Engineering Maths (Differential Equation)

d3 y
1. Find the general solution of y 0?
dx3
1
 C x 3

(a) y  x   C x 3
1 2
(b) y  x   C  Cx2
1
 x   3 
1
x  3
(c) y  x   C e  e 2 C cos   x  C sin   x
1  2 3
 2   2  
x   5 
1
 5
(d) y  x   C ex  e 2 C cos   x  C sin   x
1  2 3
 3   3  

2 3
 dy  1  dy  1  dy 
2. Order and degree of the differential equation y 2  1          ...........as
 dx  2!  dx  3!  dx 

(a) 1,2 (b) 1,3

(c) 1, not defined (d) 1,1

2
 z  3 z z
3. The order and degree of partial differential equation    3  2x are respectively
 x  y x

(a) 3 and 1 (b) 1 and 2

(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 3

z z
4. The equation tany  tanx  sec2 z is of order _________
x y
3
  dy  
2 2
 d2 y 
5. The order and degree of differential equation 1     K 2 
  dx    dx 

(a) 3,1 (b) 3,2

(c) 3,3 (d) 2,2

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 Engineering Maths (Differential Equation)

6. The differential equation whose solution is y  Ae  Be

2x 2x
. (Whose A and B are arbitrary
constants) is

(a) d y2  4y  0 (b) d y2  0
2 2

dx dx
dy
(d) d y2  4 dy  4y  0
2
(c)  e2x
dx dx dx

2
 dy  dy x
7. The possible solution of the Differential equation   
 dx  dx

e  e x  1  0 is

(b) y  e  c
x
(a) y=cx
(c) y  e  c (d) y  e c
x x

8. Which of the following is an integrating factor of xdy  ydx  0

x
(a) (b) xy
y
1
(c) (d) None
x2

9. Match the following:

Group 1 Group 2
1. d y d y dy
3 2
a. Linear of order 4
 . yx
dx3 dx2 dx
2. xd4 y d2 y b. Linear of order 1
  ex
dx 4
dx 2

dy c. Linear of order 3
3.  y 2  x2
dx
4. d3 y d2 y dy d. Linear of order 1
   x2 sinx
dx3 dx2 dx

(a) 1-c, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c (b) 1-e, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c
(c) 1-e, 2-a, 3-b, 4-c (d) 1-c, 2-b, 3-d, 4-e

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 Engineering Maths (Differential Equation)

10. The temperature of a body is originally at 1000C which cools down to 800C in 10 minutes,
when it kept in room temperature 250C .The temperature of the body after 20 min is
______________( in 0C up to 1 decimal place) [Irrelevant]

dy y
11. For the differential equation having   1 solution is
dx 4

x x
(a) y  4  ce 4 (b) y  4  ce 4

x x
(c) 4y  c  e 4 (d) 4y  c  e 4

d
12. Consider the Differential equation x D
2 2

 xD  2 y  0 where D 
dx
. The possible

solution of the D.E is _________. (Where A and B are constants)

 
(a) Axcos nx  Bsin nx    
(b) Axcos nx  Bxsin nx  
(c) Ax cosx  Bx sinx (d) Ax  Bx 2

d2 y
13. The solution of differential equation  y  0 with y(0), y(0)  2 is
dx2

(a) y  ex  4e2x (b) y  e x  ex

(c) y  ex (d) y  e x

14. The solution of the Differential Equation y11  2y1  2y  0 is y(0)=1 y’(0)=-1

(a) y  e x sinx (b) y  ex cos x

(c) y= ex cos x (d) y= ex sin2x

15. The solution of y'' 4y  0 with y(0)=2 and y'(0)  0 is

(a) y  ex  e x (b) y  e2x  e2x

(c) y  2x  2 x (d) y  22x  22x

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 Engineering Maths (Differential Equation)

x
d2 y dy
16. The particular solution of the Differential Equation 4  4  y  e 2
is
dx2 dx
x
x 2x
(a) xe 2
(b) e
8
x 2 2x 1 x
(c) e (d) e 2
8 8

d4i d2i
17. Solution of  2  i  0 is
dt 4 dt2
(a) i  C1 cos2x  C2 sin2x  C3 x cos2x  C4 x sin2x
(b) i  C1 cos2x  C2 sin2x
(c) i  C1 cos x  C2 x cos x  C3 sinx  C 4 x sinx
(d) i  C1 cos x  C2 sin x  C3ex  C 4 e x
3
2
 d2 y    dy   2
2

18. Degree of the differential equation  2    x     is _________

 dx    dx  


19. The solution of the differential equation cos x e2y  y  dy
dx
e y
sin2x with y(0)=0 is

(a) ey  e y (y  1)  2cosx  4 (b) ey  e y  2cosx 4

(c) ey (y  1)  2cosx (d) ye y  2cosx  4

d2 y dy
20. Solution of x2  2x  4y  0 is
dx 2
dx
(a) y  C1 x 2  C2 x (b) y  C1 x  C2 x 3
C2
(c) y  C1 x 4  C2 x (d) y  C1 x 4 
x

dy
21. Consider the differential equation,  1  y 2 . Which one of the following can be
dx
particular solution of this differential equation?

(a) y  tan(x 3) (b) x  tan(y 3)

(c) y  cot(x 3) (d) x  cot(y 3)

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 Engineering Maths (Differential Equation)

22. The solution of x2 y11  2xy1  12y  0 satisfied by the conditions y(1)=1, y1 (1)  0
(a) tends to zero as x  0
(b) tends to a non-zero constant as x  0
(c) tends to zero as x  
(d) does not tend to a finite limit as x  

dy
23. From the solution to the initial value problem t2  ty  1 , y(1)=1. Pick the closest
dt
estimate of y (2).
(a) 0.55 (b) 0.75
(c) 0.85 (d) 1.25

dy
24. The solution of sin y  cosy(1  xcosy) is
dx

(a) cosy = (1 + x) + c ex (b) coty = (1 + x) + c ex

(c) secy = (1 + x) + c ex (d) siny = (1 + x) + c ex

25. The orthogonal trajectories of the family of curves y = cxk are given by

(a) x 2  cy 2 = constant (b) x 2  ky 2 = constant

(c) kx 2  y 2 = constant (d) x 2  ky 2 = constant

26. A spacecraft is in free fall near the surface of the moon at a speed of 1000 km/h. Its
retrorockets, when fired, provide a constant deceleration of 20 km/ h2 . The height above the
lunar surface should the rockets be fired in order to insure a soft touchdown is _________ km.

27. The integrating factor for the differential equation, xdy–ydx+2 x3 dx = 0, is

(a) x (b) ex
(c) 1⁄x (d) e x

d2u 2 d u
2
28. The equation  c is
dt2 dy 2
(a) Elliptic (b) Parabolic
(c) Hyperbolic (d) Circular

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 Engineering Maths (Differential Equation)

3
d2 y  dy 
29. The degree of differential equation, y  x 2  1    is
dx  dx 
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) None of these

30. The value of ‘α’ for which the differential equation, ysinαxdx –(1+ y 2 + cos2 x )dy=0, is
exact will be _______.

31. What is the length of the curve, 3x2  y 3 , between y = 0 and y = 1 ?

(a)
1
18

7 7 8  (b)
1
9
7 7 8 
(c)
1
3
7 7 8  (d) None of these

dy
32. The solution of (x  1)  1  2e y is where, k is a constant
dx

(a) (x  1)(2  ey )  k (b) (x  1)(2  e y )  k

(c) (x  1)(2  e y )  k (d) (x  1)(2  ey )  k

33. Find the differential equation whose solution represents the family c(y  c)2  x3 .

2 2
 x  dy    x dy   2x  dy    2x dy 
(a)     y    x
3
(b)     y    x
3

 3  dx    3 dx   5  dx    5 dx 
2 2
 x  dy    2x dy   2x  dy    2x dy 
(c)     2y    x
3
(d)     y    x
3

5
   dx  3 dx  3
   dx  3 dx 

34. The solution of differential equation xdy  ydx  2x3dx  0 is

(a)  y  x3  c1 x (b) y  x3  c2 x
(c) y 3  d3  c3 x (d) y  x3  c 4 x

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 Engineering Maths (Differential Equation)

35. The abscissae of the points of the curve y  x(x 2)(x 4) where tangents are parallel to
x-axis is obtained as:

2 1
(a) x  2  (b) x  1 
3 3
1
(c) x  2  (d) x  1
3

 
36. Solve: yloge x  1 ydx  xdy


(a) y loge x  cx  1 
(b) y loge x  cx  1
(c) x log
e
x  cx   1 (d) x loge
x  cx   1

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 Engineering Maths (Differential Equation)

Solutions

1. Ans: (c)
d2 y
Solution: y 0
dx3
 
The auxiliary equation is m3  1  0  m  1 m2  m  1  0

1 3
This has roots m  1,   i
2 2
The corresponding terms in the general solution will be
x   3 
1
 3 
C ex  e 2 C cos  x   C sin  x 
1  2 3
 2   2  

2. Ans: (d)
x 2 x3
Solution: The above expansion is e =1+x+   ...
x
2! 3!
dy
y 2  e dx
dy
 2log y
dx
Order=1, Degree=1

3. Ans: (a)
Solution: Order= Highest order of derivative
Degree= Highest power of Highest order of derivative

4. Ans: 1
Solution: Order= Highest order of derivative=1

5. Ans: (d)
Solution: Squaring on both sides
3 2
  dy  
2
 2 
2 d y
1     x  2
  dx    dx 
Order-2, degree-2

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 Engineering Maths (Differential Equation)

6. Ans: (a)
Solution: Given that y  Ae  Be
2x 2x

We know that y  Ae  Be
x x
is solution of the Differential equation

d2 y dy
 (  )  y  0
dx 2
dx
Here   2,   2
d2 y dy
  (0)  ( 4)y  0
dx2 dx
d2 y
 2  4y  0
dx

7. Ans: (b)
2
 dy  dy x
Solution: Given   
 dx  dx

e  e x  1  0 
 dy x   dy  x 
We can write   e   e   0
 dx   dx 
dy dy
 ex  0  e x  0
dx dx
dy  ex dx dy  e x dx
Integrating y  e  c Integrating y  e  c
x x

y  ex  c (or) y  e x  c

8. Ans: (c)
1
Solution: xdy  ydx  0 , if it is I.F., after multiplication with given differential equation, it
x2
M N
will satisfy 
y x

9. Ans: (a)

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 Engineering Maths (Differential Equation)

10. Ans: 65 to 66
Solution: Newton’s law of cooling is   0  ce
kt

  0  cekt
Given that when t=0 ,   1000 C  (1)
t=10 ,   800 C  (2)
0  250 c
t=20   ?
c  100  25  750 C (from(1))
  25  75ekt
Using (2) 80  25  75e10k
55
55  75e10k  0 =>e10k 
75
15  15  1  15 
e10k   10k  ln    k  ln  
11  11  10  11 
1
  15 
  25  75e 10
ln  
 11 
20  15   15 
 ln  2ln 
10  11   11 
Put t=20    25  75e  25  75e
2
 15  121
  25  75e    25  75  65.335  65.3
 11  225

11. Ans: (b)

dy y
Solution:  1
dx 4
1
I.F  e 4  e
dx x
4

x x
Solution is ye 4 =  1e 4 dx  c
x
x e 4
ye 4
 c
1
4
x x x
ye 4
 4e 4
 c  y  4  ce 4

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 Engineering Maths (Differential Equation)

12. Ans: (b)


Solution: x2D2  xD  2 y  0 
Put z  e x

zD  y
And x D     1 y
2 2
 
    1    2 y  0
   2  2 y  0
2

Auxillary equation is m2  2m  2  0
2 48
m
2
2  i2
m  1 i
2
yc  ez  Acosz  bsinz 
yp  0
y  yc  yp  ez  Acosz  bsinz   x  A cos  nx   Bsin  nx  

13. Ans: (b)

Solution: m2  1  0  m  1
y  c1ex  c2e x

at x  0, y  0  c1  c2  0

at x  0, y   c1  c2  2
c1  1,c2  1 y  e x  ex

14. Ans: (c)

Solution: f(m)  m2  2m  2  0
m  1  i
y  e x c1 cos x  c2 sinx 
y(0)  c1  1
y '  e x c1 cos x  c2 sinx   e x  c1 sinx  c2 cos x 
y '(0)  c1  c2  1
C2=0

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 Engineering Maths (Differential Equation)

15. Ans: (b)

Solution: AE is m2  4  0  m  2
y cf  C1e2x  C2e2x
Given that y(0)=2; y1 (0)  0
y  2 at x  0  2  c1  c2

y1  2c1e2x  2c2e2x ,
y 1  0 at x=0  0  c1  c2
c1  1,c2  1
 y  e2x  e2x

16. Ans: (c)

 
Solution: f D  4D2  4D  1
For finding particular integral apply inverse operator method
x
e2
P.I. =
1
f 
2
1 1 1
As f    0 and also f '    0 but f ''    8
2 2 2

x x
xe
2 2
xe
2 2
So, P.I. = 
1 8
f ''  
2

17. Ans: (c)

d4i d2i
Solution: 4  2 2  i  0
dt dt
The auxiliary equation is
m4  2m2  1  0
(m2  1)2  0
m  i, i
i  (C1  C2 x)cosx (C3  C4 x)sinx
The solution is
i  C1 cos x  C2 x cos x  C3 sinx  C 4 x sinx

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 Engineering Maths (Differential Equation)

18. Ans: 4
Solution: The given equation containing radical squaring the given equation
4 3
 d2 y    dy 2 
 2  x    
 dx    dx  
degree is power of highest order in an equation i.e. 4.

19. Ans: (a)


Solution: cos x e2y  y  dy
dx
e y
sin2x with y(0)=0

e2y  y sin2x
dy  dx
e y
cos x
2sin x cos x
 
ey  ye y dy 
cos x
dx

 e dy   ye dy   2sinxdx  c
y y

ey  e y (y  1)  2cos x  C
At x=0, y=0
1+0+1-=-2+C  C=4
The solution is
ey  e y (y  1)  2cosx  4

20. Ans: (d)

d2 y dy
Solution: x2  2x  4y  0
dx 2
dx
Put y  xm
dy d2 y
 mxm1 and  m m  1 xm2
dx dx2
Substituting these in the given equation
m(m  1)  2m  4  0
Auxiliary equation is m2  3m  4  0
m  4, 1
Hence the solution is
1
y  c1 x 4  c2
x

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 Engineering Maths (Differential Equation)

21. Ans: (a)

dy
Solution: Given  1  y2  (1)
dx
dy
 dx
1  y2
tan1 (y)  x  c
y  tan(x  c)
For c=3,y=tan(x+3) is a particular solution of (1)

22. Ans: (d)

Solution: x2 y11  2xy1  2y  0
Using y  xm
m(m  1)  2m  12  0

m 2

 m  12  0  m  4,3
Y  c1 x 4  c2 x 3 as x   , the value of y  

23. Ans: (c)

dy y 1
Solution:  
dt t t2
1
 dt
Integrating factor  e t  elnt  t
Multiplying equation by integrating factor,
tdy 1
y
dt t

d(ty) 1

dt t
ty  lnt  c
1
y  (lnt  c)
t
For y(1)=1, c=1
1
y(2)  (In2  1) 0.85
2

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 Engineering Maths (Differential Equation)

24. Ans: (c)

dy
Solution: sin y  cos y(1  xcosy)
dt
dy
sin y  cos y  x cos2 y
dt
sin y dy cos y
  x
cos2 y dx cos2 y
dy
tan y sec y  sec y   x
dx
Let, sec y  t.................(i)
dy dt
sec y tan y  ……………….(ii)
dx dx
From equation (i) and (ii), we get
dt
 t  x
dx
Integrating factor  e
1dx
 ex
Multiplying the equation by the integrating factor
dt
e x  e x t  xe x
dx
te x   xe xdx  xe x  e x  c
t  (x 1)  cex
 sec y  (x  1)  c ex

25. Ans: (b)

Solution:
y  cxk    (1)
dy
 ck.xk 1
dx
From (1)
1 dy
c  x1  k
k dx
1 dy
y  x
k dx
dy dx
To get orthogonal trajectories, is replaced by -
dx dy
1 dx
y x
k dy

 ky 2  x2  cons tant

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 Engineering Maths (Differential Equation)

26. Ans: 25000

dx
Solution: Velocity=  1000  20t ( t  time in which velocity becomes zero)
dt
x(t)  1000 t 10 t2  C
At t=0, x=0
C0
1000
t  50hr [when velocity=0]
20
At t=50hr, x  1000  50  10  2500  25000km

27. Ans: (c)

Solution: xdy  ydx  2x3dx  0
dy y
  2x 2
dx x
1
1
I.F  e 
 dx
x
 e lnx 
x

28. Ans: (c)

Solution:
Auxx  2Buxy  Cuyy  D  0
when, B2  AC  0  Hypebolic
B2  AC  0  Parabolic
B2  AC  0  Elliptic

29. Ans: (b)

Solution: Degree is the power of highest order of deviation
2
d2 y  dy 
y  x 2  1  
dx  dx 
2 2
 d2 y  d2 y  dy 
y  x  2   2xy 2  1   
2 2

 dx  dx  dx 
 degree is 2

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 Engineering Maths (Differential Equation)

30. Ans: 2
Solution:
M  y sin x
M
 sin x
y
N  (1  y 2  cos2 x)
N
 2 cos x(  sinx)  sin2 x
x
For differential equation to be exact
M N

y x
  2

31. Ans: (b)

1 2
 dx 
Solution: Length curve= 
0
1    dy
 dy 
Curve: 3x  y
2 3

dx 3y

dy 2
1
 
1  (4  3 y)3/2 
 
1
3y 1
 Length=  1  dy  
4 2 3
  7 7 8
9
0
3 
 2  0

32. Ans: (a)

Solution:
dy
(x  1)  1  2e y
dx
dy
(x  1)  (2e y  1)
dx
dy dx

(2e  1) x  1
y

Variable Separable Form

ey dy dx

2e y
x 1
-d(ln(2-ey))=d(ln(x+1))

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 Engineering Maths (Differential Equation)

 ln(2  ey )  ln(x  1)  c

(x  1)(2  ey )  k

33. Ans: (d)

Solution: c(y  c)2  x3 ------(1)
Differentiating, we get
dy
2c(y  c)  3x 2
dx
2x3 dy
(y  c)  3x 2 (from(1))
(y  c)2
dx
2x3 dy
 3x2
y  c dx
2x  dy 
  yc
3  dx 
2x  dy 
c  y
3  dx 
Putting this value of ‘c’ in equation (i)
2
 2x  dy    2x dy 
    y   x
3

3
   dx  3 dx 

34. Ans: (d)

Solution: xdy  ydx  2x3dx  0
dy y
Or,   2x 2
dx x
dy
The form is  py  Q
dx
1
Where p  
x
And Q  2x 2

1
1
I.F  e x
dx
 e logx 
x
Solution of the given equation is
1 1
y   2x2 . dx  c 4  x2  c 4
x x
or, y  x3  c 4 x

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 Engineering Maths (Differential Equation)

35. Ans: (a)

dy
Solution:  (x  2)(x  4)  x(x  4)  x(x  2)  x2  6x  8  x2  4x  x2  2x  3x2  12x  8
dx
Since the tangent is parallel to x-axis,
dy
 0
dx
3x2  12x  8  0
12  144  4.3.8 12  48 2
x   2
2.3 6 3

36. Ans: (a)

 
Solution: yloge x  1 ydx  x.dy
dy
x  y  y 2 loge x .................(1)
dx
Divide by xy 2
1 dy 1 1
  loge x
y 2 dx xy x
1
Put v
y
1 dy dv
 
y 2 dx dx
dv 1 1
so,  v   loge x .....................(2)
dx x x
1 1
Equation (2) is standard linear differential equation with P   ,Q   loge x
x x
1
I.F  e  e
pdx 1/ xdx

x
Solution is given by
1 1 1  log x loge x 1 1 loge x 1
v.     loge x  dx    2e dx    . dx   c
x x x  x x x x x x
so, v  1  loge x  Cx
1
or,  loge x  cx or y loge x  cx  =1
y

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