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Histology #06
Histology #06
Faculty OF Medicine
Lecture no: 6
DATE: 15-7-2008
In these 2 process the essential process is the same ,and the very essential
process is the presence of osteoblast(bone forming cell)
Page 18
Primary center ossification appears in the embryo at the end of 8 week ( the
end of the second month of intrauterine life )
These changes appears in the middle of hyaline cartilaginous model (the future
shaft)
By the way:
Calcified matrix of cartilage is basophilic ( blue )
*After calcification of cartilage the lacunae open ( large spaces ) and between
it there are (divisions )which are the remnants of the calcified cartilage
*in the middle of cartilage there are cavities & dead cell that make it more
weak soooooooo we need compensatory mechanism periosteal
collar
How the shaft of femur was formed ? from primary center ossification
……………………………………..from periosteal collar .
Page 19
*At birth the shaft is bony and the ends are still cartilage
*Each end have 1 or more secondary center ossification
* in the secondary ossification center (no periosteal collar )
* the shaft of long bone is diaphysis
( developed from primary center ossification )
* end of bone is epiphysis ( developed from secondary center ossification )
Page 20
Some hormones like ( testerone ) will affect on proliferation ( stop) then stop
the growth in length
.
Page 24
Growing end : in which the ossification appears earlier than other end and the
fusion between diaphysis & epiphysis take long time
* growing end in upper limp ( distal end of radius & ulna , proximal end of
hummers ) the growing toward the elbow joint
* growing end in lower limp( knee , lower end of femur , upper end of tibia &
fibula ) the growth of femur from down to above ,but in tibia from above to
down )
Exception!!!!!!!
The fibula in the upper end the ossification is late and the fusion also
BUT in the lower end the ossification is earlier and the fusion also
Because the fusion is more important so the growing end is still the upper end
Page 25
Page 29
* fibrous joint = bones articulate by dense connective tissue
Example –inferior tibio fibula joint during standing it doesn’t move to
five more stability than movement
* wrist
4-movements ( add, abd , ext ,flex)
Biaxial
Illbsoid(check the spelling )
Hinge parietal joint
Intraparticular structure
Examples :
1-shoulder joint ( long head of bicep pass through the capsule but it
intracaspsular & extrasynovial )
2- knee joint ( cruciate ligaments ……….the same )
Additional notes
* if the spongy bone have small cavities that is mean it convert to
compact bone
وددت أن ﻋﻨﺪي وﺻﻔﺔ ﲮﺮﻳﺔ أﻟﻘﳱﺎ ﻋﲆ ﳘﻮﻣﻚ وﲽﻮﻣﻚ و أﺣﺰاﻧﻚ ,ﻓﺈذا ﱔ ﰷﻟﻨﺴﻤﺔ اﻟﺮﻗﻴﻘﺔ .......
ﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ أﻳﻦ ﱄ ﺑﺬكل ؟؟؟
ﻓﺄﻧﱲ أﻫﻞ اﻟﻄﺐ واﻟﻌﲅ
وﻟﻜﻦ أﺧﱪك ﺑﻮﺻﻔﺔ ﻃﺒﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻴﺎدة ﻋﻠﲈء اﳌةل وﻋﺸﺎاااااق اﳉﻨﺔ
وﱔ اﻋﺒﺪ اﳋﺎﻟﻖ وارض ابﻟﺮزق وﺳﲅ ابﻟﻘﻀﺎء وازﻫﺪ ﰲ ادلﻧﻴﺎ وﺗﻮاﺿﻊ ﻟﻠﺨﻠﻖ وارﺗﻖ ابﻟﻌﲅ