PODAR INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

Pre Board Examination (2016-17)

Grade: X Maximum Marks:80
Subject: Social Answer Scheme Duration: 3 hours
Science

 Please check that this question paper contains __ printed pages + __ map
General Instructions:
i. The question paper has 28 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
ii. Marks are indicated against each question.
iii. Questions from serial number 1 to7 are very short answer type questions. Each
question carries one mark.
iv. Questions from serial number 8 to18 are 3 marks questions. Answer of these
questions should not exceed 80 words each.
v. Questions from serial number 19 to 25 are 5 marks questions. Answer of these
questions should not exceed 100 words each.
vi. Question numbers 26 & 27 are map questions from History with 1 mark each.
vii. Question number 28 is map question of 3 marks from Geography.
viii. For Q. Nos. 26, 27 and 28 (map based questions) one outline political map of India is
provided. After completion the work, attach the map inside your answer book.
ix. Questions at Serial Number - 20, 22, 24 & 25 have Internal Choice. Attempt any
one option out of the given in each of these questions.

Q 1. What is an Allegory? State any one example to clarify the same. (1) H
Or
French colonization of Vietnam was based on which two ideas?
Allegory – When an abstract idea for instance, greed, envy,
freedom, liberty is expressed through a person or a thing.
Examples – Statue of Liberty, Marianne, Germania etc.
The Rise of Nationalism in Europe TB Pg 23 Besa, Nagpur 2016-
17 CBSE Paper 2015-16
Or
French colonization of Vietnam was based on economic
exploitation and the civilizing mission.
The Nationalist Movement in Indo- China TB Pg 32, 33 Besa
Nagpur, 2016-17, CBSE Paper 2015-16

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Q 2. Why did woodblock print come to Europe only after 1925? (1) H
Or
What is a „satire‟?
In 1295, Marco Polo, a great explorer, returned to Italy after many
years of exploration in China. China already had the technology
of woodblock printing and Marco Polo brought this knowledge of
woodblock print with him on his return.
Print Culture and the Modern World TB Pg 156
Or
A ‘satire’ is a form of representation through writing, drawing,
painting, etc. that provides a criticism of society in a manner that
is witty and clever.

Novels, Society and History TB Pg 194

Q 3. What is sustainable economic development? (1) G

Sustainable development means developing the resources
without damaging the environment. It also means developing
present resources in such a way that the needs of the future
generations are not compromised.
Resources and Development TB Pg 3

Q 4. What was the Act of 1956 in Sri Lanka? (1) PS

In 1956, an Act was passed to recognise Sinhala as the only
official language, thus disregarding Tamil.
Power Sharing TB Pg 3

Q 5. Why is money called a medium of exchange? (1) E

Investment made by MNCs is called foreign investment
Money and Credit TB Pg 57 Junagarh, 2015-16

Q 6. What do you understand by foreign investment? (1) E

Investment done by MNCs
Globalisation and Indian Economy TB Pg 64 Nandurbar, 2015-16

Q 7. What does, ISI, Hallmark and Agmark assure? (1) E

These logos and certification help consumers get assured of
quality while purchasing the goods and services.
Consumer Rights TB Pg 85 Karad, 2016-17

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Q 8. How did liberalism give rise to economic nationalism? (3) H
Or
Briefly describe the career and achievements of Ho Chi Minh.
Liberalism advocated freedom of individuals in all spheres:
 Unified administration abolished vexatious custom duties on
goods, standardized weights and measures and introduced
uniform currency.
 Encouraged unhindered movement of commercial goods and
by removing obstacle to economic exchange.
 Network of railways for free movement among various
regions and harnessing of economic interests help in
national unification.
The Rise of Nationalism in Europe TB Pg 9, 10 Junagadh, 2016-17
Or
Ho Chi Minh’s career and achievements:
 Active member of the Communist International. Lived in
Europe for 30 years and returned to Vietnam, after Japanese
defeat he became the President of the Democratic Republic of
Vietnam.
 He led the communist party of Vietnam for 40 years,
organized its army called Vietcong and struggled to preserve
autonomy.
 After the US intervention in Vietnam he supported the NLF
with resources and army to fight the mighty US army. He died
on 3rd September in 1969. In his honour the Capital city of
Saigon is named as Ho Chi Minh City.
The Nationalist Movement in Indo-China TB Pg 45, 46, 47
Junagadh, 2016-17

Q 9. Explain the Vernacular Press Act of 1878. (3) H

Or
How did the novel assist in the spread of silent reading?
 In 1878, the Vernacular Press Act was passed, modelled on
the Irish Press Laws.
 It provided the government with extensive rights to censor
reports and editorials in the vernacular press. From now on
the government kept regular track of the vernacular
newspapers published in different provinces.
 When a report was judged as seditious, the newspaper was
warned, and if the warning was ignored, the press was liable
to be seized and the printing machinery confiscated.
Print Culture and the Modern World TB Pg 175
Or
 As late as the nineteenth century and perhaps even in the
early twentieth century, written texts were often read aloud

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 for several people to hear. Sometimes novels were also read
in this way, but in general novels encouraged reading alone
and in silence.
 Individuals sitting at home or travelling in trains enjoyed
them.
 Even in a crowded room, the novel offered a special world of
imagination into which the reader could slip and be all alone.
In this, reading a novel was like daydreaming.
Novels, Society and History TB Pg 193

Q 10. „Irrigation in India has changed the cropping pattern as well as well as (3) G
social landscape. Justify the statement.
 Irrigation has changed the cropping pattern of many regions
with farmers shifting to water intensive and commercial
crops. This has great ecological consequences like
salinization of the soil. At the same time, it has also
transformed the social landscape i.e. increasing the social
gap between the richer landowners and the landless poor. As
we can see, the dams did create conflicts between people
wanting different uses and benefits from the same water
resources. In Gujarat, the Sabarmati-basin farmers were
agitated and almost caused a riot over the higher priority
given to water supply in urban areas, particularly during
droughts.
 Inter-state water disputes are also becoming common with
regard to sharing the costs and benefits of the multi-purpose
project.
Water Resources TB Pg 25

Q 11. State the important features of plantation farming. (3) G

Plantation is also a type of commercial farming. In this type of
farming, a single crop is grown on a large area. The plantation
has an interface of agriculture and industry. Plantations cover
large tracts of land, using capital intensive inputs, with the help
of migrant labourers. All the produce is used as raw material in
respective industries.
Agriculture TB Pg 40, 41

Q 12. Explain the threefold distribution of legislative powers between the (3) PS
union government and the state governments.
For the purpose of making laws, the subjects are divided into
three lists:
 Union List: includes subjects of national importance such as
defence of the country, foreign affairs, banking,
communications and currency. They are included in this list
because we need a uniform policy on these matters

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 throughout the country. The Union Government alone can
make laws relating to the subjects mentioned in the Union
List.
 State List: contains subjects of State and local importance
such as police, trade, commerce, agriculture and irrigation.
The State Governments alone can make laws relating to the
subjects mentioned in the State List.
 Concurrent List: includes subjects of common interest to
both the Union Government as well as the State
Governments, such as education, forest, trade unions,
marriage, adoption and succession. Both the Union as well as
the State Governments can make laws on the subjects
mentioned in this list. If their laws conflict with each other,
the law made by the Union Government will prevail
Federalism TB Pg 16, 17

Q 13. Write three factors that are essential in deciding the outcome of (3) PS
politics of social divisions. Explain anyone with an example.
 Social differences are based on accident of birth. E.g. People
around us are male or female, they are tall and short, have
different kinds of complexions or have different physical
abilities or disabilities.
 Some social differences are based on choices. For example,
some people are atheists. They don’t believe in God or any
religion. Some people choose to follow a religion other than
the one in which they were born.
Democracy and Diversity TB Pg 32

Q 14. Examine with the help of three examples how the dignity and freedom (3) PS
of citizens are best guaranteed in a democracy.
 Dignity of women- Most societies across the world were
historically male dominated societies. Long struggles by
women have created some sensitivity today that respect to
and equal treatment of women are necessary ingredients of a
democratic society.
 Caste inequalities- Democracy in India has strengthened the
claims of the disadvantaged and discriminated castes for
equal status and equal opportunity.
 Public expression of dissatisfaction- A public expression of
dissatisfaction with democracy shows the success of the
democratic project: it transforms people from the status of a
‘subject’ to that of a ‘citizen’. Most individuals today believe
that their vote makes a difference to the way the government
is run and to their own self-interest.
Outcomes of Democracy TB Pg 97, 98

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Q 15. Money alone cannot provide all that makes life worth living. Discuss (3) E
this statement.
Money by itself is not a completely adequate indicator of total
welfare. For example income may be high in industrial colony
but the environment may be polluted. There may be insufficient
provisions for healthcare. The educational facilities for children
may be expensive. In the absence of these facilities high income
alone would not be enough.
Development TB Pg 4
Q 16. “The credit activities of the informal sector should be discouraged.” (3) E
Support the statement with argument.
 The credit activities of the informal sector should be
discouraged because:
 85% of loans taken by the poor households in the urban
areas are from informal sources.
 Informal lenders charge very high interest on their loans.
 They try to charge more and more interest on their loans.
 There are no boundaries and restrictions.
 Higher cost of borrowing means a larger part of the earnings
of the borrowers is used to repay the loan.
 In certain cases, the high interest rate for borrowing can
mean that
 The amount to be repaid is greater than the income of the
borrower.
 This could lead to increasing debt and debt trap, therefore the
credit activities of the informal sector should be discouraged.
Money and Credit, TB Pg 49 Junagarh, 2015-16

Q 17. Chinese toys have taken over the Indian toy market due to (3) E
globalization and promotion of international trade leading to huge
losses to Indian toy manufacturers. Do you think the mantra of
“Boycott and Swadeshi” would be of any help today?
Why or why not?
Value based question: Can have multiple answers.
Students to come up with their own answer which would be
marked on the basis of the value discussed and the validity of
the content.
Globalisation and Indian Economy TB Pg 55-67Chinchwad-Year
not written

Q 18. Explain the structure of Consumer Courts in India. (3) E

Structure of consumer courts
i. District Court
ii. State Court
iii. National Court

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 Consumer Rights, TB Pg 80, 85 Nandurbar -Year Not written

Q 19. Enumerate the importance of silk routes. (5) H

Or
Explain the miserable conditions of the Indian weavers during the
East India Company‟s regime in the eighteenth century.
Or
Explain the characteristics of Marginal Groups in London.
 The name ‘silk routes’ points to the importance of West-
bound Chinese silk cargoes along this route.
 Historians have identified several silk routes, over land and
by sea, knitting together vast regions of Asia, and linking
Asia with Europe and northern Africa.
 They are known to have existed since before the Christian
Era and thrived almost till the fifteenth century. But Chinese
pottery also travelled the same route, as did textiles and
spices from India and Southeast Asia.
 In return, precious metals – gold and silver – flowed from
Europe to Asia. Trade and cultural exchange always went
hand in hand. Early Christian missionaries almost certainly
travelled this route to Asia, as did early Muslim preachers a
few centuries later.
 Much before all this, Buddhism emerged from eastern India
and spread in several directions through intersecting points
on the silk routes.
The Making of a Global World TB Pg 78
Or
Once the East India Company established political power, it
could assert a monopoly right to trade. It proceeded to develop a
system of management and control that would eliminate
competition, control costs, and ensure regular supplies of cotton
and silk goods. This it did through a series of steps.
First: the Company tried to eliminate the existing traders and
brokers connected with the cloth trade, and establish a more
direct control over the weaver. It appointed a paid servant called
the gomastha to supervise weavers, collect supplies, and
examine the quality of cloth. Second: it prevented Company
weavers from dealing with other buyers. One way of doing this
was through the system of advances. Once an order was placed,
the weavers were given loans to purchase the raw material for
their production. Those who took loans had to hand over the
cloth they produced to the gomastha. They could not take it to
any other trader. As loans flowed in and the demand for fine
textiles expanded, weavers eagerly took the advances, hoping to
earn more. Many weavers had small plots of land which they had
earlier cultivated along with weaving, and the produce from this
took care of their family needs. Now they had to lease out the

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 land and devote all their time to weaving. Weaving, in fact,
required the labour of the entire family, with children and women
all engaged in different stages of the process. Soon, however, in
many weaving villages there were reports of clashes between
weavers and gomasthas. Earlier supply merchants had very
often lived within the weaving villages, and had a close
relationship with the weavers, looking after their needs and
helping them in times of crisis. The new gomasthas were
outsiders, with no long-term social link with the village. They
acted arrogantly, marched into villages with sepoys and peons,
and punished weavers for delays in supply – often beating and
flogging them. The weavers lost the space to bargain for prices
and sell to different buyers: the price they received from the
Company was miserably low and the loans they had accepted
tied them to the Company. In many places in Carnatic and
Bengal, weavers deserted villages and migrated, setting up
looms in other villages where they had some family relation.
Elsewhere, weavers along with the village traders revolted,
opposing the Company and its officials. Over time many weavers
began refusing loans, closing down their workshops and taking
to agricultural labour.
The Age of Industrialization TB Pg 115, 116
Or
As London grew, crime flourished. 20,000 criminals were living
in London in the 1870s. A great deal of criminal activities took
place in this period and crime became an object of widespread
concern. The police were worried about law and order,
philanthropists were anxious about public morality, and
industrialists wanted a hard-working and orderly labour force.
So the population of criminals was counted, their activities were
watched, and their ways of life were investigated.

In the mid-nineteenth century, Henry Mayhew wrote several

volumes on the London labour, and compiled long lists of those
who made a living from crime. Many of whom he listed as
‘criminals’ were in fact poor people who lived by stealing lead
from roofs, food from shops, lumps of coal, and clothes drying
on hedges.
There were others who were more skilled at their trade, expert at
their jobs. They were the cheats and tricksters, pickpockets and
petty thieves crowding the streets of London. In an attempt to
discipline the population, the authorities imposed high penalties
for crime and offered work to those who were considered the
‘deserving poor’.
Factories employed large numbers of women in the late
eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. With technological
developments, women gradually lost their industrial jobs, and
were forced to work within households. The 1861 census
recorded a quarter of a million domestic servants in London, of

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 whom the vast majority were women, many of them recent
migrants. A large number of women used their homes to
increase family income by taking in lodgers or through such
activities as tailoring, washing or matchbox making. However,
there was a change once again in the twentieth century. As
women got employment in wartime industries and offices, they
withdrew from domestic service.
Large numbers of children were pushed into low-paid work,
often by their parents. Andrew Mearns, a clergyman who wrote
The Bitter Cry of Outcast London in the 1880s, showed why
crime was more profitable than labouring in small underpaid
factories. His article stated, ‘A child seven years old is easily
known to make 10 shillings 6 pence a week from thieving before
he can gain as much as the young thief [a boy] must make 56
gross of matchboxes a week, or 1,296 a day.’ It was only after the
passage of the Compulsory Elementary Education
Act in 1870, and the factory acts beginning from 1902, that
children were kept out of industrial work.
Work, Life & Leisure TB Pg 129, 130

Q 20. Explain the contribution of Gandhiji to uplift the position of (5) H

Untouchables in the society?
Or
Explain the response of the plantation workers to the Non-
Cooperation Movement started by Gandhiji. What did freedom mean
for them?
 The abstract concept of swaraj did not move the nation’s
untouchables, who from around the 1930s had begun to call
themselves dalits or oppressed.
 The Congress had ignored the dalits for the fear of offending
the sanatanis, the conservative high-caste Hindus. But
Mahatma Gandhi declared that swaraj would not come for a
hundred years if untouchability was not eliminated.
 He called the ‘untouchables’ harijan or the children of God,
organised satyagraha to secure them entry into temples and
access to public wells, tanks, roads and schools.
 He himself cleaned toilets to dignify the work of the bhangi
(the sweepers) and persuaded upper castes to change their
heart and give up ‘the sin of untouchability’.
Nationalism in India TB Pg 67, 68 Chakan, 2016-17
Or
The response of the plantation workers to the Non-Cooperation
Movement are:
 Workers too had their own understanding of Mahatma Gandhi
and the notion of swaraj. For plantation workers in Assam,
freedom meant the right to move freely in and out of the
confined space in which they were enclosed, and it meant
retaining a link with the village from which they had come.

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  Under the Inland Emigration Act of 1859, plantation workers
were not permitted to leave the tea gardens without
permission, and in fact they were rarely given such
permission.
 When they heard of the Non-Cooperation Movement,
thousands of workers defied the authorities, left the
plantations and headed home. They believed that Gandhi Raj
was coming and everyone would be given land in their own
villages.
 They, however, never reached their destination. Stranded on
the way by a railway and steamer strike, they were caught by
the police and brutally beaten up.
Nationalism in India TB Pg 60, 61 Junagadh 2016-17

Q 21. Cotton textile industry has close links with agriculture, Explain. Which (5) G
factors are responsible for the decentralization of cotton textile mills in
India?
 The industry has close links agriculture and providing a living
to farmers, cotton bull pluckers and workers engaged in
ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing, designing, packaging,
tailoring and sewing.
 Agriculture provided raw material to the industry i.e. raw
cotton.
 Factors responsible for decentralization of cotton textile mills
in India are
 Cotton textiles have a very high demand throughout the
country.
 Major inputs like banking, electricity transportation are
available in almost every part of the county.
 Textile industry is labour intensive industry and labour is
easily available in India.
 Textile industry requires less technological inputs and can be
carried out using simple tools and machines.
Manufacturing Industries, TB Pg 68 Chakan, 2015-16

Q 22. Compare and contrast the merits and demerits of Roadways with (5) G
those of Railways.
Or

“Transport and communication are called as the life of national

economy.” Justify the statement by giving suitable reasons.
 Construction cost of roads is much lower than that of railway
lines and construction time is also comparatively less.
 Roads can traverse comparatively more dissected and
undulating topography which is a limitation in case of
railways.
 Roads can negotiate higher gradients of slopes and as such

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 can traverse mountains like the Himalayas, whereas the
mountainous regions are unfavourable for the construction of
railway lines due to high relief, sparse population and lack of
economic opportunities. Likewise, it is difficult to lay railway
lines on the sandy plains in the deserts, swampy or forested
tracks.
 Road transport is economical in transportation of few
persons and relatively smaller amount of goods over short
distances whereas railways are suitable for transportation of
large number of people and goods in bulk, especially over
long distances.
 Roadways provide door-to-door service, thus the cost of
loading and unloading is much lower but railways have not
reached everywhere, still there are places which are yet to be
connected with the railways.
 Road transport is also used as a feeder to other modes of
transport such as they provide a link between railway
stations, air and sea ports. On the other
 Hand railways work as a life line for the economic growth of a
country as they carry raw materials and produced goods from
one part of the nation to another on a large scale. (Any five or
any other valid point)
Lifelines of National Economy TB Pg 84 Chinchwad -Year not
given
Or
 Transportation of goods
 Transportation of people
 Role of communication
 Refer to page 81-92
Lifelines of National Economy TB Pg 81-92 Nandurbar -Year not
given

Q 23. Caste can take various forms in politics. Describe any five forms. (5) PS
Caste can take various forms in politics:
 When parties choose candidates in elections they keep in
mind the caste composition of the electorate and nominate
candidates from different castes so as to muster necessary
support to win elections. When governments are formed,
political parties usually take care that representatives of
different castes and tribes find a place in it.
 Political parties and candidates in elections make appeals to
castes and are seen as their representatives.
 Universal adult franchise and the principle of one-person-
one-vote compelled political leaders to gear up to the task of
mobilising and securing political support. It also brought new
consciousness among the people of castes that were hitherto
treated as inferior and low.

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  No parliamentary constituency in the country has a clear
majority of one caste. So, every candidate and party needs to
win the confidence of more than one caste and community to
win elections.
 No party wins the votes of all the voters of a caste or
community. When people say that a caste is a ‘vote bank’ of
one party, it usually means that a large proportion of the
voters from that caste vote for that party.
 Many political parties may put up candidates from the same
caste (if that caste is believed to dominate the electorate in a
particular constituency). Some voters have more than one
candidate from their caste while many voters have no
candidate from their caste.
 The ruling party and the sitting MP or MLA frequently lose
elections in our country. That could not have happened if all
castes and communities were frozen in their political
preferences. (accept any five points)
Gender, Religion and Caste TB Pg 51, 53

Q 24. What are the various challenges faced by political parties? (5) PS
Or
Elucidate some of the recent efforts taken in our country to reform
political parties and its leaders.

 Lack of internal democracy

 Dynastic succession
 Growing role of money and muscle power
 Parties do not offer a meaningful choice to voters
For explanation to the points refer to Pg 83-84
Political Parties TB Pg 83, 84 Chinchwad, 2015-16
Or
 The Constitution was amended to prevent elected MLAs and
MPs from changing parties. This was done because many
elected representatives were indulging in Defection in order
to become ministers or for cash rewards.
 Now, if any MLA or MP changes parties, he or she will lose
the seat in the legislature. This new law has helped bring
defection down. At the same time this has made any dissent
even more difficult. Mps and MLAS have to accept whatever
the party leaders decide.
 The Supreme Court passed an order to reduce the influence
of money and criminals. Now, it is mandatory for every
candidate who contests elections to file an Affidavit giving
details of his property and criminal cases pending against
him. The new system has made a lot of information available
to the public. But there is no system of check if the

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 information given by the candidates is true.
 The Election Commission passed an order making it
necessary for political parties to hold their organisational
elections and file their income tax returns.
 The parties have started doing so but sometimes it is mere
formality. It is not clear if this step has led to greater internal
democracy in political parties.
Political Parties TB Pg 85, 86 Karad, 2016-17

Q 25. Explain why the tertiary sector has gained importance in production. (5) E
Or
Throw light on the unorganized sector of India.
 Over the forty years between 1971-72 and 2011-2012, while
production in all the three sectors has increased, it has
increased the most in the tertiary sector. There could be
several reasons.
 First, in any country several services such as hospitals,
educational institutions, post and telegraph services, police
stations, courts, village administrative offices, municipal
corporations, defence, transport, banks, insurance
companies, etc. are required. These can be considered as
basic services.
 Second, the development of agriculture and industry leads to
the development of services such as transport, trade, storage
and the like, as we have already seen.
 Third, as income levels rise, certain sections of people start
demanding many more services like eating out, tourism,
shopping, private hospitals, private schools, professional
training etc.
 Fourth, over the past decade or so, certain new services such
as those based on information and communication
technology have become important and essential. The
production of these services has been rising rapidly.
Sectors of Indian Economy TB Pg 20
Or
 The organised sector as we know covers those enterprises or
places of work where the terms of employment are regular
and therefore, people have assured work, in contrast to this
in the unorganised sector workers are paid very low salary.
They are often exploited and not paid a fair wage. Their
earnings are low and not regular. Their jobs are not secure
and have no other benefits.
 In the rural areas, the unorganised sector mostly comprises
of landless agricultural labourers, small and marginal
farmers, sharecroppers and artisans (such as weavers,
blacksmiths,
 Carpenters and goldsmiths). Nearly 80 per cent of rural

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 households in India are in small and marginal farmer
category. These farmers need to be supported through
adequate facility for timely delivery of seeds, agricultural
inputs, credit, storage facilities and marketing outlets.
 In the urban areas, unorganized sector comprises mainly of
workers in small-scale industry, casual workers in
construction, trade and transport etc., and those who work as
street vendors, head load workers, garment makers, rag
pickers etc.
 The casual workers in both rural and urban areas need to be
protected.
Sectors of Indian Economy TB Pg 24

MAP BASED QUESTIONS

Q 26. Locate and label the place in the given outline political map of India: (1) H
A place associated with the calling off of the Non-Cooperation
movement by Gandhiji. Chauri Chaura (Nationalism in India)
Karad, 2016-17

Q 27. Locate and label the place in the given outline political map of India: (1) H
The place where the session of the Indian National Congress was
held in1929. Lahore (Nationalism in India) Karad, 2016-17/Chakan,
2015-16

Q 28. Locate and label the following features on the given outline political (3) G
map of India:
a. Vishakhapatnam Port 1
b. Naraura Nuclear Plant 1

Identify the following places marked on the same given outline (0.5 +
political map of India and write their names 0.5 = 1)
c. Coal mine- Neyveli
d. Oil Fields – Mumbai High
Mineral and Energy Resources TB Pg 59 and 61

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