EXERCISES 11B B-field force on charges, Hall voltage 1 An clectron beam moving with a velocity of 10°ms~', moves through a uniform magnetic field of 0-1 T which is perpendicular to the direction of the beam. Calculate the force on an electron if the electron charge is —1-6 x 10°??C. Draw a sketch showing the directions of the beam, field and force. 2. A current of 05 A is passed through a rectangular section of a semiconductor 4 mm thick which has majority carriers of negative charges or free electrons. When a magnetic field of 02 T is applied perpendicular to the section, a Hall voltage of 60 mV is produced between the opposite edges. Draw a diagram showing the directions of the field, charge cartiers and Hall voltage, and calculate the number of charge carriers per unit volume. 3. Define the coulomb. Deduce an expression for the current I in a wire in terms of the number of fice clectrons per unit volume, n, the arca.of cross-section of the wire, A, the charge on the electron, ¢, and its drift velocity, v. A copper wire has 1-0 x 10" free electrons per cubic metre, a cross-sectional arca of 2-0 mm? and carries a current of 5.0 A. Calculate the force acting on each electron if the wire is now placed in a magnetic field of flux density 0-1ST which is perpendicular to the wire. Draw a diagram showing the directions of the electron velocity, the magnetic field and this force on an electron. Explain, without experimental detail, how this effect could be used to determine whether a slab of semiconducting material was n-type or p-type. (Charge on electron = —16 x 1071°C) (L) (You may need to refer to Chapter 31.)Longer Questions 6 -A vertical straight conductor X of length 05m is situaied in a uniform horizontal magnetic field of 0-1 T, () Calculate the force on X when a current of 4 A is passed into it. Draw a sketch showing the directions of the current, field and force. (i) Through what angle must X be turned in.a vertical plane so that the force on X is. halved? 7 A straight horizontal rod X, of mass 50 g and length 0-5 m, is placed in a uniform horizontal magnetic field of 0-2T perpendicular to X, Calculate the current in X if the force acting on it just balances its weight. Draw a sketch showing the directions of the current, field and force. (g = LON kg~',) 8 A narrow vertical rectangular coil is suspended from the middle of its upper side with its plane parallel to a uniform horizontal magnetic field of 0-02 T. The coil has 10 turns, and the lengths of its vertical and horizontal sides are 1 m and G05 m respectively, Calculate the torque on the coil when a current of 5A is passed into it. Draw a sketch showing the directions of the current, field and. torque. ‘What would be the new value of the torque if the plane of the vertical coil was initially at 60° to the magnetic field and a current of 5.A was passed into the c Show how a 0-10:mA moving-coil meter of 5Q resistance can be converted to (a) a 0-5 ¥ voltmeter, (b) a 0-2 A ammeter. 11 Figure 11C represents a cylindrical aluminium bar A resting on two horizontal aluminium rails which can be connected to a battery to drive a current through A. ‘A magnetic ficld, of flux density 0-10'T, acts perpendicularly to the paper and into it. In which direction will A move if the current flows? a Figure 11C Calculate the angie to the horizontal to which the rails must be til stationary if its mass is 50 g, the current in it remains unchanged. (Acceleration of free-fall, ed to keep A 4.0 and the direction of the field = 10ms~). (L)