Drug Classification: Drug Classification:

Aspirin choline salicylate

(Arthropan)

Drug Classification: Drug Classification:

Salsalate celecoxib (Celebrex)
(Disalcid)

Drug Classification: Drug Classification:

clonidine tramadol
(Catapres) (Ultram)

Drug Classification: Drug Classification:

ziconotide dihdroergotamine mesylate
(Prialt) (D.H.E 45, Migranal)

Drug Classification: Drug Classification:

ergoramine tartrate (Ergostat) sumatriptan
(Imitrex)
 NSAID- NSAID-
Aspirin and other Salicylates Aspirin and other Salicylates

NSAID- NSAID-
COX-2 Inhibitors Aspirin and other Salicylates

NSAID- NSAID-
Centrally Acting Centrally Acting

Antimigraine- NSAID-
Ergot Alkaloid Centrally Acting

Antimigraine- Antimigraine-
Triptan Ergot Alkaloid

(this group includes all drugs

ending in triptan)
Drug Classification: Drug Classification:
topiramate valporic acid
(Topamax) (Depakene, Depakote)

Drug Classification: Drug Classification:

nifedepinine verapamil hydrochloride
(Procardia) (Isoptin)

Drug Classification: Drug Classification:

amitriptyline imipramine
Hydrochloride (Tofranil)
(Elavil)

Drug Classification: Drug Classification:

antenolol propranolol hydrochloride
Tenormin (Inderal)

Drug Classification: Drug Classification:

Morphine meperidine hydrochloride
(Demerol)
 Antiseizure Antiseizure

Calcium Channel Blocker Calcium Channel Blocker

Tricyclic Tricyclic
Antidepressant Antidepressant

Beta- Adrenergic
Beta- Adrenergic
Blocker
Blocker

Opioid Agonist- w/ high

Opioid Agonist- w/ high
Effectiveness
Effectiveness
 Drug Classification: Drug Classification:
hydromorphone hydrochloride Codeine
(Dilaudid)

Drug Classification: Drug Classification:

Oxycodone oxycodone terephthalate
hydrochloriontinde (Percocet-5)
(Oxycontin)

Drug Classification: Drug Classification:

naloxone butorphanol tartrate
(Narcan) (Stadol)

Drug Classification: Adverse Effects-

buprenorphine hydrochloride Opioid Agonists w/ High
(Buprenex) Effectiveness

Adverse Effects- Adverse Effects-

Opioid Agonists w/ Moderate Opioid antagonists
Effectiveness
Opioid Agonist- w/ moderate Opioid Agonist- w/ high
Effectiveness Effectiveness

Opioid Agonist- w/ moderate Opioid Agonist- w/ moderate

Effectiveness Effectiveness

Opioids – w/mixed
Opioid Antagonist
agonist-antagonist effects

Common- Pruritis, constipation, nausea, sedation,

drowsiness, dizziness
Opioids – w/mixed
Serious- Anaphylatic reaction, cardiac arrest, severe
resp. depression or arrest, convulsions.
agonist-antagonist effects

Common- Muscle and joint pains, difficulty sleeping, Common- Sedation, nausea, dizziness
anxiety, H/A, nervousness, vomiting, abdominal pain
Serious- Hepatoxicity, resp. depression, circulatory
Serious- Hepatotxicity collapse, coma.
 Adverse Effects- Adverse Effects-
Opioids w/ mixed effects NSAIDs- Aspirin and other
salicylates

Adverse Effects- Adverse Effects-

NSAIDs- Ibuprofen and NSAIDs- COX-2 Inhibitors
related drugs

Adverse Effects- Adverse Effects-

Acetaminophen Centrally Acting Drugs
(clonidine, tramadol,
zicontide)

Adverse Effects- Adverse Effects-

Ergot Alkaloids Triptans

Adverse Effects- Adverse Effects-

antiseizure drugs Beta Blockers
Common- Heartburn, stomach pains, ulceration
Serious- Bronchospasm, anaphylactic shock,
hemolytic anemia.
Common- Abd. Pain, dizziness, h/a, sinusitis,
hypersensitivity
Serious- Cautious use due to FDA review
Hypotension, dry mouth, constipation,
drowsiness, sedation, dizziness, vertigo,
fatigue, h/a.
Serious- anaphylactic reaction
Asthenia, tingling, warming sensation,
dizziness, vertigo
Serious- Coronary Artery vasospasm, MI,
Cardiac arrest
Bradycarida, hypotension, CHF confusion,
drowsiness, insomnia
Serious- Bronchospasm, exfoliative dermatitis,
agranulocytosis, membrane irritation, rash,
heart block, cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis,
Stevens-Johnson’s Syndrome
Common- Drowsiness, dizziness, light
headedness, euphoria, nausea, clammy skin,
sweating, insomnia, abdominal pain,
constipation.
Serious- Respiratory Depression, Shock
Common- Indigestion, nausea, occult blood
loss, anorexia, h/a, drowsiness, dizziness
Serious- Aplastic anemia, drug-induced peptic
ulcer, GI bleeding, agranulocytosis,
laryngospasm, laryngeal edema, peripheral
edema, anaphylaxis, Acute renal failure,
vomiting, constipation diarrhea
Common- Hepatoxixity in alchoholics
Serious- hepatoxicity hepatic coma, acute renal
failure
Weakness, n/v, abnormal pulse, pruritus
Serious- Delirium, convulsion seizures,
intermittent claudication
N/V, sedation, drowsiness, weakness
Serious- Liver failure, bone marrow depression
 Adverse Effects-
Adverse Effects-
Tricyclic
Calcium Channel Blockers
Antidepressants

Adverse Effects-
Antimigraine- Labs to Monitor-
Misc. Drugs Opioid Therapy
(methysegide, riblflavin)

Opioid Therapy-
Morphine-
Report
Contraindications

NSAID Therapy -
Labs to Monitor-
Report
NSAID Therapy

Labs to Monitor- Triptan Therapy-

Triptan Therapy Report
Sedation, drowsiness, orthostatic hypotension, Dizziness, light-headedness, facial flushing,
blurred vision, slight mydrasis, drymouth, heat sensitivity, diarrhea, peripheral edema, h/a,
urinary retention, constipation hypotension, constipation

Serious- MI, arrhythmias, heartblock, Serious- MI, AV block, hepatoxicity.

agranulocytosis, angioedema, bone marrow
depression

N/V, sedation, drowsiness, weakness,

discoloration of urine (for riboflavin) painful
CBC, hepatic and renal function urination

Serious- SOB

Gallbladder disease, asthma, GI excessive dizziness, drowsiness,

obstruction, severe hepatic or renal confusion, agitation, hypotension,
impairment. tachycardia, bradypnea and pinpoint
pupils

s/s of GI bleeding, abd. Pain, severe tinnitus, CBC, coagulation panels, bleeding
dizziness, drowsiness, lightheadedness,
confusion, agitation, euphoria, or depression,
time, hepatic or renal function
palpitations, tachycardia, hypertension, studies
increased resp. rate or depth, pulmonary
congestion, and edema.

Chest pain or thightness, palptations, CBC, hepatic, renal function

tachycardia, hypertension, dizziness, light-
headness, confusion, and numbness or tingling
in extremeties.
 Drug Classification: Drug Classification:
xylocaine benzocaine,
(Lidocaine) procaine (novocaine)

Drug Classification: Drug Classification:

pramoxine (Tronothane) Nitrous oxide
dyclonine (Dyclone)

Drug Classification: Drug Classification:

halothane etomidate (Amidate)
(Fluothane) methohexital (Brevital)
propofol (Diprivan)

Drug Classification: Drug Classification:

Diazepam lorazepam
(Valium) (Ativan)

Drug Classification: Drug Classification:

midazolam hydrochloride fentanyl citrate
(Versed) (Sublimaze)
 Local Anesthetic- Local Anesthetic-
Esters Amides

Inhaled General Anesthetic- Local Anesthetic-

Gas Misc. Agents

Intravenous Anesthetic- Inhaled General Anesthetic-

Barbiturates and barbiturate Volatile liquid
like agents

IV Anesthetic- IV Anesthetic
Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines

IV Anesthetic- IV Anesthetic-
Opioids Benzodiazepines
Drug Classification: Drug Classification:
ketamine atropine
(Ketalar)

Drug Classification: Drug Classification:

bethanechol chloride droperidol
(Duvoid, Urecholine) (Inapsine)

Drug Classification: Drug Classification:

succinycholine promethazine
(Anectine) (Phenazine, Phenergan)

Infiltration (field block)

Nerve block anesthesia
anesthesia

Spinal Anesthesia Topical

Anesthesia
 anticholinergic
Dopamine Blocker
Phenothiazine
Direct inj. Into tissue immediate to
the surg. Site.
Drug diffuses into tissue to block a
specific group of nerves in a small
area close to the surgical site.
Creams, sprays, suppositories, drops,
lozenges. Applied to mucous
membranes , very safe unless absorbed.
IV Anesthetic-
Misc.
Cholinergic
Neuromuscular blockers
Injection into tissue that may be distant
from the operation site. Drug effects
nerve bundles serving the surgical area.
Used to block sensation in a limb or large
area of face..
Injection into the cerebral spinal fluid.
Drug affects a large, regional area such as
the lower abdomen and legs
.
 Adverse Effects: Adverse Effects:
Amides Esters

Adverse Effects: Adverse Effects:

Local Anesthetics- Gas
Misc.

Adverse Effects: Adverse Effects:

Volatile liquid Barbiturates / Barbiturate like

Adverse Effects: Adverse Effects-

Benzodiazepines Opioids
(as IV anesthetic)

Adverse Effects-
IV anesthetics-
Misc
 Common- CNS depression Serious- Difficulty breathing or swallowing,
resp. depression and arrest. Convulsions,
Serious- Resp. arrest, circulatory failure, anaphlactoid reaction, burning, contact
anaphylactoid reaction. dermatitis.

Dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, euphoria, Burning, stinging, sensation at application site

vomiting
Serious- Resp. or Cardiac arrest
Serious- Malignant hyperthermia, apnea,
cyanosis.

Dizziness, confusion, unsteadiness Drowsiness, N/V

Serious- Circulatory or resp. depression w/ Serious- Myocardial depression, marked

apnea, laryngospasm, anaphylaxis. hypotension, pulmonary vasoconstriction,
hepatotoxicity.

Common- Nausea, GI disturbances

Dizziness decreased alertness, diminished
Serious- Marked CNS depression concentration
Serious, Cardiovascular collapse, laryngospasm

Common- Dissociation, increased BP and Pulse

rate, confusion, excitement.