Introduction to Information and Communication Technologies The state of ICT technologies Online systems, functions, and platforms [EQ)tesson Objectives At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to: ay improve their knowledge on how ICT affects their everyday lives and the state of our nation; compare and contrast the differences between online platforms, sites, and content; 4 understand the features of Web 2.0; understand the future of the World Wide Web through Web 3.0; and learn the different trends in ICT and use them to their advantage.itesson Motivation Form groups with five members each. Take turns answering the questions below. Answer the following honestly. 1. How many times have you checked your phone this morning? How many status updates have you posted in Facebook or Twitter today? Did you use the Internet for an hour after you woke up this morning? 2. 3. 4. Do you follow a celebrity via his/her social media account? 'fyou happen to be “guilty as charged’ in most of these questions, chances are, you are a digital native. And chances are, from the moment you were born, you were surrounded by technology. You are surrounded by ICT. [Besson Discussion As the popular saying goes, "Love makes the world go round” But before you start looking for someone to fall in love with, you could argue how the Internét has made the world go round for decades. Likewise in the motivation activity, the Internet has probably made your world go round. In this lesson, we will understand how Information and Communication Technologies have improved our lives in such’a short period of time. Information and Communication Technologies Information and Communication Technology (ICT) deals with the ‘use of different communication technologies such as mobile phones, telephone, Internet, etc. to locate, save, send, and edit information. 7 When we make a video call, we use the Internet. When we senda text or make a call, we use cellular networks. When we run out of load or battery, we use payphones which use a telephone network. Having a unified way to communicate is one of the goals of ICT. In terms of economics, ICT has saved companies a lot of resources (time and money) with the kind of communication technology they use, nowadays. In a similar way, we spend less because of ICT. As it normally costs us a peso to send a text message or SMS, with the Internet, we can send multiple messages and only be charged by a fraction.” | ICT in the Philippines Several international companies dub the Philippines as the “ICT Hub of Asia." It is no secret that there is a huge growth of ICT-related jobs around the country, one of which is the call center or BPO (Business Process Outsourcing) centers. According to the 2013 edition of Measuring the Information Society by the International Telecommunication Union, there are 106.8 Cellphones per 100 Filipinos in the year 2012. That would mean that for every 100 Filipinos you meet, there is a high chance that they have a cellphone and approximately for the seven of them, they Have two.Ina data gathered by the Annual Survey of Philippine Business and Industries, NSO, in 2010, the ICT industry shares 19.3% of the total employment population here in the Philippines. To add to these statistics, Time Magazine's “The Selfiest Cities around the World” of 2013 places two cities from the Philippines in the top_1 and top 10 spots. The study was conducted using Instagram, a popular photo sharing application. With these numbers, there is no doubt that the Philippines is one of the countries that benefits most out of ICT. ICT, Me, and My Community To fully understand the importance of ICT, let us first look at our community. Look for a small business around your community. Conduct a short interview of the business owner using the following guide: Company/Establishment Name: Address: Nature of Business: Guide Questions: 1. What are the different ways for customers and/or suppliers to contact you? 2. How often do you use a phone or cellular phone for business? Estimate only. 5 3. Does your establishment have Internet connection? ‘If yes, what is its Purposé?.If no, would you consider having it in the future? Why or why not? 4. Does your business have a website? If yes, how does it help the company? If no, would you consider having one in the future? Why or why not? 5. (If applicable) Would you consider giving free Wi-Fi access in the future? If you already have it, does it help boost sales? : : Report the results in class and notice the trend on most of the reports'presented. Web 2.0: Dynamic Web Pages The Internet has been a vital tool to our modern lives that is why it is also important to make the best of the Internet. When the World Wide Web was invented, most web pages were static. Static (also known as flat page or stationary page) in the sense that the page is “as is” and cannot be manipulated by the user. The content is also the same fo? all users. This is referred to as Web 1.0. However, the World Wide Web is more than just static pages. Pretty soon, Web 2.0 came to the picture. °Web 2.0 is a term coined, by Darcy DiNucci.on January 1999. In her article titled, “Fragmented Future,’ she wrote: The Web we know now, which loads into a browser wihdow in essentially static screenfuls, is only an embryo of the Web to come. The first glimmerings of Web 2.0 are beginning to. appear, and we are just starting to see how that embryo might develop. Web 2.0 is the evolution of Web 1.0 by adding dynamic web pages—the user is able to see a website differently than others. Examples of Web 2.0 include social hetworking sites, blogs, wikis, video sharing sites, hosted services, and web applications. Web 2.0.allows users to interact with the page: instead of just reading a page, the user may be able to comment or create a user account. Web 2.0 also allows users to use web browsers instead of just using their operating system. Browsers can now be used for their user interface, application software (or web applications), and even for file storage. Most websites that we visit today are Web 2.0. Ge }sxiu Exploration Exploration 1.1. Static vs. Dynamic Look for ten websites and classify them as static or dynamic. What makes each website static or dynamic? Use the table below. Features of Web 2.0 The key features of Web 2.0 include: : a 1. Folksonomy ~ allows users to categorize and classify/arrange information using freely chosen keywords (eg, tagging). Popular social networking sites such as SSE AS RS aTwitter, Instagram, Facebook, etc. use tags that start with the pound sign (#). This is also referred to as hashtag. Rich User Experience — content is dynamic and is responsive to user's input. An example would be a website that shows local content. In the case of social networking sites, when logged on, your account is used to modify what you see in their website. é 3. User Participation — the owner of the website is not the only one who is able to put content. Others are able to place a content of their own by means of comments, reviews, and evaluation. Some websites allow readers to comment on an article, participate in a poll, or review a specific product (e.g., Amazon.com, online stores). Long Tail — services that are offered on demand rather than on a one-time purchase. In certain cases, time-based pricing is better than file size-based pricing or vice versa. This is synonymous to subscribing to a data plan that charges you for the amount of time you spent in the Internet, or a data plan that charges you for the amount of bandwidth you used. Software as a Service - users will subscribe to a software only when needed rather than purchasing them. This is a cheaper option if you do not always need to use a software. For instance, Google Docs is a free web-based application that allows the user to create and edit word processing and spreadsheet documents online. When you need a software, like a Word Processor, you can purchase it for @ one-time huge amount and install it in your computer and it is yours forever. Software as a service allows you to“rent”a software for a minimal fee. 6. Mass Participation - diverse information sharing through universal web access. Since most users can use the Internet, Web 2.0's content is based on people from various cultures. Web 3.0 and the Semantic Web . The Semantic Web is a movement led by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The W3C standard encourages web developers to include semantic content in their web pages. The term was coined by the inventor of the World Wide Web, Tim Berners-Lee. Lee also noted that the Semantic Web is a component for Web 3.0. According to the W3C, "The Semantic Web provides a common framework that allows data to be shared and reused across application, enterprise, and. community boundaries.” The aim of Web 3.0 is to have machines (or servers) understand the user's preferences to be able to deliver web content specifically targeting the user, For’example, when doing a web search in Web 2.0, the topmost result is based on the pieference of several users who already searched for thé item. The'search engine then labels:it the most common answer to the search query. Though there are instances wherein several preferences are considered like geographic location, Web 3.0.aims to do better. This is through studying personal preferences of an individual user and showing results based on those preferences. The Internet is able to predict the best possible answers to your question by "learning from your previous choices. For example, if you search the Internet for “Where is the best place to go shopping?” Web 3.0 will aim to give you results depending on how you have made choices in the past. IfNS you have purchased several shoes online, the Internet will give you results on the best place with the highest rated shoes around your vicinity. Another example is when you search for the best restaurant to visit in a specific area. First, it may look for your previous visits from other restaurants and if you have rated them whether good or bad. In return, Web 3.0 will search for restaurants that have a similar menu, good rating, and budget that fit your preference in the past. Web 3.0 is yet to be fully realized because of several problems: 1. Compatibility. HTML files and current web browsers could not support Web 3.0. 2. Security. The user’s security is also in question since the machine is saving his or her preferences. Vastness. The World Wide Web already contains billions of web pages. 4, Vagueness. Certain words are imprecise. The words “old” and “small” would depend on the user. 5. Logie. Since machines use logic, there are certain limitations for a computer to be able to predict what the user is referring to at a given time. Trends in ICT ‘As the world of ICT continues to grow, the industry has focused on several innovations. These innovations cater to the needs of the people that benefit most out of ICT. Whether it is for business or personal use, these trends are the current front runners, inthe innovation of ICT. Convergence Technological convergence is the synergy of technological advancements to work on a similar goal or task, For example, besides using your personal computer to create word documents, you can now use your smartphone. It can also use cloud technologies to sync files from one device to another while also using LTE technology which means you can access your files anytime, anywhere. Convergence is using several technologies to accomplish a task conveniently. 2. Social Media Social media is a website, application, or online channel that enables web users to create, co-create, discuss, modify, and exchange user-generated content. According to Nielsen, a global information and measurement company, Internet users spend more time in social media sites than in any other type of site. With this, more and more advertisers use social media to promote their product. There are six types of social media: * a) Social Networks. These are sites that allow you to connect with other people with the same interests or background, Once a user creates his or her account, he or she can set Up a profile, add people, create groups, and share content. Examples: Facebook and Google+ b. Bookmarking Sites. These are sites that allow you to store and manage links to various websites and resources. Most of these sites allow you to create a tag thatallows you and others to easily search or share them. Examples: StumbleUpon and Pinterest Social News. These are sites that allow users to post their own news items orlinks to other news sources, The users can also comment on the post and.comments may also be ranked. They are also capable of voting on these news articles of the website. Those who get the most amount of votes are shown most prominently. Examples: reddit and Digg Media Sharing. These are sites that allow you to upload and share media content like images, music, and video. Most of these sites have additional social features like liking, commenting, and having user profiles. Examples: Flicker, YouTube, and Instagram Microblogging. These are sites that focus on short updates from the user. Those subscribed to the user will be able to receive these updates. Examples: Twitter and Plurk Blogs and Forums. These websites allow users to post their content. Other users are able to comment on the said topic. There are several free blogging platforms | like Blogger, WordPress, and Tumblr. On the other hand, forums are typically part of a certain website or web service. 3. Mobile Technologies The popularity of smartphones and tablets has taken a major rise over the years. This is largely because of the devices’ capability to do tasks that were originally found in Personal computers. Several of these devices are capable of using high-speed Internet. Today, the latest mobile devices use 4G Networking (LTE), which is currently the fastest mobile network. Also, mobile devices use different operating systems: a. iOS ~ used in Apple devices such as the iPhone and iPad b. Android - an open source operating system developed by Google. Being open source means several mobile phone companies use this OS for free. Blackberry OS - used in Blackberry devices , Windows Phone OS - a closed source and proprietary ‘operating ‘system developed by Microsoft® : e. Symbian - the original smartphone OS;used by Nokia devices f, WebOS - originally used for smartphones; now used for smart TVs g. Windows Mobile - developed by Microsoft® for smartphones and pocket PCs. 4. Assistive Media Assistive media is a nonprofit service designed to help people who have visual and reading impairments. A database of audio recordings is used to read to the user. You may visit http://www.assistivemedia.org/ for several of their audio recordings. Exploration 1.2. Identifying the Correct Web Platform for Social Change 1. Identify a problem in your community (eg, littering, garbage disposal, blocked drainages, etc.).that concern the community, Why did you choose that website? WordPress, unlike other blogging platforms, has a more "serious feel” to it. It also contains professional-looking templates that will fit the serious tone of my campaign. Your Turn to Shine |. Why do you think microblogging platforms have become popular when regular blogging platforms already exist? 2. What do you think of Web 3.07 Do you think it will be realized someday in the future? Take the Challenge! Research on one momentous event in Philippine history wherein ICT played a huge role in making it a success. od Terms Web 1.0 ~ static websites without interactivity Web 2.0 - websites that contain dynamic content . Web 3.0 - a concept of the World Wide Web that is designed to cater to the individual user . Static - refers to web pages that are the same regardless of the user Dynamic - refers to web pages that are affected'by user input or preference Folksonomy — allows users to categorize and classify/arrange information + Hashtag - used to “categorize” posts in website + Convergence - the synergy of technological advancements to work on a similar goal or task + Social media - websites, applications, or online channels that enable users to create, co-create, discuss, modify, anid exchange user-generated content [Btesson Summary . 7 Information and Communications Technology or ICT plays;an integral part in the development of the Philippine economy. The Philippines is dubbed as the“ICT Hub of Asia” When Tim Berners-Lee created the Internet, most web’ pages were static, which are now referred to as Web 1.0. A static web page is a page that has content that the user cannot manipulate, On the other hand, a dynamic web page, introduced in Web 2.0, is a page where its contents depend on the user or the website visitor.Internet Threats Here are some of the threats you should be aware of when using the Internet: 1 Malware - stands for malicious software a.» Virus ~'a malicious program designed to replicate itself and transfer from ‘one computer to another either through the Internet and local networks or. data storage like flash drives and CDs b. Worm - a malicious program that transfers from one computer to another by any type of means. Often, it uses a computer network to spread itself. For example, the ILOVEYOU worm (Love Bug Worm) created by a Filipino. ¢. Trojan —a malicious program that is disguised as a useful program but once downloaded or installed, leaves your PC unprotected and allows hackers to get your information *Rogue security software - tricks the user into posing that it is a security software. It asks the user to pay to improve his/her security but in reality, they are not protected at all. d. Spyware — a program that runs in the background without you knowing it (thus called "spy”). It has the ability to monitor what you are currently doing and typing through keylogging. *Keyloggers - used to record the keystroke doneby,thev ‘users. This is done to steal their password or any'other sensitive information. It can’ record email, messages, or any information you type using your keyboard. . Adware ~ a program designed to send you advertsemen mostly 3s pop- ups 2. Spam - unwanted email mostly from bots or advertisers: it malware 2 3. .. Phishing - and credit card details. This is done by sending you an‘emal ser to visit a website and.be asked to wpaite his/her userna catd, or personal information. ‘beused to send (Domain Name Service) system, Protecting Reputations Online In the past, doing something embarrassing was ‘nat much o It happened; people would laugh at it, and they would move on. Nowadays, embartassing moments are captured using any device you tould imagine. What is worse is that People easily upload it to the Internet, where it can be stored forevér, This could impact not orily your reputation but also the people around you. What is worse’is that people tend to ignore this fact, and suffer from it later in their life, Once youpost something over the Internet, search enginés keep,themin their archives » + for search results: This makes anything you post to last. forever even if you delete it in, your page. Something you and your friends find funny today.may be something that could harm someone's reputation later. +.