information, and Tip Icons

This publication includes Warning, Caution, and Information statements where appropriate to point out safety related or
other important information. It also includes Tips to point out useful hints to the reader. The corresponding symbols
should be interpreted as follows:
An electrical warning icon indicates the presence of a hazard, which could

result in electrical shock.
A warning icon indicates the presence of a hazard, which could result in

personal injury.
A caution icon indicates important information or a warning related to the

concept discussed in the text. It might indicate the presence of a hazard,
which could result in corruption of software or damage to
equipment/property.
An information icon alerts the reader to pertinent facts and conditions.
A tip icon indicates advice on, for example, how to design your project or
how to use a certain function.
Although Warning hazards are related to personal injury, and Caution hazards are associated with equipment or property
damage, it should be understood that operation of damaged equipment could, under certain operational conditions, result
in degraded process performance, leading to personal injury or death. Therefore, comply fully with all Warning and
Caution notices.

9BTerminology 0BINTRODUCTION
1.3 Terminology
The following is a list of terms associated with the AS800 that you should be familiar with. The list contains terms and
abbreviations that are unique to ABB or have a usage or definition that is different from standard industry usage.
Term Description
Breaker A device use to connect or isolate two buses.

An electrical interface used to transfer bulk power to multiple
Bus
devices.
CPM810 Common Processor Module
Dead Bus A non-energized bus.
An independent synchronization check use to permit or inhibit
Indicheck
breaker closure.
ROM810 Relay Output Module
Slip Frequency The difference in frequency between two buses.
Synchronization A control method of matching a bus’s voltage, frequency and

phase with another bus with the intent of connecting the two buses
with a breaker.
1.4 Related Documentation

The following is a listing of the documentation related to the I/O system.
Title Description
9A61010 Profibus User Manual

0BINTRODUCTION 11BProduct Overview
2. INTRODUCTION
The Auto Synchronizer AS800 provides automatic breaker closure during generator to grid synchronization or during peer
to peer bus synchronization in switchyard applications.
The AS800 compares and identifies the voltage, frequency, and phase between two buses, typically a line and generator.
It sends control signals used to adjust voltage and turbine speed in order to synchronize the two buses. It is also capable
of detecting a dead bus while initiating safe breaker closure.
The AS800 provides flexibility to operate efficiently in all turbine control environments. The module supports two voltage
ranges (e.g. 0-130 VAC and 0-50 VAC) operating at either 50 or 60 Hz (40-70Hz).
The AS800 can either be operated in harmony with a Profibus capable master controller, or it can operate independently
with hard-wired digital inputs and serial communication via a RS-232 physical interface.
2.1 Product Overview

The AS800 provides easy installation of the modules and process cabling. The AS800 module and a Profibus-DP
Communication Interface are combined to communicate to a control system. The controller sends the configuration
parameters to the AS800 and receives current I/O values and status via the Profibus network.
In addition to the normal operating mode, the AS800 may be operated in Stand-Alone mode. The configuration
parameters are set to the proper values via a serial interface, either directly through the use of a terminal program or
through the use of the Modbus protocol. The current I/O values and status may also be retrieved via the Modbus protocol.
A Common Processor Module (CPM810) and an Auto-synchronization module (ASM810) plug into a Termination Base
Unit (TBU810) to form the basic AS800. One or more Relay Output Modules (ROM810) may be connected to the basic
AS800 to provide digital output signals. An Extended I/O Module (EIM810) may be connected to the basic AS800 to
provide an additional digital output signal in Stand-Alone mode. A Serial Interface Module (SIM810) may be connected to
the basic AS800 to provide connections to the serial interface.
2.1.1 CPM810 Overview

The CPM810 performs these functions:
• Executes the defined functions of the AS800.
• Interfaces to the ASM810 module.
• Communicates to the control system via Profibus DP.
2.1.2 ASM810 Overview

The ASM810 performs these functions:
• Receives and conditions the field I/O.
• Transfers the conditioned signals to the CPM810.
• Provides an independent synchronization check.
2.1.3 TBU810 Overview

The TBU810 contains terminals for power, field connections, and communication. It houses the CPM810 and ASM810
modules.
2.1.4 ROM810 Overview

A Relay Output Module (ROM810) may be connected to the TBU810 to provide digital output signals, such as,
Raise/Lower Volts, Raise/Lower Frequency, Close Breaker, and Indicheck.
2.1.5 EIM810 Overview

An Extended I/O Module (EIM810) may be connected to the TBU810 to provide an additional digital output signal in
Stand-Alone mode to indicate when there is a problem with the AS800.
2.1.6 SIM810 Overview

A Serial Interface Module (SIM810) may be connected to the TBU810 to provide connections to the serial interface. The
serial interface may be used to establish the values of the configuration parameters of the AS800, monitor the operation of
the AS800, and to download new firmware to the AS800.

12BAS800 Details 0BINTRODUCTION
2.2 AS800 Details
2.2.1 Termination Base Unit (TBU810)

The Termination Base Unit (TBU810) is a passive base unit used to house the modules. It contains the power and field I/O
terminals, Profibus communication connectors, serial interface ports, and relay output ports.
The TBU810 can be mounted on a standard DIN rail. It has a mechanical latch to lock the TBU810 to the DIN rail. The
latch can be released with a screwdriver.
The TBU810 has two mechanical locking devices that lock the modules in place.
2.2.2 AS800 Modules

The modules that mount on the TBU810 are the CPM810 and the ASM810, each with a ventilated plastic enclosure. On
the front of the CPM810 module there are twenty LEDs indicating the module and I/O status. The ASM810 module also
includes an LED indicating power status.
• Refer to Section 6.2.1 for the status indication of the LEDs.
AS800 modules can be easily replaced in a fully powered state. The design of the modules and the TBU810 protect the
modules from being damaged by excessive voltage or current.
2.2.3 Relay Output Module (ROM810)

The Relay Output Module (ROM810) is a separate base unit used to house up to two electro-mechanical relays. It
contains the power and field I/O terminals to provide external connections for digital output signals.
The ROM810 can be mounted on a standard DIN rail. It has a mechanical latch that locks the ROM810 to the DIN rail.
The latch can be released with a screwdriver.
The ROM810 has a connector that plugs directly into the TBU. To install the ROM810 simply place the ROM810 on the
DIN rail to the right of the TBU, and then slide it to the left until it is fully seated. Then secure the latch.
2.2.4 Extended I/O Module (EIM810)

The Extended I/O Module (EIM810) is a separate base unit that contains the electronics to provide additional I/O for the
AS800. The AS800 can use the EIM810 to provide an additional Digital Output to indicate that there is a problem with the
AS800 when it is operating in Stand-Alone mode.
2.2.5 Serial Interface Module (SIM810)

The Serial Interface Module (SIM810) is a separate base unit that contains the connectors to attach serial communication
cables to the AS800.
2.3 Prerequisites and Requirements

The AS800 uses Profibus DP to communicate with the controller. The controller must configure the module before
operation can occur. Refer to Section 4.7 for the description of the values that the controller sends to and reads from the
AS800.

0BINTRODUCTION 14BProduct Features
2.4 Product Features
2.4.1 Field I/O Capabilities

Analog Inputs
Bus A Typically from Potential Transformers (PT’s)
Up to 134 VAC from 40-70 Hz
Bus B Typically from Potential Transformers (PT’s)
Up to 134 VAC from 40-70 Hz
Digital Inputs
Deadbus Enable System Power: 24 VDC
Field Power: 24 VDC, 48 VDC, 125 VDC, 120 VAC
Breaker Status feedback System Power: 24 VDC
Field Power: 24 VDC, 48 VDC, 125 VDC, 120 VAC
Independent Relay feedback System Power: 24 VDC
Field Power: 24 VDC, 48 VDC
Voltage Match Enable System Power: 24 VDC
(Stand-Alone) Field Power: 24 VDC, 48 VDC
Frequency Match Enable System Power: 24 VDC
Breaker Closure Enable System Power: 24 VDC
Digital Outputs (ROM810)
Raise Volts Dry Contact (2-Form C) 3A @ 150 VDC

5A @ 120 VAC
Lower Volts Dry Contact (2-Form C) 3A @ 150 VDC
5A @ 120 VAC
Raise Frequency Dry Contact (2-Form C) 3A @ 150 VDC
5A @ 120 VAC
Lower Frequency Dry Contact (2-Form C) 3A @ 150 VDC
5A @ 120 VAC
Breaker Closure Dry Contact (2-Form C) 3A @ 150 VDC
5A @ 120 VAC
Independent Check Dry Contact (2-Form C) 3A @ 150 VDC
5A @ 120 VAC

14BProduct Features 0BINTRODUCTION
2.4.2 Communication
Profibus DPV0
Media 2 – Wire, Terminated RS-485
Baud Rate Up To 12 Mbits/sec
Data In Configuration and Control Values
(see section 3 for further details)
Data Out Reported Values
(see section 3 for further details)
RS-232 (via SIM810)
Media 3 – Wire, (Rx, Tx, Gnd)
Baud Rate 115.2 Kbits/sec
Data In Software & Firmware Upgrades
Configuration and Control Values (stand-alone)
Data Out Debug Information
Reported Values (stand-alone)
2.4.3 Functional Product Features

Autosynchronization The system compares the voltages, frequencies, and phase
difference of two busses to provide a reliable means for closing
a breaker between two electrical sources.
• For control by a master, settings can be changed
dynamically over a Profibus / RS-485 physical interface.
• For stand-alone operation you can either utilize the default
parameter settings or specify custom settings via a serial
RS-232 physical interface.
Independent The ASM810 contains an independent synchronization circuit
Synchronization separate from the logic in the CPM810. This circuit uses wider
Checking (Indicheck) parameters that act as a permissive to the CPM810 logic, such
that a Close Breaker signal will not be initiated unless the
Independent circuit activates first. A mismatch between these
two circuits will generate an error.
Modes of Operation • Line/Generator Synchronization
• Peer/Peer Synchronization
• Controller or stand-alone operation
• Dead Bus closure

1BINSTALLATION 15BTermination Base Unit Connections
3. INSTALLATION
Figure 3-1 Full AS800 Assembly
3.1 Termination Base Unit Connections

A TBU810 provides two slots for the modules. The left position is for a CPM810 and the right position is for the ASM810.
On the left side of the TBU810 are two ports for serial communication with a SIM810.
The serial communication ports can be used to:

• Download new firmware.
• Provide an interface port for debugging.
• Provide an interface port for stand-alone mode.
The right side of the TBU810 includes a port for interfacing to the ROM810 relay module.
3.2 Modules
Install modules by aligning the connectors of the TBU810 and module, and then pushing the units together. Install the
CPM810 module into the left slot of the TBU810. Install the ASM810 module into the right slot of the TBU810.
Ensure that the module is fully engaged into the TBU810. Partial engagement may produce
unexpected results
After connection to the TBU810, lock the module in place using the Module Locking Device. Figure 3-2 shows how to
lock a module in place. In this example the CPM810 module is locked in place and the ASM810 module is not locked in
place.

17BROM810 Module Connection 1BINSTALLATION
Figure 3-2 Module Locking Device
The CPM810 module is used for several products. Each of these products pairs it with a
different companion module. When the CPM810 first powers up with a different type of
companion module, it will take about 1 minute longer to initialize. If the CPM810 is not allowed
to complete its initialization, it will not function properly.
3.3 ROM810 Module Connection

On the left side of the ROM810 is a connector that plugs directly into the TBU810, an EIM810, or another ROM810. On
the right side of the ROM810 is a connector that plugs directly into another ROM810.
Place the ROM810 on the DIN rail to the right of the TBU810, a previously installed EIM810, or a previously installed
ROM810. Slide the unit to the left until it is fully seated.
If an EIM810 is part of the AS800 installation, it must be connected to the TBU810. In this case, install the EIM810 before
installing any ROM810 modules.
3.4 EIM810 Module Connection

On the left side of the EIM810 are two connectors that plug directly into the TBU810. On the right side of the EIM810 are
two connectors that plug directly into another EIM810 or to an ROM810.
Place the EIM810 on the DIN rail to the right of the TBU810 or a previously installed EIM810. Slide the unit to the left until
it is fully seated. At this time the AS800 only makes use of a single EIM810.
If an EIM810 is part of the AS800 installation, it must be connected to the TBU810. In this case, install the EIM810 before
installing any ROM810 modules.
3.5 SIM810 Module Connection

On the right side of the SIM810 are two ports for serial communication with a TBU810.
Place the SIM810 on the DIN rail to the left of the TBU810, and then slide it to the right until it is fully seated.
Connect the serial communication cable to the connector labeled MA.

2BCONFIGURATION 20BBefore You Start
4. CONFIGURATION
4.1 Before You Start

Read this manual thoroughly before landing wires to the Termination Unit and applying power to
the modules.
4.2 TBU810
Figure 4-1 TBU810
The terminals of the TBU810 provide the connections for module power, field I/O power, and all of the field I/O signals of
the AS800, except for the digital outputs. Figure 4-2 shows the terminals of the TBU810.
Figure 4-2 TBU810 Terminals
The two terminals labeled 24V + are connected together internally on the TBU810. The two terminals labeled 24V – are
connected together internally on the TBU810. The output of a 24V power supply must be connected between one of the
24V + terminals and one of the 24V – terminals to supply power to the modules. The other pair of 24V ± terminals may be
used to connect the 24V power to the L1 terminals or to another module.
The two terminals labeled L1 + are connected together internally on the TBU810. The two terminals labeled L1 – are
connected together internally on the TBU810. These terminals provide a fused connection to several terminals of the A
21BTBU810 2BCONFIGURATION
row of terminals in order to supply power to field devices, such as digital inputs. Terminals A1, A5, A7, A9, and A11 are
connected to the L1 + terminals via a fuse. Terminals A2, A6, A8, A10, and A12 are connected directly to the L1 –
terminals. Power sources up to 24 VDC may be connected to the L1 ± terminals.
The B and C row of terminals provide the field I/O signal connections. Table 4-1 lists the field I/O terminals used by the
AS800, the signals to connect to them, and the associated status LED on the CPM810.
TBU TBU
CPM810
+ – Signal Description
LED Label
Terminal Terminal
C1 B1 Auto-Sync Enable LV3
C2 B2 Frequency Match Enable LV5
C3 B3 Breaker Close Enable LV6
C4 B4 Voltage Match Enable LV4
C5 B5 Primary Relay Feedback LV1
C6 B6 Independent Relay Feedback LV2
C7 B7 Bus B HV2
C8 B8 Bus A HV1
C9 B9 Breaker Feedback DI2
C10 B10 Dead Bus Enable DI1
Table 4-1 TBU810 Terminals used by the AS800
Warning: field I/O may be energized with 125VDC or 134 VAC.
TBU810
Description
Terminal

2BCONFIGURATION 21BTBU810
A1 I/O Power
A2 I/O Common
A3 not used by the AS800
A4 not used by the AS800
A5 I/O Power
A6 I/O Common
A7 I/O Power
A8 I/O Common
A9 I/O Power
A10 I/O Common
A11 I/O Power
A12 I/O Common
Table 4-2 TBU810 I/O Power Terminals
The four sets of 3-post headers that are accessible through the hole in the upper right section of the TBU810 are used to
select whether or not the Profibus signals are passed on to the next TBU810 in a redundant configuration. The AS800 is
not capable of a redundant configuration, therefore, set all of the selection settings to the DO NOT PASS position. Table 4-3
lists the valid selections.
Jumper Selection Channel A Channel B
Do not pass Do not pass
Pass through Do not pass
Pass through Pass through
Table 4-3 TBU810 Profibus Jumper Selections
The following sections provide guidelines for how to connect various commonly used types of field I/O devices to the
TBU810.
4.2.1 Bus PT Connections

The AS800 analog input channels, Bus A (Line) and Bus B (Gen), can accept field signals from a PT. Figure 4-3 shows
the TBU810 wiring configuration.
Figure 4-3 Bus A&B Inputs

Warning: field I/O may be energized with 120 VAC or higher.
Warning: improper connection of the Bus inputs can cause serious and expensive equipment
damage.

4.2.2 Field Powered Digital Input Connections

The six digital input channels of the AS800 that provide the process control inputs in Stand-Alone Mode can accept field
powered voltage levels. Figure 4-4 shows the TBU810 wiring configuration for the externally powered signals.
Figure 4-4 Field Powered Digital Inputs
Warning: field I/O may be energized with 120 VAC or higher.
4.2.3 System Powered Digital Input Connections

The six digital input channels of the AS800 that provide the process control inputs in Stand-Alone Mode can accept
system powered voltage levels. Figure 4-5 shows the TBU810 wiring configuration for the locally powered signals.

Figure 4-5 System Powered Digital Inputs

4.2.4 Primary and Independent Relay Feedback Connections

The two digital input channels of the AS800 that provide feedback of the state of the two breaker close relays must be
connected to one of the Normally Closed set of contacts of the Primary Close Breaker relay and the Independent Close
Breaker relay. While the signals may be powered externally, it is typically more convenient to power them via the field I/O
power terminals of the TBU810. Figure 4-6 shows the TBU810 wiring configuration for locally powered signals. Figure 4-7
shows the TBU810 wiring configuration for externally powered signals.
Figure 4-6 Locally Powered Primary and Independent Relay Feedbacks
C5 + + 24 VDC Primary Relay Feedback

- From ROM810
B5 -
C6 + + 24 VDC Independent Relay Feedback

- From ROM810
B6 -
TBU810
Figure 4-7 Externally Powered Primary and Independent Relay Feedbacks

22BCPM810 Module 2BCONFIGURATION
4.3 CPM810 Module

The CPM810 module requires that a DIP switch with 7 individual switches be configured prior to insertion into the TBU810
to select the Profibus address. Determine the Profibus address of the module and set the DIP switch underneath the
CPM810 module accordingly. Valid Profibus addresses range from 0 to 125; however addresses 0 & 1 are reserved for
the Profibus Master. Furthermore, the leftmost switch is used to enable Redundant Mode on other 800STM Turbine
Modules. Therefore, valid AS800 addresses range from 2 to 63.
Note: System Redundancy requires a backup address to be n+64; therefore the highest possible primary address with
System Redundancy enabled is 61 for a backup address of 125.
The AS800 does not implement a Redundant Mode configuration. Set the leftmost switch, labeled “1”, of the DIP switch of
the CPM810 to the 0 position (“OFF” or “OPEN”).
Table 4-4 shows the switch settings for addresses 0–63.
Switch Profibus Switch Profibus Switch Profibus Switch Profibus

1234567 Address 1234567 Address 1234567 Address 1234567 Address
0000000 0 0010000 16 0100000 32 0110000 48
0000001 1 0010001 17 0100001 33 0110001 49
0000010 2 0010010 18 0100010 34 0110010 50
0000011 3 0010011 19 0100011 35 0110011 51
0000100 4 0010100 20 0100100 36 0110100 52
0000101 5 0010101 21 0100101 37 0110101 53
0000110 6 0010110 22 0100110 38 0110110 54
0000111 7 0010111 23 0100111 39 0110111 55
0001000 8 0011000 24 0101000 40 0111000 56
0001001 9 0011001 25 0101001 41 0111001 57
0001010 10 0011010 26 0101010 42 0111010 58
0001011 11 0011011 27 0101011 43 0111011 59
0001100 12 0011100 28 0101100 44 0111100 60
0001101 13 0011101 29 0101101 45 0111101 61
0001110 14 0011110 30 0101110 46 0111110 62
0001111 15 0011111 31 0101111 47 0111111 63
A “1” corresponds to the switch position labeled “ON” or “CLOSED”
Table 4-4 Profibus Address Selection
Figure 4-8 Example: Profibus Address 5
4.4 ASM810 Module

There are no configurable settings on this module.

2BCONFIGURATION 24BROM810 Module
4.5 ROM810 Module
4.5.1 ROM810 Rev A

The terminals of the ROM810 provide the connections for ROM810 module and relay coil power, earth ground, and the
relay contacts. Figure 4-9 shows the terminals of the ROM810.
Figure 4-9 ROM810 Rev A Terminals
The two terminals labeled C1 and C2 are connected together internally on the ROM810 and provide a connection to the
positive wire of the power source. The two terminals labeled B1 and B2 are connected together internally on the ROM810
and provide a connection to the negative wire of the power source. The output of a 24V power supply must be connected
either between the C1 / B1 pair of terminals or between the C2 / B2 pair of terminals to supply power to the module and
the relay coils. The other pair of terminals may be used to connect the 24V power to another module.
The two terminals labeled A1 and A2 are connected together internally on the ROM810 and are connected to earth
ground internally. These two terminals may be used to land shield wires.
The ROM810 has two relays which provide up to two digital outputs. These relays are 2 form C type relays, which provide
two sets of normally open and normally closed contacts, activated by a single coil. Figure 4-10 shows the relay contact
terminals of the ROM810. Relay K1 is the relay located closer to the digital output selection jumpers and relay K2 is the
relay located closer to the terminals.
K2 K2 K1 K1
C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10
B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10
Figure 4-10 ROM810 Rev A Relay Contact Terminals
The two terminals labeled A3 and A4 are connected together internally on the ROM810. The two terminals labeled A5
and A6 are connected together internally on the ROM810. The two terminals labeled A7 and A8 are connected together
internally on the ROM810. The two terminals labeled A9 and A10 are connected together internally on the ROM810.
None of these terminals are connected to anything else in the ROM810 module. They may be used to jumper wires
together.
The ROM810 has two sets of jumper pins to select which digital output from the AS800 activates each relay. Each set of
jumper pins has three columns with three pins each. These two sets of jumper pins are located together in one corner of
the ROM810. The left set, labeled J1 – J3, select the digital output to assign to relay K1. The right set, labeled J4 – J6,
select the digital output to assign to relay K2.
The AS800 can activate up to 6 digital outputs using the jumper selections of an ROM810 module. Each jumper selection
has an assigned function, which is listed in Table 4-5. The other jumper selections of the ROM810 module are not used.

24BROM810 Module 2BCONFIGURATION
4.5.2 ROM810 V2.0

The terminals of the ROM810 provide the connections for ROM810 module and relay coil power, earth ground, and the
relay contacts. Figure 4-11 shows the terminals of the ROM810.
Figure 4-11 ROM810 V2.0 Terminals
The four terminals labeled 24 + are connected together internally on the ROM810. The four terminals labeled 24 – are
connected together internally on the ROM810. The output of a 24V power supply must be connected between one pair of
the 24 + terminals (positive output) and the 24 – terminals (common) to supply power to the module and the relay coils.
The other pairs of 24 + and 24 – terminals may be used to connect the 24V power to another module or to wet the relay
contacts.
The two terminals labeled are connected together internally on the ROM810 and are connected to earth ground
internally. These two terminals may be used to land shield wires.
The ROM810 has two relays which provide up to two digital outputs. These relays are 2 form C type relays, which provide
two sets of normally open and two sets of normally closed contacts, activated by a single coil. Figure 4-12 shows the
relay contact terminals of the ROM810. Relay K1 is the relay located closer to the digital output selection dipswitch and
relay K2 is the relay located closer to the terminals.
K2 K2 K1 K1
C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8
B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8
Figure 4-12 ROM810 V2.0 Relay Contact Terminals
The ROM810 contains three internal relays that provide indication of the status of the module power and the state of the
K1 and K2 relays. These relays indicate the state of the condition that they monitor through the use of a pair of dry
contacts, each of which is connected to two of the module’s terminals.
The two terminals labeled A1 and A2 are used to monitor the status of power on the module. These contacts will be
closed when the module power is OK.
The two terminals labeled A3 and A4 are used to monitor the status of the K2 relay coil. When the coil is energized, these
contacts will be closed.
The two terminals labeled A5 and A6 are used to monitor the status of the K1 relay coil. When the coil is energized, these
contacts will be closed.
The two terminals labeled A7 and A8 are connected together internally on the ROM810. The two terminals labeled A9
and A10 are connected together internally on the ROM810. None of these terminals are connected to anything else in the
ROM810 module. They may be used to jumper wires together.

2BCONFIGURATION 25BEIM810 Module
The ROM810 has a dipswitch to select which digital output from the VP800 activates each relay. The leftmost three
switches, labeled 1 – 3, select the digital output to assign to relay K1. The rightmost three switches, labeled 4 – 6, select
the digital output to assign to relay K2.
The AS800 can activate up to 6 digital outputs using the dipswitch selections of an ROM810 module. Each dipswitch
selection has an assigned function, which is listed in Table 4-5. The other dipswitch selections of the ROM810 module
are not used.
4.5.3 ROM810 Relay Selection
ROM810 ROM810
Digital
Rev A V 2.0 Relay
Output
Jumper Dipswitch Function
Selection
Setting Setting
0 Raise Volts
1 Lower Volts
2 Breaker Close
3 Raise Speed
4 Lower Speed
Independent
5
Check
Table 4-5 ROM810 Relay Selections
Multiple ROM810 modules may be cascaded together to provide additional digital outputs or additional connections to a
digital output.
4.6 EIM810 Module

The EIM810 contains the electronic circuitry necessary to add two analog inputs, two analog outputs, two digital inputs,
and two digital outputs to an 800STM module. Even though the AS800 only makes use of the first digital output, this
section describes the connections for all eight I/O points.
4.6.1 EIM810 Terminal Block Connections

Figure 4-13 shows the terminals of the EIM810. These terminals provide the connections for the analog inputs, analog
outputs, digital inputs, digital outputs, earth ground, and optional external digital and analog power sources.

25BEIM810 Module 2BCONFIGURATION
Figure 4-13 EIM810 Terminals
Table 4-6 lists the wiring assignments for the terminals of the EIM810.
EIM810
Signal Signal Description
Terminal
C1 IN1+ Digital Input 1+
C2 IN1- Digital Input 1-
C3 IN2+ Digital Input 2+
C4 IN2- Digital Input 2-
C5 NC No connection
C6 NC No connection
C7 OUT1+ Digital Output 1+
C8 OUT1- Digital Output 1-
C9 OUT2+ Digital Output 2+
C10 OUT2- Digital Output 2-
B1 IA1+ Analog Input 1+
IA1+ Analog Input 1+

B2
4-20ma 4-20ma
B3 IA- Analog Input 1-
B4 IA2+ Analog Input 2+
IA2+ Analog Input 2+

B5
4-20ma 4-20ma
B6 IA2- Analog Input 2-
B7 AO1+ Analog Output 1+
B8 AO1- Analog Output 1-
B9 AO2+ Analog Output 2+
B10 AO2- Analog Output 2-

2BCONFIGURATION 25BEIM810 Module
EIM810
Signal Signal Description
Terminal
A1 Earth Earth Ground
A2 Earth Earth Ground
A3 DV+24 24VDC Isolated (Digital)
A4 DV+24 24VDC Isolated (Digital)
A5 DV_GND GND Isolated (Digital)
A6 DV_GND GND Isolated (Digital)
A7 AV+24 24VDC Isolated (Analog)
A8 AV+24 24VDC Isolated (Analog)
A9 AV_GND GND Isolated (Analog)
A10 AV_GND GND Isolated (Analog)
Table 4-6 EIM810 Terminal Connections
4.6.2 EIM810 DIP Switch and LED

The DIP Switch of the EIM810, which is located on the upper left corner, must have all of the switches in the OFF or
OPEN position to function properly.
Figure 4-14 EIM810 DIP Switch
The EIM810 has one LED located next to the DIP switch. The LED lights GREEN when the board is functioning correctly
and RED when the internal microcontroller detects an error.
4.6.3 EIM810 Example Wiring Diagrams

The following diagrams illustrate example wiring connections for Digital Output 1 of the EIM810. The other signals of the
EIM810 are not used by the AS800, consequently wiring examples for them are not provided in this document.

25BEIM810 Module 2BCONFIGURATION
A3 +24
C7 +
Digital Output 1
C8 -
A5 Com
EIM810
Figure 4-15 System Powered Digital Output 1
A3 +24
C7 +
+ 24VDC
- -
C8
Digital Output 1
A5 Com
EIM810
Figure 4-16 Field Powered Digital Output 1

2BCONFIGURATION 26BAS800 Configuration via Profibus
4.7 AS800 Configuration via Profibus

The AS800 system uses Profibus DP for communication with the control system. Refer to the Profibus Users Guide for
more information.
Profibus communication is divided into 3 parts, parameter data sent once when the I/O module begins operating, live data
sent to the I/O module periodically, and live data reported by the I/O module periodically. The live data period is set by the
controller. The AS800 only receives and transmits live data. It does not utilize the Profibus parameters.
All of the live data values sent to the AS800 must lie within the valid range established for each value, even if the feature
with which they are associated is not being used. For example, if the dead bus closure feature is not being used, the dead
bus voltage and frequency must still be set to valid values. The valid range for each value sent to the AS800 is listed in
Section 4.7.1.
4.7.1 Values Sent To the AS800
Typ.
ID Signal Purpose Type EU Min Max
Val.
Attempts The maximum number of times to

D1 Int 3 1 10
Breaker Close attempt synchronization.
The application mode of operation.

0 = Line & Generator Stand-Alone
1 = Line & Generator, Island, Stand-
Application Alone Int 0 0 64
D2
Mode 2 = Peer to Peer Stand-Alone
8 = Line & Generator
16 = Line & Generator, Island
32 = Peer to Peer
The time between when pulses are

D3 Interval R/L Volt initiated for the raise and lower voltage Real 2 Sec (D4) 10.0
digital outputs.
Duration R/L The duration of a pulse for the raise

D4 Real 1 Sec 0.1 10.0
Volt and lower voltage digital outputs.
The time between when pulses are

D5 Interval R/L initiated for the raise and lower speed Real 2 Sec (D6) 10.0
Speed digital outputs.
Duration R/L The duration of a pulse for the raise

D6 Real 1 Sec 0.1 10.0
Speed and lower speed digital outputs.
Closure Angle The maximum angle which may be

D7 Real 20 Deg 0.0 25.0
Maximum used to initiate breaker closure.
The angle at which to begin evaluating

D8 Stability Angle the phase to determine when to initiate Real 90 Deg 90.0 355.0
breaker closure.
Dead Band The width of the frequency match

D9 Real 0.1 Hz 0.01 1.0
Frequency window.
Dead Band The width of the voltage match

D10 Real 1 % 0.1 10.0
Voltage window.

26BAS800 Configuration via Profibus 2BCONFIGURATION
Typ.
Val.
The target frequency difference

D11 Slip Frequency between Bus A and Bus B to establish Real 0.1 Hz 0.01 1.0
a frequency match.
The target voltage difference between

D12 Offset Voltage Bus A and Bus B to establish a Real 1 % -10.0 +10.0
voltage match.
The time it takes for the breaker

contacts to close after the AS800
Breaker Close initiates closure in Line/Gen modes.
D13 Time / Hold Real 0.1 Sec 0.01 10.0
The time to wait after the Indicheck
Time
relay actuates before initiating breaker
closure in Peer-To-Peer modes.
The rated voltage for the primary

D14 Primary Voltage terminals of the Potential Transformer Real 14.4 kVRMS 0.0 2000.0
Bus A used for Bus A.
The rated voltage for the secondary

D15 Secondary terminals of the Potential Transformer Real 120 VRMS 0.0 1000.0
Voltage Bus A used for Bus A.
The lower bound offset from the

D16 Frequency expected frequency of the acceptable Real 3 Hz 1.0 9.0
Lower Limit frequency quality window.
The upper bound offset from the

D17 Frequency expected frequency of the acceptable Real 3 Hz 1.0 9.0
Upper Limit frequency quality window.
The percentage of the rated

secondary terminal voltage used to
D18 Dead Bus Match establish the acceptable voltage Real 85 % 0.0 100.0
Voltage threshold of the live bus to allow
initiation of closure on a dead bus.
The percentage of the expected

frequency used to establish the
D19 Dead Bus Match acceptable frequency threshold of the Real 95 % 0.0 100.0
Frequency live bus to allow initiation of closure on
a dead bus.
The maximum allowable voltage used

D20 Dead Bus to establish the presence of a dead Real 10 VRMS 0.01 (D23)
Voltage bus.
The maximum allowable frequency

D21 Dead Bus used to establish the presence of a Real 10 Hz 0.01 60.0
Frequency dead bus.
The rated voltage for the primary

D22 Primary Voltage terminals of the Potential Transformer Real 14.4 kVRMS 0.0 2000.0
Bus B used for Bus B.

Typ.
Val.
The rated voltage for the secondary

D23 Secondary terminals of the Potential Transformer Real 120 VRMS 0.0 1000.0
Voltage Bus B used for Bus B.
The expected frequency of both

Expected buses.
D24.1 Bool 0 0 1
Frequency 0 = 60 Hz,
1 = 50 Hz.
Selects the orientation of the digital

Breaker input used to indicate the status of the
D24.2 Feedback main breaker. Bool 1 0 1
Configuration 0 = Normally Closed,
1 = Normally Open.
Permissive to perform auto-

synchronization functions.
D24.3 Auto-Sync 0 = Auto-synchronization is Bool 0 0 1
Enable disabled,
1 = Auto-synchronization is
enabled.
Permissive to perform voltage control.

D24.4 Match Voltage Bool 0 0 1
0 = Voltage control is disabled,
Enable
1 = Voltage control is enabled.
Permissive to perform frequency

Match control.
D24.5 Frequency Bool 0 0 1
0 = Frequency control is disabled,
Enable
1 = Frequency control is enabled.
Permissive to perform breaker closure.

D24.6 Breaker Close Bool 0 0 1
0 = Breaker closure is disabled,
Enable
1 = Breaker closure is enabled.
Indicates the status of the main

Main Breaker breaker.
D24.7 Bool 0 0 1
Status 0 = Breaker is Open,
1 = Breaker is Closed.
Permissive to perform dead bus

Dead Bus closure control.
D24.8 Bool 0 0 1
Enable 0 = Dead bus closure is disabled,
1 = Dead bus closure is enabled.
4.7.2 Values Reported By the AS800

ID Signal Name Purpose Type EU Min Max
The operational status code of the

R1 Status Code Int -10 1
AS800.
Actual Voltage The actual voltage of the Bus A PT

R2 Real VRMS 0.0 1000.0
Bus A Secondary secondary terminals.
R3 Actual Frequency The actual frequency of Bus A. Real Hz 0.0 100.0

Bus A
Actual Voltage The actual voltage of the Bus B PT

R4 Real VRMS 0.0 1000.0
Bus B Secondary secondary terminals.
R5 Actual Frequency The actual frequency of Bus B. Real Hz 0.0 100.0

Bus B
The phase angle difference between

R6 Phase Difference Real Deg 0.0 360.0
Bus A and Bus B (A - B).
Last Phase at The phase angle difference at the

R7 Real Deg 0.0 25.0
Closure last attempt at breaker closure.
Actual Voltage The calculated voltage of the Bus A

R8 Real kVRMS 0.0 2000.0
Bus A Primary PT primary terminals.
Actual Voltage The calculated voltage of the Bus B

R9 Real kVRMS 0.0 2000.0
Bus B Primary PT primary terminals.
Indicates when the voltage of Bus B

lies within the specified match
R10.1 Voltage Match window. Bool 0 1
0 = Voltages are not matched,
1 = Voltages are matched.
Indicates when a dead bus condition

Actual Dead Bus is detected.
R10.2 Bool 0 1
Input 0 = Dead bus not detected,
1 = Dead bus detected.
Indicates when the frequency of

Bus B lies within the specified match
window.
R10.3 Frequency Match Bool 0 1
0 = Frequencies are not
matched,
1 = Frequencies are matched.
Reports when the main breaker

status digital input indicates that the
Module Breaker breaker is closed. Bool 0 1
R10.4
Status
0 = Breaker is Open,
1 = Breaker is Closed.
Indicates that the controller should

increase the speed of the turbine.
R10.5 Increase Speed Bool 0 1
0 = Maintain present speed,
1 = Increase speed.

decrease the speed of the turbine.
R10.6 Decrease Speed Bool 0 1
0 = Maintain present speed,
1 = Decrease speed.

Indicates the quality of Bus A.

R10.7 Quality A 0 = Bad, Bool 0 1
1 = Good.
Indicates the quality of Bus B.

R10.8 Quality B 0 = Bad, Bool 0 1
1 = Good.
Indicates when breaker closure has

been initiated.
Start Breaker 0 = Breaker closure has not been Bool 0 1
R10.9
Close initiated,
1 = Breaker closure has been
initiated.

increase the voltage of the
R10.10 Increase Voltage generator. Bool 0 1
0 = Maintain present voltage,
1 = Increase voltage.

decrease the voltage of the
R10.11 Decrease Voltage generator. Bool 0 1
0 = Maintain present voltage,
1 = Decrease voltage.
4.7.3 Description of the Values Sent To the AS800

4.7.3.1 D1 – Attempts Breaker Close
Use this parameter to specify the maximum number of attempts to close the breaker. If the AS800 attempts to initiate a
breaker closure action for the number of tries specified by this parameter without a successful closure, then the Status
Code (R1) parameter will be set to the value that indicates that the number of attempts was exceeded. The AS800 will not
attempt to close the breaker again until the Auto-Sync Enable (D24.3) parameter is disabled and then enabled again.
4.7.3.2 D2 – Application Mode

Use this parameter to specify the mode of operation. There are 6 modes that may be selected. They are listed below.
0 Line/Generator, Stand-Alone.
1 Line/Generator, Island, Stand-Alone
2 Peer To Peer, Stand-Alone.
8 Line/Generator, Profibus communication.
16 Line/Generator, Island, Profibus communication.
32 Peer To Peer, Profibus communication.
4.7.3.3 D3 – Interval R/L Volt

Use this parameter to specify the interval between initiating the output pulses used to raise or lower the generator voltage
in units of seconds. The value of this parameter cannot be less that the value of the Duration R/L Volt (D4) parameter.
This value is used for both the Digital Output and the Profibus signal.

4.7.3.4 D4 – Duration R/L Volt

Use this parameter to specify the duration of the output pulses used to raise or lower the generator voltage in units of
seconds. Subtracting the value of this parameter from the Interval R/L Volt (D3) parameter yields the length of time that
the output pulse will be inactive between pulses. This value is used for both the Digital Output and the Profibus signal.
4.7.3.5 D5 – Interval R/L Speed

Use this parameter to specify the interval between initiating the output pulses used to raise or lower the turbine speed (and
thus the generator frequency) in units of seconds. The value of this parameter cannot be less that the value of the
Duration R/L Speed (D6) parameter. This value is used for both the Digital Output and the Profibus signal.
4.7.3.6 D6 – Duration R/L Speed

Use this parameter to specify the duration of the output pulses used to raise or lower the turbine speed (and thus the
generator frequency) in units of seconds. Subtracting the value of this parameter from the Interval R/L Speed (D5)
parameter yields the length of time that the output pulse will be inactive between pulses. This value is used for both the
Digital Output and the Profibus signal.
4.7.3.7 D7 – Closure Angle Maximum

Use this parameter to specify the maximum allowable angle at which to initiate breaker closure in units of degrees. This
parameter is used to protect against incorrect parameters causing the breaker to close prematurely.
4.7.3.8 D8 – Stability Angle

Use this parameter to specify the stability angle for the generator in units of degrees. The stability angle designates the
phase difference angle at the upper bound of the window within which the generator must remain stable in order for
breaker closure to be initiated. The generator bus must maintain voltage match and frequency match within the span
beginning with this angle until the appropriate breaker closure angle is achieved.
4.7.3.9 D9 – Dead Band Frequency

Use this parameter to specify the width of the frequency match windows in units of Hz. The bounds of the acceptable
window to achieve a frequency match (inner window) are set to the value of the Slip Frequency (D11) parameter ± one-
fourth the value of this parameter. The bounds of the acceptable window to maintain a frequency match (outer window)
are set to the value of the Slip Frequency (D11) parameter ± one-half the value of this parameter.
Inner Frequency Match Window = (Slip frequency) ± (Dead band frequency / 4)
Outer Frequency Match Window = (Slip frequency) ± (Dead band frequency / 2)
4.7.3.10 D10 – Dead Band Voltage

Use this parameter to specify the width of the voltage match windows in units of percent. The bounds of the acceptable
window to achieve a voltage match (inner window) are set to the value of the Offset Voltage (D12) parameter ± one-fourth
the value of this parameter. The bounds of the acceptable window to maintain a voltage match (outer window) are set to
the value of the Offset Voltage (D12) parameter ± one-half the value of this parameter.
Inner Voltage Match Window = (Offset voltage) ± (Dead band voltage / 4)
Outer Voltage Match Window = (Offset voltage) ± (Dead band voltage / 2)
4.7.3.11 D11 – Slip Frequency

The slip frequency is the target difference in frequency between the two busses. Use this parameter to specify the
acceptable slip frequency that constitutes the center of the frequency match windows in units of Hz. The bounds of the
acceptable window to achieve a frequency match (inner window) are set to the value of this parameter ± one-fourth the
value of the Dead Band Frequency (D9) parameter. The bounds of the acceptable window to maintain a frequency
match (outer window) are set to the value of this parameter ± one-half the value of the Dead Band Frequency (D9)
parameter.
Inner Frequency Match Window = (Slip frequency) ± (Dead band frequency / 4)
Outer Frequency Match Window = (Slip frequency) ± (Dead band frequency / 2)
4.7.3.12 D12 – Offset Voltage

The offset voltage is the target difference in voltage between the two busses. Use this parameter to specify the offset
voltage that constitutes the center of the voltage match windows in units of percent. The bounds of the acceptable window
to achieve a voltage match (inner window) are set to the value of this parameter ± one-fourth the value of the Dead Band
Voltage (D10) parameter. The bounds of the acceptable window to maintain a voltage match (outer window) are set to
the value of this parameter ± one-half the value of the Dead Band Voltage (D10) parameter.

Inner Voltage Match Window = (Offset voltage) ± (Dead band voltage / 4)
Outer Voltage Match Window = (Offset voltage) ± (Dead band voltage / 2)
4.7.3.13 D13 – Breaker Close Time / Hold Time

In Line/Generator modes use this parameter to specify the amount of time that will elapse from breaker closure initiation
by the AS800 until the breaker actually closes in units of seconds. This time is normally the sum of the actuation times of
all of the interposing relays or solenoids plus the time it takes for the breaker itself to close.
In Peer To Peer modes use this parameter to specify the amount of time to wait after activation of the Independent check
relay before activating the primary breaker closure relay in units of seconds.
4.7.3.14 D14 – Primary Voltage Bus A

Use this parameter to specify the expected voltage on the primary terminals of the potential transformer used for the Bus A
input in units of KVRMS.
4.7.3.15 D15 – Secondary Voltage Bus A

Use this parameter to specify the expected voltage on the secondary terminals of the potential transformer used for the
Bus A input in units of VRMS.
4.7.3.16 D16 – Frequency Lower Limit

Use this parameter to specify the lower bound of frequency acceptance to establish good quality for both the Bus A input
and the Bus B input in units of Hz.
Frequency Lower Bound = Expected Frequency - Frequency Lower Limit
4.7.3.17 D17 – Frequency Upper Limit

Use this parameter to specify the upper bound of frequency acceptance to establish good quality for both the Bus A input
and the Bus B input in units of Hz.
Frequency Upper Bound = Expected Frequency + Frequency Upper Limit
4.7.3.18 D18 – Dead Bus Match Voltage

Use this parameter to specify the minimum voltage of the live bus to establish a voltage match in order to close the
breaker on a dead bus in units of percent. The value of this parameter sets the percentage of the rated secondary
terminal voltage used to establish the acceptable voltage threshold of the live bus to allow initiation of closure on a dead
bus. In Line/Generator modes this parameter will only be applied to Bus B (generator). In Peer To Peer modes this
parameter will be applied to either bus.
4.7.3.19 D19 – Dead Bus Match Frequency

Use this parameter to specify the minimum frequency of the live bus to establish a frequency match in order to close the
breaker on a dead bus in units of percent. The value of this parameter sets the percentage of the expected frequency
used to establish the acceptable frequency threshold of the live bus to allow initiation of closure on a dead bus. In
Line/Generator modes this parameter will only be applied to Bus B (generator). In Peer To Peer modes this parameter will
be applied to either bus.
4.7.3.20 D20 – Dead Bus Voltage

Use this parameter to specify the maximum allowable voltage threshold of a dead bus in units of VRMS. For a bus to be
identified as being dead, the voltage level of the bus must not exceed the value of this parameter. In Line/Generator
modes this parameter will only be applied to Bus A (line). In Peer To Peer modes this parameter will be applied to either
bus.
4.7.3.21 D21 – Dead Bus Frequency

Use this parameter to specify the maximum allowable frequency threshold of a dead bus in units of Hz. For a bus to be
identified as being dead, the frequency of the bus must not exceed the value of this parameter. In Line/Generator modes
this parameter will only be applied to Bus A (line). In Peer To Peer modes this parameter will be applied to either bus.
4.7.3.22 D22 – Primary Voltage Bus B

Use this parameter to specify the expected voltage on the primary terminals of the potential transformer used for the Bus B
input in units of KVRMS.

4.7.3.23 D23 – Secondary Voltage Bus B

Use this parameter to specify the expected voltage on the secondary terminals of the potential transformer used for the
Bus B input in units of VRMS.
4.7.3.24 D24.1 – Expected Frequency

Use this parameter to specify the expected frequency of both buses.
4.7.3.25 D24.2 – Breaker Feedback Configuration

Use this parameter to select that the digital input used to indicate that the breaker is closed is configured as either
Normally Closed contacts or as Normally Open contacts. When Normally Closed is selected, the contacts open to indicate
that the breaker is closed. When Normally Open is selected, the contacts close to indicate that the breaker is closed.
4.7.3.26 D24.3 – Auto-Sync Enable

Use this parameter to enable the auto-synchronization mode.
4.7.3.27 D24.4 – Match Voltage Enable

Use this parameter to enable automatic voltage match control.
4.7.3.28 D24.5 – Match Frequency Enable

Use this parameter to enable automatic frequency match control.
4.7.3.29 D24.6 – Breaker Close Enable

Use this parameter to enable automatic breaker closure control.
4.7.3.30 D24.7 – Main Breaker Status

Use this parameter to convey the state of the breaker to the AS800. A value of 1 indicates that the breaker is closed. This
parameter is used to provide the breaker state to the AS800 when the breaker status feedback digital input is not used.
4.7.3.31 D24.8 – Dead Bus Enable

Use this parameter to enable automatic breaker closure control to a dead bus.
4.7.4 Description of the Values Reported By the AS800

4.7.4.1 R1 – Status Code
This value reports the status code that indicates when a problem or an error occurs. See Table 5-4 for explanation of the
codes.
4.7.4.2 R2 – Actual Voltage Bus A Secondary

This value reports the voltage present on the secondary terminal of the potential transformer used for the Bus A input in
units of VRMS.
4.7.4.3 R3 – Actual Frequency Bus A

This value reports the frequency present on the secondary terminal of the potential transformer used for the Bus A input in
units of Hertz.
4.7.4.4 R4 – Actual Voltage Bus B Secondary

This value reports the voltage present on the secondary terminal of the potential transformer used for the Bus B input in
units of VRMS.
4.7.4.5 R5 – Actual Frequency Bus B

This value reports the frequency present on the secondary terminal of the potential transformer used for the Bus B input in
units of Hertz.
4.7.4.6 R6 – Phase Difference

This value reports the phase difference between the Bus A and Bus B inputs in units of degrees.
Phase Difference = Bus A – Bus B
4.7.4.7 R7 – Last Phase at Closure

This value reports the phase difference between the Bus A and Bus B inputs when the most recent attempt to close the
breaker was initiated in units of degrees.

4.7.4.8 R8 – Actual Voltage Bus A Primary

This value reports the voltage present on the primary terminal of the potential transformer used for the Bus A input in units
of KVRMS. This value is calculated as the product of the Actual Voltage Bus A Secondary (R2) value and the ratio of the
Primary Voltage Bus A (D14) parameter to the Secondary Voltage Bus A (D15) parameter.
4.7.4.9 R9 – Actual Voltage Bus B Primary

This value reports the voltage present on the primary terminal of the potential transformer used for the Bus B input in units
of KVRMS. This value is calculated as the product of the Actual Voltage Bus B Secondary (R4) value and the ratio of the
Primary Voltage Bus B (D22) parameter to the Secondary Voltage Bus B (D23) parameter.
4.7.4.10 R10.1 – Voltage Match

This value indicates when a voltage match condition between Bus B and Bus A exists. A voltage match condition is first
achieved when the difference between the voltage of Bus B and the voltage of Bus A falls within the inner voltage match
window. A voltage match condition will persist as long as the difference between the voltage of Bus B and the voltage of
Bus A stays within the outer voltage match window. The bounds of the two windows are defined by the Offset Voltage
(D12) and Dead Band Voltage (D10) parameters.
When dead bus closure control in enabled, this parameter indicates when the live bus meets the criteria established by the
Dead Bus Match Voltage (D18) parameter.
4.7.4.11 R10.2 – Actual Dead Bus Input

This value indicates that either Bus A or Bus B meets the criteria specified by the Dead Bus Voltage (D20) and Dead Bus
Frequency (D21) parameters to establish that a dead bus condition exists. In Line/Generator modes this parameter will
only indicate when Bus A meets the dead bus criteria.
4.7.4.12 R10.3 – Frequency Match

This value indicates when a frequency match condition between Bus B and Bus A exists. A frequency match condition is
first achieved when the difference between the frequency of Bus B and the frequency of Bus A falls within the inner
frequency match window. A frequency match condition will persist as long as the difference between the frequency of
Bus B and the frequency of Bus A stays within the outer frequency match window. The bounds of the two windows are
defined by the Slip Frequency (D11) and Dead Band Frequency (D9) parameters.
When dead bus closure control in enabled, this parameter indicates when the live bus meets the criteria established by the
Dead Bus Match Frequency (D19) parameter.
4.7.4.13 R10.4 – Module Breaker Status

This value reports when the Breaker Feedback Digital Input indicates that the breaker is closed.
4.7.4.14 R10.5 – Increase Speed

This value indicates that the speed of the turbine needs to increase in order for the frequency of Bus B to fall within the
inner frequency match window, whose bounds are defined by the Slip Frequency (D11) and Dead Band Frequency (D9)
parameters. This value will be pulsed with the rate and duration specified by the Interval R/L Speed (D5) and Duration
R/L Speed (D6) parameters. This value will only activate when both the Auto-Sync Enable (D24.3) parameter and the
Match Frequency Enable (D24.5) parameter are enabled and frequency match has not been achieved. The state of this
value matches the state of the Raise Speed Digital Output.
4.7.4.15 R10.6 – Decrease Speed

This value indicates that the speed of the turbine needs to decrease in order for the frequency of Bus B to fall within the
inner frequency match window, whose bounds are defined by the Slip Frequency (D11) and Dead Band Frequency (D9)
parameters. This value will be pulsed with the rate and duration specified by the Interval R/L Speed (D5) and Duration
R/L Speed (D6) parameters. This value will only activate when both the Auto-Sync Enable (D24.3) parameter and the
Match Frequency Enable (D24.5) parameter are enabled and frequency match has not been achieved. The state of this
value matches the state of the Lower Speed Digital Output.
4.7.4.16 R10.7 – Quality A

This value indicates the status of the quality of the Bus A input.
4.7.4.17 R10.8 – Quality B

This value indicates the status of the quality of the Bus B input.
4.7.4.18 R10.9 – Start Breaker Close

This value indicates that the breaker closure action has initiated.

4.7.4.19 R10.10 – Increase Voltage

This value indicates that the voltage of the generator needs to increase in order for the voltage of Bus B to fall within the
inner voltage match window, whose bounds are defined by the Offset Voltage (D12) and Dead Band Voltage (D10)
parameters. This value will be pulsed with the rate and duration specified by the Interval R/L Volt (D3) and Duration R/L
Volt (D4) parameters. This value will only activate when both the Auto-Sync Enable (D24.3) parameter and the Match
Voltage Enable (D24.4) parameter are enabled and voltage match has not been achieved. The state of this value
matches the state of the Raise Volts Digital Output.
4.7.4.20 R10.11 – Decrease Voltage

This value indicates that the voltage of the generator needs to decrease in order for the voltage of Bus B to fall within the
inner voltage match window, whose bounds are defined by the Offset Voltage (D12) and Dead Band Voltage (D10)
parameters. This value will be pulsed with the rate and duration specified by the Interval R/L Volt (D3) and Duration R/L
Volt (D4) parameters. This value will only activate when both the Auto-Sync Enable (D24.3) parameter and the Match
Voltage Enable (D24.4) parameter are enabled and voltage match has not been achieved. The state of this value
matches the state of the Lower Volts Digital Output.

3BOPERATION 27BGeneral Description
5. OPERATION
5.1 General Description

The AS800 Auto Synchronizer synchronizes two buses, identified as A and B, by comparing voltage, frequency, and
phase difference between the buses. The module is configured by setting parameters via a controller or via a user
interface when in stand-alone operation. Several conditions must exist before the module attempts to close the breaker.
Additionally, an independent checking function is incorporated to help prevent a false breaker closure.
The Analog Inputs typically come from Potential Transformers (PT’s) that step down the bus level voltage. The module
reads the RMS voltage and frequency from the PT’s. In addition, the module compares the phase difference between the
two busses.
The AS800 sends digital outputs to the ROM810 relay module to control the bus voltage and frequency by sending raise
or lower voltage pulses, and raise or lower speed pulses. Additionally, these signals are sent to the controller via Profibus.
The AS800 utilizes another relay to initiate breaker closure when it determines that the buses are properly aligned. The
independent checking function uses another digital output to provide verification that the buses are properly aligned.
Several digital inputs indicate breaker status, relay status checking, and optional hard-wired permissive signals used in the
stand-alone mode.
The AS800 features include:

• Generator to line synchronization mode
• Peer to peer synchronization mode
• Dead bus closure synchronization mode
• Voltage match control
• Frequency match control
• Independent checking
• Breaker closure control
• Stand-Alone operation
5.1.1 AC Inputs
The AC inputs of the AS800 accept 0-130 VAC, 40-70 Hz signals from either bus input. The AS800 reads the bus voltage
and frequency, and it calculates the phase difference between the two bus frequencies. The AS800 uses the voltage,
frequency, and phase difference between the buses for control and initiation of breaker closure.
5.1.2 Relay Activation

The AS800 utilizes up to six relays on ROM810 modules to provide digital outputs that are used to control the breaker
closure process. The functions provided are:
• Voltage regulator control.
• Frequency regulator control.
• Bus breaker control.
The relays are excited by driver circuits on the ROM810 module.
To take advantage of the redundant synchronization check, connect the close breaker relay and
the independent check relay in series.
5.1.3 Digital Inputs

The digital inputs have two high voltage and six low voltage input circuits. The two high voltage circuits can accept
125 VDC or 120 VAC signals as inputs. The low voltage digital input circuits can accept inputs between 20 and 48 VDC.
All digital input circuits are isolated.
5.1.4 Independent Synchronization Check

The independent synchronization check is an independent method for verifying a voltage, frequency, and phase match.
The check performs course calculations using the same parameters as the primary function. A breaker closure will not
occur unless the independent synchronization check agrees with the primary synchronizing function that a voltage,
frequency, and phase match has occurred.

28BThe Synchronization Process 3BOPERATION
5.1.5 Module Status Checking

The AS800 monitors itself to determine if its circuitry has fallen below operable levels. The state of this condition is
indicated by the status LED.
5.1.6 Communication
The AS800 uses Profibus for its main channel of communication with the system controller. The controller uses the
Profibus to configure the AS800 and to monitor its operation.
The AS800 uses RS-232 serial communication when operating in stand-alone mode. The AS800 may be configured and
monitored using the Modbus protocol or by means of terminal commands.
5.2 The Synchronization Process

Care must be taken whenever two buses are to be connected together. In order to connect two buses by closing a circuit
breaker between them, the two buses must be synchronized; otherwise, the equipment involved in the connection may be
damaged. The breaker itself may be damaged or destroyed if the buses are not in synch. In the case where a generator
is to be connected to the grid, the generator and turbine may be severely damaged if the buses are not in synch.
There are three main scenarios for when a breaker will be closed, a generator is to be connected to a line bus, two peer
buses are to be connected, or a live bus is to be connected to a dead or de-energized bus, sometimes referred to as a
black bus. Each of these cases has its own variations to the basic criteria that must be met before attempting to close a
breaker.
There are three basic criteria that govern the synchronization process, phase angle matching, frequency matching, and
voltage matching. These three criteria establish the conditions that must be met in order to safely close the breaker. The
scope of the criteria varies for each of the different scenarios.
5.2.1.1 Phase Angle Matching
The most critical part of the synchronization process is making sure that the two buses are in phase when the breaker is
closed. The process used to ensure that this condition is met is referred to as phase angle matching. Every bus that has
a live AC signal present will have an associated phase angle. When two buses have the same phase angle, then a
breaker between them may be closed without incurring any damage. If the breaker is closed when the two buses are not
in phase, then an arc will bridge the gap between the contacts of the breaker as they approach each other. An arc
between the contacts will damage one or both of the contacts. The severity of the damage depends on the amount of
energy in the arc, which increases as the difference in phase angles increases, with 180° out of phase being the worst
case. If the breaker breaks apart while closing, then there will be a significant risk of bodily harm to any personnel in the
vicinity.
If the breaker is closed out of phase when connecting a generator to an established line, then the buses must resolve the
phase difference to remain connected. The strength of the line will force the generator to be the one that attempts to
adjust itself to conform to the other. This means that the generator will suddenly try to rotate into the position that would
be aligned with the line bus, which will generate a torque force. The generator is not designed to handle large amounts of
torque, so normally it will incur damage if it is connected to the line significantly out of phase. The amount of potential
damage increases as the phase difference increases. Most likely, the turbine will suffer damage too.
When attempting to close a breaker between two buses, the difference in phase angle between the two buses is
monitored to determine when to initiate breaker closure. A phase angle difference of 0° indicates that the buses are in
phase. It is the goal of the synchronization process to have the contacts of the breaker meet when the phase angle
difference is 0°.
The nature of what constitutes successful phase angle matching is different for the three synchronization scenarios. The
specifics of what the criteria are for each scenario are explained in the subsequent sections dedicated to each scenario.
5.2.1.2 Frequency Matching
Frequency matching is a broad term that is used to refer to the process of ensuring that the frequencies of two buses that
are to be connected are compatible before attempting to close the breaker. Two considerations come into play
surrounding the frequency of buses that are to be connected. First, the frequencies of the buses must be near the
standard frequency established by the applicable regulatory body. Second, the difference in frequency between the two
buses will dictate the rate of change in their phase angle difference. The frequency of one bus may be manipulated in
order to facilitate successful phase angle matching. The nature of what constitutes successful frequency matching is

3BOPERATION 28BThe Synchronization Process
different for the three synchronization scenarios. The specifics of what the criteria are for each scenario are explained in
the subsequent sections dedicated to each scenario.
5.2.1.3 Voltage Matching
Voltage matching is a broad term that is used to refer to the process of ensuring that the voltage levels of two buses that
are to be connected are compatible before attempting to close the breaker. Two considerations come into play
surrounding the voltage level of buses that are to be connected. First, the voltage levels of the buses must be near the
standard voltage established by the applicable regulatory body. Second, it may be desired that the voltage level of a
generator bus be higher than the line in order to avoid the condition where the generator would behave like a motor and
present a load to the bus after the breaker is closed. The nature of what constitutes successful voltage matching is
different for the three synchronization scenarios. The specifics of what the criteria are for each scenario are explained in
the subsequent sections dedicated to each scenario.
5.2.1.4 Synchroscope
A commonly used tool to monitor the phase angle difference between two buses is a synchroscope. A synchroscope is a
meter with a circular face that is gradated into 360 degrees, beginning with 0°, where 0° is located in the “12 o’clock”
position and the angles increase in the counterclockwise direction, concluding at the 0° position. A needle indicates the
phase angle difference between the two buses. The direction that the needle moves indicates which bus has a higher
frequency, and the rate of movement of the needle is directly proportional to the rate of change in the phase angle
difference between the two buses. The buses are in phase when the needle points to the 0° position. Figure 5-1
illustrates a synchroscope whose needle indicates that the two buses are in phase.
Figure 5-1 A Conventional Synchroscope
5.2.2 Synchronizing a Generator to a Line Bus

Of the three synchronization scenarios, synchronizing a generator to a line bus presents the greatest chance of doing the
most damage to the equipment involved in the process. Not only is there danger of damage to the breaker, but the
comparatively greater power of the line means that any attempt at closure when the generator is not in phase poses a
threat of damage to the generator and the turbine. If there is a need to realign to match phase angles, it will always be the
generator that makes the attempt, but it was not designed to do that, so it may be damaged.
However, this synchronization scenario provides the advantage of being able to control the frequency and voltage level of
the generator, so the generator bus can easily be brought into alignment with the line, and thus make the synchronization
process go smoother with less likelihood of closing the breaker out of phase or presenting a motor load to the line. If the
frequency of the generator is fixed at a different rate than the line, then the rate of change in the phase angle difference
between the two buses will be constant, so the appropriate time to initiate closure of the breaker can readily be predicted,
based on the rate of change and the time it takes for the breaker to close.
Typically, the frequency of the generator is set to be slightly faster than the line frequency. This practice provides two
situations that allow the synchronization process to operate more smoothly. First, the phase angle difference will be
changing at a relatively constant rate, which will shorten the time required to achieve a phase match and allow the proper
time to initiate closure of the breaker to be accurately predicted. Second, when the turbine slows down to align itself to the
frequency of the line bus after the breaker is closed, the generator is less likely to present a motor load to the line bus.
The difference in frequency between the line and generator is referred to as the slip frequency.

28BThe Synchronization Process 3BOPERATION
The concept of frequency matching when synchronizing a generator to a line bus refers to achieving the desired slip
frequency on the generator. Typically, a window is defined around the target slip frequency, and the generator frequency
is considered to be matched whenever it falls within this window.
Typically, the voltage level of the generator is set to be the same as or slightly higher than the line voltage. This practice
helps to ensure that the generator is less likely to present a motor load to the line bus after the breaker is closed. The
difference in voltage between the line and generator is referred to as the offset voltage.
The concept of voltage matching when synchronizing a generator to a line bus refers to achieving the desired offset
voltage on the generator. Typically, a window is defined around the target offset voltage, and the generator voltage is
considered to be matched whenever it falls within this window.

Since the phase angle difference between the generator and the line is changing at a relatively constant rate after a
frequency match is achieved, two factors must be taken into account when deciding upon the proper time to initiate closing
the breaker, the rate of change in the phase difference and the length of time it will take for the breaker to actually close
after activating the signal intended to cause the breaker to close. The delay between the initiation of the signal to activate
breaker closure and when the breaker contacts meet is the sum of the activation times for all relays and solenoids in the
signal chain and the time it takes for the breaker itself to close.
The actual slip frequency of the generator will dictate the rate of change in the phase angle difference. Smaller slip
frequencies will result in slower rates of change, while larger slip frequencies will result in faster rates of change. As the
rate of change increases, so does the phase angle difference at which to initiate breaker closure in order to achieve a
phase angle difference of 0° when the breaker contacts meet.
The concept of phase matching when synchronizing a generator to a line bus refers to achieving the calculated angle at
which to initiate breaker closure. Typically, a window is defined around the calculated angle at which to initiate breaker
closure that constitutes a range of angles that will be acceptable to serve as the initiation angle. The phases of the
generator and line are considered to be matched whenever their difference falls within this window.
5.2.2.4 Synchroscope
For the synchronization of a generator to a line bus application, a synchroscope is wired so that the needle will move in
the clockwise direction when the generator has a higher frequency than the line bus. This allows the synchroscope to
show the phase angle difference between the buses decreasing toward 0° when a frequency match is achieved.
An angle is determined by calculation as the appropriate angle at which to initiate breaker closure. The breaker closure
will then be initiated when the needle of the synchroscope points to the computed angle. When done properly, the needle
will continue to move, and the contacts of the breaker will meet when the needle reaches the 0° position.
Figure 5-2 illustrates what a conventional synchroscope would show during the generator to line synchronization process.
In this snapshot of the synchroscope the needle indicates a phase angle difference of about 140°, and the needle is
moving toward the angle at which to initiate breaker closure.
Figure 5-2 Synchroscope Operation When Synchronizing a Generator to a Line Bus

3BOPERATION 28BThe Synchronization Process
5.2.3 Synchronizing One Bus to a Peer Bus

Typically, both buses are well established, when synchronizing two peer buses. Normally, the ability to manipulate the
frequency and voltage of either bus is not available to the operator, which means that it is necessary to wait for the two
buses to come into phase with each other on their own without any capability to control the rate of change in the phase
angle difference. At times the rate of change will be low, and sometimes the rate of change will be high.
The breaker will be the most likely piece of equipment to suffer damage if an attempt is made to close the breaker out of
phase, when synchronizing two peer buses.

Since the standard frequency for a bus is defined by regulatory bodies, the frequency of two buses that are to be
connected will normally be nearly the same. However, it is inherent to the operation of active buses that the frequency of
the bus will fluctuate slightly over time, due primarily to the shifting nature of the load on the grid. Depending on the nature
of the buses, the difference in their frequencies may vary by as much as several tenths of a Hertz. Normally, there is no
ability to adjust either bus frequency associated with connecting peer buses.
The concept of frequency matching when synchronizing one bus to a peer bus refers to confirming that the difference in
frequency between the two buses lies within the acceptable range. Typically, a window is defined to set the bounds of
what constitutes an acceptable difference in frequency, and the bus frequencies are considered to be matched whenever
the difference in their frequencies falls within this window.

Since the standard voltage level for a bus is defined by regulatory bodies, the voltage level of two buses that are to be
connected will normally be nearly the same. However, it is inherent to the operation of active buses that the voltage level
of the bus will fluctuate slightly over time, due primarily to the shifting nature of the load on the grid. Depending on the
nature of the buses, the difference in their voltages may vary by as much as several hundred volts. Normally, there is no
ability to adjust the voltage level of either bus associated with connecting peer buses.
The concept of voltage matching when synchronizing one bus to a peer bus refers to confirming that the difference in
voltage between the two buses lies within the acceptable range. Typically, a window is defined to set the bounds of what
constitutes an acceptable difference in voltage, and the bus voltages are considered to be matched whenever the
difference in their voltages falls within this window.

Since the phase angle difference between two peer buses is not changing at a constant rate and the proper closure angle
cannot be easily predicted, as in the generator to line synchronization process, two factors may be utilized when deciding
upon the proper time to initiate closing the breaker, the acceptable window of phase difference between the two buses and
the length of time the actual phase difference remains within the window. The bounds of the window of acceptable phase
difference are chosen based on the amount of damage to the breaker that will be caused by the phase difference being
too great. By ensuring that the phase difference remains within the acceptable window for a selected length of time, it will
be more likely that the phase difference is not changing rapidly, a condition that could lead to closing the breaker outside
of the acceptable window.
The concept of phase matching when synchronizing one bus to a peer bus refers to confirming that the difference in phase
between the two buses lies within the acceptable window for the designated length of time. The phases of the two buses
are considered to be matched whenever this criterion is met.
5.2.4 Synchronizing a Live Bus to a Dead Bus

Whether it is a lone generator or an established bus, the principles for synchronizing a live bus to a dead bus remain the
same. Before attempting to close the breaker, ensure that the supposedly dead bus truly is de-energized. The frequency
and voltage level of the live bus must be reasonably close to the standard values established by the applicable regulatory
body. Since the dead bus has no signal, it will not have a phase angle, so there is no need to match the phases.

Since, when synchronizing a live bus to a dead bus, one of the two buses that are to be connected has no signal, the
frequencies of the two buses do not need to be matched. However, it is normally desired to ensure that the frequency of
the live bus is at an acceptable level. The rated frequency of the bus is the normal target frequency.
The concept of frequency matching when synchronizing a live bus to a dead bus refers to confirming that the frequency of
the live bus lies within the acceptable range. Typically, a threshold level is defined to set the lower bound of what
constitutes an acceptable frequency, and the frequency of the live bus is considered to be matched whenever it is above
this threshold.

29BConditions for Synchronization Using the AS800 3BOPERATION

Since, when synchronizing a live bus to a dead bus, one of the two buses that are to be connected has no signal, the
voltage levels of the two buses do not need to be matched. However, it is normally desired to ensure that the voltage of
the live bus is at an acceptable level. The rated voltage of the bus is the normal target voltage.
The concept of voltage matching when synchronizing a live bus to a dead bus refers to confirming that the voltage of the
live bus lies within the acceptable range. Typically, a threshold level is defined to set the lower bound of what constitutes
an acceptable voltage, and the voltage of the live bus is considered to be matched whenever it is above this threshold.

Phase matching is not applicable to the process of synchronizing a live bus to a dead bus, since the dead bus has no
signal, and thus no phase angle.
5.3 Conditions for Synchronization Using the AS800

There are certain conditions that must be met in order for any of the automatic synchronization functions available from
the AS800 to be performed. Some of the conditions are shared by all of the functions, but some are specific to one of the
functions. The prerequisite conditions for the automatic synchronization functions are described in the following sections.
5.3.1 Signal Quality

The AS800 requires that any live bus involved in the automatic synchronization process be good quality before it will begin
the process, regardless of the type of connection scenario. To be considered to be good quality the voltage and frequency
of the live buses must fall within the windows whose bounds are described below.
• The bus voltage must be between 50% and 110% of the expected voltage, as specified by the Secondary
Voltage Bus A (D15) and Secondary Voltage Bus B (D23) parameters.
• The bus frequency must be within the window around the value specified by the Expected Frequency (D24.1)
parameter, whose bounds are selected by the Frequency Lower Limit (D16) and Frequency Upper Limit (D17)
parameters, as shown below.
Lower bound = Expected Frequency – Frequency Lower Limit
Upper bound = Expected frequency + Frequency Upper Limit
5.3.2 Voltage and Frequency Matches

The AS800 requires that both a voltage match and a frequency match be achieved before it will begin the automatic
synchronization process, regardless of the type of connection scenario. Each of the different scenarios has its own criteria
for what constitutes a match. The AS800 indicates when voltage match and frequency match have been achieved
through the Voltage Match (R10.1) and Frequency Match (R10.3) output parameters.
5.3.3 Match Windows

Each of the different automatic synchronization functions of the AS800 establishes windows to define what constitutes a
match. The nature of the windows and their bounds varies between the different connection scenarios. Each of these
windows is described in the following sections.
5.3.3.1 Generator to Line Synchronization

For the generator to line automatic synchronization function, the AS800 establishes two windows for voltage matching and
two windows for frequency matching. The pairs of windows provide hysteresis for their associated match indication to
eliminate jitter at the edge of a window. Both windows for each target center about their target, offset voltage or slip
frequency, but one window is half as wide as the other. The smaller window is referred to as the inner window and the
larger window is referred to as the outer window.
The AS800 considers a voltage match to be achieved when the generator voltage moves into the inner voltage match
window. After a voltage match is achieved, it will persist until the generator voltage falls outside of the outer voltage match
window. Figure 5-3 illustrates the voltage match windows and the matching process.
The bounds of the inner voltage match window used to establish that a voltage match has been achieved are set by the
Bus A (line) voltage and the Offset Voltage (D12) and Dead Band Voltage (D10) parameters, according to the following
formulas.

3BOPERATION 29BConditions for Synchronization Using the AS800
Upper Bound = Bus A voltage

x (1 + Offset Voltage / 100 + (Dead Band Voltage / 100 / 4))
Lower Bound = Bus A voltage

x (1 + Offset Voltage / 100 – (Dead Band Voltage / 100 / 4))
The bounds of the outer voltage match window used to establish that a voltage match has been lost are also set by the
Bus A (line) voltage and the Offset Voltage (D12) and Dead Band Voltage (D10) parameters, but according to the
following formulas.
Upper Bound = Bus A voltage

x (1 + Offset Voltage / 100 + (Dead Band Voltage / 100 / 2))
Lower Bound = Bus A voltage

x (1 + Offset Voltage / 100 – (Dead Band Voltage / 100 / 2))
Allowable Generator
Voltage Deadband
50% Generator
Voltage Voltage Match Lost
Deadband
Voltage Match Achieved
Voltage Difference
Offset
Line Target
Voltage Generator
Voltage
Figure 5-3 Line to Generator Voltage Match Band
Likewise, the AS800 considers a frequency match to be achieved when the generator frequency moves into the inner
frequency match window. After a frequency match is achieved, it will persist until the generator frequency falls outside of
the outer frequency match window. Figure 5-4 illustrates the frequency match windows and the matching process.
The bounds of the inner frequency match window used to establish that a frequency match has been achieved are set by
the Bus A (line) frequency and the Slip Frequency (D11) and Dead Band Frequency (D9) parameters, according to the
following formulas.
Upper Bound = Bus A frequency + Slip Frequency + (Dead Band Frequency / 4)
Lower Bound = Bus A frequency + Slip Frequency – (Dead Band Frequency / 4)
The bounds of the outer frequency match window used to establish that a frequency match has been lost are also set by
the Bus A (line) frequency and the Slip Frequency (D11) and Dead Band Frequency (D9) parameters, but according to
the following formulas.
Upper Bound = Bus A frequency + Slip Frequency + (Dead Band Frequency / 2)
Lower Bound = Bus A frequency + Slip Frequency – (Dead Band Frequency / 2)

29BConditions for Synchronization Using the AS800 3BOPERATION
Allowable Generator
Frequency Deadband
50% Generator
Frequency Frequency Match Lost
Deadband
Frequency Match Achieved
Frequency Difference
Slip Frequency
Line Target
Frequency Generator
Frequency
Figure 5-4 Line to Generator Frequency Match Band
5.3.3.2 Peer Buses Synchronization

For the peer buses automatic synchronization function, the AS800 establishes a window for voltage matching and a
window for frequency matching based upon a comparison of Bus B to Bus A. Both windows center about their respective
target, the Bus A voltage or the Bus A frequency.
The AS800 considers a voltage match to be achieved when the Bus B voltage falls within the voltage match window.
The bounds of the voltage match window used to establish that a voltage match has been achieved are set by the Bus A
voltage and the Dead Band Voltage (D10) parameter, according to the following formulas.
Upper Bound = Bus A voltage + (Bus A voltage x Dead Band Voltage / 100 / 2)
Lower Bound = Bus A voltage – (Bus A voltage x Dead Band Voltage / 100 / 2)
Likewise, the AS800 considers a frequency match to be achieved when the Bus B frequency falls within the frequency
match window.
The bounds of the frequency match window used to establish that a frequency match has been achieved are set by the
Bus A frequency and the Dead Band Frequency (D9) parameter, according to the following formulas.
Upper Bound = Bus A frequency + (Dead Band Frequency / 2)
Lower Bound = Bus A frequency – (Dead Band Frequency / 2)
5.3.3.3 Dead Bus Synchronization

When synchronizing a live bus to a dead bus, the AS800 establishes a window for voltage matching and a window for
frequency matching based upon a comparison of the live bus to the specified normal values for each component of the
signal.
The lower bound of the voltage match window is set to a percentage of the target voltage. The target voltage is specified
by the Secondary Voltage Bus A (D15) parameter or the Secondary Voltage Bus B (D23) parameter, depending on
which bus is the live bus. The percentage to apply to the target voltage is specified by the Dead Bus Match Voltage
(D18) parameter. The upper bound of the voltage match window is set to 110 % of the target voltage. The calculation of
the bounds is performed according to the following formulas.
Upper Bound = Secondary Voltage x 1.10
Lower Bound = Secondary Voltage x Dead Bus Match Voltage / 100

The lower bound of the frequency match window is set to a percentage of the target frequency. The target frequency is
specified by the Expected Frequency (D24.1) parameter. The percentage to apply to the target frequency is specified by
the Dead Bus Match Frequency (D19) parameter. The upper bound of the frequency match window is set to the sum of
the target frequency and the value of the Frequency Upper Limit (D17) parameter. The calculation of the bounds is
performed according to the following formulas.

3BOPERATION 30BBus Signal Levels Reported by the AS800
Upper Bound = Expected Frequency + Frequency Upper Limit
Lower Bound = Expected Frequency x Dead Bus Match Frequency / 100
5.3.4 Independent Check Digital Output

The main breaker control function of the AS800 monitors the state of the digital output controlled by the independent
synchronization check function, and will not initiate breaker closure, even when it determines that the conditions have
been met to close the breaker, if the independent check digital output is not active.
5.3.5 Maximum Closure Angle

The AS800 ensures that no attempt is made to close the breaker at a phase angle difference that is greater than the
maximum closure angle specified by the value of the Closure Angle Maximum (D7) parameter. For the normal generator
to line automatic synchronization function, the AS800 will restrict the closure angle to values in the range of 0° to the
maximum closure angle. For the island generator to line and peer buses automatic synchronization functions, the AS800
will restrict the closure angle to values in the range of 0° to the maximum closure angle and the range of 360° down to
360° minus the maximum closure angle.
5.3.6 Stability Angle

For the generator to line automatic synchronization function, the AS800 requires that the generator signal be stable for a
specified period prior to reaching the phase angle difference at which to initiate breaker closure. The criteria for
establishing that the signal is stable are that voltage match and frequency match remain active for the entire period. The
stability period begins at an angle referred to as the stability angle and continues until the phase angle difference reaches
0°. The value of the stability angle is set by the Stability Angle (D8) parameter.
5.3.7 Dead Bus Determination

When synchronizing a live bus to a dead bus, the AS800 first verifies that one of the buses is de-energized. For the
generator to line synchronization scenario, the AS800 only checks the line, Bus A. For the peer bus synchronization
scenario, the AS800 checks both buses.
The criteria to establish that a bus is de-energized are that the voltage level of the bus is below the minimum allowed
voltage for a dead bus, as specified by the Dead Bus Voltage (D20) parameter, that the frequency of the bus is below the
minimum allowed frequency for a dead bus, as specified by the Dead Bus Frequency (D21) parameter, and that both of
these conditions persists for 10 s.
5.3.8 Enable Auto-Synchronization

The Auto-Sync Enable (D24.3) parameter must be set to a value of 1 in order for the AS800 to perform any of the
automatic synchronization functions or any of the other automatic control functions.
Many of the error status values will persist in order to allow them to be recognized. Some of these error status values will
prevent the control functions from further operation. Reset the Auto-Sync Enable (D24.3) parameter to 0 to clear the
status value to no error.
5.4 Bus Signal Levels Reported by the AS800

The AS800 constantly monitors the bus input signals and reports the values of their measured levels. The values reported
by the AS800 are listed below.
• The Bus A secondary voltage is reported by the Actual Voltage Bus A Secondary (R2) output parameter.
• The Bus A frequency is reported by the Actual Frequency Bus A (R3) output parameter.
• The calculated Bus A primary voltage is reported by the Actual Voltage Bus A Primary (R8) output parameter.
This value is calculated as the product of the Actual Voltage Bus A Secondary (R2) value and the ratio of the
Primary Voltage Bus A (D14) parameter to the Secondary Voltage Bus A (D15) parameter.
• The Bus B secondary voltage is reported by the Actual Voltage Bus B Secondary (R4) output parameter.
• The Bus B frequency is reported by the Actual Frequency Bus B (R5) output parameter.
• The calculated Bus B primary voltage is reported by the Actual Voltage Bus B Primary (R9) output parameter.
This value is calculated as the product of the Actual Voltage Bus B Secondary (R4) value and the ratio of the
Primary Voltage Bus B (D22) parameter to the Secondary Voltage Bus B (D23) parameter.
• The phase angle difference between the two buses is reported by the Phase Difference (R6) output parameter.
31BSynchronizing a Generator to a Line Bus Using the AS800 3BOPERATION
5.5 Synchronizing a Generator to a Line Bus Using the AS800

The AS800 has an automatic synchronization function for closing the breaker to connect a generator to a line bus. This
function ensures that all of the criteria associated with this type of synchronization are met before any attempt is made to
close the breaker, including ensuring that the two buses have good quality and that both a voltage match and a frequency
match are achieved. This function requires that the value of the Slip Frequency (D11) parameter be greater than 0 Hz
and enforces this condition, thus ensuring that the frequency of the generator will be higher than the line when a frequency
match is achieved. This function also ensures that the generator’s output signal remains stable through the stability
window and that the maximum closure angle is not exceeded.
The generator to line bus automatic synchronization function operates according to the convention that the line input
signal is connected to the Bus A terminals of the TBU810 and the generator input signal is connected to the Bus B
terminals of the TBU810.
Set the Application Mode (D2) parameter to a value of 0 to enable the generator to line bus automatic synchronization
function in Stand-Alone mode or to a value of 8 to enable the generator to line bus automatic synchronization function in
Profibus communication mode.
The generator to line bus automatic synchronization function provides three control functions to facilitate achieving the
conditions necessary to close the breaker.
Closing the breaker is handled by the breaker closure control function. This function must be enabled for the AS800 to
initiate closure of the breaker. When enabled, it calculates the angle at which to initiate closure, based on the rate of
change in the phase angle difference and the time to close the breaker as specified by the Breaker Close Time / Hold
Time (D13) parameter, and tracks the phase angle difference until it reaches the calculated closure angle, when it will
initiate breaker closure.
The generator to line bus automatic synchronization function provides an optional control function to set the voltage level
of the generator. When enabled, it pulses raise and lower digital output signals to change the voltage level of the
generator until a voltage match is achieved. If this function is not used, then the voltage level of the generator must be
manipulated external to the AS800 in order to achieve a voltage match. The conditions that constitute a voltage match are
given is Section 5.3.3.1.
The generator to line bus automatic synchronization function provides an optional control function to set the frequency of
the generator. When enabled, it pulses raise and lower digital output signals to change the speed of the turbine, and thus
the frequency of the generator, until a frequency match is achieved. If this function is not used, then the frequency of the
generator must be manipulated external to the AS800 in order to achieve a frequency match. The conditions that
constitute a frequency match are given is Section 5.3.3.1.
5.5.1 Voltage Match Control

Set the Match Voltage Enable (D24.4) parameter to a value of 1 to enable the automatic voltage match control function.
If a voltage match has not yet been achieved and the voltage level of the generator signal is below the inner voltage match
window, then the automatic voltage match control function will pulse the Raise Volts Digital Output until a voltage match is
achieved. If a voltage match has not yet been achieved and the voltage level of the generator signal is above the inner
voltage match window, then the automatic voltage match control function will pulse the Lower Volts Digital Output until a
voltage match is achieved. The Digital Outputs will be pulsed according to the settings of the Interval R/L Volt (D3) and
Duration R/L Volt (D4) parameters.
The AS800 sets the value of the Increase Voltage (R10.10) output parameter to 1 whenever the Raise Volts Digital
Output is activated, and sets the value of the Decrease Voltage (R10.11) output parameter to 1 whenever the Lower
Volts Digital Output is activated. These output parameters may be used to manipulate the voltage level of the generator
through external means in lieu of the Digital Outputs.
Section 5.3.3.1 provides an explanation of the criteria used to establish a voltage match for the generator to line bus
automatic synchronization function.
5.5.2 Frequency Match Control

Set the Match Frequency Enable (D24.5) parameter to a value of 1 to enable the automatic frequency match control
function. If a frequency match has not yet been achieved and the frequency of the generator signal is below the inner
frequency match window, then the automatic frequency match control function will pulse the Raise Speed Digital Output
until a frequency match is achieved. If a frequency match has not yet been achieved and the frequency of the generator
signal is above the inner frequency match window, then the automatic frequency match control function will pulse the
Lower Speed Digital Output until a frequency match is achieved. These Digital Outputs will be pulsed according to the
settings of the Interval R/L Speed (D5) and Duration R/L Speed (D6) parameters.

3BOPERATION 32BSynchronizing a Generator to an Unstable Line Bus Using the AS800
The AS800 sets the value of the Increase Speed (R10.5) output parameter to 1 whenever the Raise Speed Digital Output
is activated, and sets the value of the Decrease Speed (R10.6) output parameter to 1 whenever the Lower Speed Digital
Output is activated. These output parameters may be used to manipulate the frequency of the generator through external
means in lieu of the Digital Outputs.
Section 5.3.3.1 provides an explanation of the criteria used to establish a frequency match for the generator to line bus
If the AS800 does not detect that the phase angle difference passes through the 0° position for 2 minutes without losing
frequency match, indicating that the rate of change has become near stagnant, then it will issue a single Raise Speed
Digital Output pulse and rearm the timer.
5.5.3 Breaker Closure Control

Set the Breaker Close Enable (D24.6) parameter to a value of 1 to enable the automatic breaker closure control function.
The AS800 will monitor the rate of change in the phase angle difference and calculate the appropriate angle at which to
initiate breaker closure. If voltage match and frequency match are maintained throughout the stability window, then the
AS800 performs the following actions.
• Activates the Breaker Close Digital Output to initiate breaker closure at the calculated angle.
• Sets the value of the Start Breaker Close (R10.9) output parameter to 1 to indicate that an attempt was made to
close the breaker.
• Sets the value of the Last Phase at Closure (R7) output parameter to the phase angle difference at which
breaker closure was initiated.
The Breaker Close Digital Output is held in the active state until the Breaker Status input indicates that the breaker
closed, but only for a maximum of 3 s.
The AS800 monitors the state of the breaker after initiating closure to verify that the breaker actually closed. If the breaker
closes, the AS800 suspends the synchronization process and sets the value of the Last Phase at Closure (R7) output
parameter to the phase angle difference at which breaker closure was initiated. If the breaker fails to close, the AS800 will
make additional attempts to close the breaker, until the number of attempts exceeds the value of the Attempts Breaker
Close (D1) parameter.
5.6 Synchronizing a Generator to an Unstable Line Bus Using the AS800

The AS800 has a special version of the generator to line bus automatic synchronization function for closing the breaker to
connect a generator to an unstable line bus. In configurations where the line bus does not have many generators
connected to it, or has a volatile load, the frequency of the line bus may be unstable. This situation can make it difficult to
maintain a frequency match if the restriction that the slip frequency be greater than 0° is held. The AS800 function to
handle this type of condition is called the island mode generator to line bus automatic synchronization function, because
this situation often occurs on islands.
The island mode generator to line bus automatic synchronization function ensures that all of the criteria associated with
this type of synchronization are met before any attempt is made to close the breaker, including ensuring that the two
buses have good quality and that both a voltage match and a frequency match are achieved. Unlike the standard
generator to line bus automatic synchronization function, this function does not require that the value of the Slip
Frequency (D11) parameter be greater than 0 Hz, thus allowing the phase angle difference to move in either direction.
Since the phase angle difference may move in either direction, the stability window and maximum closure angle are
mirrored on the other side of 0°. This function ensures that the generator’s output signal remains stable through the
stability window and that the maximum closure angle is not exceeded.
The island mode generator to line bus automatic synchronization function operates according to the convention that the
line input signal is connected to the Bus A terminals of the TBU810 and the generator input signal is connected to the
Bus B terminals of the TBU810.
Set the Application Mode (D2) parameter to a value of 1 to enable the island mode generator to line bus automatic
synchronization function in Stand-Alone mode or to a value of 16 to enable the island mode generator to line bus
automatic synchronization function in Profibus communication mode.
The island mode generator to line bus automatic synchronization function provides three control functions to facilitate
achieving the conditions necessary to close the breaker.
change in the phase angle difference and the time to close the breaker as specified by the Breaker Close Time / Hold
Time (D13) parameter, and tracks the phase angle difference until it reaches the calculated closure angle, when it will
initiate breaker closure.

32BSynchronizing a Generator to an Unstable Line Bus Using the AS800 3BOPERATION
The island mode generator to line bus automatic synchronization function provides an optional control function to set the
voltage level of the generator. When enabled, it pulses raise and lower digital output signals to change the voltage level of
the generator until a voltage match is achieved. If this function is not used, then the voltage level of the generator must be
manipulated external to the AS800 in order to achieve a voltage match. The conditions that constitute a voltage match are
given is Section 5.3.3.1.
The island mode generator to line bus automatic synchronization function provides an optional control function to set the
frequency of the generator. When enabled, it pulses raise and lower digital output signals to change the speed of the
turbine, and thus the frequency of the generator, until a frequency match is achieved. If this function is not used, then the
frequency of the generator must be manipulated external to the AS800 in order to achieve a frequency match. The
conditions that constitute a frequency match are given is Section 5.3.3.1.
5.6.1 Voltage Match Control

Set the Match Voltage Enable (D24.4) parameter to a value of 1 to enable the automatic voltage match control function.
If a voltage match has not yet been achieved and the voltage level of the generator signal is below the inner voltage match
window, then the automatic voltage match control function will pulse the Raise Volts Digital Output until a voltage match is
achieved. If a voltage match has not yet been achieved and the voltage level of the generator signal is above the inner
voltage match window, then the automatic voltage match control function will pulse the Lower Volts Digital Output until a
voltage match is achieved. The Digital Outputs will be pulsed according to the settings of the Interval R/L Volt (D3) and
Duration R/L Volt (D4) parameters.
The AS800 sets the value of the Increase Voltage (R10.10) output parameter to 1 whenever the Raise Volts Digital
Output is activated, and sets the value of the Decrease Voltage (R10.11) output parameter to 1 whenever the Lower
Volts Digital Output is activated. These output parameters may be used to manipulate the voltage level of the generator
through external means in lieu of the Digital Outputs.
Section 5.3.3.1 provides an explanation of the criteria used to establish a voltage match for the generator to line bus
5.6.2 Frequency Match Control

Set the Match Frequency Enable (D24.5) parameter to a value of 1 to enable the automatic frequency match control
function. If a frequency match has not yet been achieved and the frequency of the generator signal is below the inner
frequency match window, then the automatic frequency match control function will pulse the Raise Speed Digital Output
until a frequency match is achieved. If a frequency match has not yet been achieved and the frequency of the generator
signal is above the inner frequency match window, then the automatic frequency match control function will pulse the
Lower Speed Digital Output until a frequency match is achieved. These Digital Outputs will be pulsed according to the
settings of the Interval R/L Speed (D5) and Duration R/L Speed (D6) parameters.
The AS800 sets the value of the Increase Speed (R10.5) output parameter to 1 whenever the Raise Speed Digital Output
is activated, and sets the value of the Decrease Speed (R10.6) output parameter to 1 whenever the Lower Speed Digital
Output is activated. These output parameters may be used to manipulate the frequency of the generator through external
means in lieu of the Digital Outputs.
Section 5.3.3.1 provides an explanation of the criteria used to establish a frequency match for the generator to line bus
If the AS800 does not detect that the phase angle difference passes through the 0° position for 2 minutes without losing
frequency match, indicating that the rate of change has become near stagnant, then it will issue a single Raise Speed
Digital Output pulse and rearm the timer.

The AS800 will monitor the rate of change in the phase angle difference and calculate the appropriate angle at which to
initiate breaker closure. If voltage match and frequency match are maintained throughout the stability window, then the
AS800 performs the following actions.
• Activates the Breaker Close Digital Output to initiate breaker closure at the calculated angle.
close the breaker.
closes, the AS800 suspends the synchronization process. If the breaker fails to close, the AS800 will make additional

3BOPERATION 33BSynchronizing Two Peer Buses Using the AS800
attempts to close the breaker, until the number of attempts exceeds the value of the Attempts Breaker Close (D1)
parameter.
5.7 Synchronizing Two Peer Buses Using the AS800

The AS800 has an automatic synchronization function for closing the breaker to connect two peer buses. This function
ensures that all of the criteria associated with this type of synchronization are met before any attempt is made to close the
breaker, including ensuring that the two buses have good quality and that both a voltage match and a frequency match are
achieved. This function also ensures that the maximum closure angle is not exceeded.
Set the Application Mode (D2) parameter to a value of 2 to enable the peer to peer automatic synchronization function in
Stand-Alone mode or to a value of 32 to enable the peer to peer automatic synchronization function in Profibus
communication mode.
The peer to peer automatic synchronization function provides one control function to facilitate achieving the conditions
necessary to close the breaker.
change in the phase angle difference and the time to close the breaker, and tracks the phase angle difference until it
reaches the calculated closure angle, when it will initiate breaker closure.
The conditions that constitute a voltage match and a frequency match are given is Section 5.3.3.2.

The AS800 will monitor the phase angle difference between the two buses. When a phase match is achieved, the
independent check function activates the Independent Check Digital Output, and the AS800 starts an internal timer. If
voltage match, frequency match, and phase match are maintained for the amount of time specified by the Breaker Close
Time / Hold Time (D13) parameter, then the AS800,performs the following actions.
• Activates the Breaker Close Digital Output to initiate breaker closure.
close the breaker.
parameter.
5.8 Synchronizing a Live Bus to a Dead Bus Using the AS800

The AS800 has an automatic synchronization function for closing the breaker to connect either a generator or a line bus to
a dead bus. This function ensures that all of the criteria associated with this type of synchronization are met before any
attempt is made to close the breaker, including ensuring that the live bus has good quality and that both a voltage match
and a frequency match are achieved for the live bus.
The dead bus automatic synchronization function is not a separate application mode, but is enabled from within either a
generator to line bus or a peer to peer automatic synchronization function by setting the Dead Bus Enable (D24.8)
parameter to a value of 1.
Even when the dead bus automatic synchronization function is not enabled, the AS800 will monitor for a dead bus
condition. When the generator to line bus automatic synchronization function is active, the AS800 will only monitor Bus A.
When the peer to peer automatic synchronization function is active, the AS800 will monitor both buses. When a dead bus
is detected, the Actual Dead Bus Input (R10.2) output parameter is set to a value of 1. The conditions that constitute a
dead bus are given in Section 5.3.7.
When the generator to line bus automatic synchronization function is active while attempting to close the breaker to a
dead bus, the breaker closure, voltage match, and frequency match control functions are available to facilitate the
matching and closure processes, however these functions are adjusted to meet the conditions for the dead bus
synchronization function. The operation of the voltage match and frequency match control functions remains the same,
except that the target windows are changed to those given in Section 5.3.3.3. The changes in the operation of the breaker
closure control function are described in the following section.

35BDigital Inputs 3BOPERATION
When the peer to peer automatic synchronization function is active while attempting to close the breaker to a dead bus,
the breaker closure control function is available to facilitate the closure process, however this function is adjusted to meet
the conditions for the dead bus synchronization function, as described in the following section.

As soon as voltage match and frequency match are achieved and a dead bus is detected, the independent check function
activates the independent relay. When the AS800 detects that the independent relay has activated, it activates the
Breaker Close Digital Output to initiate breaker closure sets the value of the Start Breaker Close (R10.9) output
parameter to 1 to indicate that an attempt was made to close the breaker. The Breaker Close Digital Output is held in the
active state until the Breaker Status input indicates that the breaker closed, but only for a maximum of 3 s.
parameter.
5.9 Digital Inputs

The AS800 provides 8 Digital Inputs (DI’s), which are available through the TBU810 terminals. The functions of these DI’s
are described in the following sections.
Section 4.2.4 provides information about how to wire the relay state feedback signals. Sections 0 and 4.2.3 provide
information about how to wire the other DI’s.
The relay state feedback DI’s are required to be wired in order for the AS800 to initiate breaker closure. Without these
signals, the AS800 will constantly report that an error condition exists.
5.9.1 Primary Relay Feedback

The Primary Relay Feedback DI must be wired into the AS800. This signal indicates when the primary relay is energized.
The AS800 monitors the primary relay to verify that it actuates when the signal to initiate closure is issued.
The AS800 lights the LV1 LED of the CPM810 module whenever the Primary Relay Feedback DI is active.
5.9.2 Independent Relay Feedback

The Independent Relay Feedback DI must be wired into the AS800. This signal indicates when the independent check
relay is energized. The main closure control function of the AS800 monitors the state of the independent check relay and
will not initiate breaker closure if it is not active.
The AS800 lights the LV2 LED of the CPM810 module whenever the Independent Relay Feedback DI is active.
5.9.3 Breaker Status

The Breaker Status DI provides a means to supply the state of the breaker to the AS800. The AS800 will not attempt to
initiate breaker closure if this signal indicates that the breaker is already closed. The AS800 monitors the status of the
breaker after initiating breaker closure to ensure that the breaker did close. If the breaker did not close, then the AS800
will make another attempt, until the number of attempts reaches the value given by the Attempts Breaker Close (D1)
parameter.
This input is duplicated in the Profibus interface through the Main Breaker Status (D24.7) parameter. The AS800
considers the breaker to be closed if either of the sources for this input indicates that the breaker is closed.
The Breaker Feedback Configuration (D24.2) parameter specifies whether the Breaker Status DI will indicate that the
breaker is closed when the input signal is high or when the input signal is low. The Main Breaker Status (D24.7)
parameter always indicates that the breaker is closed when it is set to a value of 1.
The AS800 sets the value of the Module Breaker Status (R10.4) output parameter to 1 and lights the DI2 LED of the
CPM810 module whenever either the Breaker Status DI or the Main Breaker Status (D24.7) parameter indicates that the
breaker is closed.
5.9.4 Auto-Sync Enable

The Auto-Sync Enable DI is used to enable the operation of the selected automatic synchronization function of the AS800
when the AS800 is operating in the Stand-Alone mode.
This input is duplicated in the Profibus interface through the Auto-Sync Enable (D24.3) parameter. When Profibus
communication is active, the value of this parameter overrides the value of the DI.
3BOPERATION 36BDigital Outputs
Regardless of the source of the permissive, the AS800 lights the LV3 LED of the CPM810 module whenever Auto-Sync is
enabled.
5.9.5 Frequency Match Enable

The Frequency Match Enable DI is used to enable the operation of the frequency match control function of the generator
to line bus automatic synchronization functions of the AS800 when the AS800 is operating in the Stand-Alone mode.
This input is duplicated in the Profibus interface through the Match Frequency Enable (D24.5) parameter. When Profibus
Regardless of the source of the permissive, the AS800 lights the LV5 LED of the CPM810 module whenever Frequency
Match is enabled.
5.9.6 Breaker Close Enable

The Breaker Close Enable DI is used to enable the operation of the breaker closure control function of any of the
automatic synchronization functions of the AS800 when the AS800 is operating in the Stand-Alone mode.
This input is duplicated in the Profibus interface through the Breaker Close Enable (D24.6) parameter. When Profibus
Regardless of the source of the permissive, the AS800 lights the LV6 LED of the CPM810 module whenever Breaker
Closure is enabled.
5.9.7 Voltage Match Enable

The Voltage Match Enable DI is used to enable the operation of the voltage match control function of the generator to line
bus automatic synchronization functions of the AS800 when the AS800 is operating in the Stand-Alone mode.
This input is duplicated in the Profibus interface through the Match Voltage Enable (D24.4) parameter. When Profibus
Regardless of the source of the permissive, the AS800 lights the LV4 LED of the CPM810 module whenever Voltage
Match is enabled.
5.9.8 Dead Bus Enable

The Dead Bus Enable DI is used to enable the operation of the dead bus automatic synchronization function of the AS800
when the AS800 is operating in the Stand-Alone mode.
This input is duplicated in the Profibus interface through the Dead Bus Enable (D24.8) parameter. When Profibus
Regardless of the source of the permissive, the AS800 lights the DI1 LED of the CPM810 module whenever Dead Bus
Closure is enabled.
5.10 Digital Outputs

The AS800 provides 6 Digital Outputs (DO’s), which are available through the use of one or more attached ROM810
module(s). The ROM810 contains terminals that provide connections to dry contacts from a pair of relays that serve to
facilitate the operation of the switching action. The functions of these DO’s are described in the following sections. These
DO’s are tied to the automatic control functions within the AS800 and will be activated when the AS800 determines that a
condition exists that warrants it.
Section 4.5 describes how to configure the ROM810 module. The DO function assigned to each dipswitch selection of the
ROM810 is listed in Table 4-5.
5.10.1 Raise Volts

The automatic voltage matching control function of the AS800 used when synchronizing a generator to a line bus activates
this DO to increase the voltage level of the generator output signal. This DO will be pulsed according to the settings of the
Interval R/L Volt (D3) and Duration R/L Volt (D4) parameters until a voltage match is achieved.
The AS800 lights the DO1 LED of the CPM810 module whenever this DO is active.

37BStand-Alone versus Profibus Operation 3BOPERATION
5.10.2 Lower Volts

The automatic voltage matching control function of the AS800 used when synchronizing a generator to a line bus activates
this DO to decrease the voltage level of the generator output signal. This DO will be pulsed according to the settings of
the Interval R/L Volt (D3) and Duration R/L Volt (D4) parameters until a voltage match is achieved.
5.10.3 Breaker Close

The AS800 activates this DO to initiate breaker closure. This DO is used by all of the automatic synchronization functions.
5.10.4 Raise Speed

The automatic frequency matching control function of the AS800 used when synchronizing a generator to a line bus
activates this DO to increase the speed of the turbine and thus the frequency of the generator output signal. This DO will
be pulsed according to the settings of the Interval R/L Speed (D5) and Duration R/L Speed (D6) parameters until a
frequency match is achieved.
5.10.5 Lower Speed

The automatic frequency matching control function of the AS800 used when synchronizing a generator to a line bus
activates this DO to decrease the speed of the turbine and thus the frequency of the generator output signal. This DO will
be pulsed according to the settings of the Interval R/L Speed (D5) and Duration R/L Speed (D6) parameters until a
frequency match is achieved.
5.10.6 Independent Check

The independent check function of the AS800 activates this DO to confirm that it has determined that the main
synchronization function may attempt to initiate breaker closure. This DO is used in conjunction with all of the automatic
synchronization functions.
5.11 Stand-Alone versus Profibus Operation

The AS800 may be configured and monitored by one of two communication methods:
• Via a Profibus network.
• Via RS-232 serial communication and digital inputs.
When the AS800 is communicating with a controller via Profibus, all configuration settings and function permissives are
established by the data sent by the controller via Profibus. Likewise, status values and bus signal readings are sent to the
controller via Profibus. The values sent to the AS800 via Profibus override the values sent via the serial communication
interface and the Digital Inputs.
When the Profibus communication is not active, the AS800 reverts to Stand-Alone operation. In stand-alone operation,
the configuration settings are established by the values sent to the AS800 via the serial input. Likewise, the status values
and bus signal readings are reported via the serial output. The digital inputs are used to set the state of the function
permissives. A Modbus protocol interface is provided to facilitate these communication functions. The values of the
configuration parameters may also be set using terminal commands, when the Modbus interface is not used.
5.12 Stand-Alone Mode

The AS800 may be operated in a stand-alone mode of operation. The AS800 enters the Stand-Alone mode whenever
Profibus communication is not present. Selecting one of the stand-alone application modes via the Application Mode
(D2) parameter will force the AS800 to operate in Stand-Alone mode.
When the AS800 is operating in Stand-Alone mode, the five permissive values are controlled by Digital Input signals
connected to the TBU810. Refer to Sections 0 and 4.2.3 for examples of how to wire the digital inputs to the AS800.
In the absence of Profibus communication, the parameter settings of the AS800 must be entered via the serial interface
available through the SIM810 module. The values of the parameters may be set using commands entered through the

3BOPERATION 38BStand-Alone Mode
terminal interface or by using the Modbus communication protocol. The following sections describe how to use each of
these two methods.
5.12.1 Configuring the AS800 via Modbus

The AS800 has a built-in Modbus interface available through the RS-232 serial interface that may be used to configure
and monitor the operation of the module. The AS800 contains a set of Holding Registers to set the values of the
configuration parameters and it contains a set of Input Registers to retrieve the values of the output parameters while the
module is operating in Stand-Alone mode. Use the serial port of a Modbus master to connect to the AS800 via the
SIM810 module. Table 5-1 lists the Holding Registers available through the Modbus interface. Table 5-2 lists the Input
Registers available through the Modbus interface.
The Holding Register values correspond directly to the Profibus parameters sent from the master to the AS800 and their
corresponding bounds as listed in Section 4.7.1, with one exception. The Stand Alone DI Source parameter is only
available via the Modbus interface. This parameter allows the Modbus master to set the values of the five permissive
parameters in place of the Digital Input signals. The Input Register values correspond directly to the Profibus output
parameters sent to the master from the AS800 as listed in Section 4.7.2.
The registers identified as Real type span two registers, with the most significant half of the 32-bit value residing in the
register with the lower number and the least significant half of the 32-bit value residing in the register with the higher
number. The registers identified as Compressed Boolean type contain 16 Boolean values, not all of which are used. The
value assigned to each individual Boolean value is listed in the table for each register of this type.
Use the DIP switch located on the bottom of the CPM810 module to select the slave address for
Modbus communication. If the AS800 will not utilize Profibus communication, then addresses 0
– 63 are valid; otherwise the normal Profibus restrictions apply, as stated in Section 4.3. The
AS800 automatically adds 128 to the value selected by the switch to use for its Modbus slave
address. This means that the corresponding valid range of addresses that may be selected in
the Modbus master is 128 – 191.
Register Type Parameter

0 Integer Attempts Breaker Close (D1)
1 Integer Application Mode (D2)
2, 3 Real Interval R/L Volt (D3)
4, 5 Real Duration R/L Volt (D4)
6, 7 Real Interval R/L Speed (D5)
8, 9 Real Duration R/L Speed (D6)
10, 11 Real Closure Angle Maximum (D7)
12, 13 Real Stability Angle (D8)
14, 15 Real Dead Band Frequency (D9)
16, 17 Real Dead Band Voltage (D10)
18, 19 Real Slip Frequency (D11)
20, 21 Real Offset Voltage (D12)
22, 23 Real Breaker Close Time / Hold Time (D13)
24, 25 Real Primary Voltage Bus A (D14)
26, 27 Real Secondary Voltage Bus A (D15)
28, 29 Real Frequency Lower Limit (D16)
30, 31 Real Frequency Upper Limit (D17)

38BStand-Alone Mode 3BOPERATION

32, 33 Real Dead Bus Match Voltage (D18)
34, 35 Real Dead Bus Match Frequency (D19)
36, 37 Real Dead Bus Voltage (D20)
38, 39 Real Dead Bus Frequency (D21)
40, 41 Real Primary Voltage Bus B (D22)
42, 43 Real Secondary Voltage Bus B (D23)
Function Enabling: The meaning of each bit is listed
below. The LSB is numbered 0.
0 = Expected Frequency (D24.1)
1 = Breaker Feedback Configuration (D24.2)
2 = Auto-Sync Enable (D24.3)
Compressed 3 = Match Voltage Enable (D24.4)
44
Boolean
4 = Match Frequency Enable (D24.5)
5 = Breaker Close Enable (D24.6)
6 = Main Breaker Status (D24.7)
7 = Dead Bus Enable (D24.8)
15 = Stand Alone DI Source
Table 5-1 Modbus Holding Registers

0 Integer Status Code (R1)
1, 2 Real Actual Voltage Bus A Secondary (R2)
3, 4 Real Actual Frequency Bus A (R3)
5, 6 Real Actual Voltage Bus B Secondary (R4)
7, 8 Real Actual Frequency Bus B (R5)
9, 10 Real Phase Difference (R6)
11, 12 Real Last Phase at Closure (R7)
13, 14 Real Actual Voltage Bus A Primary (R8)
15, 16 Real Actual Voltage Bus B Primary (R9)
Status Indicators: The meaning of each bit is listed
below. The LSB is numbered 0.
0 = Voltage Match (R10.1)
1 = Actual Dead Bus Input (R10.2)
2 = Frequency Match (R10.3)
Compressed 3 = Module Breaker Status (R10.4)
17
Boolean
4 = Increase Speed (R10.5)
5 = Decrease Speed (R10.6)
6 = Quality A (R10.7)
7 = Quality B (R10.8)
8 = Start Breaker Close (R10.9)
Table 5-2 Modbus Input Registers

3BOPERATION 38BStand-Alone Mode
5.12.2 Configuring the AS800 via Terminal Commands

The AS800 has a set of built-in commands available through the terminal interface that may be used to set the values of
the configuration parameters and display the values of the output parameters while the module is operating in Stand-Alone
mode. Use the serial port of a PC or laptop computer along with a terminal program, such as HyperTerminal, to connect
to the AS800 via the SIM810 module. Table 5-3 lists the commands available through the terminal interface.
Name Type Syntax Description

Help R help Display the list of commands.
Status R stat Display the message status.
Phase Close R clph Display the calculated closure angle.
Phase Difference R phd Display the phase difference between A and B.
Display the rate of change in the phase difference
Phase Rate R rate
between A and B.
Bus B Voltage R busbv Display the voltage at Bus B.
Bus B Frequency R busbf Display the frequency at Bus B.
Bus A Voltage R busav Display the voltage at Bus A.
Bus A Frequency R busaf Display the frequency at Bus A.
Slip Frequency W slipf x.x Enter the slip frequency, where X.X is the value in Hz.
Dead band Enter the slip frequency dead band, where X.X is the
W deadf x.x
frequency value in Hz.
Enter the maximum close angle, where X.X is the value
Close Angle Max W clmax x.x
in degrees.
Enter the offset voltage, where X.X is the value in
Offset Voltage W slipv x.x
percent.
Enter the offset voltage dead band, where X.X is the
Dead band voltage W deadv x.x
value in percent.
Pulse Duration Enter the frequency raise/lower pulse duration, where
W tdurf x.x
Frequency X.X is the value in seconds.
Pulse Interval Enter the interval between frequency raise/lower pulses,
W tintf x.x
Frequency where X.X is the value in seconds.
Pulse Duration Enter the voltage raise/lower pulse duration, where X.X
W tdurv x.x
Voltage is the value in seconds.
Pulse Interval Enter the interval between voltage raise/lower pulses,
W tintv x.x
Voltage where X.X is the value in seconds.
Breaker Close Enter the time to close the breaker, where X.X is the
W tclbr x.x
Time value in seconds.
Enter the stability angle, where X.X is the value in
Stability Angle W astab x.x
degrees.
Number of
W atmpt x Enter the number of attempts, where X is the number.
Attempts
Frequency Low Enter the offset frequency for the lower limit of the good
W freql x.x
Limit quality window, where X.X is the value in Hz.
Frequency High Enter the offset frequency for the upper limit of the good
W freqh x.x
Limit quality window, where X.X is the value in Hz.
Dead Bus Enter the dead bus voltage threshold, where X.X is the
W dbusv x.x
Threshold, Volts value in volts
Dead Bus Enter the dead bus frequency threshold, where X.X is
W dbusf x.x
Threshold, Freq. the value in Hz.
Dead Bus Voltage Enter the dead bus voltage match threshold, where X.X
W mbusv x.x
Match is the value in percent.
38BStand-Alone Mode 3BOPERATION
Name Type Syntax Description

Dead Bus Freq. Enter the dead bus frequency match threshold, where
W mbusf x.x
Match X.X is the value in percent.
Primary Voltage Enter the expected primary side voltage of the Bus A
W prima x.x
Bus A PT, where X.X is the value in volts.
Secondary Voltage Enter the expected secondary side voltage of the Bus A
W scnda x.x
Bus A PT, where X.X is the value in volts.
Primary Voltage Enter the expected primary side voltage of the Bus B
W primb x.x
Bus B PT, where X.X is the value in volts.
Secondary Voltage Enter the expected secondary side voltage of the Bus B
W scndb x.x
Bus B PT, where X.X is the value in volts.
Main Breaker Enter the main breaker status feedback active level,
W mbsfp x
Feedback where X is 1 (active high) or 0 (active low).
Enter the expected frequency, where X is 1 (50 Hz) or 0
Primary Frequency W freqp x
(60 Hz).
Application Mode W modes x Enter the application mode (0, 2, 8, or 32).
Synchronizer
R dump Display the values of the Profibus output parameters.
Status
Firmware Upgrade W upgrade Informs the module that a firmware upgrade is desired.
EEPROM Values W eedump Display the values stored in the EEPROM.
EEPROM Status W eestatus Display the status code of the EEPROM.
Display Parameters W display Display the internal parameter values.
Micro controller
R ucst Display of the pertinent values from IndiCheck.
Status
Micro controller
W ucre Resets the IndiCheck micro controller.
Reset
Software Revision R rev Display the revision of the CPM810 software image.
Table 5-3 Terminal Commands
5.12.3 EIM810 Status Indication

If an EIM810 is connected to the AS800, it will use the first Digital Output to indicate the status of the AS800. There are
two conditions within the AS800 that will activate this Digital Output, which are listed below.
The AS800 has exceeded the maximum number of attempts to close the breaker.
The main processor of the CPM810 has lost communication with the processor of the ASM810, indicating a failure of that
processor.
The first condition is cleared by removing the Auto-Synchronize permissive. If this indicator persists after disabling the
Auto-Synchronize permissive, then the second condition exists.

3BOPERATION 39BStatus Messages
5.13 Status Messages

The Status Code (R1) output parameter reports the functional status of the AS800. Status values are reported based on
the polarity and magnitude of the status code. Only the most negative number is provided. Table 5-4 lists the status
codes and their meanings.
When a generator to line bus automatic synchronization function is active, the status is reset to zero:
• When the current value enters the stability window
• Whenever Auto-Sync Enable is deactivated.
When a peer to peer automatic synchronization function is active, the status is reset to zero whenever Auto-Sync Enable
is deactivated.
# Name Description
The breaker is closed. This value is reported when the breaker closes as
1 Breaker Closed
a result of an initiation for closure by the AS800.
0 No Error No Error.
-1 This code is not used.
Voltage mismatch or frequency mismatch was detected.

In Line/Generator modes, detected between stability angle and
calculated closure angle and after Auto-Sync Enable becomes active.
In Line/Generator Dead Bus modes, detected after Auto-Sync Enable
-2 Error Match becomes active.
In Peer/Peer modes, detected between ±User Max Closure Angle and
after Auto-Sync Enable becomes active.
In Peer/Peer Dead Bus modes, detected after Auto-Sync Enable
becomes active.
-3 Error Quality Either Bus A or Bus B is outside of the acceptable good quality window.
An error occurred in the final moments before actuation of the close

breaker relay. The error could be loss of voltage match, loss of
-4 Error Status
frequency match, closure angle exceeds the maximum, or IndiCheck
failure.
-5 Error Polarity In Line/Generator modes, Bus B lags Bus A.
The number of attempts set by the user for breaker closure has been
-6 Error Attempts
exceeded.
The angle to initiate breaker closure exceeds the maximum closure angle
-7 Error Close Max
set by the user.
-8 Error Parameter The user entered a parameter that exceeds the valid range.
-9 Error Relay Premature or delayed actuation of primary relay or independent relay.
-10 Error Microcontroller Failure to communicate with IndiCheck micro controller.
Table 5-4 Status Messages

40BPreventive Maintenance 4BMAINTENANCE
6. MAINTENANCE
6.1 Preventive Maintenance

Periodically (every six months) or during a plant shutdown, inspect modules and clean any dust accumulation with a static
safe vacuum cleaner.
6.2 Hardware Indicators
6.2.1 AS800 LED

LED Description
R/F Health LED. If power is ok the LED is green. On power failure, the LED is either red or off.
RxTxA Profibus Bus A communication. The LED is on if the module is communicating over Bus A
RxTxB Profibus Bus B communication. The LED is on if the module is communicating over Bus B
Primary/backup. The LED is on if the module is the primary module. The LED is off if it is the
PRI
backup. For simplex modules the LED is on if running.
LV1 Primary Relay Feedback. The LED is ON if the Primary Relay is closed.
LV2 Independent Relay Feedback. The LED is ON if the independent Relay is closed.
LV3 Auto-synchronization Enabled. The LED is ON if Auto-synchronization is enabled.
LV4 Voltage Match Enabled. The LED is ON if Voltage Match is enabled.
LV5 Frequency Match Enabled. The LED is ON if Frequency Match is enabled.
LV6 Breaker Close Enable. The LED is ON if Breaker Close is enabled.
HV1 Input B. The LED is ON if Bus A is within 50-110% of the expected range.
HV2 Input A. The LED is ON if Bus B is within 50-110% of the expected range.
DI1 Dead Bus Enable. The LED is ON if Dead Bus enable is active.
DI2 Breaker Closed. The LED is ON if the Breaker is closed.
DO1 Raise Volts. The LED is ON when the Raise Volts Relay is active.
DO2 Lower Volts. The LED is ON when the Lower Volts Relay is active.
DO3 Raise Frequency. The LED is ON when the Raise Frequency Relay is active.
DO4 Lower Frequency. The LED is ON when the Lower Frequency Relay is active.
DO5 Primary Relay. The LED is ON when the Primary Close Breaker Relay is active.
DO6 Independent Relay. The LED is ON when the Independent Relay is active.
Table 6-1 CPM810 LEDs
LED Description
Health LED. If power is ok, the LED is green. On power failure, the LED is either red or
R/F
off.

4BMAINTENANCE 42BTroubleshooting
Table 6-2 ASM810 LED
6.3 Troubleshooting
Symptom Possible Causes Corrective Action
No power to module Check +24V power. Check fuses.

ASM810 LED is OFF
Software is not running Reseat the modules and ensure full insertion.
Set the address switch on the CPM810 to the
Improper Address
proper address.
Cable not connected
Adjust cable connector.
properly
No Profibus Cable not terminated The last connector needs to be terminated.

Communication
Improper configuration See Profibus Instruction manual for proper
settings configuration settings.
Profibus master not
See troubleshooting guide for Profibus master.
communicating
Module error Replace CPM810.
Voltage Match not enabled Set Voltage Match Enable Boolean to 1.
No Voltage Control
Parameters either too wide
Adjust voltage match parameters.
or too narrow
Frequency Match not
Set Frequency Match Enable Boolean to 1.
enabled
No Speed Control
Parameters either too wide
Adjust frequency match parameters.
or too narrow
Bus voltage out of range Adjust voltage regulator to within range.
Bus Quality Error
Bus frequency out of
Adjust speed to within range.
range
Voltage is not matched Set Voltage Match Enable Boolean to 1.
Frequency is not matched Set Frequency Match Enable Boolean to 1.
Close Breaker not enabled Set Close Breaker Boolean to 1.
Number of retries exceed Toggle Close Breaker Boolean to 0 and back to 1.
Breaker does not close
Loses voltage match
Stabilize the Bus voltage.
within stability window
Loses frequency match
Stabilize turbine speed.
within stability window
Internal error Replace module.
Breaker does not close Parameters not set
Adjust Breaker closure parameters.
at proper angle properly

43BModule Replacement 4BMAINTENANCE
Symptom Possible Causes Corrective Action
Set the Breaker Close Enable Boolean.

Reset the Deadbus Enable Boolean.
Deadbus Enable not set
properly Wait at least 10 seconds for module to recognize
Will not close on the deadbus condition.
deadbus Set the Deadbus Enable Boolean.
Verify there is a deadbus. There may be noise
Module does not
present on the bus, if so adjust the deadbus
recognize a deadbus
parameters to account for this noise.
One or more parameters
Parameter Error Correct parameter error
are out of range
The primary & Check the ROM810 for proper activation. Verify
Relay Error independent relays do not the wiring is correct. If everything is correct replace
agree. module.
Table 6-3 Troubleshooting Decision Matrix
6.4 Module Replacement
6.4.1 General
All modules are designed for long, trouble-free service. If it is determined that the module is faulty, replace it with a new
one. DO NOT try to repair the module as replacing components may adversely affect the module's performance and void
the warranty. If it becomes necessary to replace any parts, contact the ABB Customer Service Department.
All modules can be exchanged on-line with the process power supply connected. However, it is important to understand
the consequences of a module exchange on-line and how it affects the process. Replacement of a module affects all
channels on the module. It also sometimes indirectly affects the outputs, via some application function, on another
module.
6.4.2 Replacement
Replace faulty or suspect modules in the following way:
• Provide access to the module by loosening the module locking device.
• Grip the module firmly and extract the module.
• Store extracted modules in anti-static envelopes.
• Insert the new module carefully and completely.
• Ensure that the module contacts mate properly with the contacts in the TBU810 and activate the locking device in
place.
Modules initialize automatically and will begin to execute in a few seconds.
6.4.3 Returning a Module

When returning a module, first obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number. Be sure to show this number
prominently on the outside of the shipping container, on the shipping label, and on the packing list.
Include the part description, the part number, the serial number, and the symptoms of the problem. Please provide as
much information as possible.
6.5 Firmware Upgrade

Firmware upgrades are performed via the RS-232 communication port of the AS800. A SIM810 module is required to
connect this port to a standard serial communication cable. Access this port via a communication program that is capable
of file transfer using the 1K Xmodem transfer protocol at a rate of 115.2 KBaud, such as HyperTerminal.
6.5.1 Upgrading from Version 5.0.2 or Later

Configure the terminal connection settings according to Table 6-4 and connect the terminal program to the AS800.
4BMAINTENANCE 44BFirmware Upgrade
Parameter Setting
Bits per second 115200
Data bits 8
Parity None
Stop bits 1
Flow control None
Table 6-4 RS-232 Communication Settings for Version 5.0.2 or Later
Perform the following procedure to load new firmware to the AS800.
1. Type “UPGRADE” at the “>” prompt, press the ENTER key and verify that the “ABB>” prompt is displayed on
the screen.
2. If a new boot loader is to be downloaded, continue to the next step, otherwise skip to step 10.
3. At the prompt type “dl boot” and then press the ENTER key.
4. Verify that “Ready to receive file. Use XMODEM Protocol for transmission” appears on the screen. After
that, “C” and “$” characters will begin to appear on the screen. If you do not transfer a file within
approximately 30 seconds, the connection will timeout and step 3 will need to be repeated.
5. Select the Boot Loader file to transfer in the communication program and set the transfer protocol to 1K
Xmodem.
6. Begin the file transfer. File transfer can be rejected at any time by either side (the communication program or
the AS800). Causes for the rejection can be a CRC 16 check error, transmission timeout, loss of physical
connection, etc. The communication program will display an error message if the transfer is terminated. In
this case, check the physical connection and re-send the file.
7. The transfer will take approximately 10 seconds to complete. The AS800 will then program the flash memory
of the CPM810 module. This will take approximately 5 seconds to complete.
8. When programming is complete the AS800 will automatically restart.
the screen.
10. At the prompt type “dl” and then press the ENTER key.
that, “C” and “$” characters will begin to appear on the screen. If you do not transfer a file within approximately
30 seconds, the connection will timeout and step 10 will need to be repeated.
12. Select the file to transfer in the communication program and set the transfer protocol to 1K Xmodem.
14. Begin the file transfer. File transfer can be rejected at any time by either side (the communication
program or the AS800). Causes for the rejection can be a CRC 16 check error, transmission timeout,
loss of physical connection, etc. The communication program will display an error message if the
transfer is terminated. In this case, check the physical connection and re-send the file. The transfer will
take approximately 2 minutes to complete. The AS800 will then program the flash memory of the
CPM810 module. This will take approximately 30 seconds to complete.
If the AS800 does not complete programming the flash memory, the AS800 will not operate.
The CPM810 module must be replaced and returned to ABB Inc. to be programmed.
15. When programming is complete the AS800 will automatically restart.
16. If the flash memory of the ASM810 module needs to be reprogrammed, it will be done at this time.

44BFirmware Upgrade 4BMAINTENANCE
6.5.2 Upgrading from Version 3.0.3 or Earlier

Configure the terminal connection settings according to Table 6-5 and connect the terminal program to the AS800.
Parameter Setting
Bits per second 57600
Data bits 8
Parity None
Stop bits 1
Flow control None
Table 6-5 RS-232 Communication Settings for Version 3.0.3 or Earlier
Upgrading an AS800 to Version 5.0.2 or later from an earlier version requires that a new version of the Boot Loader
be installed. Perform the following procedure to load the new Boot Loader and firmware to the AS800.
the screen.
2. At the prompt type “dl boot” and then press the ENTER key. For older versions of the firmware you may see
“ddll bboooott” on the screen.
4. Select the Boot Loader file to transfer in the communication program and set the transfer protocol to 1K
Xmodem.
connection, etc. The communication program will display an error message if the transfer is terminated. In this
case, check the physical connection and re-send the file.
6. The transfer will take approximately 10 seconds to complete. The AS800 will then program the flash memory of
the CPM810 module. This will take approximately 5 seconds to complete.
7. When programming is complete the AS800 will automatically restart. At this point garbage characters will begin
to be displayed on the terminal screen.
8. Disconnect the terminal program from the AS800. Change the BAUD rate of the terminal to 115200.
Reconnect the terminal program to the AS800.
9. Press the ENTER key and verify that the “ABB>” prompt is displayed on the screen. If the “>” prompt is
displayed on the screen, type “UPGRADE” and press the ENTER key, and then verify that the “ABB>” prompt
is displayed on the screen.
10. At the prompt type “dl” and then press the ENTER key.
12. Select the firmware file to transfer in the communication program and set the transfer protocol to 1K Xmodem.
connection, etc. The communication program will display an error message if the transfer is terminated. In this
case, check the physical connection and re-send the file.
14. The transfer will take approximately 2 minutes to complete. The AS800 will then program the flash memory of
the CPM810 module. This will take approximately 30 seconds to complete.
If the AS800 does not complete programming the flash memory, the AS800 will not operate.
The CPM810 module must be replaced and returned to ABB Inc. to be programmed.
the screen.

4BMAINTENANCE 44BFirmware Upgrade
16. At the prompt type “pld” and then press the ENTER key. This will force the AS800 to program the PLD the next
time it restarts.
17. At the prompt type “reset” and then press the ENTER key. This will force the AS800 to restart.
18. The AS800 will program the PLD, which will take 30-45 seconds to complete. Do not interrupt the AS800 while
it is programming the PLD. When the AS800 completes programming the PLD, it will display the “ABB>” prompt
on the screen.
19. At the prompt type “reset” and then press the ENTER key. This will force the AS800 to restart.
20. If the flash memory of the ASM810 module needs to be reprogrammed, it will be done automatically at this time.

45BAS800 Product Specifications 5BSPECIFICATIONS
7. SPECIFICATIONS
7.1 AS800 Product Specifications

GENERAL
Microprocessors MCF5272 with 16 MB Flash, 25 MHz, 16 MB DRAM
System Communications Profibus DP
Module Mounting Each module occupies one slot in a Termination Base Unit (TBU810)
I/O Termination Termination Base Unit (TBU810)
TBU810 Cabinet Mounting Standard 35mm DIN Rail

TU Terminal Blocks 24A/250VCompression:0.2–4 mm2 [solid] / 0.2–2.5 mm2 [stranded] / 24–12 AWG
OPERATING
Low Voltage (LV1-6) Up to 48 volts
High Voltage (HV1-2) Up to 150 VAC/VDC
Digital Inputs (DI1-2) Up to 150 VAC/VDC
Digital Output (DO1-6) Dry Relay Contact (2-Form C) 3A @ 150 VDC / 5A @ 120 VAC
ELECTRICAL
Module Operating +24 VDC ±5% @ 264 mA typical
Module Consumption 6.4 W typical
Field I/O Power via TBU810 +24 VDC (fused @ ¼ amp)
ROM810 Normal Operating +24 VDC ±5% @ 0.02 A Typical De-Energized (Both Coils)
(No Field I/O) +24 VDC ±5% @ 0.17 A Typical Energized (Both Coils)
PERFORMANCE
Analog Inputs (Voltage) 1 % of Full Scale

Analog Inputs (Frequency) ± 0.01 Hz
Phase Difference ± 0.1 degrees
ENVIRONMENTAL
CE Mark This product, when installed in a cabinet, was designed to comply with the
EMC96 Directive following Directives/Standards for CE Marking.
(89/336/EEC) EN50082-2 Generic Immunity Standard - Part 2: Industrial Environment
Low Voltage Directive EN61010-1 Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement,
(73/23/EEC) Control and Laboratory Use - Part 1: General Requirements
Certifications
This card was designed for use as process control equipment in an ordinary (non-
Canadian Standards hazardous) location.
Association (CSA)
Ambient Temperature 0° to 55° C (32° to 131° F)
5% to 90% RH (±5%) up to 55°C (non-condensing)
Humidity
5% to 40% RH (±5%) up to 70°C (non-condensing)
Atmospheric Pressure Sea level to 3 km (1.86 miles)
Air Quality Non-corrosive
Installation Category Category II per ANSI/ISA-S82.01-1994

6BREVISION HISTORY 45BAS800 Product Specifications
8. REVISION HISTORY
Rev. Date / Initial
04/2004 0 Preliminary release. 04/2004 / AMD
08/2004 A Original release. 08/2004 / AMD
09/2004 A.1 General update and layout revision. 09/2004 / KD
10/2004 A.2 Replaced the title page graphics. 10/2004 / KD
04/2006 B Replaced the title page graphics; changed term MTU to TBU810; added graphics for 04/2006 / KD
module installation, terminal layout, and switches; added a graphics to show input wiring
connections; expanded the troubleshooting table; added a section to describe the
firmware upgrade procedure.
07/2008 3.0 General layout adjustments, especially to tables; added detailed descriptions of the 07/2008 / KD,
Profibus parameters and reported values; replaced the AS800 block diagram with a SLM
description of the AS800 functions; replaced flow charts in Conditions for
Synchronization with descriptions, equations, tables, and diagrams; added table for
meaning of ASM810 LED indications; added a performance section to the specifications
table; removed separate specification tables for the field input signals.
02/2009 5.0.2 Replaced the title page graphics; changed listed serial BAUD rate from 57.6 Kbs to 02/2009 / SLM
115.2 Kbs; added restriction of use of 7th Profibus address switch; modified the ROM810
contact to terminal assignment diagram; added a section to describe the ROM810 v2.0;
added a section to describe the firmware upgrade procedure from pre-5.0.2 firmware
versions.
04/2010 5.0.2.7 Added a drawing of the Rev 2 TBU810 to the TBU810 configuration section; added table 04/2010 / SLM
to configure jumpers on the TBU810; corrected the ROM810 V2 contact to terminal
assignment diagram; added Island mode to the list of application modes; added
explanation of breaker control in Island mode; improved the match window diagrams;
corrected condition for clearing reported status value to “Whenever Auto-Sync Enable is
deactivated”; added steps to upgrade the boot loader to the 5.0.2 or later firmware
upgrade procedure; removed “pending” from the CE Mark and CSA certifications in the
specifications table.
03/2011 5.0.2.8 Removed the relay feedback wiring from the Digital Inputs wiring description sections; 03/2011 / SLM
added a section to describe the connections for the relay feedback wiring; added ID
codes to all parameters and reported values; added navigational links to all section,
table, and parameter references; improved the detailed Profibus parameter descriptions;
added section to describe the synchronization process; rewrote the Conditions for
Synchronization, Line / Generator, Peer / Peer, and stand-alone operation sections;
added sections to describe Island mode, synchronizing a live bus to a dead bus, the bus
signals reported by the AS800, the digital inputs, and the digital outputs.
03/2011 5.1 Added descriptions and wiring diagrams for using an EIM810 module; added the 03/2011 / SLM
Increase Volts and Decrease Volts Profibus output values to the short and detailed
parameter description sections, added a section to describe the Modbus interface.

ABB Ltd. Notice
Document Number 2VAA000334 Rev 5.1

The information in this document is subject to
Business Unit Power Generation change without notice and should not be
P.O. BOX 8131 construed as a commitment by ABB. ABB
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2VAA000334 en S Turbine Auto Synchronizer AS800 Product Guide

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2VAA000334 en S Turbine Auto Synchronizer AS800 Product Guide

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Symphony Plus

S+ Turbine: Auto Synchronizer AS800

Auto Synchronizer AS800

About This Book............................................................................................................... 11

1.1 Overview ................................................................................................................. 11

1.2 Use of Warnings, Caution, Information, and Tip Icons ....................................... 11

1.4 Related Documentation ......................................................................................... 12

2.1.1 CPM810 Overview .............................................................................................. 13

2.1.2 ASM810 Overview .............................................................................................. 13

2.1.3 TBU810 Overview ............................................................................................... 13

2.1.4 ROM810 Overview.............................................................................................. 13

2.1.5 EIM810 Overview................................................................................................ 13

2.1.6 SIM810 Overview................................................................................................ 13

2.2 AS800 Details.......................................................................................................... 14

2.2.1 Termination Base Unit (TBU810) ........................................................................ 14

2.2.2 AS800 Modules................................................................................................... 14

2.2.3 Relay Output Module (ROM810)......................................................................... 14

2.2.4 Extended I/O Module (EIM810)........................................................................... 14

2.2.5 Serial Interface Module (SIM810)........................................................................ 14

2.3 Prerequisites and Requirements........................................................................... 14

2.4 Product Features .................................................................................................... 15

2.4.1 Field I/O Capabilities ........................................................................................... 15

2.4.2 Communication ................................................................................................... 16

2.4.3 Functional Product Features ............................................................................... 16

2VAA000334 Auto Synchronizer AS800 5

3.3 ROM810 Module Connection ................................................................................. 18

3.4 EIM810 Module Connection................................................................................... 18

3.5 SIM810 Module Connection................................................................................... 18

4.2 TBU810 .................................................................................................................... 19

4.2.1 Bus PT Connections ........................................................................................... 21

4.2.2 Field Powered Digital Input Connections ............................................................ 23

4.2.3 System Powered Digital Input Connections ........................................................ 23

4.2.4 Primary and Independent Relay Feedback Connections .................................... 25

4.3 CPM810 Module ...................................................................................................... 26

4.4 ASM810 Module ...................................................................................................... 26

4.5 ROM810 Module...................................................................................................... 27

4.5.1 ROM810 Rev A ................................................................................................... 27

4.5.2 ROM810 V2.0 ..................................................................................................... 28

4.5.3 ROM810 Relay Selection.................................................................................... 29

4.6 EIM810 Module........................................................................................................ 29

4.6.1 EIM810 Terminal Block Connections .................................................................. 29

4.6.2 EIM810 DIP Switch and LED .............................................................................. 31

4.6.3 EIM810 Example Wiring Diagrams ..................................................................... 31

4.7 AS800 Configuration via Profibus......................................................................... 33

4.7.1 Values Sent To the AS800.................................................................................. 33

4.7.2 Values Reported By the AS800........................................................................... 35

4.7.3 Description of the Values Sent To the AS800 ..................................................... 37

4.7.4 Description of the Values Reported By the AS800.............................................. 40

5.1.1 AC Inputs ............................................................................................................ 43

5.1.2 Relay Activation .................................................................................................. 43

5.1.3 Digital Inputs ....................................................................................................... 43

5.1.4 Independent Synchronization Check................................................................... 43

5.1.5 Module Status Checking ..................................................................................... 44

5.1.6 Communication ................................................................................................... 44

5.2 The Synchronization Process ............................................................................... 44

5.2.2 Synchronizing a Generator to a Line Bus............................................................ 45

5.2.3 Synchronizing One Bus to a Peer Bus ................................................................ 47

5.2.4 Synchronizing a Live Bus to a Dead Bus ............................................................ 47

5.3 Conditions for Synchronization Using the AS800 ............................................... 48

5.3.1 Signal Quality ...................................................................................................... 48

5.3.2 Voltage and Frequency Matches......................................................................... 48

5.3.3 Match Windows................................................................................................... 48

5.3.4 Independent Check Digital Output ...................................................................... 51