DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WASTE PLASTIC BOTTLE RECYCLING MACHINE

PROJECT SYNOPSIS

ON

“DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WASTE PLASTIC BOTTLE

RECYCLING MACHINE”

Submitted to the department of Mechanical Engineering partial Fulfilment of

requirements for the degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Under The Supervision of

DR. N. K MISHRA
( HEAD OF DEPARTMENT )
Submitted By

SHIV NARAYAN TIWARI

(1605640073) SANTOSH KUMAR MAURYA
(1605640066)
VIVEK OJHA
(1605640090)
VIPUL KUMAR MISHRA (1605640091)

BABU BANARASI DASH NORTHERN INDIA INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY LUCKNOW
AFFILIATED TO

DR.A.P.J.ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

LUCKNOW (U.P)
(2019-2020)

ME DEPARTMENT BBDN IIT LUCKNOW P a g e 1 | 16

 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WASTE PLASTIC BOTTLE RECYCLING MACHINE

Contents
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................. 6

Objective .................................................................................................. 6

Introduction .............................................................................................. 7

SCOPE OF WORK: .................................................................................. 8

PROBLEM DEFINATION ....................................................................... 9

Literature survey ....................................................................................... 9

METHODOLOGY.................................................................................. 10

Reference design: .................................................................................... 12

MATERIAL SELECTION ................................................................ 12

FACILITES REQUIRED FOR PROPOSED WORK.......................... 13

HARDWARE USED ................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Application ............................................................................................. 14

Advantage .............................................................................................. 14
Disadvantage .......................................................................................... 15

Future scope ........................................................................................... 15

References .............................................................................................. 15

ME DEPARTMENT BBDN IIT LUCKNOW P a g e 2 | 16

 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WASTE PLASTIC BOTTLE RECYCLING MACHINE

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the project report entitled “DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF
WASTE PLASTIC BOTTLE RECYCLING MACHINE” submitted is our
original work and the report has not formed the basis for the award of any degree,
associate ship, fellowship or any other similar title.

Signature:

Name:

ME DEPARTMENT BBDN IIT LUCKNOW P a g e 3 | 16

 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WASTE PLASTIC BOTTLE RECYCLING MACHINE

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project report entitled “DESIGN AND FABRICATION
OF WASTE PLASTIC BOTTLE RECYCLING MACHINE” is the bona fide
work carried out by students of “College Name” during the year 2016 in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of B. Tech. The report
has not formed the basis for the award previously of any degree, diploma, associate
ship, fellowship or any other similar title.

Signature of the guide:

Date:

ME DEPARTMENT BBDN IIT LUCKNOW P a g e 4 | 16

 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WASTE PLASTIC BOTTLE RECYCLING MACHINE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It gives me great pleasure to express my gratitude and heart full thanks to all those
who are helping me in complete this project.

I want to thank to “guide name”, who has always encouraged and help me in
making this project. In addition to this, I am grateful to other faculties too who made
me in right direction and gave me their precious time and expert guidance whenever
necessary through which I could achieve this extent.

At last but not the least I am feeling glad to say about my family whose
wishes are always with me, without which it was not possible for me to reach this
extent.

I hope my work is praised and my efforts render fruitful result.

THANK YOU

Signature:

Name:

ME DEPARTMENT BBDN IIT LUCKNOW P a g e 5 | 16

 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WASTE PLASTIC BOTTLE RECYCLING MACHINE

ABSTRACT
Plastic causes serious environmental problems. Although they are not intrinsically
dangerous, they take up a huge amount of space in landfills and they are made from a
non-renewable resource, namely fossil fuels for this reasons it is important that, where
possible plastics are recycled. Polyethylene terephthalate or PET (also known as PETE)
is one of the most common types of plastic. Most single-serve plastic bottles, including
those for water, soft drinks and juices, are made with PET. The use of plastic is
increased now days in many industries like automobile, packaging, medical, etc. The
reason behind this is that the plastic made things are quiet easier to manufacture, handle
and reliable to use. So the plastic goods manufacturing industries are striving hard to
produce good quality products at large scale and cheaper cost. The hydraulically
operated machines or larger machining operation machining in larger industry solve the
problem, but they are too costlier for small scale and medium scale industries. This
project deals with design and fabrication of waste plastic recycling machine. The
manually operated machine which uses small electricity power consumption and
convert into mechanical machining operation by using gear transmission by using gear
motor by applying proper design procedure. A plastic recycle machine includes
assembly of mechanical components like gear motor, frame, heating-coil, stands for
plastic bottle holding etc. .We have made product which having mainly metallic parts
which is of mild steel.

Objective
1) Recycle the plastic /pet bottle.

2) To utilize the plastic from domestic and industrial waste to

reproduce useful components

Like mats, plastic strip, plastic bucket etc.

ME DEPARTMENT BBDN IIT LUCKNOW P a g e 6 | 16

 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WASTE PLASTIC BOTTLE RECYCLING MACHINE

3) Optimization of Plastic Recycling Machine by doing simple

machine, compact, light-weight.

4) To reduce the solid plastic waste.

Introduction
Recycling has been debated endlessly for many years now. There are two points of
view regarding this issue. The argument in support of recycling concerns the negative
impact of waste and emissions on our planet. The counter case is that costs undertaken
to recycle are larger than the revenue returns. Only recycles 5% of its plastic waste
even though it is one of the largest industrial cities in the country and there is growing
concern about its part in the release of greenhouse gases from industry and the waste
system. Decreasing greenhouse gas emissions is also favorable to all for
environmental reasons. The trend between the emissions and the cost can be deduced.
It will be a strong, positive, linear correlation. The cost and the emissions can be kept
low simultaneously using an increased recycle rate. It is important to note that several
assumptions were made in the calculations. One assumption made is that only the
production Energy contributes emissions; incineration has not been taken into
account. Actually, incineration contributes largely to the outcome as 30% of waste in
Houston is incinerated, emitting large volumes of gases. The cost of raw material is
assumed as the price of crude oil. Methane, an emission from landfill plastic waste,
has been omitted. Together with other such assumptions, results can alter greatly. One
should realize that Tierney has also made assumptions in his work. He may have
chosen specific assumptions to induce his data to imitate his viewpoint. We states that
a loss will always be incurred by the faction attempting to recycle because the cost of
plastic production is already at its cheapest. We believe that the current 5% recycle
rate is too low a recycle rate as the money saved is not enough incentive for large-
scale process. 4% is saved economically and emissions are reduced by 2.4%. These
numbers are much too small to have a substantial current effect.

ME DEPARTMENT BBDN IIT LUCKNOW P a g e 7 | 16

 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WASTE PLASTIC BOTTLE RECYCLING MACHINE

Actually, incineration contributes largely to the outcome as 30% of waste in Houston

is incinerated, emitting large volumes of gases. The cost of raw material is assumed as
the price of crude oil. Methane, an emission from landfill plastic waste, has been
omitted. Together with other such assumptions, results can alter greatly. One should
realize that Tierney has also made assumptions in his work. He may have chosen
specific assumptions to induce his data to imitate his viewpoint. We states that a loss
will always be incurred by the faction attempting to recycle because the cost of plastic
production is already at its cheapest. We believe that the current 5% recycle rate is too
low a recycle rate as the money saved is not enough incentive for large-scale process.
4% is saved economically and emissions are reduced by 2.4%. These numbers are
much too small to have a substantial current effect.

SCOPE OF WORK:
We can produce different types of domestic and industry al products by recycling the
west plastic. Plastics crushed can be melted and can be used to produce different kind
of product but it is an extremely laborious work .Hence we need a simple machine
which will reduce the human efforts. Plastic recycling machine is a simple machine,
compact, light-weight.

The trivial life cycle is the cheapest method but it does not show us data that can be
compared with the type of data that was collected for this report such as environmental
(less emission) benefits. Whether the city is cleaner to reduce emissions or keener to
reduce the costs of the plastic life cycle, the solution is to recycle at a higher rate as
both will be affected by this..

ME DEPARTMENT BBDN IIT LUCKNOW P a g e 8 | 16

 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WASTE PLASTIC BOTTLE RECYCLING MACHINE

PROBLEM DEFINATION
Proble m Identification :( Recycling waste plastic) Now a days the plastic bottles
,supporting frames etc. are normally used after use these plastics are disposed of they
take lot of space and as it is this increases pollution .Hence this can have to be
recycled taking in consideration and environmental concerns Plastics crushed can be
melted and can be used to produce different kind of product but it is an extremely
laborious work .Hence we need a simple machine which will reduce the human
efforts. Plastic recycling machine is a simple machine, compact, light-weight.

Literature survey
AlirezaAkbarzadeh and Mohammad
Sadeghi”Parameter Study in Plastic Injection Molding
Process using Statistical Methods and IWO Algorithm”
International Journal of Modeling and Optimization, Vol. 1,
No. 2, June 2011 pp-141
Dimensional changes because of shrinkage is one of the most important problems in
production of plastic parts using injection molding. In this study, effect of
injectionmolding parameters on the shrinkage in polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene
(PS) is investigated. The relationship between input and output of the process is
studied using regression method and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) technique. To
do this, existing data is used. The selected input parameters are melting temperature,
injection pressure, packing pressure and packing time. Effect of these parameters on
the shrinkage ofabove mentioned materials is studied using mathematical modelling.
For modelling the process, different types of regressio n equations including linear
polynomial, Quadratic polynomial and logarithmic function, are used to interpolate
experiment data

[2]Prof. S. B. Khedkar1, Prof. R. D. Thakre2, Prof. Y. V.

Mahantare3, Mr. Ravi Gondne4 “Study of Implementing 5S Techniques in Plastic
Moulding”
International Journal of Modern Engineering
Research (IJMER) Vol.2, Issue.5, Sep.-Oct. 2012 pp3653-3656.It will impact the
instructors and workman of Industry that work within the selected place. By following

ME DEPARTMENT BBDN IIT LUCKNOW P a g e 9 | 16

 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WASTE PLASTIC BOTTLE RECYCLING MACHINE

the 5S methodology, this research effort may show significant improvements to

safety, productivity, efficiency, and housekeeping. The research documents
improvements by using before and after pictures. It also intends to build a stronger
work ethic within the workman and engineer who would be expected to continue the
good practices.

[3]Poonam G. Shukla, Gaurav P. Shukla”Design& Fabrication of Pneumatically

Operated Plastic Injection Molding Machine” International Journal of
Engineering and Innovative Technology (IJEIT) Volume 2, Issue 7, January 2013
pp-98.The use of plastic is increased now days in many industries like automobile,
packaging, medical, etc. The reason behind this is that the plastic made things are
quiet easier to manufacture industries. This paper deals with design and fabrication of
pneumatically operated injection plastic molding machine. The manually operated
machine is converted into pneumatically operated machine by applying proper design
procedure.

METHODOLOGY
Analytical Design and formula analysis:
Material use as MILD STEEL, so the properties and composition of
mild steel is as:

ME DEPARTMENT BBDN IIT LUCKNOW P a g e 10 | 16

 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WASTE PLASTIC BOTTLE RECYCLING MACHINE

GEAR FORMULA (SPUR GEAR):

ME DEPARTMENT BBDN IIT LUCKNOW P a g e 11 | 16

 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WASTE PLASTIC BOTTLE RECYCLING MACHINE

Reference design:

MATERIAL SELECTION

Sno Description Size/Qty Material Price

1 Base frame 2.5x1.5 feet Cast Iron 350

2 10mm Rod 1.5 feet / 3 Cast Iron 120

3 5mm/ 1.5inch disk 4 Cast Iron 200

4 12V 7Ah battery 1 Lead acid 700

5 Blower 12V 1 copper 500

6 Aluminum hollow 0.5inch/ 20 feet Cast Iron 200

Pipe
7 Iron plate 15x4 inch 0.5mm thick Cast Iron 50

8 Blades 3 Stainless 200

steel
9 Gear DC motor 2 copper 150
10RPM
10 Plastic roller 1 Plastic 80

ME DEPARTMENT BBDN IIT LUCKNOW P a g e 12 | 16

 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WASTE PLASTIC BOTTLE RECYCLING MACHINE

FACILITES REQUIRED FOR PROPOSED WORK

 Mechanical workshop

 Lathe machine

 Welding machine

 Milling machine

 Drilling machine

 Hacksaw machine

 Tool kit

TURNING
Turning is the operation of reducing a cylindrical surface by removing material from
the outside diameter of a work piece. It is done by rotating the work piece about the
lathe axis and feeding the tool parallel to the lathe axis. Due to this operation screw
rod and head are done by the turning operation to get the required shape.

FACING
Machining the end of the work piece to produce flat surface is called facing. Due to
this, the plate can get flat surface have done by the facing operation.

DRILLING
Drilling is the operation of producing cylindrical hole in work piece. It is done by
rotating the cutting edge of the cutter known as drill bit. In this Project the jig plates
require holes for locating indexing plate and screw rod, drill bush assembly. These
holes are done by conventional vertical drilling machine.

ME DEPARTMENT BBDN IIT LUCKNOW P a g e 13 | 16

 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WASTE PLASTIC BOTTLE RECYCLING MACHINE

THREAD CUTTING
Thread cutting is the operation of forming external thread of required diameter of rod
by using a multipoint tool is called thread. This process is used in screw clamp to
done on the rod which is used for the movement of the movable plate

FINE GRINDING
It is nothing but the grinding process, which is done as smooth with fine grains. This
is done as the each plate and base plate for good surface finish. It is done by
conventional grinding machine.

GAS CUTTING
It is used to break are cut the plates. In this project it is used to cut the raw materials
such as plates. This done by gas cutting machine.

SHAPING
Shaping operation is used to reduce the dimensions of the plates. In this project the
plates are in need of shaping process. It is done by shaping machine.

WELDING
It is the process, which is used to join two, is more similar materials as well as
dissimilar materials. In this project it is used to join the jig plate one to another. This
is done by arc welding machine.

Application

 Plastic bottle recycling

 Plastic ribbon manufacturing.

Advantage
It will reduce the plastic waste pollution.

ME DEPARTMENT BBDN IIT LUCKNOW P a g e 14 | 16

 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WASTE PLASTIC BOTTLE RECYCLING MACHINE

Disadvantage
It needs regular electricity to run.

Future scope
We can use solar energy to run the machine.

We can connect a microcontroller to fully automate the system.

References
1. AlirezaAkbarzadeh and Mohammad Sadeghi”Parameter Study in Plastic
Injection Molding Process using Statistical Methods and IWO Algorithm” International
Journal of Modeling and Optimization, Vol. 1, No. 2, June 2011 pp-141
2. Prof. S. B. Khedkar1, Prof. R. D. Thakre2, Prof. Y. V. Mahantare3, Mr. Ravi
Gondne4 “Study of Implementing 5S Techniques in Plastic Moulding” International
Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) Vol.2, Issue.5, Sep.-Oct. 2012 pp-3653-
3656
3. Poonam G. Shukla, Gaurav P. Shukla”Design& Fabrication of Pneumatically
Operated Plastic Injection Molding Machine” International Journal of Engineering and
Innovative Technology (IJEIT) Volume 2, Issue 7, January 2013 pp-98
4. Madan Mohan Reddy .K*, Ajitha .B** and Bhavani .R”Melt-DensifiedPost
Consumer Recycled Plastic Bags Used As Light Weight Aggregate In Concrete”Madan
Mohan Reddy
5. K, Ajitha .B, Bhavani .R / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com Vol. 2, Issue4, July-August 2012,
pp.1097-1101

ME DEPARTMENT BBDN IIT LUCKNOW P a g e 15 | 16

 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF WASTE PLASTIC BOTTLE RECYCLING MACHINE

Shop online @ www.eroletech.com

Call Now: +91 7007957715, +91 7081584848
Email: eroletech@gmail.com

Also deals in Electronic Kits, Components, Modules & Mechanical Parts

Lowest Cost Guaranty

ME DEPARTMENT BBDN IIT LUCKNOW P a g e 16 | 16