UNIT

Pollution
2

BASIC COMPETENCY

Listening Skill The students are able to understand spoken text about
pollution.

Speaking Skill The students are able to pronounce and communicate in

English in the topic of pollution.

Reading Skill The students are able to read simple text with good
pronunciation and intonation as well as able to
understand simple text.

Writing Skill The students are able to write short paragraph.

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 Listening

Exercise 1

Listen to 6 short news reports about environmental problems. Match

the report to the correct photo !

Listen to an expert talking about light pollution. Choose the best

answer (A, B, C or D) for each of these questions !
1. The odd thing about light pollution is that most people

don't see it on a day to day basis.

have never witnessed it.

don't want legislation to stop it.

don't have much knowledge about it.

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2. Speaking about the stars, Susan makes a comparison with twenty years ago in
order to show

that the situation is deteriorating.

that tougher legislation is needed.

that cities are getting bigger.

that there are fewer stars than in the past.

3. A positive benefit of reducing light pollution that Susan mentions is

the US could import less foreign oil.

the US wouldn't need to burn coal to produce electricity.

the US could stop importing oil after a few months.

the US could export more oil to foreign countries.

4. Which of these people does Susan not mention with reference to the light
pollution problem?

Criminals

Pilots

Drivers

Amateur astronomers

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5. What is the best definition of "light trespass" as described by Susan?

Using light sources which do not meet international standards.

Using too strong a light source which creates dark shadows.

Using light sources that allow light to escape into areas surrounding the
parking lot, building, etc.

Using light sources that allow light to escape upwards into the sky.

6. Which of these measures does Susan not mention when talking about what we
as individuals can do to reduce light pollution?

Only buy light fittings from a recognized store.

Not to use light bulbs without a cover.

Contacting politicians.

Use downward facing lighting.

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 Speaking

Exercise 1

Practice this conversation with your friends !

AIR POLLUTION

Elsa: "What do you think about air pollution?

Helen: "I think air pollution is air pollution which is very harmful to
human health, animals, plants because the air condition is not pure
anymore.
Elsa: "Then where did the air pollution come from?
Helen: "As far as I know, air pollution can come from vehicle fumes,
factory smoke, cigarette smoke, volcanic eruptions, and so on.
Elsa: "You're so clever, Helen, thank you for your explanation so my
insights are growing again.
Helen: "Do not mention it.
Elsa:" According to your opinion, How can water pollution occur?
Helen: "As far as I know, Because of the use of hazardous substances
or toxic substances derived from various things or sources that are
fuming."
Elsa: "Can you explain more about where water contamination started?
Helen: "of course, Elsa. So, the cause of water pollution can come from
human actions that live on the edge of the river that usually makes
dirt and garbage. But the main cause of water pollution actually comes
from industrial waste disposal because factory waste is usually
dumped in the river or ocean
Elsa: "Thank you very much for your explanation, your knowledge is
very wide, Helen.
Helen: Ok, please Do not praise me that way.
Elsa: "It's all you deserve, Helen.

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 Exercise 2

Make a simple dialog in a pair and practice it in front of your friends !

Reading

Read this passage carefully !

A POLLUTED WORLD
The environment has been polluted in many different ways. The
three major ways are water, land and air pollution. Water pollution is
the contamination of lakes, caused by human activities. It can be
harmful to organisms and plants which live in the water.

Water pollution occurs when wastes are discharged from waste

water treatment plants. Other known causes are factory wastes or
leaking underground tanks. These can be chemical substances that are
toxic. The polluted water can cause cholera and typhoid fever. Water
pollution has led to the deaths of more than 14,000 people daily.

Land pollution is the destruction of the earth’s land

surfaces. It is often caused by human activities such as careless
disposal of wastes, over-mining of minerals and wrong use of land for
planting. All these will affect our health in the long run. They will lead
to all kinds of diseases such as cancer, heart disease and breathing
problems. Land pollution also brings about natural disasters such as
flash floods and landslides.

Air pollution is also the result of human activity where

chemicals and other dangerous materials are released into the air.
This happens through the release of carbon monoxide gas from
exhaust pipes of motor vehicles. Other gases such as sulphur oxides
are released from the burning of coal and oil. High air pollution levels

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can cause damage to the environment. It also brings discomfort to
humans and other living organisms. In the long term, air pollution can
cause serious breathing problems, lung cancer and heart disease.

Exercise 1

Underline at least 10 difficult word from the text and determine the
best meaning based on the context !

Exercise 2

Based on the passage, answer the following questions !

1. How many ways is the environment being polluted?

a. Two
b. Four
c. Three
d. Five
2. What type of diseases caused by polluted water?
a. Cholera and typhoid fever
b. Breathing problems and cancer
c. Heart disease and typhoid fever
d. Cholera and breathing problems
3. The word in the passage refers to the
a. diseases
b. air pollution
c. land pollution
d. water pollution
4. Which of the following causes land pollution?
a. Toxic factory wastes
b. Over-mining of minerals
c. Burning of coal and oil
d. Leaking underground tanks
5. From the passage, we know that air pollution
a. bring about typhoid fever
b. happens when lands are being destroyed
c. takes place when lakes are contaminated
d. happens when exhaust pipes release carbon monoxide

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 Writing

Vocab :

acid rain carbon monoxide nuclear

energy solar energy global warming waste
wildlife

Passive Sentence : Simple Present Tense

A sentence is written in passive voice when the subject of the

sentence has an action done to it by someone or something else.

If we want to make passive sentences in simple present tense, we need

is, am, are. Here is the formula for making passive sentences in simple
present tense:

Positive: Subject + is / am / are + past participle / V3

Negative: Subject + is / am / are + Not + Past Participle

Question: is / am / are + Subject + Past Participle

Characteristic features :

1. The subject is a sufferer.

2. The meaning of the verb begins, or is done.

3. The passive sentence in English always uses the 3rd form verb /
past participle. For more details, consider the example below:

Active: Lia Maemun makes a strawberry cake.

Passive: A strawberry cake is made by Lia Maemun

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 Exercise 1
1. …………………………………
make 5 ………….
sentences 2. …………………………………
related with ………….
3. …………………………………
pollution in a
………….
passive 4. …………………………………
sentence. ………….
5. …………………………………
………….

Exercise 2

Write your
opinion about
global
warming in
the box
beside.

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