What is INJURY?

How can the possibility of getting injured while

• Are damaged tissues or organs which occur when it
encounters trauma or physical force that is greater
than what it can resist to absorb.
• Tissues are able to withstand varying degrees of
stress and strain but will break down if it experiences
an impact that is stronger than what it can tolerate.
• Factors influencing the ability of our tissues or organs
to effectively resist or absorb forces include inherent
abnormality, age, technique, fitness level, equipment,
and environmental aspects.
• Tissues and organs react to the impact and direction
of the Force, those force are the following.
Tensile Forces
are those that act away from the center of the
structure, causing a pull or stretch.
Compressive Forces
impact the center causing I to bend or fold.
Shear Forces
are opposing forces towards the different ends of the
structure causing it to twist.
Types of Sports Injuries
Acute injuries
Strain- is a twist, pull, or tear of
muscle and tendon.
Sprain- are overstretched
ligaments.
Fracture- are more common in
growing bones because
it is less dense (upper limb: hand and
forearm)
Dislocation- commonly occur in joints
that allow greater range of
motion.
Concussion- are life threatening injuries
because they disrupt the
normal function of the brain. A
severe bloe in the head could
cause a blood vesses in the
brain to rupture.
Chronic injuries
Stress fracture- commonly occur among
runners who train for a long
period of time without
adequate rest period. The
repetitive workload creates
microtrauma as thick as a
strand of hair in the bone and
gets bigger overtime.
Tendinopathy/tendinitis- due to muscle
imbalance between muscle
pair. The pain usually eases
during activity but will worsen
after playing.
Osteoarthritis- is the wear and tear of
the joint that results to its
deterioration. The friction
deteriorates the cartilage that
protects the bones from
rubbing against each other.
Bursitis- the bursa is a sac-like
musculoskeletal structure that
provides support and
cushioning to the joint. It
protects commonly used joints
such as the shoulders and the
knee from repetitive
mechanical stress. This injury is
common in swimmers and
runners.
Sports Injury Prevention
 Adopt a comprehensive training program. a
comprehensive training program goes beyond
addressing the fitness parameters such as aerobic
capacity and strength.
 use protective equipment and practice correct
technique
 incorporate recovery strategies in the training
program
 follow rules and decorum during competition
training be minimized?
• Proper attire
• Proper technique
• Gym etiquette
Ask for spotter when lifting loads close to 1RM.
Do not drop the barbell at the end of the set.
Put weights and dumbbells on designated tracks.
Be aware of the exercise area for each
equipment.
Do not use mobile phone while in gym.
On a track, inner lane is for walking while outer
lane is for running.
Do not engage in horseplay nor in a loud voice.
Do not wear loose jewelry while working out.
• Proper environmental condition
• Adequate recovery
How to choose the right kind of shoes?
• Choose a shoe specific to the sport or
activity
• Determine appropriate shoe size
• Evaluate foot movement pattern
Is injury evaluation the same as diagnosis?
- Injury evaluation is NOT the same as
diagnosis.
- The doctor is the only person allowed to
diagnose a patient.
- Evaluation happens in the field while the
diagnostic process occurs in the doctor’s
clinic.
- The first part of the evaluation process is
called the PRIMARY SURVEY.
IN PERFORMING A CPR.
 The person performing the CPR should
compress the chest at a rate of 100 times
minute.

If the first responder is willing to give
rescue breaths, he/she may do so after
every 30 compressions.
SPORTS

(Inventor, facilities and equipment {measurement

only}, basic skills, point system)

1. Basketball
2. Badminton
3. Table tennis
4. Bowling
5. Taekwondo
6. Skating
7. Football
8. Track and field