CHAPTER 1

The Problem and its Overview on Background of the study

We all know that social media has a big demand on this generation today, from teenagers,
young adults, adult and of course the senior citizens. Since senior citizen are participating in the
upgrade of the generation today, some of them are still confused on using this high-tech
technology and some of them don’t know how to use the social media. all most of us has already
have multiple accounts on social media, since senior citizens participated in this platform, they use
this tool to connect with their families, relatives , and also with their friends, they use this social
media as their mean of communication and also this serves as their entertainment and to gather
some latest news and trend updates. They can learn new things by using social media however,
this has also negative effects to them, and too much exposure from the radiation of the device may
lead to them some serious eye and health problems. Too much using social; media can experience
them loneliness and isolation. When we use this type of media, we spent much time sitting and
checking our social media accounts, this may lead them to become obese or overweight this is
because they only spent to little physical activity ain their body. .
According to Teng, C and Joo, T (2017), the prevalence of mobile devices is bringing a huge
impact to the social media user group in the recent years. There is a big contrast of the usage of
the social media among the elderlies and the young adults. It is undeniable that the social media
brings a lot of benefits for both age group. For instance web-based social networking can keep the
elderly far from dejection and tension, as long as they are connected with the outside world through
any platforms. Nowadays the technology usage is widely grown and more senior citizens are
willing to learn how to use social media appropriately. For example, social network platforms with
the features of sharing links, photos, videos, news and status updates with a growing network of
contact seems to be able to replace e-mail as the means to communicate with friends, families and
colleagues. It is obvious that efficiency and convenience of social media has gone far beyond their
limit. Some way or another, truths have demonstrated that not just the clients of more youthful
ages will lead or face digital harasser and manhandle of system when they are on the online
networking
They further stated that some of the elderly are not media literate enough, they tend to
misuse the social media by sharing unreal news which has caused the others who are media
illiterate to believe what he/she has mentioned in their news feed. Due to the advancement of
technology, senior citizens are chatting up by learning how to use social media such as Facebook,
Whatsapp and others. As a result, they might be trapped in social network as they found many
interesting activities they never faced or seen before. However, these could be some reasons
leading them to have social disconnection such as loneliness. As the children of the senior citizen
grown up, they would choose to work or study far away from home. This made them feel like
disconnected from society and also lacked of social interaction, which has led them to create a
false thought of not being appreciated. Senior citizens then might rely on social media in order to
find the feeling of being appreciated. At the same time some might have found someone who is
willing to talk to them through social media. This would lead to social disconnection as the senior
citizens now are more willing be engaged in social than in real life 1

1
 According to Smith et. al (2011), there is growing empirical evidence that ICT invasions
improved senior citizens domain life satisfaction. Senior citizen can use ICT particularly the
internet as a platform to enhance social capital, stimulate social participation, civic engagement
and community governance. Internet and social media applications allow senior to stay in touch
with family, reconnect with old friends, and connect with others hobbies and interests.

According to the Pew Internet Report as cited by Older Adults and Technology use, older
adults, despite being late adopters, are among the fastest growing groups to use social media. In
2013, more than 43% of senior citizens in the U.S used at least one type of social media, compared
to 26% in 2010 and 1% in 2008. However, senior citizen lifestyles are generally different from the
lifestyles of younger 25th australasian conference on Information Systems Social Media Use and
Senior Citizen’s Life Satisfaction 8th-10th Dec 2014, Auckland, New Zealand Rachtam and
Techatassanasoontorn age groups, thus their use of social could yield different outlooks from that
of the younger population.
With the above observations the authors therefore came out with this study to determine the effects
of social media to the life of senior citizens.

2
 Conceptual Framework

INDEPENDENT INTERVENING DEPENDENT

VARIABLE VARIABLE VARIABLE

Profile

Variable:

A. Sex
Use of Social Effects of
B. Age Group
Media Social Media to
C. Socio senior citizens.
Economic
Status

D. Educational
attainment

Scope and Delimination

This study focus on determining how the social media affects the life of the senior citizens. The
variable that will be used in this study are sex, socio economic study, age group and educational
attainment.

The respondents of this study will be the senior citizens of Cataggaman Nuevo, Viejo and Pardo.

3
Research Question

This study aimed to determine how the social media affects the life of the senior citizens.

Specifically, this study sought to answer the following questions:

1.) What are the effects of social media to the life of senior citizens when grouped according to
the following profile variables:
a) Sex
b) Socio economic status
c) Education attainment

2.) Is there significant difference on the effects of Social Media to the Life of Senior Citizens?

Hypothesis
There is no significant difference in the effects of social media to the life of senior citizens.

Significance of the Study

The result of this study would benefit the following:

The senior citizens- the result of this study will serve as there guidance on using the social
media to inform them on what are the effects of social media in their everyday life.

The community- the result of this study will give them the idea and information on what is the
advantage and disadvantage of the presence of social media to the life of the senior citizens.

4
Definition of Terms

Social media – website and applications that enable users to create and share content or to

participate in social networking.

Facebook- is an American online social media and social networking company. Is was was

founded by Mark Zuckerberg, along with fellow Harvard college students and roommates

Eduardo Saverin, and ChrisHughes.

5
 Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES AND STUDIES

Related Literature

Social media is a computer-based technology that facilitates the sharing of ideas and

information and the building of virtual networks and communities. By design, social media is

internet based and offers users easy electronic communication of personal information and other

content, such as videos and photos. Users engage with social media via computer, tablet or

smartphone via web-based software or web application, often utilizing it for messaging. Social

media originated as a tool that people used to interact with friends and family but was later adopted

by businesses that wanted to take advantage of a popular new communication method to reach out

to customers. The power of social media is the ability to connect and share information with

anyone on Earth (or multitudes of people) as long as they also use social media. Social media can

take the form of a variety of tech-enabled activities, such as photo sharing, blogging, social

gaming, social networks, video sharing, business networks, virtual worlds, reviews and more. For

individuals, social media is used to keep in touch with friends and extended family, network for

career opportunities, find people from all over the globe who share a common interest, share

content and more. Those who engage in these activities are part of a virtual social network. For

businesses, social media is an indispensable tool for finding and engaging with customers, sales,

advertising and promotion, gauging trends and offering customer service. Governments and

politicians utilize social media to engage with constituents and voters. Social media's role in

helping businesses is significant. It facilitates communication with customers, enabling the

melding of social interactions on e-commerce sites. Its ability to collect information helps focus

marketing efforts and market research. It helps in promoting products and services, as it enables

6
5the distribution of focused, timely and exclusive sales and coupons to would-be customers. And

it can assist in relationship building, such as through loyalty programs linked to social media.

Subramanyam, V. (2015) Among the 140 elderly, 25(17.9%) used social media.

115(82.1%) contributed to Non-users of which : 12(8.6%) did not possess any device; 12(8.6%)

were unaware of Internet facilities; 10(7.1%) were aware but the device did not support Internet

features; 10(7.1%) were aware having Internet-friendly devices, but did not opt for Internet

facilities; 26(18.6%) suffered from health conditions that made use of technology challenging;

45(32.1%) of them used the Internet facilities for purposes other than for social media.

(http://www.jiag.org/jiagpdf/7_70_77, Journal of The Indian Academy of Geriatrics, A Study on

Knowledge and Utilization of Social Media in Elderly People in Whitefield, Bangalore)

Antonucci, T. (2011) Among men, older age was associated with older networks.

Professional men report networks that are less geographically proximal, however, occupational

effects are most obvious in late life. Among women, age is associated with smaller networks that

are older, less geographically proximal, and less frequently contacted. Whereas less education is

associated with younger network members in midlife, among women in later life, lower levels of

education are not associated with a younger network. Professional women report older networks

composed of a higher proportion of friends than do homemakers. Higher levels of education are

linked to larger personal networks among men and women, but not to the number of individuals

considered closest. Among women, higher levels of education are also associated with less

proximal networks. (https://academic.oup.com/psychsocgerontology/article/60/6/S311/813188,

Journals of Gerontolog, Social Networks Among Men and Women: The Effects of Age and

Socioeconomic Status)

7
 Leist A. (2013) Social media use of older adults is an emerging topic with potential in

clinical practice. Concerning prerequisites, functional capacity as well as ICT- and social media-

related knowledge are necessary in the adoption of social media. Potentially negative

consequences of social media use in older age could be to adopt harmful information via online

communities and to become a victim of harmful behaviors of other users or of misuse of personal

data. However, current research highlights the potential for clinical practice and positive

consequences: social media participation can advance health-related knowledge on prevention,

diagnosis, and treatment of conditions and disorders. In terms of meaningful social exchange,

social media can be used as a means to provide and receive social support, overcome loneliness as

well as to enhance feelings of control and self-efficacy.

(https://www.karger.com/article/fulltext/346818, Journal of Gerontology, Social Media Use of

Older Adults: A Mini-Review)

Poppen, S. (2013) The use of CMC on online communities by seniors can have positive

impacts on feelings of belonging and connectedness. Such online channels may help to reduce the

loneliness and isolation often felt by seniors. As discussed, isolation has been shown to have a

negative impact on both physical and emotional wellbeing. As such, new research should be

conducted to examine how seniors may benefit from online social networks that connect them with

friends and family as well as with other seniors.

(https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/e45d/782b985c3b72a4c4174e29da0da0760b9675.pdf, Social

media, social capital, and seniors: The impact of Facebook on bonding and bridging social capital

of individuals over 65.)

Oghazi, P. (2016) Elderly individuals are increasingly using social media sites to access

health‐related information. Using responses from 610 elderly individuals in Sweden to a large‐

8
scale questionnaire survey, this study examines technology acceptance model and

sociodemographic factors that positively influence elderly individuals’ use of social media for

health‐related activities. The results show evidence of a positive association between general

technology use experience, attitudes toward technology use, age, or gender, and the use of social

media for health‐related activities. Technology attitudes strengthen the effect on social media use

for health‐related activities regarding general use of technology, for older individuals, and among

females. (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/mar.20949, Journal of Wiley Online

Library, Factors for Elderly Use of Social Media for Health‐Related Activities)

Madden M. (2010) The use of Twitter and other services to share status updates has also

grown among older users—most notably among those ages 50-64. While just 5% of users ages 50-

64 had used Twitter or another status update service in 2009, 11% now say they use these tools.

On a typical day, 6% of online adults ages 50-64 make Twitter a part of their routine, up from the

1% who did so in 2010.By comparison, social networking sites have gained a much larger foothold

in the lives of older Americans over time. One in five (20%) adults ages 50-64 say they use social

networking sites on a typical day, up from 10% one year ago. Likewise, 13% of online adults ages

65 and older log on to social networking sites, compared with just 4% who did so in 2010.

(http://www.pewinternet.org/2010/08/27/older-adults-and-social-media/, Journal of Pew Research

Center Internet & Technology, Older Adults and Social Media)

Wadley, J. (2017) older adults use — although 17 percent of them had used a social

networking site in the last month. To capture if purported benefits were from social media and not

just from general internet use, the analysis was adjusted for variou older adults use — although 17

percent of them had used a social networking site in the last month. To capture if purported benefits

were from social media and not just from general internet use, the analysis was adjusted for various

9
online uses such as paying bills or shopping for groceries. The findings showed older adults who

experienced pain were less likely to participate in social activities that require face-to-face

interactions, which offers mental benefits.Still, social media may preserve cognitive function and

psychological well-being in this population s online uses such as paying bills or shopping for

groceries, The findings showed older adults who experienced pain were less likely to participate

in social activities that require face-to-face interactions, which offers mental benefits.Still, social

media may preserve cognitive function and psychological well-being in this population

(https://record.umich.edu/articles/social-media-buffers-depression-among-older-adults-pain,

journal of The university Record, Social media buffers depression among older adults with pain)

Related Studies

Lee, K. (2015) Older adults who have had positive experiences on social media have

reported elevated moods. An American Psychological Association (APA) study found that seniors

who spend time on social media sites were more likely to participate in activities that can lead to

greater health, such as cooking healthier recipes, and finding easier ways to clean and maintain

their homes. The study also indicates that they have lower blood pressure and fewer instances of

diabetes, and less negative health habits such as smoking, depression, or disease. This is attributed

to the ability for self-education on any number of topics, and remaining in-the-know about the

latest technology trends. (https://www.comfortkeepers.com/home/info-center/aging-in-

place/seniors-and-the-positive-impact-of-social-media, Journal of Comfort Keepers, Seniors and

the Positive Impact of Social Media)

Wilson et al. (2010) stated that participants used social media and were satisfied with their

social media use in all ten life domains. The top ten activities fell into family, health, leisure,

10
consumer, self, and friend life domains. Our findings were consistent with that who argued that

social media was useful for health communication and that an increasing number of seniors are

likely to use social media for such a purpose. High usage of social media for familial purposes

among seniors is not surprising. It was reported that people in Asian societies tended to commit to

family and relationships within the family are related to their well-being. In addition to these

activities, social media is also used by seniors for leisure purposes, such as taking photographs and

posting pictures, playing games, and browsing social media to pass the time. While senior citizens

reported social media use and satisfaction with its use in the family, health and leisure domains,

they are least satisfied with social media use to form new social relationships. Although it is used

by adolescents and young adults to find new friends.

(https://aut.researchgateway.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10292/8158/acis20140_submission_157.pdf?

sequence=1&isAllowed=y, Journal of Australasian Conference on Information Systems, Social

Media Use and Senior Citizen’s Life Satisfaction)

Joo , T. (2017) discovered that Facebook is the most popular social media platform among

the elderly regardless of the age groups probably due to the popularity and the cultural acceptance

of the social media platform compared to other platforms . He further said that, in relation with

other findings regarding the majority of the respondents using social media as a way of connecting

with friends and family, and with the supporting views of our interviewee about how engrossed

elderly today in using social media in their everyday life, we can conclude that “Facebook”,

followed by “Wechat” remained a popular social media platform among the elderly and elder

adults. (https://waset.org/publications/10007039/l Journal of Humanities and Social

Sciences,Analyzing-the-usage-of-Social-Media-a-Study-on-Elderly-in-Malaysia) 10

11
Fraser, S. (2015) stated that older adults with high engagement in social interaction report more

positive wellbeing. A common idea is that the more opportunities an individual has to interact with

other people, the more social support will be available, which, in turn, will have a beneficial effect

on general wellbeing. The buffering hypothesis indicates that the existence of one’s social network

as well as substantive interactions generated among social ties can buffer people from negative life

events (Cohen & Wills, 1985). Consistent with previous findings and theories, the results of this

study indicate that using the Internet to communicate with family and friends, and meet new people

contributes to older adults’ social and emotional wellbeing. He further cited that the existence of

one’s social network as well as substantive interaction generated among social ties can buffer

people from negative life events. http://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/article/viewFile/5789/5605,

Journal of European Scientific, SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL IMPACTS OF INTERNET USE

ON OLDER ADULTS)

The primary goal of the study was to explore in detail the reasons why senior citizen use

social media and what are the impacts to their life. People use media accordingly to fulfil or satisfy

their specific or personal needs.The elderly use social media to connect with family, for leisure

purpose and overcome loneliness. The elderly tend to search and explore more information or news

on social media to enhance themselves and stick to the current trend. They could get the first hand

information on social media which has been published by the newspaper publisher on social media.

Instead of getting news from the old media which is the physical newspaper, they opt to learn to

use Internet to fulfil their desire to be more informative. It is also known as the cognitive needs in

uses and gratification theory. Besides, social media is used by the elderly to keep in touch with

their friends or relatives who are far away from them. And, when people are getting older, their

ability to walk or go out is getting lesser, thus by using social media, they are able to maintain

12
connecting with friends and relatives. They can even get connected with their old friends or trace

back their original roots by using social media or the Internet. Loneliness can be curbed by using

social media as well. Elderly use social media for their entertainment purpose. Elderly use social

media for their entertainment purposes by watching videos, photos or articles.

With this framework as guide, the study would then be /we missed on determining the effects of

social media to the life of senior citizens in relation to their respective would variable with the

hope that analysis of data would result for a positive effect in their life.

13
 Chapter III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The chapter deals with the research methodology in carrying out the study. It includes
description of the research design, the locale of the study, the respondents and sampling procedure,
research instrument, gathering of data and statistical analysis of data employed by the authors.

Research Design
This study made use Descriptive Survey Research to determine effects of social media to
the senior citizens. This research design was used to describe the senior citizens in terms of sex,
age, socio economic status and educational attainment. It also made use of the comparative
analysis in determining the significant difference in their effects when grouped according to certain
variables.

Sampling Procedures and Samples

The respondents of the study were randomly chosen from the senior citizens residents of
Cataggaman NVP using the stratified sampling technique. The slovias formula was used in
selecting respondents based on the population of senior citizen in the said barangay.
Data Gathering Method
The researchers wrote a permission letter for the approval of the principal to conduct the
study. After the approved of the principal, the authors float the questionnaires to the senior citizens
of Cattaggaman Nuevo, Viejo and Pardo. Every respondents was given enough time to answer the
provided questionnaires, for them to prevent in giving hasty response. The study made use of
questionnaires which was adopted from www.survey monkey.com entitled “Impact of social
media to the teenagers as a student” and was rephrased to suit the study. It consist of 35 statements.
A five point rating scale was used for the respondents to indicate the importance and not
importance of the items to them: 5-stongly agree, 4- agree, 3-undecided, 2- disagree, 1- strongly
disagree. Before they answer the questionnaires, we ask them first if they are using social media,
if not they do not take to answer the questioners.
Data Analysis Plan
The statistical tool used in the study were frequency, percentage and mean.

Research Instrument
The study made use of questionnaires which was adopted from www.survey
monkey.com entitled “Impact of social media to the teenagers as a student” and was rephrased to
suit the study. It consist of 35 statements. A five point rating scale was used for the respondents to
indicate the importance and not importance of the items to them.
5-stongly agree 4- agree 3-undecided 2- disagree 1- strongly disagree

14
 Data gathered from the respondents was analysed using the rating scale with their
corresponding descriptive values as follows.
5.00 – 4.20 –strongly agree
4.19- 3.40 – agree
3.39 – 2.60 – undecided
2.59 – 1. 80 - Disagree
1.79- 1.00 – strongly disagree

15
 CHAPTER 4
Presentation, Analysis, and Data presentation of Data
Table 1 . Profile of Senior Citizens based on their Gender.
GENDER FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
MALE 19 35.2%
FEMALE 35 64.8%
TOTAL 54 100%

The table shows that among the respondents, 19 (35.2%) are male and 35 (64.8%) are

female.

Table 2. Profile of Senior Citizens based on their Educational Qualifications

EDUCATIONAL FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
QUALIFICATIONS
HIGHSCHOOL LEVEL 16 29.6%
HIGHSCHOOL GRADUATE 20 37%
COLLEGE LEVEL 15 27.8%
COLLEGE GRADUATE 3 5.6%
BACHELOR’S DEGREE 0 0%
DOCTORATE DEGREE 0 0%
TOTAL 54 100%

The table shows that among the respondents, 16 (29.6%) are High school Level, 20 (37%)

are High School Graduate, 15 (27.8%) are College Level, 3 (5.6%) are College Graduate.

Table 3. Profile of Senior Citizens based on their Socio Economic Status

Socio Economic Status FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
HIGHER CLASS 7 13%
MIDDLE CLASS 39 72.2%
LOWERCLASS 8 14.8%
TOTAL 54 100%

The table shows that among the respondents, 7 (13%) are Higher Class, 39 (72.2%) are in

Middle Class, while 8 (14.8%) are in Lower Class.

16
Table 4. Effects of social media to the life of Senior Citizens based on their Gender.
MALE DV FEMALE DV GWA DV
MEAN MEAN
I.
1. 3.9 AGREE 3.9 AGREE 3.9 A
2. 4.2 STRONGLY 4.0 AGREE 4.1 A
AGREE
3. 4.2 STRONGLY 4.0 AGREE 4.1 A
AGREE
4. 4.0 AGREE 3.9 AGREE 4 A
5. 2.9 UNDECIDED 2.8 UNDECIDED 2.9 D
6. 2.9 AGREE 3.8 AGREE 3.4 A
7. 3.7 AGREE 4.8 STRONGLY 4.3 SA
AGREE
II.
1. 4.5 STONGLY 4.2 STRONGLY 4.4 SA
AGREE AGREE
2. 4.1 AGREE 4.2 STRONGLY 4.2 SA
AGREE
3. 4.1 AGREE 4.1 AGREE 4.1 A
4. 3.9 AGREE 4.6 STRONGLY 4.3 SA
AGREE
5. 3.5 AGREE 3.6 AGREE 3.6 A
III.
1. 4.1 AGREE 3.9 AGREE 4 A
2. 4.1 AGREE 4.0 AGREE 4.1 A
3. 4.3 STRONGLY 4.0 AGREE 4.2 SA
AGREE
4. 3.8 AGREE 3.5 AGREE 3.7 A
5. 3.8 AGREE 3.5 AGREE 3.7 A
6. 3.8 AGREE 3.9 AGREE 3.9 A
7. 3.6 AGREE 3.8 AGREE 3.7 A

IV.
1. 3.2 UNDECIDED 2.9 UNDECIDED 3.1 U
2. 4.2 STRONGLY 3.8 AGREE 4 A
AGREE
3. 3.8 AGREE 4.2 STRONGLY 4 A
AGREE
4. 3.1 UNDECIDED 3.7 AGREE 3.4 A
5. 4.0 AGREE 3.5 AGREE 3.8 A
6. 4.4 STRONGLY 3.8 AGREE 4.1 A
AGREE
7. 3.3 UNDECIDED 3.9 AGREE 3.6 A
8. 3.3 UNDECIDED 3.7 AGREE 3.5 A

17
 9. 3.3 UNDECIDED 3.4 AGREE 5 SA

V.
1. 4.3 STRONGLY 3.9 AGREE 4.1 A
AGREE
2. 3.9 AGREE 4.0 AGREE 4 A
3. 3.8 AGREE 4.0 AGREE 3.9 A
4. 3.9 AGREE 4.1 AGREE 4 A
5. 3.9 AGREE 3.9 AGREE 3.9 A
6. 4 AGREE 4.0 AGREE 4 A
7. 3.9 AGREE 4.0 AGREE 4 A
TOTAL 3.8 A 3.9 A 3.9 A

The table shows that the general weighted average of male and female are agreed when

grouped according by gender. In statement no. 1.7, 2.1, 2.2, 2.4, 3.3, 4.9, the results showed that

they are all strongly agreed, and also in statement no. 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.6, 2.3, 2.5, 3.1, 3.2, 3.4, 3.5,

3.6, 3.7, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, they are all agreed while in

the statement no. 1.5 ,the questions is why do they use these social networking sites, both male

and female answered disagree in organizing events.

Table 5. Effects of Social media to the life of Senior Citizens based on their Socio Economic
Status.
QUES UPPE DV MIDDL DV LOWE DV G DV
TIONS R E R W
CLASS CLASS CLASS A
MEAN MEAN MEAN
I.
1. 4.9 STRONGL 4.2 STRONG 5.0 STRONGL 4.7 SA
Y AGREE LY Y AGREE
AGREE
2. 2.7 UNDECID 4.0 AGREE 4.9 STRONGL 3.9 A
ED Y AGREE
3. 3.9 AGREE 4.2 STRONG 4.5 STRONGL 4.2 SA
LY Y AGREE
AGREE
4. 4.7 STRONGL 4.0 AGREE 4.5 STRONGL 4.4 SA
Y AGREE Y AGREE

18
 5. 4.4 STROGLY 3.0 UNDECI 4.0 AGREE 3.7 A
AGREE DED
6. 3.7 AGREE 3.8 AGREE 4.1 AGREE 3.9 A
7. 3.9 AGREE 3.7 AGREE 4.5 STRONGL 4.0 A
Y AGREE
II.
1. 4.0 STRONGL 4.3 STRONG 5.0 STROMGL 4.4 SA
Y AGREE LY Y AGREE
AGREE
2. 4.4 STRONGL 4.1 AGREE 3.9 AGREE 4.1 A
Y AGREE
3. 4.3 STRONGL 4.1 AGREE 4.9 STRONGL 4.4 SA
Y AGREE Y AGREE
4. 4.4 STRONGL 4.1 AGREE 4.5 STRONGL 4.3 SA
Y AGREE Y AGREE
5. 4.7 STRONGL 3.9 AGREE 4.0 AGREE 4.2 SA
Y AGREE
III.
1. 4.0 AGREE 4.5 STRONG 3.9 AGREE 4.1 A
LY
AGREE
2. 4.6 STRONGL 4.3 STRONG 3.2 UNDECID 4.0 A
Y AGREE LY ED
AGREE
3. 4.0 AGREE 4.2 STRONG 4.0 AGREE 4.0 A
LY
AGREE
4. 4.3 STRONGL 4.2 STRONG 3.7 AGREE 4.0 A
Y AGREE LY
AGREE
5. 4.4 STRONGL 3.9 AGREE 4.0 AGREE 4.1 A
Y AGREE
6. 4.1 AGREE 4.2 STRONG 3.6 AGREE 4.0 A
LY
AGREE
7. 4.0 AGREE 4.2 STRONG 3.8 AGREE 4 A
LY
AGREE
IV.
1. 3.3 UNDECID 4.8 STRONG 3.6 AGREE 3.9 A
ED LY
AGREE
2. 4.1 AGREE 4.4 STRONG 2.0 UNDECID 3.5 A
LY ED
AGREE
3. 4.1 AGREE 4.0 AGREE 3.5 AGREE 3.8 A

19
 4. 4.7 STRONGL 3.6 AGREE 4.0 AGREE 4.1 A
Y AGREE
5. 3.6 AGREE 4.1 AGREE 4.0 AGREE 3.9 A
6. 3.3 UNDECID 4.3 STRONG 3.5 AGREE 3.7 A
ED LY
AGREE
7. 4.1 AGREE 3.5 AGREE 4.0 AGREE 3.9 A
8. 4.9 STRONGL 3.5 AGREE 5.0 STRONGL 4.4 SA
Y AGREE Y AGREE
9. 4.4 STRONGL 4.0 AGREE 4.6 STRONGL 4.3 SA
Y AGREE Y AGREE
V.
1. 4.0 AGREE 4.2 STRONG 3.2 UNDECID 3.8 A
LY ED
AGREE
2. 4.1 AGREE 3.1 UNDECI 3.1 UNDECID 3.5 A
DED ED
3. 3.3 UNDECID 4.0 AGREE 4.0 AGREE 3.7 A
ED
4. 3.4 UNDECID 3.9 AGREE 4.1 AGREE 3.8 A
ED
5. 4.7 STRONGL 4.1 AGREE 3.9 AGREE 4.2 SA
Y AGREE
6. 4.9 STRONGL 3.7 AGREE 4.0 AGREE 4.2 SA
Y AGREE
7. 4.0 AGREE 4.0 AGREE 4.2 STRONGL 4.0 A
Y AGREE
TOTA 4.1 STONGLY 4.0 AGREE 3.8 AGREE 4 A
L AGREE

The table shows that the total of general weighted average of higher, middle, and lower

class are all agreed when grouped according by socio economic status. In the statement no. 1.1,

1.3, 1.4, 2.1, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 4.8, 4.9, 5.5, 5.6, the results that they are all strongly agreed while in

statement no. 1.2, 1.3, 1.6, 1.7, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7,

5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.7 the results showed that they are all agreed.

20
Table 6. Effects of Social media to the life of Senior Citizens based on their Educational
Background
HIGH DV HIGH DV COLLE DV COLLEG GWA DV
SCHO SCHOOL GE E
OL GRADUA LEVEL GRADUA
LEVE TE TE
L
MEAN MEAN MEAN MEAN
I.
1. 4.3% SA 4.5% SA 3.3% U 3.7% A 4% A
2. 4.5% SA 4.4% SA 3.6% A 3.3% U 4% A
3. 4.5% SA 4.6% SA 3.4% A 4.7% SA 4.3% SA
4. 4.5% SA 4.2% SA 3.3% U 4.3% SA 4% A
5. 4.3% SA 3.0% U 3.9% A 2.3% DA 3.3% A
6. 3.8% A 4.0% A 3.3% U 3.7% A 3.7% A
7. 4.3% SA 3.8% A 3.7% A 3.3% U 3.8% A
II
.
1. 4.0% A 4.1% A 3.7% A 4.3% SA 4% A
2. 4.7% SA 4.3% SA 4.1% A 3.7% A 4.2% SA
3. 4.3% SA 3.9% A 4.1% A 4.0% A 4% A
4. 3.9% A 3.6% A 3.9% A 4.3% SA 3.9% A
5 5.0% SA 3.6% A 3.9% A 3.0% U 3.9% A
II
I.
1. 4.3% SA 4.2% SA 4.3% SA 4.7% SA 4.4% SA
2. 4.3% SA 4.5% SA 3.7% A 4.3% SA 4.5% SA
3. 3.9% A 4.3% SA 4.3% SA 4.3% SA 4.2% SA
4. 4.4% SA 4.1% A 4.3% SA 4.7% SA 4.4% SA
5 4.3% SA 3.9% A 4.3% SA 4.0% A 4.1% A
6. 4.0% A 4.1% A 4.3% SA 4.0% A 4.2% SA
7. 3.9% A 4.1% A 4.3% SA 3.7% A 4% A
I
V
.
1. 4.3% SA 3.4% A 4.4% SA 2.0% DA 3.5% A
2. 3.9% A 4.5% SA 3.8% A 4.7% SA 4.2% SA
3. 4.1% A 4.1% A 4.3% SA 3.3% U 4% A
4. 3.9% A 3.3% U 4.4% SA 3.0% U 3.7% A
5. 3.8% A 3.8% A 4.3% SA 4.0% A 4% A
6. 4.7% SA 4.3% SA 4.2% SA 4.0% A 4.3% SA
7. 2.7% U 3.6% A 4.0% A 3.7% A 3.5% A
8. 4.2% SA 3.5% A 4.1% A 3.7% A 3.9% A
9. 3.9% A 3.6% A 4.3% SA 3.7% A 3.9% A

21
 V
.
1. 3.7% A 4.4% SA 3.9% A 4.0% A 4% A
2. 3.7% A 4.0% A 3.9% A 4.0% A 3.9% A
3. 4.1% A 3.9% A 4.2% SA 3.7% A 3.8% A
4. 4.0% A 4.0% A 4.5% SA 4.0% A 4.1% A
5. 4.0% A 3.9% A 4.5% SA 4.7% SA 4.3% SA
6. 3.9% A 4.3% SA 4.5% SA 4.7% SA 4.4% SA
7. 4.2% SA 3.7% A 4.3% SA 4.3% SA 4.2% SA
T 4.1 A 4.O A 3.9 A 3.9 A 4 A
O
T
A
L

The table shows that the total of General weighted average of high school level, high school

graduate, college level and college graduate are all agreed when group according by educational

level. In the statement no. 1.3, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.6, 4.2, 4.6, 5.6, 5.7, the results showed they

are strongly agreed while in statement no. 1.1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 2.1, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 3.5, 3.7, 4.1,

4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, they all answered agree.

Table 7: COMPARISON BETWEEN ON THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA TO THE

SENIOR CITIZENS WHEN GROUPED ACCORDING BY GENDER

Df F ratio P value Decision

Between groups 3 1.20 0.33 Accepted ho
Within groups 50
total 53

The table shoes that the degree of freedom is 3, 50, and 53 with a F ratio of 1.20 and p
value of 0.33. the alpha value is greater than the alpha value which is 0.05 meaning that that the
result is stastically not significant. The hypothesis is accepted which stated that that there is no

22
significant difference in the indicators for The effects of social media to the life of senior citizens
when grouped according by socio economic status.

Table 8: : COMPARISON BETWEEN ON THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA TO

THE SENIOR CITIZENS WHEN GROUPED ACCORDING TO EDUCATIONAL
BACKGROUND

Df F ratio P value Decision

Between groups 3 1.77 0.34 Accepted ho
Within groups 50
total 53

The table shoes that the degree of freedom is 3, 50, and 53 with a F ratio of 1.77 and p
value of 0.34. the alpha value is greater than the alpha value which is 0.05 meaning that that the
result is stastically not significant. The hypothesis is accepted which stated that that there is no
significant difference in the indicators for The effects of social media to the life of senior citizens
when grouped according by socio economic status.

Table 9: COMPARISON BETWEEN ON THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA TO THE

SENIOR CITIZENS WHEN GROUPED ACCORDING BY SOCIO ECONOMIC
STATUS

Df F ratio P value Decision

Between groups 2 0.94 0.51 Accepted ho
Within groups 50
total 52

The table shoes that the degree of freedom is 2, 50, and 52 with a F ratio of 0.94 and p
value of 0.51. the alpha value is greater than the alpha value which is 0.05 meaning that that the

23
result is statistically not significant. The hypothesis is accepted which stated that that there is no
significant difference in the indicators for The effects of social media to the life of senior citizens
when grouped according by socio economic status.

24
 CHARTER 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMENDATION

This chapter shows the summary of findings the conclusions being formulated and

recommendations presented based on the results of the research work.

SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS

 Facebook is the most popular social media outlet for seniors.

 The result shows that both male and female of the senior citizens agreed that they use

social media to raise awareness, feel the sense of belongingness and to contact and connect

their family and friends and also for their entertainment. It shows that that both male and

female experienced the positive and negative effects of social media in their health.

 According to all profile variables, the results showed that both male and female

experienced the positive and negative effects of social media in their health.

 Based from the result, it shows that both male and female experience the positive and

negative effects of social media. They feel more happy and boost their self-esteem when

they engage in social media and also they experience the negative effects of social media

like they experience headaches and eye problems and also result showed that social media

is also a time consuming according to them.

CONCLUSION

Based on the findings of the study the following conclusions were drawn.

 Facebook is the most popular social media outlet for seniors.

25
  Both male and female of the senior citizens use the social media to raise awareness, feel

the sense of belongings and to contact and connect their family and friends and also for

their entertainment.

 The results showed that both male and female experienced the positive and negative

effects of social media in their health.

 They feel more happy and boost their self-esteem when they engage in social media and

also they experience the negative effects of social media like they experience headaches

and eye problems and also result showed that social media is also a time consuming

according to them.

RECOMMENDATION

The researcher recommend the following to guide the senior citizens by using technology:

 For the senior citizens- they should limit their self on using social media to avoid radiation

from the devices that causes eye problems and health problems.

 Protect information. They should take care not to reveal any of their personal data in their

use of social media.

 They should also need and ask for help or assistant to their family/ relatives and friends

when something they do not understand when using their social media.

 For their family/relatives and friends – they should teach and guide their grandparents

on using social media.

26
REFFERENCES

Antonucci, T. (2011)

(https://academic.oup.com/psychsocgerontology/article/60/6/S311/813188, Journals of

Gerontolog, Social Networks Among Men and Women: The Effects of Age and Socioeconomic

Status)

Fraser, S. (2015) http://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/article/viewFile/5789/5605, Journal of

European Scientific, SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL IMPACTS OF INTERNET USE ON

OLDER ADULTS)

Joo , T. (2017) (https://waset.org/publications/10007039/l Journal of Humanities and

Social Sciences,Analyzing-the-usage-of-Social-Media-a-Study-on-Elderly-in-Malaysia)

Lee, K. (2015),(https://www.comfortkeepers.com/home/info-center/aging-in-

place/seniors-and-the-positive-impact-of-social-media, Journal of Comfort Keepers, Seniors and

the Positive Impact of Social Media)

Leist A. (2013) (https://www.karger.com/article/fulltext/346818, Journal of Gerontology,

Social Media Use of Older Adults: A Mini-Review)

Madden M. (2010) (http://www.pewinternet.org/2010/08/27/older-adults-and-social-

media/, Journal of Pew Research Center Internet & Technology, Older Adults and Social Media)

Oghazi, P. (2016) (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/mar.20949, Journal of

Wiley Online Library, Factors for Elderly Use of Social Media for Health‐Related Activities)

25

27
 Subramanyam, V. (2015) (http://www.jiag.org/jiagpdf/7_70_77, Journal of The Indian

Academy of Geriatrics, A Study on Knowledge and Utilization of Social Media in Elderly

People in Whitefield, Bangalore)

Poppen, S. (2013)

(https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/e45d/782b985c3b72a4c4174e29da0da0760b9675.pdf, Social

media, social capital, and seniors: The impact of Facebook on bonding and bridging social

capital of individuals over 65.)

Wadley, J. (2017) (https://record.umich.edu/articles/social-media-buffers-depression-

among-older-adults-pain, journal of The university Record, Social media buffers depression

among older adults with pain)

Wilson et al. (2010)

(https://aut.researchgateway.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10292/8158/acis20140_submission_157.pdf?

sequence=1&isAllowed=y, Journal of Australasian Conference on Information Systems, Social

Media Use and Senior Citizen’s Life Satisfaction

28
 QUESTIONNAIRE

Instruction: Check the box that corresponds to your answer.

I. Demographic Data:

NAME: _________________________________________ SEX: MALE FEMALE

EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS: HIGH SCHOOL LEVEL COLLEGE GRADUATE

HIGH HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATE BACHELOR’S DEGREE

COLLEGE LEVEL DOCTORATE DEGREE

SOCIO ECONOMIC STATUS: UPPER CLASS

MIDDLE CLASS

LOWER CLASS

II-A.

1. What social networking sites do you use?

FACEBOOK
SNAPCHAT
INSTAGRAM
TWITTER
PINTEREST
TUMBLR

OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY)

2. HOW MANY HOURS A DAY DO YOU SPEND ON THESE SITES?

1-2 HOURS
3-4 HOURS
4-6 HOURS
6+ HOURS

OTHER (PLEASE SPECIFY)

29
II-B. CHECK THE COLUMN THAT CORRESPONDS TO YOUR ANSWER BASED ON YOUR AGREEMENT AND
DISAGREEMENT ON THE STATEMENTS GIVEN WHETHER 1- STRONGLY DISAGREE, 2- DISAGREE, 3-
UNDECIDED, 4- AGREE, 5- STRONGLY AGREE.

1 2 3 4 5

I.WHY DO YOU USE THESE SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES?

1.KEEP UP WITH NEWS/GOSSIP/TRENDS
2. TO FEEL SENSE OF BELONGING
3. CONTACT AND CONNECT WITH FRIENDS/FAMILY
4. INTERACT WITH NEW PEOPLE
5. ORGANISE EVENTS
6. SHARING/LIKING POSTS
7.RAISE AWARENESS
II. WHAT ARE PERSONAL BENEFITS OF USING SOCIAL MEDIA?
1. STAYING CONNECTED WITH PEOPLE
2. LEARN NEW SKILLS
3. ENTERTAINMENT
4. SHARING COMMON INTEREST
5. DIGITAL REPUTATION
III. WHAT DO YOU BELIEVE ARE THE DISADVANTAGES OF USING SOCIAL
NETWORKING SITES?
1. CYBER BULLYING
2. HEADACHES- EYE PROBLEMS
3. LESS SOCIAL INTERACTION
4. TIME CONSUMING
5. SEXTING
6. UNREALISTIC EXPECTATIONS
7. NEGATIVE FEELINGS/ EMOTIONS
IV.What EMOTIONS DO YOU EXPERIENCE WHEN USING SOCIAL NETWORKING
SITES?
1.REJECTION
2.HAPPINESS
3.BOOST SELF ESTEEM
4.JEALOUSY
5.MOTIVATION
6.INSPIRATION
7.FEAR OF MISSING OUT
8.LOWER SELF ESTEEM
9.SENSE OF BELONGING
V. HOW DO THESE EMOTIONS IMPACT ON YOUR OVERALL WELLBEING?
1. IT AFFECTS MY ABILITY TO RELATE WITH OTHERS
2. GIVES A POSITIVE OUTLOOK
3. HEIGHTENS MY ANXIETY
4. GIVES ME A CONFIDENCE BOOST
5. GIVES ME A FEELING OF SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL ISOLATION

30
6. INSPIRATIONAL AND MOTIVATING
7. FEELS LIKE MY EMOTIONS ARE CONTROLLING MY THOUGHTS
8. FEELS LIKE MY EMOTIONS ARE CONTROLLING MY THOUGHTS

31