LNG and Low

Temperature Gas Storage

www.oerlikon-welding.com
OERLIKON Welding Solutions for LNG
and Low Temperature Gas Storage

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
OERLIKON Solutions for LNG and Low Temperature Gas Storage . . . 3

Consumables
LNG Onshore storage
■ Background and Construction Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 to 6
■ Fabrication Guidelines - Welding Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 to 9

OERLIKON consumables selection

■ Summary of Welding Consumables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 to 11
■ Classification Society Approvals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 to 13

Product Focus: Welding Consumables for Low Alloy

Ferritic steels for low temperature service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Other Gas Storage and Low Temperature Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

■ Propane ■ Acetylene ■ Argon
■ Ammonia ■ Carbon Dioxide ■ Oxygen
■ Ethane ■ Ethylene

Associated stainless steel applications ............................... 16

Consumables Packaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

Arc Equipment
■ MIG/MAG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 19
■ TIG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
■ MMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
■ Plasma Cutting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Automation
■ Automatic Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
■ Automatic Cutting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Personal Protection Equipment, PPE

and Workplace Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Conversion Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 to 28
Welding Positions .................................................. 29

1
 Introduction

Air Liquide SA, with its headquarters in Paris, France,

is one of Europe’s larger multinational companies
with a consolidated turnover of € 15.2 billion in 2013.

Air Liquide Welding is represented throughout the world by
individual companies with a brand portfolio optimised locally
to the needs of all types of customers. OERLIKON brand
is an important part of this portfolio and has a long and
distinguished history of innovation in welding products.
These Air Liquide Welding companies are involved in many
different areas of OERLIKON product design, development
and application. Organised in Poles of Excellence, our Research
& Development & Industrialisation teams are located in 3
manufacturing units in Due Carrare (Italy), Pont-Sainte-Maxence
(France) and Eisenberg (Germany).
This facilitates the rapid transfer and implementation of
important innovations and advances in welding technology
throughout the whole of the OERLIKON global network.
The utilisation of the strengths and experience of this network
enables OERLIKON to maintain its position and international
reputation for innovative leadership at the forefront of advanced
welding technology in both welding consumables and
increasingly equipment and processes.
With this background, OERLIKON has generated a proven
history of supplying welding consumables on an ongoing basis
for the most demanding and critical cryogenic applications
such as LNG storage and for applications requiring high levels
of fracture toughness at low temperatures.
OERLIKON has continued to work closely with owners,
construction contractors and fabricators to supply customised
solutions through performance and innovation by developing
and supplying welding consumables and processes capable of
meeting the stringent mechanical property specifications and
increasingly the demands for enhanced welding productivity.
OERLIKON welding consumables are now accompanied
by extensive ranges of high quality arc welding and cutting
equipment, manual through to fully automated installations,
flame and workplace products.

2
OERLIKON Welding Solutions
for LNG and Low Temperature Gas Storage

The value of international expertise:

Quality Flexibility
OERLIKON has a total commitment to quality. The product ranges The OERLIKON product range is continuously developing in
are manufactured in group production facilities, all of which are ISO response to changing technological requirements. For example,
certified. Detailed certification for welding consumables is supplied as new steel types are developed and used, as new more
as a matter of routine and customers’ special quality requirements demanding applications are developed, so OERLIKON reacts
for increased frequency of batch testing or specialised certification to provide the right products, regularly meeting engineering
are also readily accommodated. Large single batches of welding departments and major manufacturers at the design stage to
consumables, with specialised testing, are regularly supplied to ensure optimum welding solutions.
customers fabricating LNG storage tanks.
Information
Technical Service All OERLIKON products are backed by a full technical information
OERLIKON’s involvement with its products does not stop at package, which is available in printed or electronic format, on the
manufacture. OERLIKON provides a close and detailed participation OERLIKON web sites. Product information is written to enable the
with the application of products, right from the initial selection to professional welding engineer to select the correct OERLIKON
welding characteristics on site. A team of highly qualified engineers product for the application. In order to elaborate the technology of
is ready to respond, with the objective of providing technologically the product range in more detail, technical articles are available in the
relevant and practical solutions. For technically demanding journal of OERLIKON’s welding and cutting expertise, “Competence”.
applications, please consult OERLIKON Technical service. A large
information base is at the service of every customer to ensure the
Track Record
OERLIKON is a technological innovator and major supplier of
most cost effective selection of process and welding procedure to
welding products to large industries. A track record of highly
meet the needs of any application.
successful products combining quality and technology with
Specification Min service Process / technical service has been firmly established.
Steel Type
of BM temperature °C product stored
Fine Grained EN10028-3 Ammonia,
-50 °C
C/Mn steel P460NL2 Propane (LPG)
EN 10028-4
0.5% Ni 11MnNi5-3 -60 °C LPG, Propylene
13MnNi6-3
EN10028-4 -60 °C /
1.5% Ni steel Ammonia, Propane
15NiMn6 -80 °C
-60 °C /
2.5% Ni steel ASTM A203 Gr.B Ammonia, Propane
-80 °C
ASTM A203 Gr.E-F Carbon dioxide,
3.5% Ni steel -101 °C
EN 10028-4 12Ni14 Acetylene, Ethane
5% Ni steel EN 10028-4 X12Ni5 -120 °C Ethylene (LEG)
A353/A553 Methane (LNG),
9% Ni steel -196 °C
EN 10028-4 X8Ni9 Oxygen, Argon
Austenitic Nitrogen,
304L, 316L -273 °C
Stainless steel Hydrogen, Helium

Demand the Welding Expertise

2010-807

For details of the complete product range,

consult www.oerlikon-welding.com

3
 LNG Onshore Storage:
Background and Construction Considerations

Natural gas represents a significant part of total world energy

consumption, driven by both economic & ecological advantages.
The reserves of natural gas are generally remote from the points
of consumption, leading to major investments in transportation
and storage.

Natural gas cooled to -162 °C at atmospheric pressure 9%Ni steel specifications and a summary of mechanical
condenses to a liquid known as liquid natural gas or LNG. properties are shown below:
LNG is an efficient route for transportation and storage as the Yield Tensile Elon- CVN
Specification
liquid gas occupies ~1/600th the volume of natural gas. Strength Strength gation at -196 °C

A 553 > 585 MPa 690-825 MPa > 20% > 34 J

Material selection for LNG large storage tanks A 353 > 515 MPa 690-825 MPa > 20% > 34 J
9% Ni
Material dedicated for storage & transportation of natural gas steel EN 10028-4
> 585 MPa 680-820 MPa > 18% > 70 J
at cryogenic temperatures should have high ductility and X8Ni9
resistance to cracking. EN 10028-4
> 585 MPa 680-820 MPa > 18% > 100 J
X7Ni9
For economic reasons, a high strength steel grade is required in
order to reduce the section thicknesses and hence the weight
There are several types and designs of onshore tanks for the
of steel sections when building cryogenic storage tanks.
storage of LNG, designed for single, double or full containment
9%nickel steel is selected, in place of stainless steels, due to in case of fire, or an in-ground system may be used, selected as
the combination of high strength and reliable fracture toughness appropriate for the surroundings of the tank. These LNG tanks
at -196 °C. Due to the combination of a low carbon content and are large structures, typically approximately 80 m diameter and
low levels of impurity elements with a process route including 40 m in height containing ~150,000 m3 of LNG, comprising an
heat treatment cycles such as quenching or normalising followed inner 9%Ni tank contained within an outer structural steel vapour
by a tempering treatment, 9%Ni steel retains reliable mechanical barrier, with an insulated cavity in between, within the
properties at cryogenic temperatures. slip-formed concrete tank. Design studies are
in progress to confirm the possibilities of
larger onshore cryogenic tanks with
2010-808

a useable capacity of up to
300,000 m3 of LNG.

During fabrication of an onshore

LNG tank, the dome roof is
fabricated inside the structure and
on completion is raised to the top.
The plate thicknesses of the tank
vary to accommodate the
hydrostatic loading from the liquid
gas, tapering from typically 27 mm
at the bottom to 10 mm at the top
of the tank.

4
 9%Ni steels are easily and strongly magnetised, consequently
arc blow caused by residual magnetism is a consideration.
OERLIKON welding consumables for fabricating 9%Ni steels
are designed for operation on alternating current with all power
source technologies.

The fabrication sequence is to weld the horizontal seams in the During fabrication using the MIG and TIG processes, attention
PC position using the submerged arc process with AC polarity, should be given to shielding gas purity and cleaning techniques.
simultaneously from both sides, with either OERLIKON OP 76/ The OERLIKON CITOWAVE power sources have special
NIFIL 625 or OP F77/ NIFIL C276. The vertical and overhead operating modes used when welding aluminium alloys,
seams, PE and PG positions respectively, are welded using the the Spray ModalTM and Cold Double PulseTM modes,
manual metal arc process with OERLIKON FREEZAL ENi9 with which reduce the risk of micro porosity, increase penetration
AC polarity. In these section thicknesses a low pre-heat only of and minimise distortion when welding, see pages 18 & 19.
+10 ºC may be required as there are large quantities of
ALUFIL AlMg4.5Mn and ALUROD AlMg4.5Mn are 5183 grade
austenite in the plate microstructure and therefore the
aluminium alloy MIG wire and TIG rod respectively used
susceptibility to hydrogen, cold, cracking is inherently low.
for welding 5083, and similar alloy grades, where a combination
The maximum interpass temperature used is generally 150 ºC.
of corrosion resistance with high joint strength and toughness
These applications are further illustrated with the typical welding
are required.
procedures shown on pp 7 to 9.
Within an LNG import terminal and regasification plant there is
Internally, below the dome roof is an insulated aluminium deck
associated pipe work, which is typically fabricated in 300 series
fabricated in alloy 5083, welded using the MIG and TIG
stainless steels with expansion loops to accommodate the high
processes with grade 5183 consumables. 5083 series wrought
coefficient of thermal expansion. Typically, 304L pipe is joined
aluminium alloys contain Mg as the major alloying element and
using the MMA and TIG processes, for MMA, OERLIKON
are used in LNG storage tanks for the
BASINOX 308LT and for TIG, OERLIKON INERTROD 308L.
construction of walkways, due to the
For dissimilar steel joints of 300 series stainless steels to
combination of weight and
C-Mn pipe work, MMA OERLIKON BASINOX 309L and TIG
mechanical properties.
OERLIKON INERTROD 309L are preferred.
2010-810

5
 LNG Onshore Storage:
Background and Construction Considerations

OERLIKON is regularly involved in engineering programmes

to generate innovative solutions to new applications,in this
case resulting in specialist welding consumables designed
for the fabrication of 9%Ni steel.

OERLIKON Welding Consumables FREEZAL ENi9 has optimised mechanical properties, ductility and
for 9%Ni material elongation, meeting the most stringent CTOD specifications with safe
and reliable levels of lateral expansion required down to -196 °C.
OERLIKON has developed welding solutions for 9%nickel steels
based on both matching and nickel alloy material solutions. The coating design and use of specialist raw materials reduces the
level of residual and impurity elements responsible for hot cracking,
Currently, matching solutions are not considered for the
FREEZAL ENi9 satisfies all stringent hot cracking tests, such as
fabrication of large LNG storage tanks. 9%Ni matching solid
Varestrain.
and OERLIKON FLUXOCORD SAW wires in combination with
the GTAW or PAW processes have demonstrated the ability OERLIKON FREEZAL ENi9 has a deposition efficiency of 150%
to achieve high levels of weld metal toughness and tensile enabling high levels of MMA productivity during fabrication in all
strength, however the levels of deposition efficiency are not welding positions. OERLIKON VPMD packaging ensures these
sufficient for the fabrication of large LNG storage tanks. When electrodes are ready for use during on site storage tank construction.
post weld heat treatment is possible, the SAW process with
Typical specification for weld metal mechanical properties:
9%Ni matching consumables becomes an option.
Lateral
Yield Tensile Elon- ISO-V (J) CTOD (mm)
Large cryogenic storage tanks are subject to expansion and Expansion (%)
Strength Strength gation -196 °C -196 °C
-196 °C
contraction in service. The selection of welding consumables
> 430 > 690 > 35 > 70 0.30 > 0.38
is related to the capacity to limit the stress concentration in
which is achieved using the new OERLIKON consumables:
the weld metal responsible for thermal fatigue. Therefore,
non matching welding consumables should be selected with
an expansion coefficient as close to 9%Ni steel as possible. OERLIKON Flux & Wire solutions
for SAW process
18 OP 76 is a agglomerated fluoride basic type submerged arc flux
Linear thermal expansion

16 with a Boniszewski basicity index of 2.7. The high basicity index will
14 provide a hot crack free weld metal. The metallurgical behaviour
12
with respect to carbon, manganese and silicon is neutral. OP 76 is
10
8
used in combination with NIFIL 625 solid wire for welding 9%Ni
6 steel for as welded applications, typically in the PC or 2G position.
BASINOX 308 LT
4 FREEZAL ENi9 Stable operation on AC polarity, the weld deposit has a high
2 EN 10028-4 X8Ni9 resistance to hot cracking and excellent cryogenic weld metal
0
-200 -150 -100 -50 0 fracture toughness.
Test Temperature °C
OP F77 is a fused calcium silicate type submerged arc flux with a
Comparison of thermal expansion for 9%Nickel steel and OERLIKON Boniszewski basicity index of 1.3. Especially designed by OERLIKON
consumables FREEZAL ENi9 & BASINOX 308 LT. to give the best operating condition in the horizontal position, welding
Stainless steel welding consumables are widely used for both sides simultaneously. The metallurgical behaviour with respect
cryogenic applications, e.g. INERTROD 308L, INERTFIL 308L, to silicon is neutral and manganese is reduced. Used in combination
BASINOX 308LT, but are not considered when fabricating large with NIFIL C276 solid wire for welding 9%Ni steel for as welded
tanks because of the risk of failure linked to the differential applications, this combination is optimised for welding in the PC or
coefficients of expansion in comparison to ASTM A 353/553 2G position with excellent slag removal. Stable operation on AC
or EN 10028-4 X8Ni9 grades. polarity, the weld deposit has a high resistance to hot cracking
validated by Varestrain testing and excellent cryogenic weld metal
OERLIKON MMA electrode fracture toughness. OP F77 is ideal for tank construction because of
its non hygroscopic properties.
The new OERLIKON FREEZAL ENi9 electrode is a nickel base
MMA electrode designed to deposit weld metal with a Both SAW solutions fullfill the most stringent engineering specification
coefficient of expansion which is close to the 9%Ni steel used in terms of CTOD and lateral expansion at -196 °C and hot cracking
for large LNG storage tanks. sensitivity testing.

6
Fabrication Guidelines: Welding Procedure
Base Metal: EN 10028-4: X7Ni9
Thickness: 17.2 mm
Preheat: 20 °C
Interpass: Maximum 150 °C

Run 1 2 to 3
Joint design
Welding Process SMAW SAW
Welding Technique Manual Automatic
Welding
Welding Position PC PC
45°
Travel Direction Horizontal Horizontal
45°
Brand Name OERLIKON OERLIKON
Product Name FREEZAL ENi9 NIFIL 625
15° 2 mm
Filler Metals AWS Classification E NiCrMo-6 E NiCrMo-3
EN Classification E Ni 6620 S Ni 6625
1-2 mm

Size (mm) 2.5 1.6

Brand Name OERLIKON
17.2 mm
Product Name OP 76
SAW Flux Pass
AWS Classification
Sequence
EN Classification SA FB 2 55 AC H5
Current Type AC DC 8
4 13
Current Polarity - + 7
3
6 10 12
Amps (A) 95 250 2 1
Welding Parameter 5 11
Volts (V) 23 27 9

Travel Speed
10-15 40-43
(cm/min)

Base Metal: EN 10028-4: X8Ni9

Thickness: 16.5 mm
Preheat: 20 °C
Interpass: Maximum 150 °C
2-3-4
Joint design Run 1
7-8-9
5 6

60° Type ROOT CAP HOT FILL

Welding Process SMAW SMAW SMAW SMAW

Welding Technique Manual Manual Manual Manual

Welding
Welding Position PF PF PF PF

Travel Direction Vertical up Vertical up Vertical up Vertical up

16 mm 2 mm Brand Name OERLIKON OERLIKON OERLIKON OERLIKON

Product Name FREEZAL ENi9 FREEZAL ENi9 FREEZAL ENi9 FREEZAL ENi9
SMAW
AWS Classification E NiCrMo-6 E NiCrMo-6 E NiCrMo-6 E NiCrMo-6
electrode
2.4 mm EN Classification E Ni 6620 E Ni 6620 E Ni 6620 E Ni 6620

Size (mm) 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2

Pass Sequence Current Type AC AC AC AC

3 Current Polarity - - - -
2 4
1 Welding Amps (A) 85-95 100-110 90-100 90-100
5 after back Parameter
6 gouging Volts (V) 21-24 21-24 21-24 21-24
7 8 9 Travel Speed
8-12 15-18 8-12 10-15
(cm/min)

7
 Fabrication Guidelines: Welding Procedure
Base Metal: EN 10028-4: X8Ni9
Thickness: 12 mm
Preheat: 20 °C
Interpass: Maximum 150 °C

Joint design Torch Angle - Front view

60°
25°

10°
2 mm

12 mm

Pass Sequence
Torch Angle - Top view

25 °C
3 4
15 mm
25 °C
1 2

Run 1 2 3 4
Type ROOT HOT CAP CAP
Welding Process SAW SAW SAW SAW
Welding Technique Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic
Welding
Welding Position PC PC PC PC
Travel Direction Horizontal Horizontal Horizontal Horizontal
Brand Name OERLIKON OERLIKON OERLIKON OERLIKON
Product Name NIFIL C276 NIFIL C276 NIFIL C276 NIFIL C276
SAW Wire AWS Classification ER NiCrMo-4 ER NiCrMo-4 ER NiCrMo-4 ER NiCrMo-4
EN Classification S Ni 6276 S Ni 6276 S Ni 6276 S Ni 6276
Size (mm) 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4
Brand Name OERLIKON OERLIKON OERLIKON OERLIKON
Product Name OP F77 OP F77 OP F77 OP F77
SAW Flux
AWS Classification
EN Classification SF CS 2 65 AC H5 SF CS 2 65 AC H5 SF CS 2 65 AC H5 SF CS 2 65 AC H5
Current Type AC AC AC AC
Current Polarity - - - -
Welding Parameter Amps (A) 330-350 340-360 300-320 310-330
Volts (V) 29-31 29-31 28-32 28-32
Travel Speed (cm/min) 36-40 36-40 55-65 55-65
Note Dual side welding. The root runs 1 and 2 are performed at the same time using a double side SAW welding equipment

8
Fabrication Guidelines: Welding Procedure
Base Metal: EN 10028-4: X8Ni9
Thickness: 25 mm
Preheat: 20 °C
Interpass: Maximum 150 °C

Joint design Torch Angle - Front view

45°
±5
25° 25°

1-2 mm
20°
±5 2 mm
2 mm

25 mm
25 mm

Pass Sequence
Torch Angle - Top view

13 14
25 °C
11 6 12
5
1 2
9
3 4 10
7 150 mm
8 25 °C

Run 1 2 3-6 7 - 14
Type ROOT HOT FILL CAP
Welding Process SAW SAW SAW SAW
Welding Technique Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic
Welding
Welding Position PC PC PC PC
Travel Direction Horizontal Horizontal Horizontal Horizontal
Brand Name OERLIKON OERLIKON OERLIKON OERLIKON
Product Name NIFIL C276 NIFIL C276 NIFIL C276 NIFIL C276
SAW Wire AWS Classification ER NiCrMo-4 ER NiCrMo-4 ER NiCrMo-4 ER NiCrMo-4
EN Classification S Ni 6276 S Ni 6276 S Ni 6276 S Ni 6276
Size (mm) 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4
Brand Name OERLIKON OERLIKON OERLIKON OERLIKON
Product Name OP F77 OP F77 OP F77 OP F77
SAW Flux
AWS Classification
EN Classification SF CS 2 65 AC H5 SF CS 2 65 AC H5 SF CS 2 65 AC H5 SF CS 2 65 AC H5
Current Type AC AC AC AC
Current Polarity - - - -
Welding Parameter Amps (A) 310-330 330-380 300-340 350-380
Volts (V) 28-32 29-31 28-32 28-32
Travel Speed (cm/min) 32-40 32-40 36-40 50-55
Note The weld root runs 1 and 2 are performed separately, then simultaneously from 3 to 14

9
 Summary of Welding Consumables
for LNG Storage 9%Ni Steel Applications
Selected OERLIKON Welding Consumables for LNG Tanks, Cryogenic and Low Temperature Installations.
All weld metal properties, as welded condition.

Shielding
Type AWS EN C Mn Si Ni
Gas

9%Ni Steels ISO-V -196 ºC

SMAW FREEZAL ENi9 A5.11: ENiCrMo-6 14172:E Ni 6620 - 0.05 3.5 0.3 Rem
OP 76/NIFIL 625 Wire AWS A5.14: ER NiCrMo-3 Flux 760: SA FB 2 55 AC H5 - 0.03 0.3 0.3 60
SAW
OP F77/NIFIL C276 Wire AWS A5.14: ER NiCrMo-4 Flux 760: SF CS 2 65 AC H5 - 0.02 0.6 0.3 Rem
GMAW NIFIL 625 A5.14: ER NiCrMo-3 18274: S Ni 6625 I1/I3 0.025 0.4 0.3 Rem
GTAW NIROD 625 A5.14: ER NiCrMo-3 18274: S Ni 6625 I1 0.025 0.4 0.3 Rem
5%Ni Steels ISO-V -120 ºC
Flux 760: SA AF 2 54 DC
OP 33/OE-20 16L - - <0.015 7 0.4 16
Wire 14343-A: S 20 16 3 Mn L
SAW
Flux 760: SA FB 2 53 AC
OP F500/OE-20 16L - - <0.015 7 0.4 16
Wire 14343-A: S 20 16 3 Mn L
GMAW INERTFIL 20 16L - 14343-A: G 20 16 3 Mn N L M12,M13 0.02 7 0.9 17
GTAW INERTROD 20 16L - 14343-A: W 20 16 3 Mn N L I1 0.02 7 0.9 17
3.5%Ni Steels ISO-V -101 ºC
TENAX 76C2L (OE-CRYO 87) A5.5: E7016-C2L 2560-A: E 42 6 3Ni B 12 H5 - 0.03 0.5 0.2 3.5
SMAW
FREEZAL ENi3 A5.5: E8018-C2 2560-A: E 46 6 3Ni B 32 H5 - 0.04 0.75 0.3 3.3
SAW OP 121TTW/OE-S2Ni3 F8A15-F7P15 ENi3-Ni3 Flux EN 760: SA FB 1 55 AC H5 - 0.06 0.9 0.2 3.3
GTAW CARBOROD Ni3 A5.28: ER 80S-Ni3 636-B: W55A 10 WN71 l1 0.08 0.8 0.5 3.5
2.5%Ni Steels ISO-V from -80 ºC to -60 °C
TENAX 78C1L
A5.5: E7018-C1L 2560-A: E 42 6 2Ni B 32 H5 - 0.04 0.5 0.3 2.3
SMAW (OE-CRYO 75H)
TENACITO 70B A5.5: E8018-C1 H4 2560-A: E 46 6 2Ni B 42 H5 - 0.06 1.1 0.3 2.4
GMAW CARBOFIL Ni2 A5.28: ER 80S-Ni2 14341-A: G 46 7 M G2Ni2 M21 0.07 0.8 0.4 2.3
GTAW CARBOROD Ni2 A5.28: ER 80S-Ni2 636-A: W 46 9 M W2Ni2 l1 0.08 1.1 0.5 2.3
FCAW FLUXOFIL 44 A5.29: E70T5 GM-JH4 17632-A: T 42 8 2Ni B M 2 H5 M21 0.05 0.8 0.2 2.4
SAW OP 121TTW/OE-S2Ni2 A5.23: F7AP10 ENi2-Ni2 Flux EN 756: S 62 6 FB S2 Ni2 - 0.07 0.9 0.3 2.3
Low Temperature Structural Steels ISO-V from -60 ºC to -50 °C
SUPERCITO 7018S A5.1: E7018-1 H4 2560-A: E 42 5 B 32 H5 - 0.05 1.2 0.4 -
TENAX 35S A5.1: E7018-1 H4 2560-A: E 42 5 B 32 H5 - 0.08 1.35 0.35 -
SMAW TENACITO R A5.1: E7018-1 H4 2560-A: E 42 6 B 42 H5 - 0.06 1.5 0.3 -
TENACITO 38R A5.5: E7018-G H4 2560-A: E 46 6 1Ni B 42 H5 - 0.06 1.3 0.4 0.95
TENAX 76S A5.5: E7018-G 2560-A: E 46 6 1Ni B 32 H5 - 0.07 1.4 0.3 0.9
GMAW CARBOFIL Ni1 A5.28: ER 80S-Ni1 14341-A: G 46 6 M G3Ni1 M21 0.07 0.8 0.4 0.9
GTAW CARBOROD Ni1 A5.28: ER 80S-Ni1 636-A: W 46 6 M W3Ni1 l1 0.08 1.1 0.6 0.9
FLUXOFIL 40 A5.29: E80T5 GC/GM-H4 17632-A: T 46 6 1Ni B C/M 2 H5 C1 / M21 0.05 1.1 0.2 1
CITOFLUX R82 A5.29: E81T1-Ni1M-H4 17632-A: T 46 5 1Ni P M 1 H5 M21 0.05 1.3 0.4 0.85
FCAW CITOFLUX R82 SR A5.29: E81T1-Ni1M-H4 17632-A: T 46 6 1Ni P M 1 H5 M21 0.07 1.35 0.3 0.8
CITOFLUX M20 A5.18: E70C-6M H4 17632-A: T 46 6 Mn1Ni M M 1 H5 M21 0.05 1.45 0.9 0.8
CITOFLUX R550 A5.29: E91T1-GMH4 18276-A: T 55 5M 1,5Ni P M 1 H5 M21 0.06 1 0.3 1.5
OP 121TT(W)/OE-SD3 A5.17: F7A8-F7P8 EH12K Flux EN 756: S 46 5 FB S3Si - 0.07 1.6 0.3 -
SAW
OP 121TTW/OE-S2Ni1 A5.23: F7A8-F7P10-ENi1-Ni1 Flux EN 756: S 42 6 FB S2Ni1 - 0.05 0.98 0.3 0.85
Aluminium Alloy 5083
GMAW ALUFIL AlMg 4.5Mn A5.10: ER 5183 18273: S Al 5183 l1, I3 - 0.8 0.3 -
GTAW ALUROD AlMg 4.5Mn A5.10: ER 5183 18273: S Al 5183 l1, I3 - 0.8 0.3 -
Associated Stainless Steels
BASINOX 308LT A5.4: 308L-15 1600: E 19 9 L B 12 - <0.03 1.5 0.3 10
SMAW
BASINOX 316LT A5.4: 316L-15 1600: E 19 12 2 B 12 - <0.03 1.5 0.3 12
INERTFIL 308L A5.9: ER 308L 14343-A: G 19 9 L M13 0.02 1.8 0.45 10
GMAW
INERTFIL 316L A5.9: ER 316L 14343-A: G 19 12 3 L M13 0.02 1.4 0.45 12.5
INERTROD 308L A5.9: ER 308L 14343-A: W 19 9 L l1 0.02 1.8 0.45 10
GTAW
INERTROD 316L A5.9: ER 316L 14343-A: W 19 12 3 L l1 0.02 1.4 0.45 12.5
FLUXINOX 308L-PF A5.22: E308LT1-1/4 17633-A: T 19 9 L P C1/M1 C1/M21 <0.04 1.4 0.6 10
FCAW
FLUXINOX 316L-PF A5.22: E316LT1-1/4 17633-A: T 19 12 3 L P C1/M1 C1/M21 <0.04 1.4 0.6 12
OP 33/OE-308L A5.9: ER 308L Flux EN 760: SA AF 2 54 DC - <0.03 1.5 0.5 9
SAW
OP F500/OE-308L A5.9: ER 308L Flux EN 760: SA FB 2 53 AC - <0.03 1.6 0.5 9.5

10
 Tensile Yield
A5d ISO-V
Cr Mo Nb Fe W Ti Mg Cu Al Strength Strength Type
MPa MPa % Joules °C
9%Ni Steels ISO-V -196 ºC
13.7 6.8 1.6 <5 1.35 - - - - >690 >430 >35 >70 -196 FREEZAL ENi9 SMAW
23 10 3.5 - - - - - - >760 >450 >23 >75 -196 OP 76/NIFIL 625
SAW
15.5 16 - 6 3.5 - - - - >700 >450 >35 >70 -196 OP F77/NIFIL C276
21 9 3.5 3 - 0.3 - - - >720 >460 >30 >40 -196 NIFIL 625 GMAW
21 9 3.5 3 - 0.3 - - - >720 >460 >30 >40 -196 NIROD 625 GTAW
5%Ni Steels ISO-V -120 ºC

20 3 - - - - - - - >570 >390 >35 >30 -196 OP 33/OE-20 16L

SAW
20 3 - - - - - - - >570 >390 >35 >30 -196 OP F500/OE-20 16L

20 3 - - - - - - - >580 >450 >38 >32 -196 INERTFIL 20 16L GMAW

20 3 - - - - - - - >580 >450 >38 >32 -269 INERTROD 20 16L GTAW
3.5%Ni Steels ISO-V -101 ºC
- - - - - - - - - 500-640 >420 >25 >47 -101 TENAX 76C2L (OE-CRYO 87)
SMAW
- - - - - - - - - >550 >460 >24 >40 -105 FREEZAL ENi3
- 0.15 - - - - - - - 560-660 >480 >25 >50 -101 OP 121TTW/OE-S2Ni3 SAW
- - - - - - - - - >550 >460 >22 >47 -101 CARBOROD Ni3 GTAW
2.5%Ni Steels ISO-V from -80 ºC to -60 °C
TENAX 78C1L
- - - - - - - - - 510-660 >420 >26 >80 -60
(OE-CRYO 75H) SMAW
- - - - - - - - - 550-700 >480 >22 >70 -80 TENACITO 70B
- - - - - - - - - 550-680 >460 >22 >47 -90 CARBOFIL Ni2 GMAW
- - - - - - - - - 550-680 >460 >24 >47 -90 CARBOROD Ni2 GTAW
- - - - - - - - - 500-640 >420 >26 >70 -60 FLUXOFIL 44 FCAW
- - - - - - - - - 550-600 >450 >24 >50 -80 OP 121TTW/OE-S2Ni2 SAW
Low Temperature Structural Steels ISO-V from -60 ºC to -50 °C
- - - - - - - - - 510-640 >420 >24 >70 -50 SUPERCITO 7018S
- - - - - - - - - 510-640 >420 >22 >100 -50 TENAX 35S
- - - - - - - - - 500-640 >420 >25 >90 -60 TENACITO R SMAW
- - - - - - - - - 530-650 >460 >25 >110 -60 TENACITO 38R
- - - - - - - - - 530-680 ≥ 460 >22 >90 -60 TENAX 76S
- - - - - - - - 550-680 >480 >24 >47 -60 CARBOFIL Ni1 GMAW
- - - - - - - - - 550-680 >480 >24 >47 -60 CARBOROD Ni1 GTAW
- - - - - - - - - 550-650 >470 >24 >60 -60 FLUXOFIL 40
- - - - - - - - - 550-690 >460 >22 >80 -50 CITOFLUX R82
- - - - - - - - - 530-680 >460 >22 >47 -60 CITOFLUX R82 SR FCAW
- - - - - - - - - 530-680 >460 >26 >80 -60 CITOFLUX M20
- - - - - - - - - 620-760 >550 >20 >47 -50 CITOFLUX R550
- - - - - - - - - 530-630 >450 >25 >80 -50 OP 121TT(W)/OE-SD3
SAW
- - - - - - - - - 500-600 >420 >24 >70 -60 OP 121TTW/OE-S2Ni1
Aluminium Alloy 5083
0.1 - - 0.1 - 0.1 4.5 0.1 Rem >275 >125 >17 - - ALUFIL AlMg 4.5Mn GMAW
0.1 - - 0.1 - 0.1 4.5 0.1 Rem >275 >125 >17 - - ALUROD AlMg 4.5Mn GTAW
Associated Stainless Steels
19 - - - - - - - - >520 >320 >35 >32 -196 BASINOX 308LT
SMAW
17.5 2.6 - - - - - - - >550 >350 >35 >40 -196 BASINOX 316LT
20 - - - - - - - - >520 >350 >35 >40 -196 INERTFIL 308L
GMAW
19 2.6 - - - - - - - >510 >350 >30 >32 -196 INERTFIL 316L
20 - - - - - - - - >520 >350 >35 >40 -196 INERTROD 308L
GTAW
19 2.6 - - - - - - - >510 >350 >30 >32 -196 INERTROD 316L
20 - - - - - - - - >520 >350 >35 >32 -196 FLUXINOX 308L-PF
FCAW
19 2.8 - - - - - - - >510 >320 >30 >27 -196 FLUXINOX 316L-PF
18 - - - - - - - - >500 >350 >35 >30 -196 OP 33/OE-308L
SAW
19 - - - - - - - - >500 >350 >35 >30 -196 OP F500/OE-308L

11
 Classification Society Approvals
Selected OERLIKON Products for LNG and Low Temperature Gas Storage.

Type AWS EN Shielding Gas TUV DB

9%Ni Steels ISO-V -196 ºC
SMAW FREEZAL ENi9 A5.11: ENiCrMo-6 14172:E Ni 6620 - - -
OP 76/NIFIL 625 Wire AWS A5.14: ER NiCrMo-3 Flux EN 760: SA FB 2 55 AC H5 - X -
SAW
OP F77/NIFIL C276 Wire AWS A5.14: ER NiCrMo-4 Flux EN 760: SF CS 2 65 AC H5 - - -
GMAW NIFIL 625 A5.14: ER NiCrMo-3 18274: S Ni 6625 I1/M13 - -
GTAW NIROD 625 A5.14: ER NiCrMo-3 18274: S Ni 6625 I - -
5%Ni Steels ISO-V -120 ºC
Flux EN 760: SA AF 2 54 DC
OP 33/OE-20 16L - - - X
Wire EN 14343-A: S 20 16 3 Mn L
SAW
- Flux EN 760: SA FB 2 53 AC
OP F500/OE-20 16L - - -
Wire EN 14343-A: S 20 16 3 Mn L
GMAW INERTFIL 20 16L - 14343-A: G 20 16 3 Mn N L M12,M13 - -
GTAW INERTROD 20 16L - 14343-A: W 20 16 3 Mn N L I1 - -
3.5%Ni Steels ISO-V -101 ºC
TENAX 76C2L (OE-CRYO 87) A5.5: E7016-C2L 2560-A: E 42 6 3Ni B 12 H5 - - -
SMAW
FREEZAL ENi3 A5.5: E8018-C2 2560-A: E 42 6 3Ni B 32 H5 - - -
SAW OP 121TTW/OE-S2Ni3 F8A15-F7P15 ENi3-Ni3 Flux EN 760: SA FB 1 55 AC H5 - - -
GTAW CARBOROD Ni3 A5.28: ER 80S-Ni3 636-B: W55A 10 WN71 I1 - -
2.5%Ni Steels ISO-V from -80 ºC to -60 °C
TENAX 78C1L
A5.5: E7018-C1L 2560-A: E 46 6 2Ni B 32 - - -
SMAW (OE-CRYO 75H)
TENACITO 70B A5.5: E8018-C1 H4 2560-A: E 46 6 2Ni B 42 H5 - X -
GMAW CARBOFIL Ni2 A5.28: ER 80S-Ni2 14341-A: G 46 6 M G2Ni2 M21 X -
GTAW CARBOROD Ni2 A5.28: ER 80S-Ni2 636-A: W 46 6 M W2Ni2 I1 - -
FCAW FLUXOFIL 44 A5.29: E70T5 GM-JH4 17632-A: T 42 8 2Ni B M 2 H5 M21 - -
SAW OP 121TTW/OE-S2Ni2 A5.23: F7AP10 ENi2-Ni2 Flux EN 756: S 62 6 FB S2 Ni2 - - -
Low Temperature Structural Steels ISO-V from -60 ºC to -50 °C
SUPERCITO 7018S A5.1: E7018-1 H4 2560-A: E 42 5 B 32 H5 - X X
TENAX 35S A5.1: E7018-1 H4 2560-A: E 42 5 B 32 H5 - X X
SMAW TENACITO R A5.1: E7018-1 H4 2560-A: E 42 6 B 42 H5 - X X
TENACITO 38R A5.5: E7018-G H4 2560-A: E 46 6 1Ni B 42 H5 - X X
TENAX 76S A5.5: E7018-G 2560-A: E 46 6 1Ni B 32 H5 - - -
GMAW CARBOFIL Ni1 A5.28: ER 80S-Ni1 14341-A: G 46 6 M G3Ni1 M21 - -
GTAW CARBOROD Ni1 A5.28: ER 80S-Ni1 636-A: W 46 6 M W3Ni1 I1 X -
FLUXOFIL 40 A5.29: E80T5 GC/GM-H4 17632-A: T 46 6 1Ni B C/M 2 H5 C1/M21 X X
CITOFLUX R82 A5.29: E81T1-Ni1M-H4 17632-A: T 46 5 1Ni P M 1 H5 M21 - -
FCAW CITOFLUX R82 SR A5.29: E81T1-Ni1M-H4 17632-A: T 46 6 1Ni P M 1 H5 M21 - -
CITOFLUX M20 A5.18: E70C-6M H4 17632-A: T 46 6 Mn1Ni M M 1 H5 M21 - -
CITOFLUX R550 A5.29: E91T1-GMH4 18276-A: T 55 5M 1,5Ni P M 1 H5 M21 - -
OP 121TT(W)/OE-SD3 A5.17: F7A8-F7P8 EH12K Flux EN 756: S 46 5 FB S3Si - - -
SAW
OP 121TTW/OE-S2Ni1 A5.23: F7A8-F7P10-ENi1-Ni1 Flux EN 756: S 42 6 FB S2Ni1 - - -
Aluminium Alloy 5083
GMAW ALUFIL AlMg 4.5Mn A5.10: ER 5183 18273: S Al 5183 l1, M13 X X
GTAW ALUROD AlMg 4.5Mn A5.10: ER 5183 18273: S Al 5183 l1, M13 X X
Associated Stainless Steels
BASINOX 308LT A5.4: 308L-15 1600: E 19 9 L B 12 - - -
SMAW
BASINOX 316LT A5.4: 316L-15 1600: E 19 12 2 B 12 - - -
INERTFIL 308L A5.9: ER 308L 14343-A: G 19 9 L M13 X X
GMAW
INERTFIL 316L A5.9: ER 316L 14343-A: G 19 12 3 L M13 - X
INERTROD 308L A5.9: ER 308L 14343-A: W 19 9 L I1 X X
GTAW
INERTROD 316L A5.9: ER 316L 14343-A: W 19 12 3 L I1 X X
FLUXINOX 308L-PF A5.22: E308LT1-1/4 17633-A: T 19 9 L P C1/M1 C1/M21 X X
FCAW
FLUXINOX 316L-PF A5.22: E316LT1-1/4 17633-A: T 19 12 3 L P C1/M1 C1/M21 X X
OP 33/OE-308L A5.9: ER 308L Flux EN 760: SA AF 2 54 DC - - -
SAW
OP F500/OE-308L A5.9: ER 308L Flux EN 760: SA FB 2 53 AC - - X

12
 ABS BV DNV GL LRS PRS RMRS RINA Type
9%Ni Steels ISO-V -196 ºC
- - - 5680 - - - - FREEZAL ENi9 SMAW
- - - - - - - - OP 76/NIFIL 625
SAW
- - - - - - - - OP F77/NIFIL C276
- - - - - - - - NIFIL 625 GMAW
- - - - - - - - NIROD 625 GTAW
5%Ni Steels ISO-V -120 ºC

- - - - - - - - OP 33/OE-20 16L
SAW
- - - - - - - - OP F500/OE-20 16L

- - - - - - - INERTFIL 20 16L GMAW

- - - - - - - - INERTROD 20 16L GTAW
3.5%Ni Steels ISO-V -101 ºC
- - - - - - - - TENAX 76C2L (OE-CRYO 87)
SMAW
- - - - - - - - FREEZAL ENi3
- - - - - - - - OP 121TTW/OE-S2Ni3 SAW
- - - - - - - - CARBOROD Ni3 GTAW
2.5%Ni Steels ISO-V from -80 ºC to -60 °C
TENAX 78C1L
- - 5Y H5 - - - - 5YDH5
(OE-CRYO 75H) SMAW
- - - - - - - - TENACITO 70B
- - - 6Y 42S - - - - CARBOFIL Ni2 GMAW
- - - - - - - - CARBOROD Ni2 GTAW
- - - - - - - - FLUXOFIL 44 FCAW
- - - - - - - 5Y M, 5Y DM OP 121TTW/OE-S2Ni2 SAW
Low Temperature Structural Steels ISO-V from -60 ºC to -50 °C
3YH10 3YHHH 4Y40H5 4Y40H5 3YmH15 - - - SUPERCITO 7018S
4H5-4Y 3YHHH 4YH5 4Y40 H5 DXVuO-BF-3m-3Ym-H5 - - 4DH5 TENAX 35S
4H5-4Y 3Y HH 5Y H10 3Y H5 3Ym H15 - - TENACITO R SMAW
3Y 5Y 5Y H5 6Y42 H5 5Y42m H15 - 5Y46HHH - TENACITO 38R
3YH5 3YHHH 5Y H5 6Y H10 DXVuO-BF-5Y42m-H5 - - 4YH5 TENAX 76S
- - - - - - - - CARBOFIL Ni1 GMAW
ER80S-Ni1 - - - - - - - CARBOROD Ni1 GTAW
- - VYMS H5 - - - - FLUXOFIL 40
4Y400SA H5 - VY46MS H5 - 4Y40S H5 - - - CITOFLUX R82
4Y400SA H5 - VY46MS H5 - 4Y40S H5 - 5Y46MS H3 - CITOFLUX R82 SR FCAW
- - VYMS - - - - - CITOFLUX M20
- - IVY55MS H5 - - - - - CITOFLUX R550
- - - - - - 5Y40M HHH - OP 121TT(W)/OE-SD3
SAW
- - - - - - - - OP 121TTW/OE-S2Ni1
Aluminium Alloy 5083
- - - S-AlMg4,5Mn D O BF WC/I - 1S NA - - - ALUFIL AlMg 4.5Mn GMAW
- - - - - - - - ALUROD AlMg 4.5Mn GTAW
Associated Stainless Steels
E308L-15 - - - - - - - BASINOX 308LT
SMAW
E316L-15 - - - - - - - BASINOX 316LT
- - - - - - - - INERTFIL 308L
GMAW
- - - - - - - - INERTFIL 316L
- - - - - - - - INERTROD 308L
GTAW
- - - - - - - - INERTROD 316L
- - 308L - 304LS - - - FLUXINOX 308L-PF
FCAW
- - 316L - 316LS - - - FLUXINOX 316L-PF
- - - - - - - - OP 33/OE-308L
SAW
- - - - - - - - OP F500/OE-308L

13
 OERLIKON Consumables for Low Alloy
Ferritic steels for low temperature service

Product Focus

The challenge when fabricating low alloy ferritic steels for

cryogenic applications is to produce high strength joints with
reliable fracture toughness at the design temperature, without risk
of hydrogen induced cracking.

OERLIKON welding consumables are designed to satisfy the most

stringent requirements in terms of diffusible hydrogen level.
The manufacturing process has been designed by OERLIKON
to produce very low hydrogen consumables with a high resistance
to subsequent moisture pick-up during use.

OERLIKON has a globally recognised expertise in the metallurgy

and design of welding consumables for low temperature and
cryogenic applications. The results of the many years of
systematic R&D in this area are reported in published articles,
where acicular ferrite is the microstructural constituent identified
as critical for generating high levels of joint fracture toughness
at cryogenic temperatures in low alloy ferritic weld metal.
100
PRIMARY FERRITE
90
Weld metal acicular ferrite is not only optimised in OERLIKON
consumables by deposit chemistry and the selection of specialist
deoxidation systems in basic flux systems, but by the consistent
sourcing of high quality raw materials. Raw material selection is
0 permanently in the focus of our experts to ensure weld metals
with very low levels of residual and impurity elements.
10

80 20
Microstructural component %

70 30
FERRITE WITH SECOND PHASE
60 40

50 50

40 60

30 70
ACICULAR FERRITE
20 80
3534-53

10
1.0% Mn 90
These advanced techniques applied to the design of OERLIKON
0 100 welding consumables have contributed to the global recognition
0 1 2 3
Nickel in weld % for reliable and high quality low temperature construction when
using OERLIKON welding products.

14
Other Low Temperature Gas Storage
and Handling Applications

• OERLIKON welding consumables range for cryogenics applications arranged

by service temperature is shown on pages 10 & 11
• Classification society approvals are listed on pp 12 & 13
• For full product range details consult the data sheets in the OERLIKON handbook
or www.oerlikon-welding.com web site.

Service Acetylene is a gas in normal atmospheric conditions, 15 °C,

Product Stored Steel type Specification
Temperature 760 mm Hg, which is a colourless, non-toxic but narcotic, and is
Ammonia, C-Mn highly flammable. Isolated in the pure state, it is a highly unstable
-50 °C EN 10028-3, P460NL2
propane (LPG) fine grain compound, and decomposes with ignition within a wide range of
Ammonia,
-80 °C 1.5-2.5%Ni
EN 10028-4, 15NiMn6, pressures and temperatures, the sublimation point is -84 ºC.
propane (LPG) ASTM A203Gr.B
The storage and handling requirements of acetylene are generally
Carbon dioxide, ASTM A203Gr.E-F, specified at a service temperature of -101 ºC.
-101 °C 3.5%Ni
acetylene, ethane EN 10028-4 12Ni14
When fabricating 3.5%Ni steels for acetylene storage, matching
Ethylene (LEG) -120 °C 5%Ni EN 10028-4 X 12Ni5 3.5%Ni bearing weld metals are used.

Methane (LNG),
-196 °C 9%Ni
A353/A553,
oxygen, argon EN 10028-4 X8Ni9
The processing of natural gas involves removal of propane
and other gases from the raw gas, in order to prevent
condensation of these volatiles in natural gas pipelines.
Propane is a flammable non toxic gas, which is heavier
than air. It is a gas in normal atmospheric conditions, 15 °C,
760 mm Hg, the boiling point is -42 ºC.
Liquid Propane Gas, LPG, is generally stored onshore in both
spherical and mounded pressurised storage, with the latter
being the only solution allowed in many countries.
Welding solutions are based on optimised C-Mn and 1-2.5%Ni
nickel bearing weld metals delivering high toughness joints for
service temperatures in the range -50 ºC to -80 ºC.
Ammonia is a gas in normal atmospheric conditions, 15 °C,
760 mm Hg, which is colourless, slightly flammable and toxic
with a pungent odour, the boiling point is -33 ºC. Ammonia is
stored in its refrigerated form between -50 ºC and -80 ºC.
Welding solutions are based on optimised C-Mn and 1-2.5%Ni
nickel bearing weld metals delivering high toughness joints
for service temperatures in the range -50 ºC to -80 ºC.
The propensity to stress corrosion cracking is a design
consideration.
Ethane is a gas in normal atmospheric conditions, 15 °C,
760 mm Hg, which is flammable and non-toxic, the boiling
point is -89 ºC. The storage and handling requirements
of ethane are generally specified at a service temperature of
-101 ºC.
When fabricating 3.5%Ni steels for ethane storage, matching
3.5%Ni bearing weld metals are used.
Carbon dioxide is a gas in normal atmospheric conditions,
15 °C and 760 mm Hg, which is colourless, odourless,
non-flammable of low chemical activity and toxic only in high
concentrations, the sublimation point is -79 ºC.
The storage and handling requirements of carbon dioxide are
generally specified at a service temperature of -101 ºC.
When fabricating 3.5%Ni steels for Carbon Dioxyde storage,
matching 3.5%Ni bearing weld metals are used.
Ethylene, also known as ethene, is a gas in normal atmospheric
conditions, 15 °C, 760 mm Hg, which is flammable and non-toxic,
the boiling point is -104 ºC. The storage and handling requirements
of ethylene are similar to LNG but at a generally specified service
temperature of -120 ºC.
Welding solutions for liquid ethylene gas, LEG, are based on the
20.16 composition for the welding of 5%Ni steels, due to the
excellent cryogenic fracture toughness, however the welding
solutions given for fabricating 9%Ni steels are equally applicable
for joining 5%Ni steels.
Argon is a gas in normal atmospheric conditions, 15 °C and
760 mm Hg, which is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic non-
flammable and tasteless. It is distinguished by perfect physical
and chemical stability. At atmospheric pressure and temperatures
below the boiling point of -186 °C, argon is a colourless liquid,
which is heavier than water.
Welding solutions are the same as those shown for LNG.
Oxygen is a gas in normal atmospheric conditions, 15 °C and
760 mm Hg, which is colourless, odourless and tasteless.
At atmospheric pressure and temperatures below the boiling point
-183 °C, it is pale blue liquid, slightly heavier than water. Liquid
oxygen, LOX, is stored in single containment tanks fabricated in
9%Ni steel and because of the relatively small volumes, 304L
stainless steel may also be used for the prime container.
Welding solutions are the same as those shown for LNG.

15
 Associated Steel Applications

STAINLESS STEELS DUPLEX STAINLESS STEELS

MMA Duplex stainless steel (e.g. W.No. 1.4462) is used for pipe lines,
The SUPRANOX RS range of rutile coated manual metal arc vessels and pipe work. Matching consumables are available:
welding electrodes is designed to enable the diversity of
stainless steels - plates, pipes, tubes, castings and forgings -
MMA
SUPRANOX E 22 9 3 N is an MMA electrode depositing
to be welded both to themselves and to each other. Smooth
Cr-Ni-Mo-N duplex stainless steel weld metal, highly resistant
operation in all positions with minimal spatter and near self
to intergranular pitting and stress corrosion in the presence
releasing slag for excellent weld bead appearance and profile.
of hydrogen containing aqueous solution or wet gases.
The SUPRANOX RS range also has a proven resistance to both
To achieve the maximum joint fracture toughness, BASINOX
weld start and weld bead porosity giving high radiographic
22.9.3N is recommended, ISO-V at -50 °C > 50 J.
integrity. This makes these electrodes particularly suitable for
the most critical applications. MIG/TIG
The SUPRANOX RS range of MMA welding electrodes is as INERTFIL/INERTROD 22.9.3 are solid wires depositing duplex
follows: 308L, 308H, 347, 316L, 317, 318, 309L, 309MoL, 904L. stainless steel weld metal.
The BASINOX range of basic coated manual metal arc welding
electrodes is used for positional welding of pipe work and FCW
thicker section thicknesses, including alloys 308L, 347, 316L, FLUXINOX 22.9.3L is optimised for down hand fillet welding and
308H, 904L, 318, 310. FLUXINOX 22.9.3L-PF for positional welding of duplex stainless
For cryogenic application the use of BASINOX 308LT and steels.
BASINOX 316LT version is recommended for optimum joint
SAW
fracture toughness at -196 °C.
OE-S22 09/OP 33 is used for the high deposition rate
MIG/TIG submerged arc welding of duplex stainless steels.
A comprehensive range of OERLIKON INERTFIL and
INERTROD wires for all applications, e.g. 308L, 347, 316L,
309L & 312.

FCW
A comprehensive range of OERLIKON FLUXINOX stainless
cored wires for applications in the primarily down hand, e.g.
FLUXINOX 316L and positional e.g. FLUXINOX 316L-PF
applications. Including alloys 308L, 308H, 347, 307, 316L, 318,
309L, 309MoL, 22.9.3L, 310, and 625.

SAW
OP 33 is a special semi-basic agglomerated flux with a basicity
index of 1.8. It is used for the welding of stainless and heat
resisting steels. In respect to the carbon content of the weld
metal, OP 33 is neutral. Typically used with AWS A5.9 grade
300 series wires, E.g. OE-316L, OE-308L, OE-309LMo.

16
 Product packaging
Welding consumables

2008-677

2010-754

3551-46
MIG/MAG wires (solid and FCW) SAW
Drums (ROUNDPACK) Fluxes
Heavy duty cardboard drums Sacks
■ 320 kg & 600 kg formats, ■ Weld sealed
■ 100% recyclable, ■ 100% recyclable (“4”)
■ Reliable rapid pay off at high ■ Easy to handle

2006-943
wire feed speeds, ■ Effective flux protection
■ Fitted sling points for handling safety, from the environment
■ Supply: 1 tonne
Spool (40 sacks x 25 kg)
■ B 300 per pallet
■ 100% recyclable
2004-114

2006-200

DRY BAG
This new packaging solution has been developed by the
Air Liquide Welding research teams for OERLIKON submerged arc
TIG welding fluxes. DRYBAG packaging system features:
2008-181

Rods ■ Triple layer composite

■ 1.6, 2.0 & 2.4 mm technology system
diameter in 1 m lengths ■ Fully moisture proof
■ Full range of compositions
2006-940

■ Low vacuum
■ Alloy grades are coin ■ Protection from atmospheric
stamped humidity
■ Bright finished ■ Designed for the most hostile
■ Fully certificated ambient conditions
■ Protection during extended
2007-474

transport and storage

MMA ■ Supply: 1 tonne (40 sacks

Standard Packaging x 25 kg DRYBAG) per pallet

2006-937

■ Reliable protective packaging

for most applications
■ 3 packets per outer carton
■ Packet weight ~5 kg

Vacuum Packaging
■ No re-conditioning required before use Wires
■ No quivers or holding ovens are required ■ Spool B450
■ Ideal for on site applications ■ 100% recyclable
2013-046

■ Simplified QA procedures ■ Supply: 1 tonne (40 coils

x 25 kg) per pallet
2006-936

VPMD
■ Pack contents ~3 kg
■ Supplied in outer cartons ~15 kg

17
 Arc equipment
MIG/MAG manual installations
MIG/MAG welding equipment
OERLIKON MIG/MAG machines have a comprehensive array of features focused on the
requirements of major fabricators. Durable design is combined with easy-to-use control panels
and a variety of synergic programmes, combining improved productivity with high quality results.

CITOMAG
Thyristor technology for heavy duty
2013-662

applications
CITOMAG range is a thyristor based soft
current MIG-MAG welding installation, with

2008-042
CITOMIG 200MP a separate four roll wire feeder unit, to weld
Thyristor technology for heavy duty unalloyed steel, stainless steel and light alloys,
applications using solid wire and cored wire.
■ Portable single phase inverter for small OERLIKON expertise is automatically available to the
works and maintenance. welders and therefore the installations are straight forward to us:
■ Multiprocess equipment ■ Maximum power at 60 % duty cycle (40 °C)

(MMA – TIG and MIG/MAG). ■ Rapid access to the correct welding parameters

■ Light (15 kg) and easy to use power ■ Complete welding cycle with Hot Start and crater filler

source with large LCD graphic screen ■ Optional water cooled configuration
■ Easy to use with fast parameter changes using the CITO system

CITOPULS II 420 or 520

Digital technology for advanced welding installations
■ Superior quality welding and advanced processes and features
■ Fully digitally controlled inverter: for process repeatability and consequently higher welding
quality and simpler regulation
■ In synergic mode, more than 100 synergies are available
■ Soft switching inverter (increased efficiency of the power source)
■ Full range of processes:
- Standard MIG/MAG - Spray ModalTM (special for high quality welding of aluminium)
- Pulsed MIG/MAG - Cold Double Pulse (producing very high quality welds on thin
material)
- MIG brazing
- Speed Short Arc (for high
TM - MMA coated electrodes
quality thin sheet welding & root - HPSTM (High Penetration Speed) (higher productivity with lower
2010-901

pass) distortion of base material and less welding passes)

■ Powerful installation up to 500 A at 60%
■ Storage of 100 welding programs (with expert wire feeder DVU P500 or advanced remote
control RC JOB)
■ Parameter locking with a digit code (with expert wire feeder DVU P500 or advanced
remote control RC JOB). When this function is activated, the welder can still fine-tune the
parameters in a +/- 20% range
■ A user interface (power source and wire feeder) designed for a really easy to use front panel
■ A modular concept for a better fit with the users’ requirements

Specify and build your installation:

■ Power sources
■ Wire feeders
■ Cooling unit
■ Harnesses (up to 50 m
for on site applications)
■ Trolleys for the installation and ■ More benefits for the user
the wire-feeder ■ Small machine for easier access
■ Remote control ■ Light installation (37 kg for the power source)
■ Torches (standard, with potentiometer, ■ Compatible with motor generator
push-pull, automatic..) ■ A powerful 4-wheel feeder unit with drive rollers as standard

18
 2012-473

CITOWAVE II
Product features and advantages:
Same as the CITOPULS II range with in addition:
■ Advanced torch “DIGITAL”: a range of ergonomic torches
with the possibility on the handle to - select the program
number - adjust the wire feed speed - adjust the arc length
■ Processes: Soft current, Pulsed, SSA, HPS, SSP, SM,
CDP, Easy Short Arc, MIG brazing, MMA, and PR Spray
■ The power sources also allow memorisation of
100 programs, selectable from the wire feeder,
remote control and CITORCH M E family
2014-037
■ Control of aluminium welding (Spray ModalTM): special welding transfer
which provides reduced porosity and increases the penetration
■ More controls: parameters monitoring, indication of defects, parameter
blocking on several levels, printing, 99 programs, calibration…
■ Intuitive & friendly graphic interface allowing the welder to control easily
the machine with more than 200 synergic laws. Customization of your
own synergic curves
■ Ethernet & USB for maximal connectivity. Insuring data monitoring,
networked machines, process control. An easy solution that allows
compliance with the QMOS parameters.

CITOPULS II – CITOWAVE II
Technical features CITOMIG 200MP CITOMAG 500XP
420 520
Technology Inverter Thyristor Inverter
Primary power supply Single phase 230 V (±10%) Three phase 220/240/380/400 V Three phase 400 V (-20%/+15%)
Primary consumption @ I max. 19 A 50 A (400 V) 28 A 36 A
Welding current 5 A - 200 A 16 A - 480 A 15 A - 420 A 20 A - 500 A
Duty cycle (@ 40 °C) 200 A @ 20% 480 A @ 60% 420 A @ 60% 500 A @ 60%
Suitable wire diameter 0.6 mm - 1.0 mm 0.8 mm to 1.6 mm

Process advantages for a perfect assembly: this new generation of power sources provides new welding methods
able to meet quality and productivity levels in response to the needs of the most requiring works in the industry.

Metal Power
Definition Customer advantages
transfer mode source
The Speed Short ArcTM allows a high travel speed due to a rigid arc and a ■ Increase in travel speed
Speed Short cold regime. It is very effective for welding thin steel plates, working in ■ Reduced distortion (thin steel sheets) CITOWAVE II
ArcTM (SSA) position and in closed angle and filling bevels. The SSATM is used for short ■ Suited to welding in position CITOPULS II
circuit welding though the normal globular regime travel speed domain. ■ Tolerance and usability
The Soft Silence PulseTM is a quieter pulsed mode mainly intended for ■ Reduction of noise
Soft Silence stainless steel welding applications. The SSPTM produces a softer but very ■ Good wetting of the weld bead
CITOWAVE II
PulseTM (SSP) stable arc with good wetting of the weld bead. This waveform significantly ■ Reduction of spatter
reduces spatter and gives a very fine appearance to the weld bead. ■ Good weld bead appearance
The Cold Double PulseTM produces very high quality welds on thin
material while avoiding distortion. CDPTM gives a TIG appearance to ■ Effective on thin sheets
Cold Double the weld and is very effective on very thin aluminium or stainless steel ■ Reduces distortion CITOPULS II
PulseTM (CDP) sheet (< 2 mm). The operating technique is made easier due to good ■ Easy operating technique CITOWAVE II
control of the weld pool even on badly-prepared sheets. This sequencer ■ TIG appearance weld bead
mode automatically chains hot arc and cold arc regimes together.
Using welding current generally given by Spray Arc behaviour, ■ Reduction of passes' number
HPS arc transfer is combining two different main advantages : ■ Less distortion and structural
High
• Provides lower voltage and so lower energy change CITOPULS II
Penetration
• Give a very accurate and dynamic regulation of the welding parameters ■ Welding in restricted joints CITOWAVE II
Speed (HPS)
This association is able to carry out very high productivity with the ■ Less time of base material
optimal welding performance. preparation
Easy Short Arc is a combinaison of Spray Arc and Speed Short Arc ■ Arc stability avoiding globular zone
arc transfer. So with Easy Short Arc you get a Speed Short Arc ■ Productivity: easy to use (same
Easy Short Arc behaviour in the Short Circuit area and increasing the wire speed you fusion law whatever the thickness is) CITOWAVE II
are able to reach Spray arc. The key is that the machine will ■ Quality: no spatters and therefore
automatically avoid globular area. no finishing works, In all positions

19
 TIG installations

2570-21
OERLIKON high-performance TIG machines
are designed for on-site durability and premium
quality results. This inverter range equips welders
for a wide diversity of activities in both regular
and high-tech applications.

CITOTIG
Optimised performance and advanced functionality: The DC sets are used for TIG welding stainless and structural
■ CITOSTEP double current level function, allows the power steels and have the flexibility to weld with all types of MMA
input to be changed without interruption when welding welding electrodes, with excellent
■ Synergic pulse function, for ease of setting the pulsed current
arc characteristics.
parameters
■ Storage facility for welding parameters
■ Reliability designed in with an efficient isolated cooling system
which prevents dust and small metal particles from
penetrating the machine interior
■ Optional low voltage OCV
with Voltage Reduction Device
available
■ Generator compatible
2011-101

2011-103

2011-131

Technical DC welding
specifications: CITOTIG II 200 DC CITOTIG II 300 DC (W) CITOTIG II 400 DC W
Primary
Power supply 230 V single-phase (+10%/-10%) 400 V three-phase (+20%/- 15%)
Consumption 8.4 kVA
Secondary
Open circuit voltage 80 V
Welding current 5 - 200 A 5 - 300 A 5 - 400 A
Duty cycle 10 min. 200 A at 30% 230 A at 60% 320 A at 60%
cycle (at 40 °C)
Diam. Electrode 1.6 to 4.0 mm 1.6 to 5.0 mm 1.6 to 6.0 mm
Other
500 x 180 x 390 mm
Dimensions (L x W x H) 410 x 180 x 390 mm 500 x 180 x 650 mm in W version 500 x 180 x 650 mm

Net weight 15 kg 22 kg / 32 kg in W version 33 kg

Cooling unit No Yes in W version Yes

The CITOSTEP function in the CITOTIG range Accessories

With the CITOSTEP function, two current levels can be
chosen, the welding current and the basic current.
This facilitates the change from one to the other by rapidly
pressing the torch trigger. The CITOSTEP function can be
used to adjust heat input momentarily, to change welding
positions or to replenish the filler metal supply without
having to stop welding.
This very high-tech range of TIG equipment has all the product
features required by the most skilled welders for the widest range
of demanding applications. For maximum functionality, there is a full
range of accessories, such as hand - or foot - operated remote
control units and trolleys.

20
 Arc equipment
MMA electrode power sources

MMA electrode power sources

OERLIKON propose a wide range of equipment for MMA welding.
This is a selection of units for on site applications in all conditions.
2570-07

CITOARC 1800 HPF CITOARC 2200i VRD

■ Very light and portable unit for ■ Portable 3 phase unit for heavy

2009-055
maintenance applications and maintenance
■ Ultra flexible for light duty operations
and flexible finishing applications ■ Generator compatible

■ Possibilty to weld with very long ■ Built-in Voltage Reduction Device

2009-092

primary cable (up to 70 m) for higher security, for welding all types
of MMA electrodes, including cellulosic
■ Inverter technology

CITOARC 1900 EXPERT CITOARC 3500i

■ CITOARC 1900 EXPERT ■ Multi-process (MMA, Gouging,
offers top welding TIG DC, MIG) inverter unit
2010-066

performance (Arc Force ■ Welding MMA electrodes up

and Hot-Start adjustment) to Ø 6.3 mm
■ Maximum safety is ensured ■ MIG welding with the DV 4004
2006-762

with the Voltage Reduction wire feeder option

Device (VRD) ■ CC/CV 3phase unit
■ Designed for heavy duty use, for all types of MMA ■ Weighing only 29 kg
electrodes, including cellulosic
■ Microprocessor controlled, it offers excellent arc stability,
even with fluctuating input voltage CITOROD 6500 XT
■ The built-in High Power Factor module enables welding ■ For the heaviest duty applications

2008-800
with 160 Amps at 50% duty cycle at 40 °C with a primary including arc air gouging
consumption of only 16A ■ Thyristor technology
■ Digital parameter display ■ Multiprocess (MMA, Gouging,
■ Generator compatible, may be used with long length TIG DC, MIG) - 3 phase unit
cables, up to 70m in 2.5 mm² section) ■ Possibility of MIG/MAG welding
■ Very versatile and when TIG welding, the slope up and using DEVIDARC an autonomous
slope down times can be set by the control panel wire-feeder

Technical CITOARC CITOARC CITOARC 2200i VRD CITOARC 3500i CITOROD 6500 XT
specifications: 1800 HPF 1900 EXPERT
Primary
230 V single-phase 230 V single-phase 400 V three-phase 400 V three-phase 230 - 400 V
Power supply (+15%/-20% ) (±20%) (±20%) (±10%) three-phase (±15%)
Effective consumption 15 A 16 A 9A 28.5 A 102 - 60 A
Secondary
Open circuit voltage 44 V 67 V (14 V rest voltage) 105 V (14 V rest voltage) 91 V 75 V
Welding current 10 - 180 A 5 - 160 A 5 - 220 A 5 - 350 A 10 - 630 A
Duty cycle 10 min. 160 A at 50%
180 A at 20% 150 A at 60% 220 A at 40% 350 A at 35% 630 A at 35%
cycle (at 40 °C) 130 A at 100%
MMA 1.6 to 4.0 mm 1.6 to 4.0 mm 1.6 to 5.0 mm 1.6 to 6.0 mm 1.6 to 6.3 mm
Diam. Electrode
Gouging - - - Up to 6.3 mm Up to 10 mm
Dimensions (L x W x H) 170 x 320 x 395 mm 205 x 345 x 450 mm 250 x 470 x 450 mm 525 x 300 x 390 mm 1000 x 600 x 600 mm
Net weight 6.6 kg 9 kg 19 kg 29 kg 176 kg

21
 Arc equipment
Plasma cutting installations

Plasma cutting installations

OERLIKON has a complete Manual
Plasma cutting range for all applications.
2009-273

From the CITOCUT K, a single phase unit with integrated CITOCUT 40C
compressor, a highly portable unit that cuts up to 6 mm, Product features:
to the NERTAJET 50, a high performance chopper, multi gas ■ High cutting capcity: 40 mm with 120 A
machine that cuts up to 50 mm of steel. ■ High duty cycle: 50% at 40 °C
■ 4 steps for setting the current according to the thickness to cut
CITOCUT 40iC
■ IP 23 for indoor and outdoor applications
Heavy duty portable cutting unit inverter technology.
■ High quality cut with drag cutting nozzles
■ 400V 50/60 Hz three-phase
■ Delivered ready to use with 6 m torch, air hose, primary cable,
■ Heavy duty cycle, 120 A at 60% at 40 °C
earth cable, starting set of wear parts
■ Quality cut, up to 40 mm
■ Input voltage three-phase: 220/230/380/400 V - 50/60 Hz
■ Contact cut, distance cut, plasma gouging
■ Torch with central connector
■ Blow back start, no HF interference
■ Grid cutting capability
■ Central connector: for quick deconnection of the torch and
easier transport
2011-452

2010-260

Technical features CITOCUT 40iC CITOCUT 40C

Power supply 3 phase 50/60 Hz 400 V +/-15 % 220-230-380-400 V +/-10 %
Effective primary consumption 21.2 A 52 A
Maximum primary consumption 26.9 A 73 A
Secondary current range 10 A - 120 A 35 A - 120 A
at 50% - 120 A
Duty Cycle at 60% 120 A 85 A (75%)
at 100% 100 A 50 A
Dimensions (L x W x H) 720 x 310 x 430 mm 500 x 855 x 705 mm
Weight 35 kg 120 kg
Protection index /class IP 23S / H
Standard EN 60974-1 ; EN 60974-10

22
 Equipment for submerged arc welding
1881-064

2007-386

2013-590
SAW equipments
Air Liquide Welding offers a complete range of equipment combining performance, flexibility of use and ensuring
high reliability in welding cycle management. Subarc 5 and D2C SAW installations allow:
■ welding with direct current (DC) according to horizontal or drooping power source characteristics,
■ welding with alternating current (AC) according to drooping power source characteristics.

SUBARC 5 control D2C SAW: Digital Cycle Control

2014-268
For the most demanding users, a control box with: Digital welding system for the complete
■ rugged, simple and user friendly controls, management of the machine and the
■ digital read-out of three parameters: main parameters of SAW welding
current, voltage and wire speed, (current, voltage, wire speed, welding
presetting of voltage and welding current, speed) from only one cycle control:
■ storage and read-out on digital displays ■ centralized console to manage welding
of current and welding voltage, process, machine cycle and integrated
■ wire/workpiece short-circuit detection peripherals as laser spot, crossed slides
and display in manual wire feeding mode of the head, seam tracking...
2014-478

minimizes mechanical stresses on wire ■ large graphic display on touch screen with user friendly and
feed head supports. intuitive interface allowing the programming, controls and follow up,
■ easy setting of the machine,
■ data saving via ethernet connection.
STARMATIC power sources
A complete range of power sources DC or AC available
for the various SAW applications:
■ rugged, reliable, suitable for
2000-357
agressive industrial surroundings,
3670-003

2006-781

■ fan cooled, fitted with thermal cut-out,

■ easy to move using crane or forklift,
■ quick connection,
■ remote control.

STARMATIC 650 DC STARMATIC 1003 DC STARMATIC 1303 DC STARMATIC 1003 AC/DC

Duty cycle at 100% 650 A - 44 V 1 000 A - 44 V 1 300 A - 44 V 1 000 A - 44 V
Primary power supply 3x 400 - 440 V / 50-60 Hz 3x 380 - 400 V - 415 V / 50-60 Hz
Power consumption 34.5 kVA 69 kVA 103 kVA 122.7 kVA
Protection class IP 21 IP 23 IP 21
Weight 247 kg 394 kg 483 kg 540 kg
Dimensions (H x W x D) 692 x 565 x 914 mm 900 x 650 x 950 mm 1 120 x 692 x 1 170 mm

MEGATRAC 6 : SAW self propelled tractor

A practical, efficient and cost effective solution:
■ modular SAW carriage which can be adapted to various applications,
■ flat and angle assembly of plates in all grades and thicknesses,
■ welding with single (Ø 1,6 to 5 mm) or twin wires (Ø 1,2 – 1,6 mm),
2008-337

■ crabbing arms,
■ flux recovery in option.

23
 Flame and Plasma cutting machines
OXYTOME / PLASMATOME RS & TWIN RS - CYBERTOME open
the way to all oxycutting and plasma arc cutting operations that
require the use of machines capable of cutting very wide plates
and implementing more complex options.

2009-300

OXYTOME RS
Reinforced structure for OXYTOME / PLASMATOME (RS)
For plates wider than 4 m or for certain equipment, a reinforced
structure is used to ensure movement stability and precision.

2009-179
PLASMATOME TWIN
TWIN structure for OXYTOME / PLASMATOME
The TWIN structure is designed as a double transversal beam
equipped with liner guides and bearing, located in a safety position
away from heat radiation. This machine is specially suitable for
bevelling head applications requiring a transversal cutting stroke over
4 m or tool holder of 800 mm. Finally, the accuracy of this machine
is particulary suitable for HP plasma applications.
2013-203

2011-014
CYBERTOME
Designed as a “machine tool” concept, stated in terms of
accuracy and repeatability according to current standards.
This design can be modified to accomodate special requirements, and allows sheet
metal cutting of 8 m width and more.

EQUIPMENTS
MACH HP & NERTAJET HPi NERTAJET BEVEL HP
installations An efficient tool for all cuts that require
Installations NERTAJET HPi 150 - 300 particular preparation for welding, or
- 450 - 600 and oxyfuel MACH HP any other applications requiring bevels.
dedicated to oxycutting and plasma It thus makes it possible to make V, Y,
arc cutting for intensive use and X and K bevels in
precision cuts. a large range of
thicknesses and
materials.
2012-751

AZURMATIC tables
2011-542

A large range of cutting tables adapted to the

2014-391

process of cutting:
2013-584

■ Table with air extraction for dry cutting.

■ Variable water level table specially intended
for immersed plasma cutting.

24
Accessories and PPE
(Personal Protective Equipment)

Air Liquide Welding through WELDLINE offers a wide range of tools

and accessories dedicated for welding applications (cables, earth
clamps, torches, brushes and hammers, sprays…) as well as
personal protective equipment for the welder (gloves, clothing,
goggles, mask…) and for the workshop (strips, curtains, etc...).
2009-471

Tungsten electrodes Sprays

For TIG welding, a full range of non Anti-spatter (SPRAYMIG), crack detection products (FLUX0),
consumable tungsten electrodes. leak detection (BUBBLE).

2012-278
The range includes pure tungsten

2012-277

2012-279
electrodes and several types of alloyed
electrodes. 2007-394
62

Pure Tungsten for AC welding of aluminum

9-4
200

Tungsten + cerium for DC welding

Tungsten + lanthanum for both DC and AC welding

2007-794
Tungsten + rare earths for both DC and AC welding

Welder Protection SPRAYMIG BUBBLE FLUXO

A complete range of helmets, leather and cotton clothing,
glasses, gloves and shoes. The ZEPHYR helmet ensures comfort CLEANOX
and protection with a new high performance liquid crystal cell, Stainless steel treatment
extra-wide vision and extreme reliability. The ZEPHYR is equipped WELDLINE propose a complete

2008-383
with a forced air flow system preventing welding fume from range of products for stainless
infiltrating into the welder’s helmet. The filter and protection steel surface treatment:
screen are easy to extract, with pressure on the push button. ■ CLEANOX (Degreasing,

Adjustable head gear (4 positions) with an optimised design to product in liquid)

ensure good protection of the head, and light weight for comfort. ■ PICKLINOX (Pickling,
product in gel, paste
or liquid)
2008-389

■ RESTORINOX (Passivation,
product in gel) 2008-386

RESTORINOX

PICKLINOX
Ovens
2011-521

Cables and connectors

Primary and secondary cables, solid copper
meeting the international standards requirements.
14
-8
07
20
2000-174

2008-574

A full range of portable quivers,

holding and re-baking ovens for
2008-579

MMA electrodes and hopper

ovens for SAW fluxes.

25
 Temperature Conversion Table

°C °F °C °F °C °F °C °F
- 156.6 - 250 - 418 - 36.6 - 34 - 29.2 - 25.5 - 14 6.8 - 14.4 6 42.8
- 128.8 - 200 - 328 - 36.1 - 33 - 27.4 - 25.0 - 13 8.6 - 13.9 7 44.6
- 101.1 - 150 - 238 - 35.5 - 32 - 25.6 - 24.4 - 12 10.4 - 13.3 8 46.4
- 73.3 - 100 - 148 - 35.0 - 31 - 23.8 - 23.8 - 11 12.2 - 12.8 9 48.2
- 45.5 - 50 - 58 - 34.4 - 30 - 22.0 - 23.3 - 10 14.0 - 12.2 10 50.0

- 45.0 - 49 - 56.2 - 33.8 - 29 - 20.2 - 22.7 - 9 15.8 - 11.7 11 51.8

- 44.4 - 48 - 54.4 - 33.3 - 28 - 18.4 - 22.2 - 8 17.6 - 11.1 12 53.6
- 43.8 - 47 - 52.6 - 32.7 - 27 - 16.6 - 21.6 - 7 19.4 - 10.6 13 55.4
- 43.3 - 46 - 50.8 - 32.2 - 26 - 14.8 - 21.1 - 6 21.2 - 10.0 14 57.2
- 42.7 - 45 - 49 - 31.6 - 25 - 13.0 - 20.5 - 5 23.0 - 9.44 15 59.0

- 42.2 - 44 - 47.2 - 31.1 - 24 - 11.2 - 20.0 - 4 24.8 - 8.89 16 61.8

- 41.6 - 43 - 45.4 - 30.5 - 23 - 9.4 - 19.4 - 3 26.6 - 8.33 17 63.6
- 41.1 - 42 - 43.6 - 30.0 - 22 - 7.6 - 18.8 - 2 28.4 - 7.78 18 65.4
- 18.3 - 1 30.2 - 7.22 19 67.2
- 40.5 - 41 - 41.8 - 29.4 - 21 - 5.8
- 17.8 0 32.0 - 6.67 20 68.0
- 40.0 - 40 - 40.0 - 28.8 - 20 - 4.0
- 17.2 1 33.8 - 6.11 21 69.8
- 39.4 - 39 - 38.2 - 28.3 - 19 - 2.2 - 16.7 2 35.6 - 5.56 22 71.6
- 38.8 - 38 - 36.4 - 27.7 - 18 - 0.4 - 16.1 3 37.4 - 5.0 23 73.4
- 38.3 - 37 - 34.6 - 27.2 - 17 1.4 - 15.6 4 39.2 - 4.44 24 75.2
- 37.7 - 36 - 32.8 - 26.6 - 16 3.2 - 15.0 5 41.0 - 3.89 25 77.0
- 37.2 - 35 - 31 - 26.1 - 15 5.0

°C °F °C °F °C °F °C °F
- 33.3 26 78.8 7.78 46 114.8 18.9 66 150.8 30.0 86 186.8
- 2.78 27 80.6 8.33 47 116.6 19.4 67 152.6 30.6 87 188.6
- 2.22 28 82.4 8.89 48 118.4 20.2 68 154.4 31.1 88 190.4
- 1.67 29 84.2 9.44 49 120.2 20.6 69 156.2 31.7 89 192.2
- 1.11 30 86.0 10.0 50 122.0 21.1 70 158.0 32.2 90 194.0

- 0.56 31 87.8 10.6 51 123.8 21.7 71 159.8 32.8 91 195.8

0.00 32 89.6 11.1 52 125.6 22.2 72 161.6 33.3 92 197.6
0.56 33 91.4 11.7 53 127.4 22.8 73 163.4 33.9 93 199.4
1.11 34 93.2 12.2 54 129.2 23.3 74 165.2 34.4 94 201.2
1.67 35 95.0 12.8 55 131.0 23.9 75 167.0 35.0 95 203.0

2.22 36 96.8 13.3 56 132.8 24.4 76 168.8 35.6 96 204.8

2.78 37 98.6 13.9 57 134.6 25.0 77 170.6 36.1 97 206.6
3.33 38 100.4 14.4 58 136.4 25.6 78 172.4 36.7 98 208.4
3.89 39 102.2 15.0 59 138.2 26.1 79 174.2 37.2 99 210.2
4.44 40 104.0 15.6 60 140.0 26.7 80 176.0 38 100 212.0

5.00 41 105.8 16.1 61 141.8 27.2 81 177.8 43 110 230

5.56 42 107.6 16.7 62 143.6 27.8 82 179.6 49 120 248
6.11 43 109.4 17.2 63 145.4 28.3 83 181.4 54 130 266
6.67 44 111.2 17.8 64 147.2 28.9 84 183.2 60 140 284
7.22 45 113.0 18.3 65 149.0 29.4 85 185.0 66 150 302

°C °F °C °F °C °F °C °F
71 160 320 177 350 662 621 1150 2102 1177 2150 3902
77 170 338 182 360 680 649 1200 2192 1204 2200 3992
82 180 356 188 370 698 677 1250 2282 1232 2250 4082
88 190 374 193 380 716 704 1300 2372 1260 2300 4172
93 200 392 199 390 734 732 1350 2462 1288 2350 4262

99 210 410 204 400 752 760 1400 2552 1316 2400 4352
100 212 413 232 450 842 788 1450 2642 1343 2450 4442
104 220 428 260 500 932 816 1500 2732 1371 2500 4532
110 230 446 288 550 1022 843 1550 2822 1399 2550 4622
116 240 464 316 600 1112 871 1600 2912 1427 2600 4712

121 250 482 343 650 1202 899 1650 3002 1454 2650 4802
127 260 500 371 700 1292 927 1700 3092 1482 2700 4892
132 270 518 399 750 1382 954 1750 3182 1510 2750 4982
138 280 536 427 800 1472 982 1800 3272 1538 2800 5072
143 290 554 454 850 1562 1010 1850 3362 1566 2850 5162

149 300 572 482 900 1652 1038 1900 3452 1593 2900 5252
154 310 590 510 950 1742 1066 1950 3542 1621 2950 5342
160 320 608 538 1000 1832 1093 2000 3632 1649 3000 5432
166 330 626 566 1050 1922 1121 2050 3722
171 340 644 593 1100 2012 1149 2100 3812

Note: the numbers in bold type refer to the temperature, either in Celsius or Fahrenheit, which is desired to convert into the other scale. If converting from
Fahrenheit degrees to Celsius degrees, the equivalent temperature will be found in the left column, while converting from Ceslsius degrees to Fahrenheit
degrees the answer will be found in the column on the right.

26
Impact Toughness Conversion Table

J ft.lb. J ft.lb. J ft.lb. J ft.lb.

20 14.7 48 35.4 76 56.0 104 76.7
22 16.2 50 36.8 78 57.5 106 78.1
24 17.7 52 38.3 80 59.0 108 79.6
26 19.1 54 39.8 82 60.4 110 81.1
28 20.6 56 41.3 84 61.9 112 82.6
30 22.1 58 42.7 86 63.4 114 84.0
32 23.6 60 44.2 88 64.9 116 85.5
34 25.0 62 45.7 90 66.3 118 87.0
36 26.5 64 47.2 92 67.8 120 88.5
38 28.0 66 48.6 94 69.3 122 89.9
40 29.5 68 50.1 96 70.8 124 91.4
42 30.9 70 51.6 98 72.2 126 92.9
44 32.4 72 53.1 100 73.7 128 94.4
46 33.9 74 54.5 102 75.2 130 95.8

J ft.lb. J ft.lb. J ft.lb.

132 97.3 160 118.9 188 138.5
134 98.8 162 119.4 190 140.0
136 100.3 164 120.8 192 141.5
138 101.7 166 122.3 194 142.9
140 103.2 168 123.8 196 144.4
142 104.7 170 125.3 198 145.9
144 106.2 172 126.7 200 147.4
146 107.6 174 128.2
148 109.1 176 129.7
150 110.6 178 131.2
152 112.1 180 132.6
154 113.5 182 134.1
Conversion factors:
156 115.0 184 135.6
1 Joule = 0.73756 ft.lb.
158 116.5 186 137.1
1 ft.lb. = 1.35582 J

Welding Units Comparison Tables

Deposition rates Wire feed speed Consumable weight Electrode
and wire diameter
lbs/hr kg/hr ins/min m/min lbs kgs
1 0.45 25 0.6 2.2 1 inches mm
2 0.9 50 1.3 4.4 2 0.024 0.6
3 1.36 75 1.9 6.6 3 0.030 0.8
4 1.81 100 2.5 8.8 4 0.035 0.9
5 2.26 125 3.1 11.0 5 0.045 1.0
6 2.72 150 3.8 13.2 6 0.052 1.2
7 3.17 175 4.4 15.4 7 1/ 1.6
16
8 3.68 200 5.1 17.6 8 5/
9 4.08 225 5.7 19.8 9 64 2.0
3/ 2.4
10 4.53 250 6.3 22.0 10 32
11 4.98 275 6.9 33.0 15 7/
64 3.0
12 5.44 300 7.6 44.0 20 1/ 3.2
8
13 5.89 325 8.2 55.0 25
5/ 4.0
14 6.35 350 8.9 66.0 30 32
15 6.80 375 9.5 77.0 35 3/ 5.0
16
16 7.25 400 10.2 88.0 40 1/
4 6.0
17 7.71 425 10.8 99.0 45
18 8.16 450 11.4 110.0 50
19 8.61 475 12.0
20 9.07 500 12.7 Electrode length
21 9.52 525 13.3
22 9.97 550 14.0
inches mm
23 10.43 575 14.6
24 10.88 600 15.2 10 250
25 11.33 625 15.8 12 300
650 16.5 13 330
675 17.1 14 350
700 17.8 18 450

27
 Stress Conversion Table

N/mm2 ksi psi MPa N/mm2 ksi psi MPa N/mm2 ksi psi MPa
150 21.8 21800 150 350 50.8 50800 350 550 79.8 79800 550
160 23.2 23200 160 360 52.2 52200 360 560 81.2 81200 560
170 24.7 24700 170 370 53.7 53700 370 570 82.7 82700 570
180 26.1 26100 180 380 55.1 55100 380 580 84.1 84100 580
190 27.6 27600 190 390 56.6 56600 390 590 85.6 85600 590
200 29.0 29000 200 400 58.0 58000 400 600 87.0 87000 600
210 30.5 30500 210 410 59.5 59500 410 610 88.5 88500 610
220 31.9 31900 220 420 60.9 60900 420 620 89.9 89900 620
230 33.4 33400 230 430 62.4 62400 430 630 91.4 91400 630
240 34.8 34800 240 440 63.8 63800 440 640 92.8 92800 640
250 36.3 36300 250 450 65.3 65300 450 650 94.3 94300 650
260 37.7 37700 260 460 66.7 66700 460 660 95.7 95700 660
270 39.2 39200 270 470 68.2 68200 470 670 97.2 97200 670
280 40.6 40600 280 480 69.6 69600 480 680 98.6 98600 680
290 42.1 42100 290 490 71.1 71100 490 690 100.1 100100 690
300 43.5 43500 300 500 72.5 72500 500 700 101.5 101500 700
310 45.0 45000 310 510 74.0 74000 510 710 103.0 103000 710
320 46.4 46400 320 520 75.4 75400 520 720 104.4 104400 720
330 47.9 47900 330 530 76.9 76900 530 730 105.9 105900 730
340 49.3 49300 340 540 78.3 78300 540 740 107.3 107300 740

N/mm2 ksi psi MPa N/mm2 ksi psi MPa N/mm2 ksi psi MPa
750 108.8 108800 750 950 137.8 137800 950 1150 166.8 166800 1150
760 110.2 110200 760 960 139.2 139200 960 1160 168.2 168200 1160
770 111.7 111700 770 970 140.7 140700 970 1170 169.7 169700 1170
780 113.1 113100 780 980 142.1 142100 980
1180 171.1 171100 1180
790 114.6 114600 790 990 143.6 143600 990
800 116.0 116000 800 1000 145.0 145000 1000 1190 172.6 172600 1190
810 117.5 117500 810 1010 146.5 146500 1010 1200 174.0 174000 1200
820 118.9 118900 820 1020 147.9 147900 1020
830 120.4 120400 830 1030 149.4 149400 1030
840 121.8 121800 840 1040 150.8 150800 1040
850 123.3 123300 850 1050 152.3 152300 1050
860 124.7 124700 860 1060 153.7 153700 1060
870 126.2 126200 870 1070 155.2 155200 1070
880 127.8 127800 880 1080 156.6 156600 1080
890 129.1 129100 890 1090 158.1 158100 1090
900 130.5 130500 900 1100 159.5 159500 1100
910 132.0 132000 910 1110 161.0 161000 1110
920 133.4 133400 920 1120 162.4 162400 1120
930 134.9 134900 930 1130 163.9 163900 1130
940 136.3 136300 940 1140 165.3 165300 1140

Conversion factors: 1 N/mm2 = 145.038 psi

1 N/mm2 = 0.145038 ksi
1 MPa = 145.038 psi
1 MPa = 0.145038 ksi

Note: psi values have been rounded off to the nearest fourth digit.

28
Welding positions according to DIN EN ISO 6947:1997-05

Butt
welds
PA Horizontal PC Transverse PE Overhead PG Vertical down PF Vertical up
1G flat position 2G position 4G position 3Gd position 3Gu position

Fillet
welds
PA Horizontal PB Horizontal PD Horizontal PG Vertical down PF Vertical up
1F flat position 2F downhand position 4F overhead position 3F position 3Fu position

Pipe
welds
PA Pipe: rotated PG Pipe: fixed PF Pipe: fixed PC Pipe: fixed H-LO45 Pipe: fixed
1G Axis: horizontal 5Gd Axis: horizontal 5Gu Axis: horizontal 2G Axis: vertical 6G Axis: e.g. 45°
ASME: 1G ASME: 5Gd ASME: 5Gu ASME: 2G ASME: 6G

Pipe
welds
PB Pipe: rotated PG Pipe: fixed PF Pipe: fixed PB Pipe: fixed PD Pipe: fixed
2F Axis: horizontal 5Fd Axis: horizontal 5Fu Axis: horizontal 2F Axis: vertical 4F Axis: vertical
ASME: 2F ASME: 5Fd ASME: 5Fu ASME: 2F ASME: 4F

29
 www.oerlikon-welding.com

Contacts

Air Liquide Welding reserves the right to modify its products without prior notice. The information contained in this document is designed to help the user in his choice of
BELGIUM PORTUGAL
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Tel.: +33 1 34 21 33 33 - Fax: +33 1 34 21 31 30 AIR LIQUIDE WELDING CENTRAL EUROPE S.R.O.
Hlohovecká 6 - 951 41 NITRA - LUŽIANKY

product. The user should check that the product chosen by him is suited to the application he envisages for it.
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OERLIKON SCHWEISSTECHNIK GmbH SPAIN
Industriestrasse 12 - D-67304 EISENBERG/PFALZ

© Air Liquide Welding - W000370451 - 09/2014 - Ed.3 - HP05 - PLDB 9277 - Crédit photos : Fotolia
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Tel.: +66 29 43 2250 - Fax: +66 29 43 2256
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Contacts for other countries:

Air Liquide Welding Export Department Italy Air Liquide Welding Export Department France
Loc. Casalmenini, 13, rue d’Epluches
337010 - RIVOLI-VERONESE (VR) CS 10113 Saint Ouen l’Aumône
Tel.: +39 045 82 91 511- Fax: +39 045 82 91 536 95315 CERGY-PONTOISE Cedex
Tel.: +33 1 34 21 33 33 - Fax: +33 1 30 37 19 73

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