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(R) ASIA AND PACIFIC FOREST INDUSTRIES DEVELOPMENT GROUP. TECHNICAL REPORT ON THE WORKSHOP ON DOWNSTREAM TIMBER PROCESSING, PETALING JAYA, MALAYSIA, 3-18 DECEMBER 1990 (19774.en) PDF
(R) ASIA AND PACIFIC FOREST INDUSTRIES DEVELOPMENT GROUP. TECHNICAL REPORT ON THE WORKSHOP ON DOWNSTREAM TIMBER PROCESSING, PETALING JAYA, MALAYSIA, 3-18 DECEMBER 1990 (19774.en) PDF
This publication has been made available to the public on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the
United Nations Industrial Development Organisation.
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CONTACT
IO/R.242
13 July 1992
UNITED NATIONS
' INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
'
DU/RAS/86/048
1,
* This document has not been edited.
V.92-55702
- ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Preface 1
Project Background 1
VIII. Acknowledgements 16
ANNEXES
I List of Participants 17
II Compilation of the Evaluation by the Participants 21
PREFACE
and that developing human resource is one of the keys to success in any effort
to develop the timber processing industry in developing countries.
To this end, H. P. Brion, UNIDO's Team Leader for the DTP Workshop added
that:
PROJECT BACKGROUND
The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) has entrusted the Food
and Agriculture Organization (FAO) to implement a technical assistance project
in the Asian/Pacific region entitled "Asia/Pacific Forest Industries
Development Group".
2
The project had six i11111ediate objectives, among which the following were
relevant to the Workshop on Downstream Timber Processiny:
A. ADMINISTRATIVE MATTERS
In view of the delay in the arrival in Kuala Lumpur of the UNIDO Team
Leader, who was then having difficulties in arranging for air transportation
out of Bhutan where he was on mission for UNIDO, the Asia-Pacific Forest
Industries Development Group (APFIDG, FAO) did an excellent job of preparing
the groundwork activities for the Workshop.
The leisure ti~e group activities were limited to a tour of Malacca city
and the Farewell Dinner for the Workshop staff and participants, as a result
of the tight Workshop schedule.
Members:
Mohd. Zin Jusoh
Doraisingam Hanikam
4
Ismail Hashim
Zaidon Ashaari
(Mrs.) Zainap Abd. Ghani
Harmaen Ahmad Saff ian
,
Dr. Damis Awang, Dean, Faculty of Forestry, UPH, and Hr. Sein Maung
Wint, Team Leader, APFIDG, provided their services as Committee Advisors.
C. DOCUMENTATION
Except for the two documents on marketing, all documents were submitted
in time by the Workshop lecturers. These documents were reproduced and
photocopies were distributed to the Workshop participants. Furthermore,
because of problems in clearing the shipment of fifty copies each of two
reference documents on marketing shipped from Geneva, Switzerland, the
Workshop participants were not furnished the documents, to wit:
I I. PRO,TECT BUDGET
An additional $US 50, 000 was provided by the Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United Nations (FAO) to the United Nations Industrial
Development Organization (UNIDO) for the purpose of organizing and conducting
the Workshop on Downstream Timber Pr~~essing. The funds were allocated and
spent as follows:
s
TOTAL 70 '952
1
Costs of reproduction of lecture texts and distribution costs are not
included in this budget.
6
There were four plant visits in all (two per week). These were to: a
kiln-drying plant, a moulding plant and two furniture manufacturing plants
(one manufacturing furniture components and the other, knock-down furniture
items for export).
*NOTE: IN VIEW OF THE SUDDEM DEATH (TUESDAY 11 DECDllER) OF MR. F. CHEW' S FATHER, MR. STEVEN TAN,
SALES HA!tAGt.R, WADXIN-ROBINSON (MALAYSIA) SON. BBD, PRESPlfTED MR. CHP.W'S PAP!lt. FURTHER
ARRAHG!>mfTS WERE "fADE ~ MR. CHEW TO ELABCllATE ON BIS PAPER AND ANSWER QUESTIONS FRCli THE
Waucseop PARTICIPAJITS DURING FRIDAY, s KIUIING SESSI(lll.
09:00 - 10: 15 Production planning and control (H. P. Brion, UNI DO)
10:15 - 10:45 Coffee break
10:45 - 12:00 Production planning and control (continued)
12:00 - 14:00 Lunch
14:00 - 15:15 Product development for industrial production (Stephen S.
Tay, STECA Assoc)
9
1. Harketin& Operations
(d) The problem of where and how to get marketing information for a
firm located in an under-developed country;
2. Manufacturing Operations
(c) The most effective storage techniques and facilities for kiln-
dried lumber;
(e) The need to know more about the effective u&e of solar driers in
commercial scale wood processing operations.
(a) The need for government policies that will encourage downstream
timber processing;
(a) Even before actual production and export marketing activities are
started, a cl~ar understanding of the wood products and the
characteristics of the target markets (distribution networks. pricing
practices, etc.) are needed to enable the sawmiller (or the furniture
manufacturer) to draw up a realistic and viable programme of
activities;
(c) There exist good sources of marketing information, but these are
not yet fully known to the wood products manufacturers in developing
countries, particularly the small- and medium-scale furniture/joinery
products manufacturing firms. Market studies have bet~n conducted on
specific large markets for furniture and joinery products by the United
Nations' specialized agencies and other international agencies
sponsored by developed -:ountries like the United States of America.
Japan, Canada, etc.
A. THE DISCUSSIONS
sawmilling) would give the best economic benefits ~o both the sawmiller and
the country.
8. THE OPTIONS
(a) Establish a planing mill (or moulding plant) to serve the needs
of the domestic building and construction industry;
(a) Establish kiln drying facilities for both the domestic and export
markets;
(d) Enter into joint venture with foreign partners to manufacture and
sell builders woodworks products for export, on the understanding that
the foreign partner will provide technical assistance in the design of
the factory, the selection of machinery and equipment and the training
of key factory personnel.
C. GOVERNMENT PLANNERS
iii. The neeJ for facilities and trainers to train key personnel for
the industry from qualified local manpower resources;
iv. The need for reliable and up-to-date industry and marketing
information which are necessary in the decision-making aspects of the
industry entrepreneurs; and
VIII. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ANNEX I
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
18
ANNFX II
I. PRE-COURSE INFORMATION:
1. How was the introductory information you received in your home country
about: (please mark an x in the suitable column)
What, if any. other information do you feel should have been included:
2. How many weeks before the beginning of the training programme did you
receive the following information:
Comments:
· I TBOUGBT J WAS llOT SELECTED Fal THE WCllXSBOP AS I DID llOT BEAR OF !BE OUTCCME
OF MY APPLICATICll PRt>f UNDP.
- Tmu: WAS 110 PUBLICITY ON THIS WCllXSBOP LOCALLY (MALAYSIA) , WBETllEll TO/TllROOOB
G<JV!lmmlT ca IOT WHICH IS SURPRISI. . SillCE TIE COUITRY IS TBE IDIT. Host ca ALL
PARTICIPAllTS CllLY Ill.ARD/READ OF TIIIS WCllXSBOP TIE WEEK B!FaU: ( 3-4 DAYS, IllCLUDillG THE
WED.- EllD) IT STARTED. PlJBLICITY SllOOLD HAVE BE!ll HADE f«llE TIH!LY •
- Hca! TIM! SBOUU> BE GIVEll TO Ilftllot THE PAJlTICIPAITS or THEIR ACCEFTAllCE TO TBE
PROOIWfolE ~ THAT TB!Y CAI BE BETT!R PR!PAJlED. THE LATE ACCEPTAJICE IOTICE CREATED
DIFFICU'.TIES II BOTH wmJC iiJID 11DtE C<Mfl?HEllTS.
22
II. PROGRAMME CONTENT AND ORGANIZATION:
Too long 1
Jl•st: right 11
Too short: 2
'
If 1lQ!. •just right:•, what:, in your opinion would be t:he most suitable
duration for the course?
4 weeks 1
3 weeks 1
1 week 1
Please co11111ent::
- l>uRATIClr IS CKAi'. ffGIEVER, SCME SEX:TIClrS OF TBE PllOOiWt'fE SBOOLD HAVE BEE!f MADE
S!DlTER AID OTHERS LCll>ER.
- TBE COORSE COVERED A WICE RAm:iE OF TOPICS, TBEREFmE AT LEAST n«> WEE1CS' TIME WAS
IEEDE>.
- THE DllRATICB OF TBE COURSE EJIABLED THE PARTICIPABTS TO ICllCJJ TBE SUBJECT IN EllOOGB
DETAIL, IB CllDER TO IMPART SUFFICIEBT UllDERSTABDI!Si.
Too heavy 2
Just right: 11
Too light 1
Comments:
- FCll A n«l WEEIC COURSE IT WOOLD HAVE BEEN APPROPRIATE TO HAVE LECTURES IN THE
K'.llBis; SESSIClfS ABO TBE OTBER HALF OF TBE DAY ( AFTERllOClt) TO HAVE FIELD wauc Cll
FACTCllY VISITS. TBIS TYPE OF IJUWIG!MEllT IS TO HELP PARTICIPABTS AVOID FEELING BalED
AID SL!EPY.
- THE DAILY SCHEDULE WAS ALL RIGHT EXCEPT THAT THERE WERE SQofE TOPICS WHICH I TBilllC
lfEEDE> l«llE TIME TllAlf OTBERS,
FCR EXAMPLE PROOUCTIOll HAllAGl'Jmf?.
- ENABLE PARTICIPABTS TO GO TBROOGB SUBJECTS THAT BAVE BEEN DELIVERED AND TO RAISE
Cll SOLV! TBE PROBLl'JtS AT TBE !JID OF TB! DAY •
5. Would you suggest any cban&es in the general nature of the training
programme?
- P!RllAPS PAPERS PRES!lfT!D SBOl.ILD BAV! StHWlIF.S WBICB COOLD BE EASILY REFERRED TO
DURilllG QU!STiat TIM!.
- YES, ROOBD-TABLE DISCUSSIClfS SB::_uJ BE RELil KllE FREQUEKTLY - ROT ONLY TC DISCUSS
WCJIKSBOP SUBJECTS BUT ALSO TO RELATE TO ~CTUAL INDUSTRY/PARTICIPANT EXPERIENCES.
Tm: TRAillill:> l'ROORAN4E SBOOt.D STRF.SS KllE ON FACTCllY VISIT RATHER THAN
LECTt.'RES/TBmlY.
- I waJUl LIICE VElY tfJCB TO IOIGI TBE CCMPARATIVE AOVAllTAGE OF EACH COOllTRY OVER THAT
OF THE O'.l1!ER.S •
- AFTER ATTENIHll:> THE Waucseop I THIRK I ICKCJJ so HUCH ABOUT MJST OF THE PROCESSES
AllD J AH llCJJ GETTING MYSELF IllVOLVED DIRECTLY WITH THE PROCESS OF ~Ill:> BY
l«lVIlfG HY OFFICE TO THE FACTCRY. ( BEFCRE, HY OFFICE WAS AWAY Ill THE CITY. )
- PART OF HY JOB IS HAIUCET A11D PROOUCT DEVELOfMElfT. WCIWiBOP BAS SBGlll VARIOOS DTP
AND ITS VIABILITY. WCRJCSBOP BAS ALSO RF.AFFIRHED/CCllFIRHED BY BELIEF IN QUALITY
CORTROL WHICH IS VElY LACICIIC IN HA11Y AsIAB COOlllRIES.
- Ir GREATL'.i HELP.ED ME Ill THE OVERALL INSIGHT A11D EVAWATION OF DTP VIS-A-VIS MY
CCMPAllY 'S EXPABSION PROGRAMotE.
7. Please give your opinion about the study visits (if any):
- VERY GOOD
- MORE TIME SHOULD BE ALLOCATED FOR DISCUSSION AnER EACH VISIT, TO COVER
STREllGTB/W!AJCJfESS OF THE HILL VISITED •
- THE LECTURERS, ESPECIALLY MR. 8R:ON, WERE VERY PAKTICULAR THAT THE PARTICIPANTS WERE
WELL IllFCllHED OF THE DETAILS OF THE StlRROUlfllillGS OF TB! FACTatY WE VISIT!!), BY
SHCJJING THE DO' S AND DONT' S IN A KIUI DRYING PLAHT OR A W00owt1UCING FACTOR'.i.
24
- SC»tE OF THE snmy VISITS PROVIDE A GOOD INSIGHT INTO THE PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF DTP '
WHILE OTHERS AR£ NOT SO PERTINENT •
- VERY IliTERESTING •
Please suggest other study visits that might have been valuable:
- WHAT ABOUT FACTORIES PRODUCING TOYS AllD OTHER VAUJE-ADDED BUT NEGLECTE!J PP.OOUCTS,
SUCH AS UTERSILS (SALAD BGlLS, DECCliATICllS ETC. ) WHICH F!TCll BIGH PRICES?
- I SUGGEST THAT VISITS TO THF. TIHB'?:R CUTTTNG AREA/LAND SBUULD BE MADE SO THAT
PARTICIPANTS WILL ICNCloi OF THE ACTUAL PROCESS OF TBE CUTTING OF A LOG AND SO FCRTB.
- MCF.E VISITS ".'O THE SUCCESSFUL FACTORIES IN TERMS OF QUALITY AND SCALE OF
PRODUCTICll.
Comments:
- SCME ARE QUITE GENERAL, OTHERS ARE A BIT TECHNICAL, dUT OVERALL, THE LEVEL OF
TRAINING IS JUST KlDERATE AND ADEQUATE.
- MucR OF THE MATERIAL I WAS FAMILIAR WITH AllD I WAS UNDER THE IMPRESSION FRC>I TBE
IlfTRODUCTCRY IlfFORMATION THAT OTHER PAJlTICIPAlfTS ~LD HAVE BAD A SIMILAR BACKGROUND
AS MYSELF.
25
9. Which subjects of the programme did you find most valuable? Please
state reason; for example new subject, my speciality, relevant to my work, new
information etc.).
10. Which subjects of the programme did you find least valuable? State why
(for example too elementary, inadequate instruction, irrelevant to my work
etc.)
11. Were there in your opinior, any relevant subjects that were not
adequately covered in the programme?
Yes 8 No 6
26
- SPECIFIC EXAMPLE (CASE snmy) OF A COUNTRY THAT BAS BEEN SUCCESSFUL IN EXI'CETIIC:
!Di DID THEY DO rr? HCM CAN OTllER COONIRILi fHJIATE rr?
- MAlucErING - MAINLY BECAUSE TBE DOC'~ THAT wmE SUPPOSED TO ACaMPANY THE urnJR.E
THOSE~.
- FURNITURE FINISHIJl:i •
12. Which changes would you have preferred in the methods of instructions?
no changes
Cal lectures lO 0 3
Cb J group work 4 9 0
(c) demonstrations 1 13 0
Comments:
- IN <'ff OPINION I WOULD PREFER TO HAVE r-mE GROUP WORK AND DfM)ffSTRATION CR FACTCRY
17ISIT RATHER THAN TOO HUCH IN LECTURE ROCM, BECAUSE PRACTICAL WILL BE tOlE EFFECTIVE
RATHER !HAN THEORY ALONE.
13. How did you find the general standard of the instructors with respect
to:
Very good 9 3
Rather good 4 8
Fair 2
Poor 0 0
Very poor 0 0
Please comment:
- EXl:!LL!NT •
27
- CcMtAJm OF ~AGE WAS VERY GOOO. ffCMEVER., USE OF IllstROCTICllAL MEDIA WAS
INEFFICIEllT - EITHER. TOO REPETITIVE (SAHE INFO AS VIDEO) Cll FAII.tlRE TO DISCUSS
SUBJECTS SIDal •
14. Did you havP. suffi~ient ti!!!e fer prcfessio?U.l cxch.a.ngc __ ,: -'- .
vi~ws W.LLll.
15. How much did you benefit from these exchanges of views with:
~ch 3 3
5-hat 3 4
Little l 2
Not at all 0 0
Please comment:
- THE PROGlWt1E STAFF WERE REALLY BEI.PFUL Ill DISPEllSIMG INFalHATial: FEWM
PARTICIPANTS START TO "OPEii UP" Allil SHARE TBA1I EXPER.IEllCES - BOTB GOOO AJlll BAD - VERY
INSIGHTFUL.
- DIFFEREllT COO!ITRIES FACE DIFFEREllT PROBUMS. Seta: TEi:llJICAI. PROBLfMS ARE SIMILAR
Allil WAYS TO SOLVE THESE PROBL.f.HS SHARED BY EJCC!Wl;E OF VIEWS WERE VERY IllFalHATIVE.
- TBE STAFF WAS VERY PROFESS;QNAL AND WELL EXPERIENCED Ill THEIR RESPEX:TIVE FIELD, BUT
PARTICIPANTS WERE QUITE
SQiE LACU.:; Ill EXPERIEllCE Cll ?BEY llAVE PROBL.f.HS WITH
CCM!UNICATial (ENGLISH) •
- THE MEETilfG OF FELLQJ PARTICIPANTS FRCJof DIFFEREllT WAI.XS OF LIFE WAS l«>ST IU'WARDING.
16. Did you find the contents of the programme relevant to conditions in
your company (institute)?
- THE ctMPAllY IS CURREJITLf UllDDGOiaG EXPAllSICll, STARTIIKi WITH KD AND W£ WERE SCllT
OF !'EELillG AROlJllD Cll WHAT DCNfS1JlEN1 PRallX:T WE sa:m.D 00.
- As All ElCE:UTIVE FCllESTER, I &AVE A LOT 10 DFAL WITH THE TIHSER IKDUSTRY Ill SARAWAK.
HEBCE TBE DCllUDGE GAillED ARE VfllY BEIEFICIAL.
- OUR o:MPAllY IS JUST AllOOT TO GO FURT1IEll IXMStltEAH IITO ACTIVITIES SOC& AS IXXR
HAKill'.i AllD HAJIUFACTURE OF FUIUIITURE c:otPmEllTS, llEa:E t..iE REI.EVAllCE OF !HIS PRo:;RNtiE.
17. Do you feel that by participating in this tra:ning programme you have
benefitted professionally?
- THE TIMBER INDUSTRY IN PAPUA Ntll GUIIEA SEEICS ADVICE ;:r; tERHS OF TECHNICAL,
SCIENTIFIC AJrO A GOOO BASED KllCllUDGE OF TBE GLOBAL FCRESTRY SITUATICllS A.IC THER£f"Cll£
THE WORKSHOP GAVE ME THE OPF\JRTUNITY TO DELIBERATE WHEN !HE NEED ARISES.
- J 'VE BED! TRAINED (TERTIARY) AS All ECOllCJ1IST (ALTHOUGH I RAVE HY BS fCllESTRY FRC>!
UPH) SO AH EXPOSURE AND DISCUSSION WITH IllDUSTRIALISTS AND FCll.ESTEP.S HELPED.
- DUE T.J HY ACADDIIC BACKGROUND, CC>1PUTER AID BUSINESS, WITH Pil!Cll KllCllLEDGE OF TIMBER
I9DUSTRY, i AH STEADILt Ll'.AJUiiING HY WAY Ill TB! TIMBER Ilrt>USTRY AllD GOING TO THE
WatXSHOP RAS INCREASED BY "TIMBER" l(JIGllLEDGE lfOT OllLY OF LOCAL COlfTEllT BUT ALSO
Rl!l'.iIOlfAL A11D TO SOtE EXT!llT, WCJlLDWID!. TB!U IS OF COORS!, foOlE TO BE L!ARHD.
29
- Paion:ssI<BALU. tBE l'llaill»9fE. OTllEJl TllAll GIVIlli A FllUITFUL IllSIGBT OF DTP • ALSO
GAVl:: VALUABLE tIPS e11 tBE oo• s AllD DCllT' s rs HYT oF TI!£ DTP ACTIVITIES.
- A LOT OF THE nrF<RM.TICll COUa:TED DURilli tBE PRailWK WILL BE USfD IS MY iUI:.
18. Do you think you will have an opportunity to apply your newly acquired
knowledge and experience in your present job?
- To ACQUIRE carmruoos IllFCRtATICll/ Cit ATTfllD SIMILAR TRAIKilli SIICE HJST IllFCllHATICll
Cit SOCB S!MillAllS SEUXl'I <Xia: 10 MY FAaJLTT.
- YITB TBIS ACQUllED mlWLEDGE. I CAii CllLT SD:iGEST TO HY' fWIAGf.MEJIT (II CURREllT TREJIDS
AJID Issum IS THE IllDUSlU. I CDISIDEll MYSELF STILL I.Aallli I• EXPERIEICE (cm: YEAR)
to CXINIICE Cit PERSUADE •
- To calVIEE TBE llOAR!: MtJeEilS Oii TBE a>sT-llEllEFIT OE IllDULGIIC I• A CEJlTAI• DTP
ACTIVITY AS WELL AS ro llBXMCEllD WllAT CaJRSE CF ACTIC9 ro llE TAl:EI <EE A PROJB:T
IS AGREED ft& IHPL9tEllTATIC9.
21. Please state your opinion about the leisure time activities organized
by the programae staff:
- RATllEI. GCXD •
- Gooo - PIOCtE nrtBiRATIC. Alll mDERSTAlll EACH O'IJIER llE?'TEll MIBi TBE PARTICIPARTS.
- ExcEl'T ft& an: EllCURSIC9 VISIT 10 TBE CITY OF f1AUCCA, TBE PARTICIPAllTS WElE FREE
ro ca;dlZE TBEIR Clo9 ACTIVInES AFTER LICttllE mms • I TJWD: IT IS <KAY •
- WOUU> RAVE APPRECIATED A "llATURE" llllD OF mIP, OR THAT COVERED SCME ASPECT OF
RllEST/TDllER IllDUSTJlY - to SEE TtlE TIHaER "LIVE" , EtC.
- TRIP TO FRIH; tGE WELL CllGAltIZED FAR!WELL DIDER *(WITH l'mE PRIVACY), l'mE VISITS.
- HcJtE TIME WITB THE ~ STAFF. TllER.EFCRE A Sl'09Sallll DillllER WITH nmt IS
GOOO • TSE: tGE TBE BETTER. AND MERRIE.a.
22. Please give any co11111ents you choose on aspects not adequately covered
by this questionnaire:
- ALL COVERED •
- NAME OF PARTICIPAllTS SROUUl llE DEU:Tm IR TRIS QUESTICllllAIRE FCRI (IUIHAL PRACTICE -
I GUESS) ; MAY IllTRODUC:E SCALI_, SYSTEM TO GRATE THE CRITERIA PUT FalWIJID.