Analysis of Road Traffic Fatal Accidents

Using
Data Mining Techniques
Qazi Huzaifa Nasir, Moiz Uddin Arif
Department of Computer Science
University of Karachi

Abstract—Road safety is one of the issue space and alright how many people died today

people faces in the world and many becomes yeah okay may be thirteen right let’s move on
fatal accident, some people’s life completely the sport page that typically our reaction but if
changes and they cannot live like a normal you just pause for a moment and think how
person. With the evolve in technology these tragic for each family typically they are younger

fatal accidents can minimize by observing and who are prime of their life and taking care of the
studying it. We can study useful data by family suddenly one fine they are gone either

extracting it from the large data set by data they have permanent disabled .Road accident is
mining techniques in which different like disease eg: you know the aid is disease it is a

algorithms and techniques are used. product of bad life style loose livelihood ,syphilis
is like that, DB is like that even chicken pox ,if
Key words—fatal accidents, association,
someone sitting with chickenpox ,chicken pox will
Data mining, clustering, Apriori algorithm.
spreads to the other and motor way accident is a
I. INTRODUCTION disease but Why? Because it has a etiology which
means it has a cause ,a definite course ,
Your friend and the people that have you care
complications , prevention and treatment.
about this is the typical newspaper that we read
everyday morning so and so died from the car or II. RELATED WORKS
road accident people getting killed by slamming
I can say that 90% of the road accident can be
into a pose and bus running over a women
prevented and i will show you the logic behind
things like that now for us we are rushing in the
that ,so here is the logic all of us know the
morning for work and we just glance at the
people who have driven through these horrible picture of the bus accident and the man taken to

roads and bad traffic conditions for decades the hospital So, what is the name of energy that
thirty years or forty years and never had a caused damage the bus and that caused all these
scratch on their car and their body they are not injuries .Yes ,you are thinking right this is the

clever ,they are not more educated ,they are not kinetic energy So, What is the formula for kinetic
necessarily more intelligent no there are energy.
something that separates them from the rest
K.E =1/2 MV^2 (M=mass ,V=velocity)
and this article will give you some of that what is

that the some people possess it is not definitely
higher education because education is far away
from the accident .So question is why do
accident happen I would say that accident is like
clapping it takes two hands to clap .For those
Let, point out the squared part which is the most
important part. Square has a special meaning I
will show you .Lets look a problem

who might argue for bad roads and bad law and
enforcement ,i wIll say that is only one hand the

other hand is this the human error .Human error

can be translated as poor judgement, lack of

training and basically human stupidity . Every day

you also see the human stupid behavior on the

road .If you have bad road and you eliminate the Now this numerical is our baseline. Now I am

human stupidity the accident will not have going to increase bike speed from 30 to 60

happen. km/h(double speed). What will happen to the

KE?
Who is the vulnerable road user?

Mostly two type of user first is pedestrian and

other is two wheeler .90% accident occurred by

two these categories every year.

III. METHODOLOGY
The KE energy increases 4 times if you do speed
By physics and biology how the accident occurs
double (40,000 j).
and how to prevent from road accident:

Remember if you increase speed double the KE

Question to the viewer here you can see the
will becomes fourth times increase.
Suppose one egg is fallen from 1 st floor to the
concrete surface the egg will be broken but why?
Because the KE gets transferred into a single
point that why egg will be broken.
If we do this experiment instead of concrete wall
with hand the egg will not be broken because
the KE will distributed among the all hand.
This above experiment represent the bike
accident.
Suppose egg show the context of human head
and hand represents helmet ,head has a
spherical shape if you apply head on a hard
surface the point of contact is very small that is
why if you slip on this hard surface you must just
die
Because it a small force but penetrates a tiny
area. If you wears helmet and fall on the hard
surface but the force gets divided into the inner
surface of the helmet if it is hundred square
centimeters yes it force divided by hundred so
my brain will take 100 hits as opposed to falling
without helmet.
Algorithm for road accident prediction or
detection:
We can mining of road accident data using k-
mean Clustering and apriori algorithm.
Kmeans Algorithm
The algorithm is composed of the following
steps: It randomly chooses K points from the
data set. Then it assigns each point to the group
with closest centroid. It again recalculates the
centroids. Assign each point to closest centroid.
The process repeats until there is no change in
the position of centroids.
Apriori Algorithm
Apriori involves frequent item-sets, which is a set
of items appearing together in the given number
of database records meeting the user-specified
threshold. Apriori uses a bottom-up search
method that creates every single frequent item-
set. This means that to produce a frequent item-
set of length; it must produce all of its subsets as
need to be frequent.
There is the input data for the road accident
mining .
After this data we apply Apriori Rule Generation.
According to the research there are some record

of accident or fatal accidents in Pakistan.

Here MIN SUPPORT =56% and you can see that

in table 2 if support is less than 56% so that

support will be discard by the frequent item-set

table. Same procedure for table 4 and 5. In table

6 we apply Association rule for taken confidence

value.

Now this is the flow chart which makes CONCLUSION

understand easy for the reader. Here K=no. of
It is observed and concluded that countless
cluster or group.
accidents are not mishaps by any methods.
They are conflicts that may and more likely than
not been avoided. There are numerous
composes and reasons for these accidents. In
any case, the vast majority of fatal accidents
happen because of impulsiveness and heedless
conduct of drivers. The consequences of this
examination demonstrate that Punjab had most
extreme and Baluchistan had least proportion
of auto collisions from year 2000 to 2010 when
contrasted with different territories of Pakistan.
Moreover, in Sindh deadly mischance were
more prominent than non-lethal accidents. In
Punjab, people executed in car crashes were far
over the ground when contrasted with different
regions. Results additionally demonstrate that
aggregate mischances were predictable in year
2005-06 and Punjab indicates most reliable
outcomes among all regions. Along these lines,
it can likewise be said that expansion in number
of vehicles is additionally a reason for
expanding auto collisions.

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