Alternating Current

Page # 226 ALTERNATING CURRENT
Exercise - I OBJECTIVE PROBLEMS (JEE MAIN)

1. An alternating current changes from a com- 4. If instantaneous value of current is
plete cycle in 1s, then the frequency in Hz will I = 10 sin (314 t) A,
be – then the average current for the half cycle will
(A) 10-6 (B) 50 be –
(C) 100 (D) 106 (A) 10 A (B) 7.07 A
Sol. (C) 6.37 A (D) 3.53 A
Sol.
2. An ac circuit, the current is given by 5. In a circuit an a.c. current and a d, c. current

i = 4 sin (100t + 30º) ampere. The current be- are supplied together. The expression of the in-
comes maximum first time (after t = 0) at t equal stantaneous current is given as
to – i = 3 + 6 sin t
(A) (1/200) sec (B) (1/300) sec Then the rms value of the current is –
(C) (1/50) sec (D) None of the above
(A) 3 (B) 6 (C) 3 2 (D) 3 3
Sol.
Sol.
6. The emf and the current in a circuit are –

E = 12 sin (100t) ; = 4 sin (100t + / 3)
3. The instantaneous value of current in an ac then–
circuit is  = 2 sin (100t + /3) A. The current at (A) The current leads the emf by 60º
the beginning (t = 0) will be – (B) The current lags the emf by 60º
(C) The emf leads the current by 60º
(A) 2 3 A (B) 3 A (D) The phase difference between the current
and the emf is zero
3 Sol.
(C) A (D) Zero
2
Sol.
7.If the frequency of alternating potential is 50Hz

then the direction of potential, changes in one
second by –
(A) 50 times (B) 100 times
(C) 200 times (D) 500 times
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ALTERNATING CURRENT Page # 227
Sol. 11. Sinusoidal peak potential is 200 volt with

frequency 50Hz. It is represented by the equa-
tion –
(A) E = 200 sin 50t
(B) E = 200 sin 314t
(C) E = 200 2 sin 50t
(D) E =200 2 sin 314t
Sol.
8.The value of alternating e.m.f. is e = 500 sin
100t , then the frequency of this potential in Hz
is –
(A) 25 (B) 50 (C) 75 (D) 100
Sol.
12. RMS value of ac i = i1 cos t + i2 sin t will

be –
9. The domestic power supply is at 220 volt. The 1 1
amplitude of emf will be – (A) (i1  i2 ) (B) (i1  i2 )2
(A) 220 V (B) 110 V
2 2
(C) 311 V (D) None of this 1 2 2 1/2 1 2 2 1/2
Sol. (C) (i  i ) (D) (i  i )
2 1 2 2 1 2
Sol.
10. The average value or alternating current for

half cycle in terms of I0 is
2io io io
(A) (B) (C) (D) 0
  2
Sol.
13. The phase di ffer ence betw een the

alternating current and voltage represented
by the fol lowing equati on  =  0 si n t,
E = E0 cos (t +  / 3), will be –
 4  5
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 3 2 6
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Sol. 16. A coil of inductance 0.1 H is connected to

an alternating voltage generator of voltage E =
100 sin (100t) volt. The current flowing through
the coil will be –
(A)  = 10 2 sin (100t) A
(B)  = 10 2 cos (100t) A
(C)  = – 10 sin (100t) A
(D)  = – 10 cos (100t) A
Sol.
14.The inductive reactance of a coil is 1000. If

its self inductance and frequency both are in-
creased two times then inductive reactance will
be –
(A) 1000 (B) 2000
(C) 4000 (D) 16000
Sol.
17. Alternating current lead the applied e.m.f. by

/2 when the circuit consists of –
(A) only resistance
(B) only capacitor
(C) only an inductance coil
(D) capacitor and resistance both
Sol.
15.n an L.C.R series circuit R = 1, XL = 1000

and XC = 1000. A source of 100 m.volt is con-
nected in the circuit the current in the circuit is
(A) 100 m.Amp (B) 1 .Amp
(C) 0.1 .Amp (D) 10 .Amp
Sol.
18.A coil has reactance of 100 when frequency

is 50Hz. If the frequency becomes 150Hz, then
the reactance will be –
(A) 100 (B) 300
(C) 450 (D) 600
Sol. 21. The percentage increase in the impedance

of an ac circuit, when its power factor changes
form 0.866 to 0.5 is (Resistance constant) –
(A) 73.2% (B) 86.6%
(C) 90.8% (D) 66.6%
Sol.
19. A resistance of 50, an inductance of 20/

henry and a capacitor of 5/F are connected in
series with an A.C. source of 230 volt and 50Hz. 22.n a series resonant L–C–R circuit, if L is in-
The impedance of circuit is – creased by 25% and C is decreased by 20%,
(A) 5 (B) 50 then the resonant frequency will –
(C) 5K (D) 500 (A) Increase by 10%
Sol. (B) Decrease by 10%
(C) Remain unchanged
(D) Increase by 2.5%
Sol.
20. The potential difference between the ends

of a resistance R is VR between the ends of ca-
pacitor is VC = 2VR and between the ends of 23. Which of the following statements is correct
inductance is VL = 3VR, then the alternating po- for L–C–R series combination in the condition of
tential of the source in terms of VR will be – resonance –
(A) Resistance is zero
(A) 2 VR (B) VR
(B) Impedance is zero
(C) VR/ 2 (D) 5VR (C) Reactance is zero
(D) Resistance, impedance and reactance all are
Sol.
zero
Sol.

24. An ac circuit resonates at a frequency of 10 27. n an A.C. circuit, a resistance of 3, an

kHz. If its frequency is increased to 11 kHz, then: inductance coil of 4and a condenser of 8are
(A) Impedance will increase by 1.1 times connected in series with an A.C. source of 50
(B) Impedance will remain remain unchanged volt (R.M.S.). The average power loss in the cir-
(C) Impedance will increase and become induc- cuit will be
tive (A) 600 watt (B) 500 watt
(D) Impedance will increase and become capaci- (C) 400 watt (D) 300 watt
tive Sol.
Sol.
28.Two bulbs of 500 watt and 300 watt work on

25.n an ac circuit emf and current are E = 5 cos 200 volt r.m.s. the ratio of their resistances will
t volt and = 2 sin t ampere respectively. The be –
average power dissipated in this circuit will be – (A) 25 : 9 (B) 3 : 5
(A) 10 W (B) 2.5 W (C) 9 : 25 (D) 5 : 9
(C) 5 W (D) Zero Sol.
Sol.
29. Three bulbs of 40, 60 and 100 watt are con-

nected in series with the source of 200 volt. Then
26. A choke coil of negligible resistance carries 5 which of the bult will be glowing the most –
mA current when it is operated at 220 V. The loss (A) 100 watt
of power in the choke coil is – (B) 60 watt
(A) Zero (B) 11 W (C) 40 watt
(C) 44 × 103 W (D) 1.1 W (D) All are glowing equally
Sol. Sol.
30. Alternating current can not be measured by Sol.

direct current meters, because –
(A) alternating current can not pass through an
ammeter
(B) the average value of current for complete
cycle is zero
(C) some amount of alternating current is de-
stroyed in the ammeter. 34. The power in ac circuit is given by P = Erms Irms
(D) None of these cos .The value of cos in series LCR circuit at
Sol. resonance is
(A) zero (B) 1
1 1
(C) (D)
2 2
Sol.
31. In LR circuit the a.c. source has voltage 220
V. I f the potenti al di fference a cr oss the
inductance is 176 volts, the p.d. across the
resistance will be :
(A) 44 V (B) 396 V
(C) 132 V (D) ( 250  176 ) V
Sol.
35. In ac circuit when ac ammeter is connected
it reads i current if a student uses dc ammeter in
place of ac ammeter the reading in the dc ammeter
will be :
i
(A) (B) 2 i
2
(C) 0.637 i (D) Zero
1 1 Sol.
32. If the power factor changes from to
2 4
then what is the increase in impedance in AC ?
(A) 20% (B) 50%
(C) 25% (D) 100%
Sol.
36. An AC current is given by I = I0 + I1 sin wt

then its rms value will be
(A) I 20  0.5 I 12 (B) I 20  0.5 I 20
(C) 0 (D) I 0 / 2
33. In the circuit, as shown in the figure, if the Sol.
value of R.M.S. current is 2.2 ampere, the power
factor of the box is
C
1/  Henry Box
= 220volt,   100 s –1
Vrms
1 3 1
(A) (B) 1 (C) (D)
2 2 2

Exercise - II
1. In an a.c. circuit voltage V and current i are 4. The rms value of an AC of 50 Hz is 10 amp.
given by The time taken by an alternating current in
V = 100 sin 100 t volts reaching from zero to maximum value and the
i = 100 sin (100t + /3) mA. peak value will be ;
The power dissipated in the circuit is : (A) 2 × 10–2 sec and 14.14 amp.
(A) 104 W (B) 10 W (B) 1 × 10–2 sec and 7.07 amp.
(C) 2.5 W (D) 5 W (C) 5 × 10–3 sec and 7.07 amp.
Sol. (D) 5 × 10–3 sec and 14.14 amp.
Sol.
2. The potential difference V and current i flowing

through an a.c. circuit are given by V = 5 cos t
volt, i = 2 sin t amp. the power dissipated in the
circuit.
(A) 0 W (B) 10 W
(C) 5 W (D) 2.5 W 5. A voltage of peak value 283 V varying
Sol. frequency is applied to a series L-C-R combination
in which R = 3; L = 25 mH and C = 400 F. Then,
the frequency (in Hz) of the source at which
maximum power is dissipated in the above, is
(A) 51.5 (B) 50.7 (C) 51.1 (D) 50.3
Sol.
3. An a.c. circuit consists of an inductor of

inductances 0.5 H and a capacitor of capacitance
8 F in series. The current in the circuit is maximum
when the angular frequency of an a.c. source is
(A) 500 Hz (B) 2 × 105 Hz
(C) 4000 Hz (D) 5000 Hz
Sol.
6. The power factor of the circuit is 1/ 2 .

The capacitance of the circuit is equal to
2 sin (100 t)
10 0.1 H
C
(A) 400 F (B) 300 F
(C) 500 F (D) 200 F
Sol. 9. An inductive circuit contains resistance of 10

 and an inductance of 2.0 H. If an AC voltage
of 120 V and frequency 60 Hz is applied to this
circuit, the current would be nearly :
(A) 0.8 A (B) 0.48 A
(C) 0.16 A (D) 0.32 A
Sol.
7. An ac-circuit having supply voltage E consists

of a resistor of resistance 3 and an inductor of
reactance 4 as shown in the figure. The voltage
across the inductor at t = / is
R XL
I
10. In the circuit shown if the emf of source at
an instant is 5V, the potential difference across
E  10 sint capacitor at the same instant is 4V. The potential
(A) 2 volts (B) 10 volts difference across R at that instant may be
(C) zero (D) 4.8 volts C R
Sol.
(A) 3V (B) 9V
3
(C) v (D) none
2
Sol.
8. When 100 V DC is applied across a solenoid a

current of 1A flows in it. When 100 V AC is applied
across the same coil, the current drops to 0.5 A.
If the frequency of the AC source is 50 Hz, the
impedance and inductance of the solenoid are :
(A) 100 , 0.93 H (B) 200, 1.0 H
(C) 10, 0.86 H (D) 200, 0.55 H
Sol.
11. Let f = 50 Hz, and C = 100 F in an AC circuit

containing a capacitor only. If the peak value of
the current in the circuit is 1.57 A at t = 0. The
expression for the instantaneous voltage across
the capacitor will be
(A) E = 50 sin (100 t – /2)
(B) E = 100 sin (50 t)
(C) E = 50 sin 100 t
(D) E = 50 sin (100 t + /2)

Sol. 13. The phase difference between current and

voltage in an AC circuit is /4 radian. If the
frequency of AC is 50 Hz, then the phase
difference is equivalent to the time difference :
(A) 0.78 s (B) 15.7 ms (C) 0.25 s (D) 2.5 ms
Sol.
12. In a series CR circuit shown in figure, the

applied voltage is 10 V and the voltage across
capacitor is found to be 8V. Then the voltage
across R, and the phase difference between 14. The given figure represents the phasor diagram
current and the applied voltage will respectively of a series LCR circuit connected to an ac source.
be
8V VR At the instant t’ when the source voltage is given
by V = V0cost, the current in the circuit will be
C R
VOL = 3V
VOR  3 V
VOL = 2V
10V VOL
 4  3 VOR
(A) 6V, tan–1  
 3 (B) 3V, tan–1  
4
 5
(C) 6V, tan–1   (D) none
3
Sol. V
(A) I = I0 cos(t + /6)
(B) I = I0 cos(t – /6)
(C) I = I0 cos(t + /3)
(D) I = I0 cos(t – /3)
Sol.
15. Power factor of an L-R series circuit is 0.6 17. The effective value of current i = 2 sin 100 t
and that of a C–R series circuit is 0.5. If the + 2 sin (100t + 30º) is
element (L, C, and R) of the two circuits are
joined in series the power factor of this circuit is (A) 2 A (B) 2 2  3 (C) 4 (D) None
found to be 1. The ratio of the resistance in the Sol.
L-R circuit to the resistance in the C-R circuit is
4 3 3
(A) 6/5 (B) 5/6 (C) (D)
3 3 4
Sol.
 0.4 
18. In an L-R circuit, the value of L is   henry
  
16. The direct current which Would give the same
heating effect in an equal constant resistance and the value R is 30 ohm. If in the circuit, an
as the current shown in figure, i.e. the r.m.s. alternating emf of 200 V rms value at 50 cycles
current, is per second is connected, the impedance of the
circuit and current will be
Current/A (A) 11.4 ohm, 17.5 ampere
2 (B) 30.7 ohm, 6.5 ampere
1 (C) 40.4 ohm, 5 ampere
0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 (D) 50 ohm, 4 ampere.
Time/s
–1 Sol.
–2
(A) zero (B) 2 A (C) 2A (D) 2 2 A

Sol.

19. If I1, I2, I3 and I4 are the respective r.m.s. 21. The current I, potential difference VL across
values of the time varying currents as shown in the inductor and potential difference VC across
the four cases I, II, III and IV. Then identify the the capacitor in circuit as shown in the figure are
correct relations. best represented vectorially as
L C
i i
I0 I0 VL VC
O t O t
–I0
VC
VC
i i
I0 I0 (A) I (B)
I
O t O t VL
VL
–I0 –I0
VL VL
(A) I1 = I2 = I3 = I4 (B) I3 > I1 = I2 > I4
(C) I3 > I4 > I2 = I1 (D) I3 > I2 > I1 > I4 (C) I (D) I
Sol.
VC VC
Sol.
20. In series LR circuit XL = 3R. Now a capacitor 22. A series LCR circuit is tuned to resonance.
with XC = R is added in series. Ratio of new to old The impedance of the circuit now is
power factor is 2 1/ 2 2 1/ 2
  1     1  
1 2 2 2
(A) R   L –   (B) R  (L )    
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) (D) 2  C    C  
2  
1/ 2
Sol.  2
2  1  
(C)  R   – L   (D) R
  C  

Sol.
23. A capacitor C = 2F and an inductor with L = Sol.

10 H and coil resistance 5  are in series in a
circuit. When an alternating current of r.m.s. value
2 A flows in the circuit, the average power in watts
in the circuit is
(A) 100 (B) 50 (C) 20 (D) 10
Sol.
passage (Q.24 - Q.26)

A student in a lab took a coil and connected it to 26. Which of the following graph roughly matches
a 12 V DC source. He measures the steady state the variations of current in the circuit (with the
current in the circuit to be 4A. He then replaced coil and capacitor connected in the series) when
the 12 V DC source by a 12 V, ( = 50 rad/s) AC the angular frequency is decreased from 50 rad/s
source and observes that the reading in the AC to 25 rad/s ?
ammeter is 2.4 A. He then decides to connect a
i i
2500 F capacitor in series with the coil and cal-
culate the average power developed in the cir-
cuit. Further he also decides to study the varia-
tion in current in the circuit (with the capacitor
and the battery in series). (A) (B)
Based on the readings taken by the student an-
swer the following questions. 
25 50 
25 50
24. The value of resistance of the coil calculated
by the student is i
i
(A) 3 (B) 4  (C) 5  (D) 8
Sol.
(C) (D)
 
25 50 25 50
Sol.
25. The power developed in the circuit when the

capacitor of 2500 F is connected in series with
the coil is
(A) 28.8 W (B) 23.04 W
(C) 17.28 W (D) 9.6 W

Exercise - III (JEE ADVANCED)
1. If a direct current of value 'a' ampere is super- 3. A circuit has a coil of resistance 50 ohms and
imposed on an alternating current I = b sin t
3
flowing through a wire, what is the effective (rms) inductance henry. It is connected in series
value of the resulting current in the circuit ? 
40
dc with a condenser of  F and AC supply volt-

i age of 200 V and 50 cycles/sec. Calculate
a ac
i + b (i) the impedance of the circuit.
(0,0) (ii) the p.d. across inductance coil and condenser.
(0,0) t Sol.
t
Sol.
4. A series circuit consists of a resistance, in-

ductance and capacitance. The applied voltage
2. Find the average for the saw-tooth voltage of
peak value V0 from t = 0 to t = 2T as shown in and the current at any instant are given by
figure. E = 141.4 cos (5000 t – 10°) and I = 5 cos (5000
+V0 t – 370°) The inductance is 0.01 henry. Calcu-
late the value of capacitance and resistance.
Sol.
+ +
V 2T
0 T T 3 t
– – T
2 2
–V0
Sol.
5. A circuit takes A current of 3 a at a power 7. A charged ring of mass m = 50 gm, charge 2

factor of 0.6 lagging when connected to a coulomb and radius R = 2m is placed on a smooth
115 V – 50 Hz supply. Another circuit takes a horizontal surface. A magnetic field varying with
current of 5A at a power factor of 0.07 leading time at a rate of (0.2 t) Tesla/sec is applied on
when connected to the same supply. If the two to the ring in a direction normal to the surface of
circuits are connected in series across a 230 V, ring. Find the angular speed attained in a time
50 Hz supply. Calculate t1 = 10 sec.
(a) the current Sol.
(b) the power consumed and
(c) the power factor.
Sol.
8. A capacitor C with a charge Q0 is connected

across an inductor through a switch S. If at t =
0, the switch is closed, then find the instantaneous
6. In a L-R decay circuit, the initial current at t = charge q on the upper plate of capacitor.
0 is I. Find the total charge that has flown through
the resistor till the energy in the inductor has ++
reduced to one-fourth its initial value. Q0 C
L
Sol.
Sol. S

9. A coil of resistance 300  and inductance 1.0 12. When 100 volt D.C. is applied across a coil, a
henry is connected across an alternating voltage current of one ampere flows through it, when
of frequency 300/2 Hz. Calculate the phase 100 V ac of 50 Hz is applied to the same coil,
difference between the voltage and current in only 0.5 amp flows. Calculate the resistance and
the circuit. inductance of the coil.
Sol. Sol.
10. Find the value of an inductance which should

be connected in series with a capacitor of 5 F, a
resistance of 10 and an ac source of 50 Hz
so that the power factor of the circuit is unity.
Sol. 13. A 50 W, 100 V lamp is to be connected to an
ac mains of 200 V, 50 Hz. What capacitance is
essential to be put in series with the lamp.
Sol.
11. In an L-R series A. C circuit the potential

difference across an inductance and resistance
joined in series are respectively 12 V and 16 V.
Find the total potential difference across the
circuit.
Sol.
1. Consider the circuit shown in figure. The 4. An LCR series circuit with 100 resistance is
oscillating source of emf deliver a sinusoidal emf connected to an ac source of 200 V and angular
of amplitude emax and frequency  to the inductor frequency 300 rad/s. When only the capacitance
L and two capacitors C1 to C2. Find the maximum is removed, the current lags behind the voltage
instantaneous current in each capacitor. by 60°. When only the inductance is removed,
the current leads the voltage by 60°. Calculate
~ the current and the power dissipated in the LCR

circuit.
C1 C2 L
5. A box P and a coil Q are connected in series

with an ac source of variable frequency. The emf
2. Suppose the emf of the battery, the circuit of source at 10 V. Box P contains a capacitance
shown varies with time t so the current is given by of 1 F in series with a resistance of 32 coil Q
i(t) = 3 + 5t, where i is in amperes & t is in seconds. has a self-inductance 4.9 mH and a resistance of
Take R = 4, L = 6H & find an expression for the 68 series. The frequency is adjusted so that
battery emf as function of time. the maximum current flows in P and Q. Find the
R i(t) impedance of P and Q at this frequency. Also find
the voltage across P and Q respectively.
 L
6. A series LCR circuit containing a resistance of

120 has angular resonance frequency 4 × 105
3. A current of 4 A flows in a coil when connected
red s –1. At resonance the voltages across
to a 12 V dc source. If the same coil is connected
resistance and inductance are 60 V and 40 V
to a 12V, 50 rad/s ac source a current of 2.4 A
respectively. Find the values of L and C. At what
flows in the circuit. Determine the inductance of
frequency the current in the circuit lags the
the coil. Also find the power developed in the
voltage by 45° ?
circuit if a 2500 F capacitor is connected in series
with the coil.

Exercise - IV PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS
LEVEL - I JEE MAIN

1. The power factor of an AC circuit having Sol.
resistance R and inductance L (connected in
series) and an angular velocity  is (AIEEE 2002)
R R
(A) (B)
L ( R   2 L2 )1/ 2
2
L R
(C) (D)
R ( R   2 L2 )1/ 2
2
Sol.
5. In an LCR circuit, capacitance is changed from
C to 2C. For the resonant frequency to remain
unchanged, the inductance should be changed
from L to (AIEEE 2004)
(A) 4L (B) 2L (C) L/2 (D) L/4
Sol.
2. In a transformer, number of turns in the primary

are 140 and that in the secondary are 280. If
current in primary is 4 A, then that in the
secondary is (AIEEE 2002)
(A) 4 A (B) 2 A (C) 6 A (D) 10 A
Sol.
6. A coil of inductance 300 mH and resistance

2  is connected to a source of voltage 2 V.
The current reaches half of its steady state value
in (AIEEE 2005)
(A) 0.05 s (B) 0.1 s
(C) 0.15 s (D) 0.3 s
Sol.
3. Alternating current can not be measured by
DC ammeter because (AIEEE 2004)
(A) AC cannot pass though DC ammeter
(B) AC changes direction
(C) average value of current for complete
cycle is zero
(D) DC ammeter will get damaged
Sol.
4. In an LCR series AC circuit, the voltage across 7. The self-inductance of the motor of an electric
each of the components. L, C and R is 50 V. The fan is 10 H. In order to impart maximum power at
voltage across the LC combination will be 50 Hz, it should be connected to a capacitance
(AIEEE 2004) of (AIEEE 2005)
(A) 50 V (B) (A) 4 F (B) 8 F (C) 1 F (D) 2 F
50 2V (C) 100 V (D) zero
Sol. Sol.
8. A circuit has a resistance of 12  and an

impedance of 15  . The power factor of the
11.In a series resonant LCR circuit, the voltage
circuit will be (AIEEE 2005)
(A) 0.8 (B) 0.4 (C) 1.25 (D) 0.125 across R is 100 V and R  1k with C  2 F.
Sol. The resonant frequency  is 200 rad/s. At
resonance the voltage across L is (AIEEE 2006)
(A) 2.5 × 10–2 V (B) 40 V
(C) 250 V (D) 4 × 10–3 V
Sol.
9. The phase difference between the alternating

current and emf is  / 2. Which of the following
cannot be the constituent of the circuit ?
(AIEEE 2005)
(A) C alone (B) R, L (C) L, C (D) L alone
Sol.
12.In an AC circuit the voltage applied is

E  E0 sin t . The resulting current in the circuit
 
is I  I 0 sin  t   . The power consumption in
 2
the circuit is given by. (AIEEE 2007)
10.An inductor (L = 100 mH), a resistor
(R  100 ) and a battery (E = 100 V) are initially E0 I 0
(A) p  (B) P = zero
connected in series as shown in the figure. After 2
a long time the battery is disonnected after short
circuiting the points A and B. The current in the E0 I 0
circuit 1 ms after the short circuit is (C) p  (D) P  2E0 I 0
2
(AIEEE 2006) Sol.
L
A B
E
(A) 1/e A (B) e A (C) 0.1 A (D) 1 A

13.An ideal coil of 10 H is connected in series 15.In a series L-C-R circuit R  200  and the
with a resistance of 5  and a battery of 5 V. 2s voltage and the frequency of the main supply is
after the connection is made, the current flowing 220 V and 50 Hz respectively. On taking out the
(in ampere) in the circuit is (AIEEE 2007) capacitance from the circuit the current lags
(A) (1 – e) (B) e (C) e–1 (D) (1 – e–1) behind the voltage by 30°. On taking out the
Sol. inductor from the circuit the current leads the
voltage by 30°. The power dissipated in the
L-C-R circuit is (AIEEE 2010)
(A) 305 W (B) 210 w (C) zero (D) 242 W
Sol.
14.An inductor of inductance L = 400 mH and

resistors of resistances R1  4  and R2  2  are
connected to battery of emf 12 V as shown in
the figure. The internal resistance of the battery
is negligible. The switch S is closed at t = 0. The
potential drop across L as a function of time is
(AIEEE 2009)
 
A
R1 L
 R2
S
 
12 3t
(A) 6e 5tV (B) e V
t
(C) 6(1  e  t / 0.2 ) V (D) 12e 5t V
Sol.
LEVEL - II JEE ADVANCED
1. When an AC source of emf e=E0 sin (100t) is Sol.

connected across a circuit, the phase difference
between the emf e and the current i in the

circuit is observed to be ahead, as shown in
4
the diagram. If the circuit consists possibly only
of R-C or R-L or L-C in series, find the relationship
between the two elements : [JEE 2003]
e i
(A) R = 1k, C = 10F (B) R = 1k,C = 1F

(C) R = 1k, L = 10H (D) R = 1k, L = 1H
3. An AC voltage source of variable angular fre-

quency  and fixed amplitude V0 is connected in
series with a capacitance C and an electric bulb
of resistance R (inductance zero) when  is in-
creased [JEE 2009]
(A) the bulb glows dimmer
(B) the bulb glows brighter
(C) total impedence of the circuit is unchanged
(D) total impedance of the circuit increases
Sol.
2. In an LR series circuit, a sinusoidal voltage V =

V0 sin t is applied. It is given that L = 35 mH, R =

11 , Vrms = 220 V, = 50 Hz and  = 22/7.
2
Find the amplitude of current in the steady state
and obtain the phase difference between the
current and the voltage. Also plot the variation
of current for one cycle on the given graph.
O
T/4 T/2 3T/4 T t [JEE 2004]

4. Your are given many resistance, capacitors

and inductors. These are connected to a vari-
able DC voltage source (the first two circuits) or
an AC voltage source of 50 Hz frequency (the
next three circuits) in different ways as shown in
Column II. When a current I (steady state for
DC or rms for AC) flows through the circuit, the
corresponding voltage V1 and V2. (indicated in
circuits) are related as shown in Column I. Match
the two [JEE 2009]
Column I Column II
(A) I  0, V1 is
v1 v2
6mH 3F
proportional to I (P)
v
v1 v2
6mH 2
(B) I  0, V2 > V1 (Q)
v
v1 v2
6mH 2
(C) V1 = 0, V2 = V (R)
~
V
(D) I  0, V2 is
v1 v2
6mH 3F
proportional to I (S)
~
V
v1 v2
1k 3F
(T)
~
V
Sol.
5. A series R-C circuit is connected to AC volt-

age source. Consider two cases; (A) when C is
without a dielectric medium and (B) when C is
filled with dielectric of constant 4. The current IR
through the resistor and voltage VC across the
capacitor are compared in the two cases. Which
of the following is/are true? [JEE 2011]
(A) IRA  IBR (B) IRA  IBR
(C) VCA  VCB (D) VCA  VCB
Sol. 7. In the given circuit, the AC source has = 100

rad/s. Considering the inductor and capacitor to
be ideal, the correct choice(s) is (are)[JEE 2012]
(A) The current through the circuit, I is 0.3 A.

(B) The current thorgh the circuit, I is 0.3 2 A.
(C) The voltage across 100resistor = 10 2 V..
(D) The voltage across 50resistor = 10 V.
Sol.
6. A series R-C combination is connected to an

AC voltage of angular frequency  = 500 radian/
s. If the impedance of the R-C circuit is R 1.25 ,
the time constant (in millisecond) of the circuit is
Sol. [JEE 2011]

Answer Key
1. D 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B
8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. C 13. D 14. C
15. A 16. D 17. B 18. B 19. B 20. A 21. A
22. C 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. B
29. C 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D
36. A
Exercise - II
1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. D 6. C 7. D
8. D 9. C 10. B 11. C 12. A 13. D 14. B
15. D 16. C 17. D 18. D 19. B 20. D 21. D
22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. B
1 2 1/2
1. Ieff = [a2 + b] 2. Zero 3. z = 50 2 ohm , VC = 500 2 volt and vL = 600 2 volt
2
4. 4 F 5. (a) 5.5 A (b) 1.188 kw (c) 0.939 lag
 1 
6. LI/2R 7. 200 rad/sec 8. q = Q0sin  LC t  
2  9. /4

20
10.  2H 11. 20 V 12. 100, 3 / H 13. C = 9.2 F
2
 max  max
1. C2 = ; C1 = 2. 42 + 20t volt
 C1   1  C2  C1   1 
1    L –  1    L – 
 C2   (C 1  C 2 )  C1  C2    (C 1  C 2 ) 
1
3. 0.08 H, 17.28 W 4. 2A, 400 W 5. 77, 97.6, 7.7V, 9.76V 6. 0.2 mH, F , 8 × 105 rad/s
32
LEVEL - I JEE MAIN

1. B 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C
8. A 9. C 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. D 14. D
15. D

v  220 2 sin t
V,I
i  20 sin(t   / 4)
20
  1 O T 9T/8
1. A 2. 20A, ,  Steady state current i = 20 sin   100 t   t
4  4 –10 2 T/8T/4 T/2 5T/8
3. B 4. (A)  R,S,T ; (B)  Q,R,S,T ; (C)  P, Q ; (D)  Q,R,S,T

5. B,C 6. 4 7. A,C
Page # 212 Solutions Slot – 3 (Physics)
ALTERNATING CURRENT
1. D 9. C
Given T = 1s = 10-6 s
V0
1 1 Vrms   220
f   0  106 Hz 2
T 10
2. B V0  220 2  311 volt
Given i = 4 sin (100 t + 30°)
10. A
T
2
I
0
0 sin  t dt
Iavg  T
at t = 0 ; i  4 sin30  2A 2

 100t  dt
0
3 T
1 2I0  s t  2 2I0
t sec. = 
300 T    0 
3. B
11. B

at t = 0, i = 2 sin (100 t + ) E = 200 sin (2 × 50t)
3
= 200 sin 314t

i = 2 sin ,i= 3 Amp. 12. C
3
4. C T
1 2 
Irms   I1 cos2 t  I22 sin2 t  2I1I2 sin t cos tdt 
T T  
2 0 
 10 sin 314 t  dt
Iavg  0 1  I21 I2 
T   T  2 T 
2 T  2 2 
 dt
0 1
2i0


 0.637 i0  0.637  10

 I12  I22  2
= 6.37 A 2
5. D 13. D
I12 
Ims  I02  E = E0 cos (t + ) can be written as
2 3
36   
 9  9  18  27  3 3 E  E0 sin  t   
2  2 3
6. A
By concept  5 
7. B  E0 sin  t  
 6 
1 Cycle  2 times
50 Cycle  100 times 5
8. B Phase diff. =
6
e = 500 sin100t
14. C
  100 
2f  100 XL  t  1000 
f = 50  XL new  2 2t   4  1000  4000 
Corporate Head Office : Motion Education Pvt. Ltd., 394 - Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota-5 (Raj.)
Solutions Slot – 3 (Physics) Page # 213
15. A 23. C
At resonance condition XL = XC then XL = XC
24. C
Z R
100  103 z
i  100m.Amp
1
16. D
XL  L  100  0.1  10  Inductive
11 kHz
100   10 kHz f
i sin 100t     10 cos 100t  A
10  2
17. B 25. D
18. B 
Given E = 5 cost, I = 2 sint ,  =
X L  L = 2f × L 2
100 = 2 × 50 × L ....(Eqn. 1) then
(XL)new = 2 × 150 × L ....(Eqn. 2) P = Vrms Irms cos 
from eqn. (i) & (ii)
5 2 
(XL)new = 300    cos 0
2 2 2
19. B
26. A
20 5
Given R = 50  , L = H , C  F Given R = 0 then
  P = I2R = 0
20 27. D
X L  L  2  50   2000  Given R = 3, XL = 4, XC = 8

R 2  X C  X L 
2
1 1 Z=
XC    2000 
C 5
2  50   10 6
32  8  4 = 5
2
x Z=
XL = XC then Z=R
then
20. A
Given potential difference between the ends of R R
P  VI cos   VI (cos  = )
the resistance wire = VR Z Z
across capacitor VC = 2VR V R V2 R
and across the inductor VL = 3VR =V 
Z Z Z Z
then
V VR2   VL  VC 
2 50  50  3
  300 watt
55
2
 VR2   3VR  2VR   2 VR 28. B
21. A Given for Bulb B1 , P1 = 500 w
Bulb B2, P2 = 300 w
R R
 V = 200 volt
% increase  0 .5 0.866  100 = 73.2 %
R 2
V 1
P R 
22. C 0.866 R P
In resonance condition R1 P2 300 3
  
1 R2 P1 500 5
 29. C
LC
when L  25% and C  20% then Given P1 = 40 w, P2 = 60 w, P3 = 100 w
1
1 1 R
new   P
125 80 5 4 1 1
L C L C R1    0.25
100 100 4 5 P1 40
1 1
new   new   R2   0.17
60
LC
1 33. A
R3   0.01
100
100
R 3  R 2  R1
i same 100
P1 > P2 > P3
40 watt
30. B Vrms
i rms = (XL = 100 )
31. C 2
Given VL = 176
 2.2 = 220
VR = V2  VL2 (100)2  (100  XC )2
 (100)2 + (100 – XC)2 = (100)2

V
XC = 100
VL 1
cos 45º =
= 2
(220)  (176)
2 2
VR 34. B
In series LCR circuit at resonance XL = XC
VR = 132 V then Z = R
32. D
R
R cos  = =1
 cos = Z
z
P = Erms Irms cos 
1 35. D D.C. ammeter reads zero.
cos1 = = z1 = 2R
2 36. A
1
cos2 = = z2 = 4R
4 T
2
 I .dt
% increase =
4R  2R
× 100 = 0
T
= I20  0.5I12
2R
= 100 %
 dt
0
Exercise - II
1. C 6. C
Given V = 100 sin 100t
i = 100 sin (100t + /3)
 = /3 XL–XC
100 45º
Irms = × 10–3 A 10
2
100 1
cos =
Vrms = 2
2
P = Vrms Irms cos 1
L –  = 10
c
100 100 
= × × 10–3 cos  3   1 
2 2  
 100  0.1  = 10
P = 2.5 W  100  c 
2. A 2f = 100 C = 500 F
V = 5 cos t = 5 sin (t +/2) 7. D
i = 2 sin t
 = /2
4 V
P = Vrms × Irms cos 
 
5 2
= × cos /2 = 0 3 I
2 2   53º
3. A Z = 5
 i = 2 sin (t – 53º)
VL = 8 sin (t – 53º + 90º)
= 8 sin (t + 37º)
= 8 sin ( + 37º)
= –8 sin 37º
~ 3
= –8 ×
5
Given = –4.8 volts
L = 0.5 H, C = 8F 8. D
L R  100
1
=
LC
 = 500 Hz
4. D
Given
Irms = 10A, f = 50 Hz
~
T 1 1
t= = = 100V, 50 Hz
4 4f 200
Given V = 100 V I=1A
t = 5 ms R = 100  z = V/I
I0 = Irms × 2 = 14.14 A 100
z=
0.5
5. D z = 200
Given
V0 = 283 V R=3  z  (100)2  (250L)2
L = 25 × 10–3 H C = 400 × 10–6 F  L = 0.55 H
For maximum power XL = XC 9. C
Given R = 10  L=2H
1 1
C =  2 = V = 120 V f = 60 Hz
L LC XL = 2 × f × L
= 2 × 60 × 2
3
= 240  cos = 0.6 = 60º R
5
Irms = V/Z
 = 53º
120 cos  = 0.5 XC
i rms =  0.16 A
(10)  (240)2
2
 = 60º
10. B  XC = XL
9V or 1 Volt XL XC
11. C tan 53º = R & tan 60º = R
1 2
Given f = 50 Hz C = 100 F
I0 = 1.57 A XL X4
4
  = R & 3 = R
Then VC = I0XC sin (t – ) 3 1 4
2
1  
= 1.57 × sin 100t  2  R1 3 3
2 50  100  10 6   
R2 4
 
= 50 sin 100t  2  16. C
 
12. A i20R = irms
2
R
From Given data i 0 = i rms =
4 = 2 Amp.
Vapplied = 10 V 17. D i = 2 sin 100t + 2 sin (100t + 30)
VC = 8 V VR = ?
8v
82 + x2 = 102
x = 6 volt
22  22  2  2  2 cos 30º
 4 2
 = tan–1   VR
3
30º
13. D
2  1cycle
2
1
1 cycle
2
Then = 2 2  3 = i0
 1
 cycle 2 2 3
4 8 i rms =
1 2
 1 cycle  sec 18. D
50
1 1 0.4
cycle  sec = 2.5 m sec L= H R = 30 
8 400 
14. B
2V V = 200 V Z= xL2  R 2
1V
2
 0.4  2
  30º =  L 2  R2 =  2  50     30
 
3V
= 402  302 = 50 
V Vrms 200
i= = =4A
30º z 50
19. B
I
15. D 20. D
10R
XL 3R
53º
R
R1
24. A, 25.C, 26.D

R
cos 1 = 12
10R Rcoil = = 3
4
5R 120
z= R 2  X2L = =5
24
3R
XL2 = 16  XL = 4
3 3
R Now cos = 2 2
= 2
R 3 (X C  XL )  1 
9    L 

 L 
R 1 3
cos2 = = =
5R 5 5
3
cos 2 1/ 5 P = Vrms Irms cos = 12 × 2.4 ×
5
cos 1 = 1 / 10 = 2
= 17.28 
21. D
4
1 L
for resonant freq. = 50
VL 2
LC 
25
I
VC 1
2 =
2
22. D  2500  10  6
25
In LCR circuit net impedence
 = 70.7 rad/sec
Given by
So current, increases continuously from
Z= R2   xL  xC 
2  = 25 to 50 and maximum at 70.7 rad/sec.
When tuned to resonance then

XL = XC
z= R
23. C
R
Paverage = i rms Vrms .
2
= i rms
2
.R
= 22 × 5 = 20

1. Current at any instant in the circuit will be E 141 .4

4. Z= = = 20 2
I = Idc + Iac = a + b sin t i 5
X  XC
tan = L
T 2 
 /2
T 2 
 /2 R
By E and I
0

 I dt 

 I dt 
 

Ieff =  T  Ieff =  0T  = 2
 
 dt   dt   XL = XC
 
 0



 0


 1
1/2 then 2 =
1 T  LC
= 
 (a  b sin t)2 dt    = 5000 and L = 0.01
 T 0 
1/2 C = 4F
T
1 
2 2 2 R = 20 2
Ieff =  T (a  2ab sin t  b sin t)dt 

 0  5. Given V1 = 115 V, I1 = 3A, f = 50hz, cos 1 = 0.6
T T
1 1 2 1 V1
but as
T  sin t  0, T  sin
0 0
t  dt,
2 Z1 
I1
1/2
2
 2 b 
Ieff = a  2  115
  Z1 = = 38.33 
3
2. Average voltage will be zero as for half of the
cycle voltage is positive & for rest half of the R1
cycle voltage is negative. cos 1 = Z
1
3 40  R1 = Z1 cos1
R  50 H
 
= (38.33) (0.6) = 23
XL = z12  R 12 = 30.67 
For second condition V2 = 115 V, I2 = 5A
3.
~ V2
Z2 
200V, 50 cycles/sec I2
2
 1  115
Z= R 2   L   Z2 = = 23
 C 
5
Z = 50 2 ohm R2 = Z2cos2 = 23 (0.707)
V 200 = 16.26
i0 = 0 = =2 2A
z 50 2
XC = z22  R 22
VOL = i 0XL = i 0L
2 2
3 = (23)  (16.26) = 16.26 
= 2 2 × 2 × × 50
 when resistance are connected in series
VOL = 600 2 volt R = R1 + R2 = 39.26 
XL – XC = 14.41 
VOC = i 0XC = 2 2 × 1
40 6
Z= R 2  (xL  xC )2 = 41.82 
2  50   10
 V 230
1000 (a) i = = = 5.5A
= 2 × 2000 × 10
3 Z 41 .82
(b) P = i R = (5.5) (39.26) = 1187.6W
2 2
= 2 × 500 = 500 2 volt = 1.188 kW

(c) Power factor
R 39 .26 10. Given C = 5 F, R = 10  and f = 50Hz

cos = = = 0.939
z 41 .92 cos = 1
since
R
XL > XC, then cos = = 1
Z
This power is lagging
R 2  X L  X C 
2
R = Z and Z =
i
6. i= 0 After solving
2
i0
L =
1
= i 0 e–t/  t = n2 ....(i)
2 c
i = i 0 e–t/ 1 1 20
L= = 
q t
t / 
2 C 2  502  8  106 2 H
 dq =  i e
0 0
0 .dt 11. Given VL = 12 V, VR = 16 V
2 2
q  i0  e  t /   1 then Vnet = VR  VL
By equestion (i) =122  162 = 20 volt
  ln2  12. Given V = 100 V D.C., I = 1 A,
q  i0  e   1 When 100 volt D.C. apply
 
i0L V 100
 i= = =1
2R R coil R coil
 
7.     E.d l  Rcoil = 100 
when 100 V A.C. of 50 Hz then i = ½ A
0.8 t = E × 2(2)
E = 0.2 t 100
F = qE = 0.4 t Z=
1
d 2
 = I  . = (0.4t) × 2 ;  4t
dt
10  Z = 200 = R 2coil  2L2
  4t dt = 200 rad/sec 2002 = 1002 + 42 × 502 × L2
0
8. In L–C oscillation On solving we get
q Ldi 3
= L= H
c dt 
 charge is decreasing i = – dq/dt 13.
d q 2 i 100V
di
=
dt dt 2   60º
 d2 q  Q0 C L
 q/c = –L  2 
 dt 
 1  x
q = Q0 sin  LC t  2  S i
  (200)2 = (100)2 + x2

 between q & i is – x=
2 3 100
300 R–
9. Given R = 300 , L = 1H, f 
2 60º
300
then XL = 2 × × 1 = 300 
2 1
XL C
300
1
tan 60º = = 3
cR
R
300 c ~
XL 300 – 9.2 F
tan= = =1
R 300
 = 45°
Power dissipated = 4 × 100 = 400 Watt

P Q
1. c1+c2 L 1uf 4.9mH 68 
5.
Vmax
imax =
 1 
  L   10V
 ( C 1  C )
2 
for max. current flow
iq and qc
C1 1
L – =0
so ic1 = C  C . imax C
1 2
 Resonance frequency
C1 . max
iC1  105
 C1   1   =
C2  1    L   7
 C2   (C1  C2 ) 
2
Ldi Ldi  10 5 
2.  – iR – = 0   – (3 + 5t) R – =0 ZQ = RL2  (L )2  (68 )2    4.9  10 3 
dt dt  7 
 
 – (3 + 5t) R – L 5 = 0  E = 42 + 20t
= 97.6 
3. so RI = 12/4 = 3
2 2
 1  2  7 
Irms =
Vrms R2     (32 )   5  6

 C   10  10 
RI2  (  L )2 ZP =
12 = 77 
2.4 =  L = 0.08H
9  (50L )2
120 C L
4A
6. (a)
RI
1
12V  4  10 5 ....(1)
LC
2
 = i R = 60 v
Vrms
Power = 2
= 17.28 w 60 1
 1  i= = = 0.5 A
2
R   L  120 2
  C 
0 .5
L Given 40 = × 4 × 105 L
4. tan 60º =  L = 0.6 H 10
R L = 0.2 mH ....(2)
1 from eq. (1) & (2)
tan 60º =  C = 1.9 × 10–5 F
RC 1
C= F
32
200
so I =
2 X C  XL

2  1  (b) tan 45 
(100 )  300  0.6   
5 
R
  300  1.9  10 
I = 2A
LEVEL - I JEE MAIN

1. B 6. B
L Given L = 300 mH, R = 2, V = 2 V
From the relation, tan  = The current at any instant is given by
R
1 I  Io (1  e Rt / L )
Power factor, cos  =
1  tan2  Io
  Io (1  eRt / L )
1 R 2 L, R
  1
2
 L  R 2  2L2 or  (1  e Rt / L
)
1   2
 R  1
or eRt / L 
R R 2
cos  = 
z R  2L2
2 Rt
or  ln 2 2V
2. B L
3
Given : IP = 4 A, NP = 140 and Ns = 280, L 300  10
From the formula  t  ln 2   0.693
R 2
IP Ns 4 280  150  0.693  10 3 = 0.10395  0.1 s
 or 
Is NP Is 140 7. C
So, Is  2A Given, L = 10 H, f = 50 Hz
3. C for maximum power
The full cycle of alternating current consists of XC = XL
two half cycles. For one half current is positive 1 1
or  L or C 2
and for second half, current is negative. There- C L
fore, for an AC cycle, the net value of average 1
 C or C = 0.1 x 10-5
current to be zero. While the DC ammeter, read 42 x 50 x 50 x 10
the average value. Hence, the alternating cur- C = 1F
rent cannot be measured by DC ammeter. 8. A
4. D
R 12 4
In an LCR series AC circuit, the voltage across Power factor = cos      0.8
inductor L leads the current by 900 and the volt- Z 15 5
9. C
age across capacitor C lags behind the current
(a) In a circuit having C alone, the voltage lags
by 900.

the current by
2
VL 900 (b) In circuit containing R and L, the voltage
I 
VC VR leads the current by .
900 2
(c) In LC circuit, the phase difference between
current and voltage can have any value be-
Hence, the voltage across LC combination will
be zero. 
tween 0 to depending on the values of L and C.
vR = vL = vc = 50 v 2
5. C (d) In a circuit containing L alone, the voltage
In the condition of resonance 
leads the current by .
XL = XC 2
Hence, the option (c) is correct.
1
or L  Since, resonant frequency remains 10. A
C This is a combined example of growth and de-
unchanged, so
cay of current in an LR circuit.
LC  cons tan t
L=100mH
or LC  cons tan t
L 1C1  L 2C2
L
or L x C  L 2 x 2C  L2 = A B
2 E=100V

The current through circuit just before shorting After 2s, ie, at t = 2s
the battery. Rise of current I = I 0 (1-e-1)A.
E E
R
 t
Io   1A i 1  e L 
R R 
[as inductor would be shorted in steady state]  
After this decay of current starts in the circuit 5
5  2 
according to the equation  1  e 10  1
5   1  e
I  Ioe t /  
where  = L/R 14. D
Given L = 400 mH and R1 = 4 , R2 = 2,
3
)/(100x103 /100) 1 V = 12 V
I  1 x e (1x10   A
e V 12
I1    6A A
E R / Lt R1 2
i e L R1 L
R dI
100
E  L 2  R 2 I2
100  100  103  1  10
3
dt
 e R I2 = Io (1-e-t/tc)
100
E 12
1  Io    6A R2
= A R2 2 S
e
11. C L 400 x 103
tC    0.2 ,
Given R = 1 k, C = 2F,  = 200 rad./s, R 2
V = 100 V
I2  6(1  e5t )
1
At resonance ,  L = Potential drop across
C L = E - R2L2 = 12-2x 6(1-e-5t) = 12 e-5t
Current flowing through the circuit,
V 100 VL  VeR / Lt
I R   0.1 A
R 1000 
2
t
So, voltage across L is given by  12 e 400 103  12 e 5 t V
1 15. D
VL = I XL = IL , but L 
C The given circuit is under resonance as XL = XC
1 0.1 Hence, Power dissipated in the circuit is
 VL    250 volt 2
C 200  2  10 6 V
P  242W
1 1 R
  200  200   X R
LC L  2  106 tan30  L  XL 
R 3
25
L H XC R
2 tan30   XC 
3 1 R 3
VR  IR  100  I  10  I 
10 XL  XC    0
1 25 P = Vrms Irms cos
VL  I  L   200   250V
10 2
V2 220  220
12. B P= =  242W
For given circuit current is lagging the voltage 2 R 2  200

by , so circuit is purely inductive and there is
2
no power consumption in the circuit. The work
done by battery is stored as magnetic energy in
the inductor.
P = Vrms Irms cos

=  P=0
2
13. D
Rise of current in L-R circuit is given by
I = I0 (1-e-t/)
E 5 10H
Where Io    1A
R 5
L 10
Now,    2s
R 5 5V
1
Ldi Q di 100  10 6 0.25 R2 =
1. (a)   2 × 10–3  (500  C)2
dt C dt 50  10  6
1
di R=
  10 4 A / sec (500  C)
dt 2 2
(b) When capacitor completely charged, i = 0 C= R  C =  103 = 4
500 R 500
Q2 1
(c)  Li2 7. A,C
2C 2
Given  = 100 rad/sec.
(200  10 6 )2 1
   2  10  3  i2 (R1 = 100  , C = 100 F)
2  5  10  6 2
R2 = 50  , L = 0.5 H
(200  10 6 )2
i2  I1
10  8 100 2
2 200  10 6
i   2A
10  4
2 50 2
1 i Q'2 (200  10 6 )2 I2
(d) L   
2 2 2C 2C ds
3 2 6 2
1 2  10 Q' (200  10 )
  
2 4 2  5  10  6 2  5  10  6
20V
2. Given Vrms = 220 V, L = 35 mH, R = 11  and XL = L = 50
 = 100Hz 1
XC = = 100
c
then V0 = Vrms 2 = 220 2
V 20
220 2 I1  
i0  and Z  X2L  R 2 = 11 2  R 100 2 at 45° with voltage.
Z
i0 = 20 A
11 20 2
I2  = at 45° with voltage.
tan  = = 1   = /4 50 2 5 2
11
i  20 sin(t   / 4)
3. B
I1
2 1
Z  R  2 2 As   z  imax 
C
So Bulbs glows brighter
4. (A)  RST ; (B)  QRST ; (C)  PQ ; (D)  QRST
I2
5. B,C
As C is filed with Dielectric  C 
Net current
1
XC   Z  R 2  X C2 
C  I  I12  I22 = 0.3 A approx.
IR  Þ IRB > IRA
So drop across R increase &
VC   VCA > VCB
6. A
1
R 1.25  R 2 
(500  C)2
1
1.25 R2 = R2 +
(500  C)2

Alternating Current

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Alternating Current

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Page # 226 ALTERNATING CURRENT

Exercise - I OBJECTIVE PROBLEMS (JEE MAIN)

2. An ac circuit, the current is given by 5. In a circuit an a.c. current and a d, c. current

6. The emf and the current in a circuit are –

7.If the frequency of alternating potential is 50Hz

Sol. 11. Sinusoidal peak potential is 200 volt with

12. RMS value of ac i = i1 cos t + i2 sin t will

10. The average value or alternating current for

13. The phase di ffer ence betw een the

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Sol. 16. A coil of inductance 0.1 H is connected to

14.The inductive reactance of a coil is 1000. If

17. Alternating current lead the applied e.m.f. by

15.n an L.C.R series circuit R = 1, XL = 1000

18.A coil has reactance of 100 when frequency

Sol. 21. The percentage increase in the impedance

19. A resistance of 50, an inductance of 20/

20. The potential difference between the ends

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24. An ac circuit resonates at a frequency of 10 27. n an A.C. circuit, a resistance of 3, an

28.Two bulbs of 500 watt and 300 watt work on

29. Three bulbs of 40, 60 and 100 watt are con-

30. Alternating current can not be measured by Sol.

36. An AC current is given by I = I0 + I1 sin wt

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2. The potential difference V and current i flowing

3. An a.c. circuit consists of an inductor of

6. The power factor of the circuit is 1/ 2 .

Sol. 9. An inductive circuit contains resistance of 10

7. An ac-circuit having supply voltage E consists

8. When 100 V DC is applied across a solenoid a

11. Let f = 50 Hz, and C = 100 F in an AC circuit

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Sol. 13. The phase difference between current and

12. In a series CR circuit shown in figure, the

(A) zero (B) 2 A (C) 2A (D) 2 2 A

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23. A capacitor C = 2F and an inductor with L = Sol.

passage (Q.24 - Q.26)

25. The power developed in the circuit when the

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Exercise - III (JEE ADVANCED)

4. A series circuit consists of a resistance, in-

5. A circuit takes A current of 3 a at a power 7. A charged ring of mass m = 50 gm, charge 2

8. A capacitor C with a charge Q0 is connected

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10. Find the value of an inductance which should

11. In an L-R series A. C circuit the potential

~ the current and the power dissipated in the LCR

5. A box P and a coil Q are connected in series

6. A series LCR circuit containing a resistance of

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Exercise - IV PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS

LEVEL - I JEE MAIN

2. In a transformer, number of turns in the primary

6. A coil of inductance 300 mH and resistance

8. A circuit has a resistance of 12  and an

9. The phase difference between the alternating

12.In an AC circuit the voltage applied is

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14.An inductor of inductance L = 400 mH and

LEVEL - II JEE ADVANCED