‫‪.

‬‬
‫‪Grammar Summary‬‬
‫ًَدص ق‪ٛ‬اعد ايصف ايجايح ايجاْ‪٣ٛ‬‬

‫‪‬انكهًاث ٔانخؼبرياث املسخخذيت‪:‬‬

‫❶ ‪UNIT‬‬ ‫‪r‬‬
‫< <‬
‫‪-‬فتزة ‪ (Recently-lately-already-just-over+‬يؼرب ػٍ حذد حى (ياضى حاو) قبم حذد آخش فى‬
‫‪+:‬‬
‫‪i‬‬
‫‪g‬‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻄﺒﻌﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪!; 7‬‬
‫‪٠‬‬ ‫|‬

‫ﻣﻘﺎر‬ ‫‪Never-so far-up till now-in the last few‬‬

‫‪ years-in recent years-it's the first time.‬املاضى (ياضى بسيط) ‪ /‬أٔ قبم فرتة صيُيت فى املاضى‪.‬‬
‫① شمً املاضى البسًط‬ ‫‪Ex/ I had finished my work before I left home.‬‬ ‫تأتى فى آخر اجلنلة فى النفى والسؤال‬
‫‪Ex/ I had finished my work by 7:00 yesterday.‬‬ ‫‪Yet‬‬
‫انخصشيف انثاَى نهفؼم‬ ‫انخكٕيٍ‬
‫‪He hasn't come yet. Has he come yet‬‬
‫‪‬يالحظت يًٓت‪ :‬إرا كاَج َخيجت انفؼم فى املاضى‪ ,‬يكٌٕ‬ ‫تأتى فى السؤال قبل التصريف لثالث ‪/‬‬
‫يصذس ‪Didn't +‬‬ ‫انُفى‬ ‫سبب انفؼم ياضى حاو ‪ /‬أٔ ياضى حاو يسخًش‪.‬‬ ‫وتأتى فى اجلنلة اخلربية إذا كان فيوا‬
‫‪ + Was/Were+ P.P‬يفؼٕل‬ ‫املبُى نهًجٕٓل‬ ‫‪Ex/ He was all because he had eaten bad food.‬‬ ‫‪Ever‬‬ ‫صيغة تفضيل أو بدأت ب (‪)No one/body‬‬
‫‪Ex/ He was all because he had been working all‬‬ ‫?‪●Has he ever visited Alex‬‬
‫‪‬االسخخذاو‪ :‬يؼرب ػٍ حذد حى فى ٔقج يحذد فى‬ ‫)كان يعمم طىال انهيم(‪day yesterday.‬‬ ‫‪●Nobody has ever seen this place.‬‬
‫‪He travelled yesterday‬‬ ‫املاضى ‪/‬‬ ‫‪‬انكهًاث ٔانخؼبرياث ٔانشٔابط املسخخذيت‪:‬‬ ‫‪● It's the tallest tree I've ever seen.‬‬
‫يأتى بعدها بداية الفرتة الزمنية‪:‬‬
‫❶ ‪ٔ After‬يؼرب ػٍ ػاداث يخكشسة فى املاضى يغ انكهًاث ‪.‬‬ ‫ماضى تام‬ ‫ماضى بسيط‬
‫‪since‬‬ ‫‪1990-May-Sunday-3 O'clock-then-‬‬
‫‪(every day…often-sometimes-always-usually-‬‬ ‫‪As soon As‬‬ ‫)اسم دال على الوقت ‪last week- (marriage‬‬
‫‪When‬‬ ‫ماضى بسيط‬ ‫ماضى بسيط‬
‫)‪used to + inf‬‬ ‫يأتى بعدها إمجاىل الفرتة الزمنية‪:‬‬
‫‪‬انكهًاث ٔانخؼبرياث املسخخذيت‪:‬‬ ‫حدثان متتابعان فى املاضى بسرعة‬
‫‪For 2 years-3 months-7 days-2 hours-‬‬
‫– ‪(Yesterday – last (week-month-night..)– ago‬‬ ‫❷ ‪Before‬‬ ‫ماضى بسيط‬ ‫ماضى تام‬ ‫‪the last week-ages- a long time.‬‬
‫‪How long ago – in 1989 – the other day-just‬‬ ‫‪By the time‬‬
‫ماضى بسيط‬ ‫ماضى بسيط‬ ‫‪‬يالحظاث‪:‬‬
‫(فتزة مىتهيت ‪now - when I was –the last time- For+‬‬ ‫‪When‬‬
‫حدثان متتابعان فى املاضى بسرعة‬ ‫مضارع تام‬ ‫‪Since‬‬ ‫ماضى بسيط‬
‫② شمً املاضى املستنس‬ ‫‪After‬‬ ‫ماضى بسيط‬ ‫‪when‬‬
‫‪ ●I‬إذمل يأتى‬ ‫‪haven't seen Ali since he left Cairo.‬‬
‫‪V-ing‬‬
‫‪Was/Were + V-ing‬‬ ‫انخكٕيٍ‬ ‫‪Before‬‬ ‫ماضى بسيط ‪ +( last )+‬فاعل‪ +since+‬مدة زمنية ‪ It's+‬بعدهما فاعل ماضى تام‬

‫املبُى نهًجٕٓل ‪+Was/Were +being+ P.P‬يفؼٕل‬ ‫❸‬

‫ماضى بسيط ‪Having + P.P‬‬
‫‪●) It's 5 years since I (last) met him.‬‬

‫‪ when‬االسخخذاو‪ :‬يؼرب ػٍ حذد نى يكٍ قذ اَخٓى فى‬

‫(ماضى بسيط)‪( +When+‬ماضى بسيط)‪+( last )+‬فاعل‬
‫[‬
‫❹‬
‫ماضى بسيط منفى‬ ‫‪Until/ Till‬‬ ‫ماضى تام‬
‫‪● I (last) met him when he was 12.‬‬
‫ٔقج يحذد فى املاضى ‪/‬‬
‫‪when‬‬ ‫‪when‬‬ ‫‪when‬‬
‫‪( + was +‬ماضى بسيط)‪ +‬فاعل‪The last time+‬‬
‫)كىت أقزأ( ‪Ex/ I was reading at 7:00 last night.‬‬ ‫❺‪It wasn't until‬‬ ‫ماضى بسيط ‪ That‬ماضى تام‬
‫‪ٔ It was only when‬يؼرب ػٍ حذد كاٌ يسخًشاً (ياضى يسخًش) إىل أٌ‬ ‫‪+‬‬
‫‪+ago‬مدة زمنية ‪+‬‬

‫قطؼّ حذد آخش فى املاضى (ياضى بسيط) ‪.‬‬ ‫❻‬ ‫‪●The last time I met him was a week ago.‬‬
‫‪No sooner‬‬ ‫‪Than‬‬
‫‪Ex/ I was reading when my father came.‬‬ ‫ماضى‬ ‫‪Have been to‬‬ ‫ذهب ملكان وعاد منى‬
‫‪ Hardly‬انكهًاث ٔانخؼبرياث ٔانشٔابط املسخخذيت‪:‬‬ ‫‪+ P.P‬فاعل‪Had+‬‬ ‫‪When‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫بسيط‬

‫‪/‬‬
‫‪Have gone to‬‬ ‫ذهب ملكان ومل يعد منى بعد‬
‫‪While/As/‬‬ ‫ماضى مستنر‬ ‫‪ Scarcely‬حدث قطع اآلخر ماضى بسيط‬ ‫‪When‬‬
‫حدثان مستمران‬
‫❼‬
‫❸ ‪UNIT‬‬
‫‪Just As‬‬ ‫فى نفس الوقت ماضى مستنر ماضى مستنر‬ ‫‪i‬‬‫‪> -‬‬
‫ماضى تام ‪‬فرتة فى املاضى ‪By +‬‬
‫‪h‬‬

‫‪When‬‬ ‫ماضى مستنر‬ ‫ماضى بسيط‬ ‫‪when‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫‪when‬‬
‫ماضى بسيط‬ ‫ماضى مستنر‬ ‫❷ ‪UNIT‬‬ ‫< <‬ ‫‪:‬‬
‫‪p‬‬
‫اب‪-‬‬
‫① ‪Will (Won't) + inf‬‬
‫حدثان متتابعان بسرعة ماضى بسيط‬
‫‪Ir‬‬ ‫املبُى نهًجٕٓل ‪+Will +Be+ P.P‬يفؼٕل‬
‫‪4‬‬

‫ماضى بسيط‬
‫‪¥‬‬
‫‪ + V-ing‬أثياء ‪On:‬‬ ‫إسه ‪During +‬‬
‫① شمً املضازع التاو‬ ‫‪‬االسخخذاو‪ ①:‬انخُبؤ بغري دنيم‬
‫‪when‬‬ ‫‪when‬‬
‫‪While: + V-ing‬‬ ‫بدون فاعل‬ ‫②حؼرب ػٍ قشاساث سشيؼت نحظت انكالو‪.‬‬
‫حسخخذو فى اإلسخًشاس‬
‫‪when‬‬
‫‪‬الحظ أٌ أفؼال انحانت انخانيت ال‬
‫‪when‬‬ ‫‪Have/Has + P.P‬‬ ‫انخكٕيٍ‬ ‫③اآليــال(‪④ )Hope‬انؼشض ٔانطهب‪.‬‬
‫‪Know-think-believe-remember-forget‬‬ ‫التفكري‬ ‫املبُى نهًجٕٓل ‪+ Have/Has +Been+ P.P‬يفؼٕل‬ ‫⑤انحقائق املسخقبهيت (‪.)he will be 7 next May‬‬
‫⑥انٕػٕد ‪ٔ /‬انخٓذيذاث يغ كهًت(‪.)or/otherwise‬‬
‫‪‬يؼرب ػٍ حذد حى فى فرتة فى املاضى ال َزكشْا فى‬
‫)رائحته تكىن(‪)-hear-smell‬مذاقه يكىن(‪See-taste‬‬ ‫احلىاس‬
‫‪Like-love-hate-prefer-dislike..‬‬ ‫الشعىز‬
‫املاضى ٔنكٍ نّ أثش فى انٕقج انحاضش ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬انكهًاث ٔانخؼبرياث املسخخذيت‪:‬‬
‫…‪Have-own-possess-belong to‬‬ ‫التنلك‬
‫‪Be-weigh-cost-measure-consist of-seem‬‬ ‫أخرى‬ ‫‪Ex/I have finished my homework. (not yesterday) just‬‬ ‫‪decide / decided just now /‬‬
‫‪‬يالحظت يًٓت‪ :‬إرا كاَج َخيجت انفؼم فى املضاسع‪,‬‬
‫‪made a quick decision I think / believe /‬‬
‫‪) / promise /‬أفتزض(‪hope/ expect/suppose‬‬
‫③ شمً املاضى التاو‬ ‫‪ surely / definitely/I'm sure / I'm afraid /‬يكٌٕ سبب انفؼم يضاسع حاو‪.‬‬
‫‪Ex/ He is happy now. He has passed the exam.‬‬ ‫‪) / perhaps /‬مه انممكه(‪maybe / possibly‬‬
‫‪Had + P.P‬‬ ‫انخكٕيٍ‬ ‫‪) - I'm almost certain.‬مه انمحتمم(‪ٔ probably‬يسخخذو نهخحذد ػٍ خرباث انحياة ٔانفرتاث انخى نى‬
‫‪+Had +Been+ P.P‬يفؼٕل‬ ‫املبُى نهًجٕٓل‬ ‫‪ Next(week-month..) /soon /in the future/‬حُخّ بؼذ‪I have visited Alex before . .‬‬
‫)دول مع أي وىع مستقبم( ‪Tomorrow‬‬

‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
 ‫② ‪(Be) going to + inf‬‬ ‫سوان ‪ 6-‬االسخخذاو‪① :‬يعرب عن حدث صيكون قد مت قبن وقوع‬ ‫‪When‬‬ ‫‪‬مجمة تبدأ بفاعن‬
‫حدث آخز فى املضتكبن أو فرتة فى املضتكبن‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬فعن حيتاج حزف جز‬
‫مصدر ‪(am-is-are) going to +‬‬ ‫انخكٕيٍ‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫‪Ex/ By 2020, we will have built the hospital‬‬ ‫‪Which‬‬
‫املبُى نهًجٕٓل ‪(am/is/are)going to+ Be +P.P‬‬ ‫الحظ‪  :‬عادة يضتخدً هذا الشون وع‪:‬‬ ‫‪That‬‬
‫‪‬حزف اجلز يكون وضترت‬
‫‪)/‬فتزة فً انمستقبم ‪ (Before/By/By the time +‬االسخخذاو‪① :‬انخُبؤ بذنيم قاطغ َشاِ اآلٌ‪.‬‬ ‫إذا مل ‪ٜ‬تخكل أحد ٖر‪ٙ‬‬
‫)‪(in 2 years' time) / This time next week..‬‬
‫②حؼرب ػٍ خطط يسخقبهيت َٕٔايا ٔطًٕحاث‪.‬‬ ‫ايػس‪ٚ‬ط ْطتددّ‬
‫‪‬انكهًاث ٔانخؼبرياث املسخخذيت‪:‬‬ ‫‪ ‬اصتخداً الزوابط الشونية وع املضتكبن‬ ‫‪May‬‬ ‫‪is the month when I was born.‬‬
‫‪Plan /intend/ decide / made up my mind‬‬ ‫‪May is the month which I was born in‬‬
‫‪After‬‬ ‫صيغة مستقبل‬
‫الحظ‪  :‬انصفاث انشخصيت ال حؼذ دنيم‪.‬‬ ‫‪Before‬‬ ‫‪when‬‬ ‫①‪ -‬عالقة ضنائس الىصل حبسوف‬
‫وضارع بضيط‬ ‫‪Will+inf‬‬
‫‪Ex/ He is smart. He will succeed.‬‬ ‫‪As soon As‬‬
‫وضارع تاً‬ ‫‪(Be) going to‬‬ ‫اجلسالوصن(‪)Which/whom‬‬
‫●حزوف اجلز ال تضبل إال ضىريى‬
‫‪ ‬حؼبرياث انخُبيّ حؼخرب دنيم‬ ‫‪When‬‬ ‫مستقبل مستمر ‪‬‬
‫!‪watch out!/Be careful!/look out!/take care‬‬ ‫‪While‬‬ ‫)‪(Will be+V-ing‬‬
‫إضِ عاقٌ‬ ‫‪Whom‬‬
‫حسف دس‬
‫‪Ex/ watch out! The car is going to hit you.‬‬ ‫‪If/ until‬‬ ‫مستقبل تام ‪‬‬ ‫إضِ غري عاقٌ‬ ‫‪Which‬‬
‫‪By the time‬‬ ‫)‪(Will have+P.P‬‬
‫●ولتعسف حسف اجلس‪ ,‬إىكل اإلسه املىجىد قبل اليكط بعد‬
‫③شمً املضازع املستنس‬ ‫‪1-As soon As he gets money, He is going to‬‬
‫‪buy a car.‬‬
‫الفعل بعد اليكط وحاول أٌ تعسف ما حسف اجلس الياقص‬
‫‪1-This is the man……….I told you.‬‬
‫انخكٕيٍ‬
‫‪2-I will travel after I get my passport.‬‬
‫‪(am-is-are) + V-ing‬‬ ‫‪a- for which‬‬ ‫‪b-about whom‬‬
‫‪3-By the time he comes, I will have finished‬‬
‫‪‬االسخخذاو‪① :‬يؼرب ػٍ حشحيباث يسخقبهيت بًؼُى‬ ‫‪my homework.‬‬
‫‪c- about who‬‬ ‫‪d- for whom‬‬

‫احخار قشاس ثى َأخز خطٕة نخُفيزِ‪.‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫②‪ -‬حرف ضنائس الىصل‬
‫‪Ex/ He is flying to Alex. He's got the tickets.‬‬
‫‪‬انكهًاث ٔانخؼبرياث املسخخذيت‪:‬‬ ‫‪:‬‬
‫❹ ‪UNIT‬‬ ‫ال‬ ‫><‬ ‫"‪4‬‬
‫‪I‬‬ ‫● حترف ضنائس الىصل إذا كاىت فى حمل مفعىل دوٌ تأثري‬
‫على فعل اجلنلة‪ ,‬أما إذا كاٌ ضنري الىصل فى حمل فاعل ‪,‬‬
‫|‪:‬‬
‫فًخرف ٍى والفعل املبيى للنعلىو ويىضع (‪)V-ing‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪; -‬‬
‫‪٠‬‬ ‫‪,‬‬ ‫‪1٠٠‬‬

‫‪Prepare/arrange/set/I've an appointment‬‬
‫أو حيرف ٍى والفعل املبيى للنجَىل ويىضع (‪)P.P‬‬
‫الحظ‪  :‬إنغاء املٕاػيذ مليؼاد آخش يؼخرب حشحيب‪.‬‬ ‫ضنائس الىصل‪Relative Pronouns :‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬
‫‪I can't meet you tomorrow. I'm visiting Ali.‬‬
‫‪Who‬‬ ‫حيذف بال تأثري فعن‪+‬فاعن‬
‫فاعن عاقن ‪1-‬‬ ‫‪Who/ That‬‬ ‫فعــن‬ ‫‪Which‬‬
‫‪ = V-ing‬فعن وبنى لمىعموً ‪Whom‬‬
‫④شمً املضازع البسًط‬ ‫‪I know the man who stole the money.‬‬
‫‪H‬‬ ‫‪That‬‬ ‫‪ = P.P‬فعن وبنى لمىحووه‬
‫‪2-‬‬ ‫عاقن‬ ‫وفعوه‬ ‫‪Who/ That‬‬ ‫فاعن‬ ‫‪who a car hit… = Ali a car hit….‬‬
‫انخكٕيٍ‬
‫جمع‪I/We/You/They/‬‬ ‫‪V‬‬ ‫‪Ali‬‬
‫مفزد‪He/She/It/‬‬ ‫‪V+s/es‬‬ ‫‪Whom‬‬ ‫‪The boy who plays… = Playing‬‬

‫‪ I saw the boy who(m) Ali hit yesterday.‬االسخخذاو‪① :‬يؼرب ػٍ يٕاػيذ ثابخت بجذٔل صيُى‬ ‫‪The boy who was helped = helped‬‬

‫يثم يٕاػيذ انقطاساث ٔانطائشاث ٔاملساسح ٔانبُٕك‬

‫‪3-‬‬ ‫غري‬ ‫‪Which‬‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫فعن ‪ /‬فاعن‬
‫③‪ -‬حاالت خاصــ‪١‬‬
‫ٔانسيًُا ٔاألفالو ٔانخهيفضيٌٕ ٔانذسٔط‪.....‬‬ ‫عاقن‬ ‫‪That‬‬ ‫❶تطتددّ (‪ )That‬فكط إذا ضبكت بايهًُات‪:‬‬
‫‪Ex/ The train leaves at 7:00 tomorrow‬‬
‫‪The book which I bought, was exciting. ●None / only / all /‬‬
‫‪ Give me the pen that is on the table.‬الحظ‪  :‬ػادة يسخخذو ْزا انضيٍ يغ األفؼال‪:‬‬ ‫ص‪ٝ‬ؼ ايتفط‪ ٌٝ‬ايعً‪ٝ‬ا َع اضِ غري ايعاقٌ●‬
‫‪Leave/arrive/ take off/ land / close/ open‬‬
‫إصي والك ‪4-‬‬
‫‪D‬‬ ‫‪Whose‬‬ ‫)‪ ●many/ few/ much/ little/ every(thing‬إصي ممموك‬
‫‪start / finish / is‬‬
‫)‪●some(thing)/ any(thing)/ no(thing‬‬
‫‪I visited Ali whose car was stolen.‬‬ ‫‪●I lent her all the money that she needed.‬‬
‫⑤شمً املستكبل املستنس‬ ‫‪ Where‬وكان ‪5-‬‬ ‫‪ ●The fox is the cleverest animal that I‬مجمة تبدأ بفاعن‬
‫انخكٕيٍ‬
‫‪have ever seen.‬‬
‫‪Will/May + Be + V-ing‬‬ ‫‪‬فعن حيتاج حزف جز‬ ‫❷ال تطتددّ (‪ )That‬ف‪ ٢‬اجلًُ‪ ١‬بني ايفاصًتني‪:‬‬
‫‪‬االسخخذاو‪① :‬يعرب عن حدث صيكون وضتىز أثناء فرتة‬ ‫‪Which‬‬
‫)‪ ●The book, which I bought,…(not that‬حزف اجلز يكون وضترت‬
‫‪That‬‬
‫حمددة فى املضتكبن أو يكطعى حدث آخز فى املضتكبن و وع‬ ‫❸تطتددّ (‪ )Which‬إذا نإ ضُري اي‪ٛ‬صٌ ‪ٜ‬ع‪ٛ‬د‬
‫األحداث املضتكبمية احملددة بزوتني وعتاد‪.‬‬ ‫ٖر‪ٙ‬‬ ‫أحد‬ ‫‪ٜ‬تخكل‬ ‫مل‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫عً‪ ٢‬اجلًُ‪ ١‬ناًَ‪:١‬‬
‫‪Ex/ I will be working at 7:00 tomorrow‬‬ ‫ْطتددّ‬ ‫ايػس‪ٚ‬ط‬ ‫‪●He came first, which made his‬‬
‫‪ ①Cairo, which is the capital, is crowded.‬الحظ‪  :‬ػادة يسخخذو ْزا انضيٍ يغ‪:‬‬ ‫‪parents very happy.‬‬
‫فى ٍره اجلنلة‪ ,‬بدأت اجلنلة بعد ضنري الىصل بفعل ولًس فاعل ‪ / (all+ tomorrow/next‬مستقبم ‪From…to +‬‬ ‫تأت‪ ٢‬ف‪ ٢‬أ‪ ٍٚ‬اجلًُ‪١‬‬
‫)‪week..) /(at…+ tomorrow/next week..‬‬ ‫‪②Cairo, which I like/ visit, is crowded.‬‬ ‫‪What‬‬
‫‪ٜ‬طبك٘ فعٌ أ‪ ٚ‬ضُري ‪ٚ‬ي‪ٝ‬ظ اضِ‬
‫فى ٍره اجلنلة‪ ,‬فعل اجلنلة ال حيتاج حسف جس (‪)like/visit‬‬
‫⑥شمً املستكبل التاو‬ ‫‪③Cairo, which I was born in, is crowded.‬‬
‫فى ٍره اجلنلة‪ ,‬حسف اجلس مىجىد وغري مسترت (‪)in‬‬ ‫=‪Why‬‬ ‫تأت‪ ٢‬قبً٘ نًُ‪reason ١‬‬
‫‪For which‬‬
‫‪Will + Have + P.P‬‬ ‫‪ ④Cairo, where I live, is crowded.‬انخكٕيٍ‬ ‫أ‪ٜ ٚ‬طبك٘ فعٌ ‪ٚ‬تفِٗ باملعٓ‪٢‬‬
‫فى ٍره اجلنلة‪ ,‬حتككت كل الشسوط‪ ,‬اجلنلة بدأت بفاعل (‪)I‬‬
‫املبُى نهًجٕٓل ‪+Will have +Been+ P.P‬يفؼٕل‬
‫وفعل اجلنلة حيتاج حسف جس(‪ )in‬وحسف اجلس مسترت ‪.‬‬
‫و)‬ ‫‪2‬‬

UNIT ❺ _ "
. -
Distributives :‫ألفــاظ التىشيـع‬
❶- All: (‫ع‬ٝ‫ مج‬/ ٌ‫)ثالثة أو أكثر( )ن‬
+ ‫عد‬ٜ ‫ اضِ ال‬ ‫فعٌ َفسد‬
All (of)
+ ‫ اضِ مجـع‬ ‫فعٌ مجـع‬
●All Mona’s money is at home.
●All the books were new.
Of
The/My/a.. :‫الشّ بعدٖا ذلددات‬
Of ٍٛ‫ بعدٖا ضُري َفع‬ٛ‫الشّ تطتددّ ي‬
You-them-us
●All children. (Not: all of children)
●All of Them. (Not: all them)= They all
❷- Both: (َٔ ً‫)جمموعة من إثنني( )نال‬
Both (of) + ‫ اضِ مجـع‬ ‫فعٌ مجـع‬
●Both (of) Ali's parents are abroad.
 Both…….and 
●Both Omar and Ahmed are my friends.
The/My/a.. :‫الشّ بعدٖا ذلددات‬
Of ٍٛ‫ بعدٖا ضُري َفع‬ٛ‫الشّ تطتددّ ي‬
You-them-us
●Both cars. (Not: Both of cars)
●Both of us. (Not: Both us)= We both
‫ أى يأتى بعدٍا‬,‫) كضنري فاعل‬Both( ّ‫●ميهٔ إٔ ْطتدد‬
)of( ‫فعل (وفى ٍره احلالة ال ْطتددّ معَا‬
●I met Ali and Omar. Both were happy.
❸- Half: (‫)ْصف‬
+ ‫عد‬ٜ ‫ ال‬ٚ‫ اضِ َفسد أ‬ ‫فعٌ َفسد‬
Half (of)
+ ‫ اضِ مجـع‬ ‫فعٌ مجـع‬
●Half (of) the book is boring.
●Half (of) my friends have cars.
●Half (of) the cheese is on the table.
The/My/a.. :‫الشّ بعدٖا ذلددات‬
Of
ٍٛ‫ بعدٖا ضُري َفع‬ٛ‫الشّ تطتددّ ي‬
You-them-us
١ُٝ‫ال تطتددّ َع تعبريات ايه‬
)of( ٕٚ‫ بد‬١ُٝ‫تطتددّ َع تعبريات ايه‬
Half (an hour/a kilo/a metre/….)
Half
: ‫الحغ ايتعبري ايتاىل‬
 ‫ عدد‬+ and a half + ‫اضِ مجع‬
We lived in Cairo for one and
a half years.
❹- Each / Every: (‫ َفسد‬+ ٌ‫)ن‬
Each
+ ‫ اضِ َفسد‬ ‫فعٌ َفسد‬
Every
Each (one) of + ‫ اضِ مجـع‬ ‫فعٌ َفسد‬
Every one of
●Each new day is different
●Every car in the city causes pollution.
●Each (one) / Every one of the boys was
given a book.
‫وط‬:
?
)Every( ‫) و‬Each( ‫ايفسم بني‬
 Each 
 Neither….Nor…: ...‫ال‬ٚ ...‫ ال‬
‫تبع‬ٜ ‫ فإٕ ايفعٌ بعدٖا‬,‫إذا زبطت بني فاعًني‬
:)‫ (األقسب‬٢ْ‫ايفاعٌ ايجا‬
:)of( ‫① تطتددّ بعدٖا‬
●Neither Ali nor the kids were ill.
 Each of + ‫اضِ مجع ذلدد‬+ ‫فعٌ َفسد‬
١ٝ‫ املٓف‬١ًُ‫ اجل‬٢ً‫ ع‬١‫افك‬ًُٛ‫) ي‬Neither( ّ‫●تطتدد‬
>
●Each of my parents was abroad.
:‫ٕ نايتاىل‬ٛ‫تته‬ٚ :)ً‫طا‬ٜ‫ال أْا أ‬ٚ( ٢ٓ‫مبع‬
:٠‫ حد‬٢ً‫ ع‬١‫ع‬ُٛ‫ اجمل‬٢‫② تػري إىل نٌ فسد ف‬
●Each student sang a song. Neither + ‫ فعٌ َطاعد َجبت‬+ ٌ‫فاع‬
(‫)كل واحد غنى أغنية مختلفة‬ ●A: Ali doesn't play. B: Neither do I.
:‫ إثٓني‬١‫ع‬ُٛ‫③ تػري إىل إٔ عدد أفساد اجمل‬
UNIT ❻ < <:
●Each of my parents has a car.
:‫ف‬ٚ‫ قبًٗا ايعس‬٢‫أت‬ٜ ‫③ ال‬
4 r
Ir ( ‫ا‬
(Nearly / almost/single/ Not)
So/ Such/ Enough/ Too
>
●Not each  ●Nearly each 
ٛ‫ي‬ٚ / )ٌ‫ فع‬ٙ‫④ ميهٔ إٔ تطتددّ نطُري (بعد‬
ٔ‫ممه‬ٚ / ‫ بعدٖا فعٌ مجع‬٢‫أت‬ٜ ‫ضبكت بإضِ مجع‬ So + ‫ ظسف‬/١‫ صف‬+ That + ١ً‫مج‬
:١ًُ‫ آخس اجل‬٢‫تطتددّ ف‬
●There are 2 rooms. Each is different.
●The girls each have been married.
●I gave the boys one Dollar each.
r
The cake is so nice that I'll eat it all.
So+ Much/Little + ‫عد‬ٜ ‫ اضِ ال‬+ That
So+ Many/Few + ‫ اضِ مجع‬+ That
I have so many pens.
 Every  I have so little money.
●Every of…. :)of( ‫① ال تطتددّ بعدٖا‬
a/an+ ١‫ صف‬+ ‫عد‬ٜ ‫اضِ َفسد‬
:) All= ( ٌ‫ نه‬١‫ع‬ُٛ‫② تػري إىل اجمل‬ Such+ That
●Every student sang the song.
١‫ صفـ‬+ ‫ مجـع‬/ ‫عد‬ٜ ‫اضِ ال‬
(‫)كل التالميذ غنوا أغنية واحدة‬ He is such a tall boy that….
:‫ أنجس‬ٚ‫ أ‬١‫ ثالث‬١‫ع‬ُٛ‫③ تػري إىل إٔ عدد أفساد اجمل‬ They are such good girls that….
It is such expensive furniture that….
●Every player must attend the training
:‫ف‬ٚ‫ قبًٗا ايعس‬٢‫أت‬ٜ④
cSuch+ a lot of + ‫عد‬ٜ ‫ال‬/ ‫عد‬ٜ ِ‫اض‬+ That
(Nearly / almost/single/ Not)
●Not Every... ●Almost Every...
٢‫ال تطتددّ ف‬ٚ / )ٌ‫ فع‬ٙ‫⑤ ال تطتددّ نطُري (بعد‬
●Every was… :١ًُ‫آخس اجل‬
I have such a lot of money/ books.
‫ ظسف‬/١‫ صف‬+ Enough to + ‫َصدز‬
)Enough( ‫) بعد‬For+ ٍٛ‫●ميهٔ اضتدداّ (َفع‬
:>
»
:‫ يًتهساز‬١َٝٓ‫ ⑥ تطتددّ َع ايفرتات ايص‬This puzzle is easy enough for a child
●Every (10 minutes / day/ 2 months..) to solve.
❺- Either: (‫اً َُٓٗا‬ٜ‫)جمموعة من إثنني( )أ‬ Too + ١٦ٝ‫ ض‬١‫ صفــ‬+ To + ‫َصـدز‬
Either + ‫ اضِ َفسد‬ ‫فعٌ َفسد‬
:ً‫طا‬ٜ‫) َعٗا أ‬For+ ٍٛ‫●ميهٔ اضتدداّ (َفع‬
Either of +‫ ضُري‬/‫اضِ مجع‬‫ مجع‬ٚ‫فعٌ َفسد أ‬ This book's too boring for me to read
●Either book has the data you want.
●Either of her parents is (are) helpful.
 Either….Or…: ...ٚ‫ أ‬...‫ إَا‬
UNIT ❼&❽
< <:
ٌ‫تبع ايفاع‬ٜ ‫ فإٕ ايفعٌ بعدٖا‬,‫إذا زبطت بني فاعًني‬
:)‫ (األقسب‬٢ْ‫ايجا‬ Passive :ٍٛ‫ يًُذٗــ‬٢ٓ‫املب‬
●Either Ali or his friends are going to )ٍٛ‫َفع‬+Be+ P.P( َٔ ٍٛٗ‫ يًُذ‬٢ٓ‫ٕ املب‬ٛ‫ته‬ٜ●
come. ‫انفعم جمع ألن انفاعم انثاوً جمع‬
٠‫ حطب نٌ شَٔ َع َساعا‬٢ً‫) ع‬Be( ‫تصسف‬ٚ
)ً‫طا‬ٜ‫ (أ‬٢ٓ‫ مبع‬١ًُ‫ اجل‬١ٜ‫ ْٗا‬٢‫) ف‬Either( ّ‫●تطتدد‬
●He didn't travel. I didn’t either. (َ‫)أيضا‬
:َٔ‫ َع نٌ ش‬١َ‫ايهًُات املطتدد‬
‫ٍ املطازع‬ٛ‫َفع‬+ (am-is-are) + P.P
❻- Neither: (‫ َُٓٗا‬٣‫ال أ‬ٚ) (‫)جمموعة من إثنني‬ ‫ط‬ٝ‫ ايبط‬Usually/always/sometimes
often /rarely/every day…
Neither + ‫َفسد‬ ِ‫اض‬  ‫َفسد‬ ٌ‫فع‬ These goods are sold every day.
Neither +‫ ضُري‬/‫اضِ مجع‬‫ مجع‬ٚ‫فعٌ َفسد أ‬
ٍٛ‫َفع‬+(am-is-are)+Being + P.P
of ‫ املطازع‬At the moment/ now/ still/
‫ املطتُس‬at the present time/currently
●Neither answer is correct.
●Neither of my parents was/were at home Look! / Listen!
Currently, my car is being repaired.
) of • 3
 ٍٛ‫ َفع‬+ (Was/Were)+ P.P
٢‫ املاض‬Yesterday/last (week..)/ ago/ once
UNIT ❾ -
r
:
:١ًُ‫ اجل‬١َٓ‫ ايتعاٌَ َع أش‬-
‫ط‬ٝ‫ ايبط‬the other day/ in the past/in 1989 ٍٛ‫ حت‬, ٢‫اع َاض‬ٛ‫ٍ خازج األق‬ٛ‫①إذا نإ فعٌ ايك‬
when I was/ how long ago..? .٢‫ املاض‬٠‫ز‬ٛ‫اع يص‬ٛ‫ داخٌ األق‬١َٓ‫األش‬
My homework was done last night.
 Causative :١ٝ‫ ايطبب‬١ً‫ مج‬
1-He said that he……. Tired.
٢‫ٍ املاض‬ٛ‫َفع‬+(Was/Were)+ Being+ P.P :‫ّ) نايتاىل‬ًٛ‫ يًُع‬٢ٓ‫ املب‬١‫ػ‬ٝ‫ ص‬٢‫ٕ (ف‬ٛ‫●تته‬ a- has been b- had been
‫ املطتُس‬While/ as/just as/ at + ً‫فتزة ماض‬ ٍٛ‫ املفع‬+ Have+ ٌ‫ٍ عاق‬ٛ‫ َفع‬+ ‫املصـدز‬
c- will be d- is being
I waited while my car was being fixed. ١َٝٓ‫ ش‬٠‫ فطتذد إغاز‬,٢‫②إذا نإ ٖٓاى أنجس َٔ َاض‬
ً٘‫ ألد‬+ Get + ٌ‫ٍ عاق‬ٛ‫ َفع‬+ To + ‫املصـدز‬ :َٔ‫ضح ايص‬ٛٝ‫ ض‬٢ٓ‫ املع‬ٚ‫ أ‬,‫ شَٔ َعني‬٢ً‫ ع‬١‫داي‬
‫ٍ املطازع‬ٛ‫َفع‬+(Have/Has)+ Been+ P.P َٔ‫) طبكاً يًص‬Have/get( ٍ‫ف األفعا‬ٜ‫ تصس‬١‫●َع َالحع‬ ●Then ‫ املطتُس‬٢‫املاض‬
/ّ‫ ايتا‬Since/For/ just/lately/recently/ :١َ‫ايهًُات املطتدد‬ٚ ١ًُ‫ اجل‬٢‫املطتددّ ف‬ ●at the moment Was/Were+ V-ing
‫ املطتُس‬Already/ever/never/ yet/ so far/ ●Ali is having a mechanic fix the car now ●The day before
Over+ ‫ فتزة‬/ It's the first time ‫ املطتُس‬/ّ‫ ايتا‬٢‫املاض‬
●Ali is getting a mechanic to fix the car. ●The previous…
The dishes haven't been washed yet. Had+ P.P
:‫ٍ) نايتاىل‬ٛٗ‫ يًُذ‬٢ٓ‫ املب‬١‫ػ‬ٝ‫ ص‬٢‫ٕ (ف‬ٛ‫●تته‬ ●Earlier
٢‫ٍ املاض‬ٛ‫ َفع‬+ Had + Been + P.P Had+ been+ V-ing
●Since/For
/ّ‫ ايتا‬After/ As soon As/ When/ until/ ٍٛ‫ املفع‬+ Have
ٌ‫ٍ غري عاق‬ٛ‫َفع‬ + P.P ●Promised.. ●Would + ‫املصدز‬
‫ املطتُس‬Before/ By the time/ By+ ً‫ ألدً٘ فتزة ماض‬+ Get ●The next ●Was/Were going
Before I came, the car had been bought. ●Ali has/ gets his car fixed by a mechanic ●The following.. to + ‫املصدز‬
: ١ًُ‫ ايطؤاٍ ْطتددّ ايفعٌ املطاعد يصَٔ اجل‬١‫ حاي‬٢‫●ف‬ ●the day after ●Was/Were+ V-ing
ٍٛ‫ َفع‬+ ‫ ايفعٌ ايٓاقص‬+ Be + P.P ●When does Ali have his car fixed?
ٍ‫ األفعا‬Must/May/should/might/could 2-Hagar said that she…………her
)٘‫ (غب‬can/ought to/ will/ would/ have to ●When has Ali got his car fixed? homework the night before.
١‫( ايٓاقص‬be)going to/ 'd rather/ used to/ )V+ing(ٍ‫ َٔ ا‬١ٝ‫ ايطبب‬١‫ػ‬ٝ‫ٔ ص‬ٜٛ‫●يته‬
a- does b- was doing
Need to / had better… ) To + ‫ٓٗا َٔ ( املصدز‬ٜٛ‫يته‬ٚ )Having)ّ‫ْطتدد‬ c- had done d- did
My room is going to be cleaned. :)To have( ّ‫ْطتدد‬ :١ٝ‫ احلاالت ايتاي‬٢‫اع ف‬ٛ‫ داخٌ األق‬١َٓ‫ٍ األش‬ٛ‫③ال حن‬
:‫كتني‬ٜ‫ٍ بطس‬ٛٗ‫ يًُذ‬٢ٓ‫ايتفهري تب‬ٚ ٍٛ‫أفعاٍ ايك‬ She likes cleaning her house. .ٌ‫ َطتكب‬/‫اع َطازع‬ٛ‫ٍ خازج األق‬ٛ‫●إذا نإ فعٌ ايك‬
►She likes having her house cleaned.
‫يهٔ ذنس‬ٚ ٢‫اع َاض‬ٛ‫ٍ خازج األق‬ٛ‫●إذا نإ فعٌ ايك‬
①It + ٍٛٗ‫ يًُذ‬٢ٓ‫ َب‬+ (that)+ ٌ‫ فاع‬+ ٌ‫…فع‬.
‫ل‬ She'd like to clean her house.
►She'd like to have her house cleaned ٌ‫ إٔ ايفع‬٢ً‫ تدٍ ع‬٢‫ ايت‬١ٝ‫َع٘ أحد ايهًُات ايتاي‬
It is known that Ali plays well. .٠‫ قصري‬٠‫حدخ َٓر فرت‬

②ٌ‫ فاع‬+ ٍٛٗ‫ يًُذ‬٢ٓ‫ َب‬+

To+ ‫َصدز‬ UNIT ❿➀➁
-
« ‫ل‬
(Just now/ a (short time)moment ago)
١‫ك‬ٝ‫اع تعرب عٔ حك‬ٛ‫ داخٌ األق‬١ًُ‫●إذا ناْت اجل‬
To+ have +P.P .٠‫ عادات َتهسز‬ٚ‫ أ‬١ًُٝ‫ع‬
T
Ali is known to play well.  ‫غري املباغس‬ٚ ‫ ايهالّ املباغس‬ .١‫ايجايج‬ٚ ١ْٝ‫ايجا‬ٚ ١ٜ‫) ايصفس‬If( ‫●َع حاالت‬
He was thought to have committed 3-Ali has just told Ahmed that
a crime yesterday. ١ٜ‫ اخلرب‬١ًُ‫ اجل‬-① he….. his homework .
ٛ‫طاً ي‬ٜ‫ٍ أ‬ٛٗ‫ يًُذ‬٢ٓ‫تب‬ٜ ١ًُ‫ َٔ اجل‬٢ْ‫●ممهٔ ايٓصف ايجا‬ a- did b- has done
:ٍٛ‫ ايتعاٌَ َع فعٌ ايك‬- c- had done d- was doing
:ٌ‫ بٗرا ايػه‬, ٢ٓ‫تطًب املع‬ 4-The teacher said that New York…....
To + Be + P.P Told+ ٍٛ‫َفع‬ said : ٍٛ‫ بعدٖا َفع‬٢‫أت‬ٜ ‫ال‬ bigger than Cairo.
②ٌ‫ فاع‬+ ٍٛٗ‫ يًُذ‬٢ٓ‫َب‬+ a- was b- is being
To+have been+P.P said to + ٍٛ‫ َفع‬: ‫ٕ َباغس‬ٛ‫ه‬ٜ ّ‫يهٔ ايهال‬ c- has been d- is
Ali is known to be helped by his friend. 1-Ali……….. they will help if they can.
a- said b- say c- says
Ali was known to have been attacked by 2-My daughter……….. her teacher had
d- tells ١َٝ‫ اإلضتفٗا‬١ًُ‫ اجل‬-②
thieves last week. given her a reward that day. :ٍٛ‫ ايتعاٌَ َع فعٌ ايك‬-
 ‫ َالحعات‬ a- agreed b- told
c- said d- complained Asked+ ٍٛ‫ٕ َفع‬ٚ‫ بد‬ٚ‫ٍ أ‬ٛ‫َفع‬
‫ بعدٖا‬٢‫أت‬ٜ )make/see/hear/help( ١ٝ‫●األفعاٍ ايتاي‬ Wondered/Inquired/ had no idea
ٍٛٗ‫ يًُذ‬٤‫يهٔ عٓد ايبٓا‬ٚ ,)to( ٕٚ‫ٍ ثِ َصدز بد‬ٛ‫ َفع‬,ٍ‫ األفعا‬ٙ‫ٍ أحد ٖر‬ٛ‫ٕ فعٌ ايك‬ٛ‫ه‬ٜ ٕ‫َٔ املُهٔ أ‬ wanted to know / + ٍٛ‫ٕ َفع‬ٚ‫بد‬
:)to( ّ‫تطتدد‬ :)That + ١ً‫ (مجـ‬ٚ‫) أ‬To +inf( ِٖ‫ بعد‬٢‫أت‬ٜٚ 1-He.........how many cakes I had eaten
the previous day.
Her mother made him clean the room. Promised-offered-advised-threatened- a) wanted to know b) inquires
 He was made to clean his room. refused-reminded-agreed-decided…
c) asks d) told
ِٖ‫ بعد‬٢‫أت‬ٜٚ ,ٍ‫ األفعا‬ٙ‫ٍ أحد ٖر‬ٛ‫ٕ فعٌ ايك‬ٛ‫ه‬ٜ ٚ‫أ‬ :‫ ايسبط‬٠‫ ايتعاٌَ َع آدا‬-
)being+ P.P( ّ‫) ْطتدد‬V+ ing(‫ ب‬١‫ع‬ٛ‫●األفعاٍ املتب‬
Recommended :)That+ ١ً‫ (مجـ‬ٚ‫) أ‬V-ing( :‫ بـ‬١َٝ‫ اإلضتفٗا‬١ًُ‫●ْسبط اجل‬
ٍٛ‫) حت‬to+ inf( ‫ ب‬١‫ع‬ٛ‫املتب‬ٚ ٍٛٗ‫ يًُذ‬٢ٓ‫ٌ يًُب‬ٜٛ‫عٓد ايتخ‬
Denied-admitted-suggest/ apologized for ●(If / Whether / ّ‫ اإلضتفٗا‬٠‫)آدا‬
:)To be + P.P( ‫إىل‬
:(If & Whether ) : ‫●ايفسم بني‬
I hate people deceiving me. → 3-He admitted .......... his brother's watch.
I hate being deceived. a) will break b) break .)or( ‫ بعدٖا‬٤‫) إذا دا‬Whether( ّ‫ٌ إىل اضتددا‬ٝ‫من‬
c) breaking d) had broken
I want people to respect me. → 4-He……………..that he had stolen his 2-We asked..........her dog was friendly
I want to be respected. father's money. or dangerous.
ٔ‫ ممه‬,ٍٛٗ‫ يًُذ‬٢ٓ‫ بعدٖا فعٌ َب‬ٛ‫صٌ ي‬ٛ‫س اي‬٥‫●ضُا‬ a) said to b) admitted a) that b) whether
c) persuaded d) promised c) how long d) what
:)P.P( ‫ضع‬ٚٚ ‫حرفٗا‬ 5-Mary………..Jane for not going to her 3-Sarah asked.........we wanted to have
Novels written (= which were written) by wedding for lunch.
Yahia Haqqi, were very interesting a) suggested b) denied a) that b) what
c) blamed d) complained c) why d) whether

4
 ¥ 3
‫اع‬ٛ‫ داخٌ األق‬١ًُ‫ب اجل‬ٝ‫تسن‬ٚ َٔ‫ايتعاٌَ َع ش‬
:‫ٌ نايتاىل‬ٜٛ‫ بعد ايتخ‬١َٝ‫ اإلضتفٗا‬١ًُ‫ٕ اجل‬ٛ‫تته‬
-
UNIT➂
IT
_ "
. -
il
Go on
To +inf
V+ ing
‫ٓتكٌ إىل‬ٜ
٧‫ فعٌ ايػ‬٢‫طتُس ف‬ٜ
If ,٢‫ املاض‬١َٓ‫ أش‬٢‫فعٌ ف‬ To +inf ٕ‫ٍ داٖدًا أ‬ٚ‫حيا‬
Whether + ٌ‫ فاعــ‬+ ٠‫َاعدا احلاالت ايػاذ‬  Gerund & Infinitive  Try
V+ ing ١‫ذ‬ٝ‫ ايٓت‬٣‫س‬ٜٚ ‫جيسب‬
ّ‫ اإلضتفٗا‬٠‫آدا‬ ً‫ ضابكا‬٠‫ز‬ٛ‫املرن‬ :)to+ inf( ‫تبعٗا‬ٜ ‫تعبريات‬ٚ ٍ‫ أفعا‬١‫ع‬ُٛ‫ دل‬-
)To(ٕٚ‫تبعٗا املصدز فكط بد‬ٜ ‫تعبريات‬ٚ ٍ‫أفعا‬-
Agree ‫افل‬ٜٛ Hope ٌَ‫أ‬ٜ
1-They asked if .............Toronto before. Let + ٍٛ‫َفع‬+ ‫َصدز‬ ‫طُح يـ‬ٜ
a) had we visited b) we have visited arrange ‫ستب‬ٜ Intend ٣ٜٛٓ
Make + ٍٛ‫َفع‬+ ‫َصدز‬ ٌ‫جيع‬
c) we had visited d) have we visited Advise ‫ٓصح‬ٜ Learn ًِ‫تع‬ٜ
Would rather ٕ‫َٔ األفطٌ أ‬
2-The judge asked Karam how long......... Allow ‫طُح‬ٜ Manage َٔ ٔ‫تُه‬ٜ
the accused. Had better ٕ‫ أ‬٢‫ٓبػ‬ٜ
Decide ‫كسز‬ٜ Offer ‫عسض‬ٜ
a) he is knowing b) he was knowing
‫قع‬ٛ‫ت‬ٜ Plan ‫خيطط يـ‬ Help + ٍٛ‫َفع‬+ (to)‫َصدز‬ ‫طاعد‬ٜ
c) he would know d) he had known Expect
‫اع‬ٛ‫احل‬ٚ ‫ايتًُو‬ٚ ‫املػاعس‬ٚ ‫●ال تٓظ إٔ أفعاٍ ايتفهري‬ Promise ‫عد‬ٜ Refuse ‫سفض‬ٜ ‫) إذا‬to+ inf(‫ٗا‬ًٜٝ ١ٝ‫ األفعاٍ ايتاي‬:١‫ َالحع‬-
.‫ اإلضتُساز‬١َٓ‫ أش‬٢‫ال تطتددّ ف‬
Want ‫د‬ٜ‫س‬ٜ Prepare ‫ُعد‬ٜ ‫ أَا‬,ٍٛٗ‫ يًُذ‬١ٝٓ‫ ناْت َب‬ٚ‫ٍ أ‬ٛ‫ بعدٖا َفع‬٤‫دا‬
:)V+ ing( ‫ٍ تتبع بـ‬ٛ‫ بعدٖا َفع‬٢‫أت‬ٜ ‫إذا مل‬
3-The policeman asked me if………..my afford ‫تخٌُ ْفكات‬ٜ attempt ٍٚ‫حيا‬
Suggest ‫كرتح‬ٜ Advise ‫ٓصح‬ٜ
driving license. It's + ١‫ صف‬+ to +inf..
a) I had( ‫ألن أصهها كان‬do you have) b) had The first/The last/ the only + to +inf Allow ‫طُح يـ‬ٜ Recommend ‫ ب‬٢‫ص‬ٜٛ
c) I have d) I had had Would(like/love/prefer/hate)+ to+ inf Permit ‫طُح يـ‬ٜ encourage ‫ػذع‬ٜ
4-He asked me just now if.......the football ‫ميٓع‬
:)V+ ing( ‫تبعٗا‬ٜ ‫تعبريات‬ٚ ٍ‫ أفعا‬١‫ع‬ُٛ‫ دل‬- Forbid
match on channel 2.
a) I will watch b) will I watch Admit ‫عرتف ب‬ٜ Spend ٢‫كط‬ٜ He advised buying a new car.
c) I watching d) I would watch Avoid ‫تذٓب‬ٜ Put off ٌ‫ؤد‬ٜ He advised me to buy a new car.
I was advised to buy a new car.
٠‫ غري َباغس‬١ً‫) مج‬can/could you tell me ( ‫ ●بعد‬Enjoy ‫طتُتع ب‬ٜ postpone ٌ‫ؤد‬ٜ -x »
*٠٠٠
.‫ يهٔ فعًٗا َطازع‬Mind ‫ مياْع‬Practise ‫ميازع‬
5-Can you tell me where………….? Deny ‫ٓهس‬ٜ Keep ٌ‫اص‬ٜٛ
UNIT ➃
a) the manager is b) is the manager :
c) was the manager d) the manager was Quit
‫رتى‬ٜ/ٔ‫كًع ع‬ٜ Finish ٢ٜٗٓ
6-He…… if he was ill, he'd see a doctor. Look forward to ‫تطًع يـ‬ٜ ①-Necessity :٠‫ز‬ٚ‫ايطس‬/ّ‫اإليصا‬
a) asked b) said (Be) (get) used to ٢ً‫عتاد ع‬ٜ
c) told d) ordered
))‫ املطازع ((جيب‬٢‫ ف‬٠‫ز‬ٚ‫ايطس‬ٚ ّ‫اإليصا‬
In addition to ‫ يـ‬١‫باإلضاف‬
Must+ ‫َصدز‬ Need to+ ‫َصدز‬
١‫ـ‬ٜ‫ األَس‬١ًُ‫ اجل‬-③ Thanks to / Due to/Owing to ٌ‫بفط‬
Have/Has to+ ‫َصدز‬
(Be) opposed to ‫عازض يـ‬ٜ
:‫ ايسبط‬٠‫ آدا‬/ ٍٛ‫ ايتعاٌَ َع فعٌ ايك‬- Have/Has got to + ‫َصدز‬
Object to ٢ً‫عرتض ع‬ٜ
:‫ إىل‬١ٜ‫ األَس‬١ًُ‫ اجل‬٢‫ٍ ف‬ٛ‫ٍ فعٌ ايك‬ٛ‫تخ‬ٜ
It's necessary for….to + ‫َصدز‬
Contribute to ٢‫طِٗ ف‬ٜ
Told-asked-invited-begged ))ٕ‫ادباً أ‬ٚ ‫ظ‬ٝ‫ املطازع ((ي‬٢‫ ف‬٠‫ز‬ٚ‫ْكص ايطس‬
(Be) worth ‫طتخل‬ٜ
ordered -advised-warned- + ٍٛ‫ َفع‬+ to (Don't/ Doesn't) have to+ ‫َصدز‬
(Be) busy ..٢‫ٍ ف‬ٛ‫ٕ َػػ‬ٛ‫ه‬ٜ
encouraged-expected- (not to)+inf (Don't/ Doesn't) need to+ ‫َصدز‬
Threatened-instructed It's no (good) (help) َٔ ٠‫د‬٥‫ال فا‬
Needn't + ‫َصدز‬
‫ُٓا‬ٝ‫ ب‬.١ٝ‫) يًُٓف‬Not to( ٚ ١‫ املجبت‬١ًُ‫) يًذ‬to( ‫ ●ْسبط ب‬It's no use َٔ ٠‫د‬٥‫ال فا‬
It isn't necessary for….to + ‫َصدز‬
‫) يألَس املباغس‬Don't +inf( ّ‫ تطتدد‬I feel like ٢‫ ف‬١‫أغعس بسغب‬
‫ ●الحغ ايتاىل‬Can't help/ stand ‫ع َٓع‬ٝ‫طتط‬ٜ ‫ال‬ )Have to( ٚ )Must( ‫ايفسم بني‬
+ V-ing Can't stand ٌُ‫تخ‬ٜ ‫ال‬ Have /Has to Must
Recommended + ٌ‫ فاع‬+ ‫َصدز‬
Suggested It's a waste of time ٍ‫املا‬/‫قت‬ًٛ‫ ي‬١‫ع‬ٝ‫اْٗا َط‬ ٢‫ تعرب عٔ إيصاّ خازد‬-1 ٢ً‫ تعرب عٔ إيصاّ داخ‬-1
+ ٌ‫ فاع‬+ Should+ ‫َصدز‬ (money)
٢‫ ف‬١‫ب‬ٛ‫جيد صع‬ )٢ً‫ أع‬١٦ٖٝ /١‫(ضًط‬ )‫(َػاعس املتخدخ‬
1-Her mother suggested that......... and see Have difficulty in
the doctor. ‫اْني بػهٌ خاص‬ٛ‫ايك‬-2 ّ‫اْني بػهٌ عا‬ٛ‫ايك‬-2
)To+inf( ٚ )V+ ing( ‫تبعٗا‬ٜ ٍ‫أفعا‬-
a) she go b) she goes :٢ٓ‫ املع‬٢‫بفسم ف‬ )٠‫(ألغداص ذلدد‬ )‫(يهٌ ايٓاع‬
c) her to go d) going ١ٜٛ‫ ايك‬١‫خ‬ٝ‫ يًٓص‬-3
2-The teacher.........him not to talk during Stop To +inf ٧‫فعٌ غ‬ٜ ٢‫قف يه‬ٛ‫ت‬ٜ
the test. V+ ing ٧‫قف عٔ فعٌ ايػ‬ٛ‫ت‬ٜ ٠‫ بػد‬٠ٛ‫ ايدع‬-4
a) offered b) instructed To +inf ٧‫فعٌ غ‬ٜ ٕ‫ أ‬ٞ‫ٓط‬ٜ ‫ ايترنري‬-5
c) said d) encouraged Forget 1-The museum is free. You……...pay
V+ ing ٧‫ٓط٘ أْ٘ فعٌ ايػ‬ٜ to get in.
3-He advised me .................her anything.
a) not to lend b) not lending To +inf ٧‫فعٌ غ‬ٜ ٕ‫ترنس أ‬ٜ a) don’t have to b) mustn’t
Remember c) can’t d) doesn’t need to
c) don’t lend d) didn’t lend V+ ing ٧‫ترنس أْ٘ فعٌ غ‬ٜ 2-Do you..........wear a uniform at your
4-She..................me to go to the party. To +inf ٧‫فعٌ غ‬ٝ‫أضف أْ٘ ض‬ٜ school?
a) complained b) advised Regret a) have got b) must
c) invited d) said V+ ing ٧‫ْادّ أْ٘ فعٌ ايػ‬
c) need d) have to

5
 Would
:‫ني‬ٝٓ‫) هلا َع‬Could have + P.P( ٕ‫الحغ أ‬ ❸If+ ّ‫ تا‬٢‫َاض‬ Could +Have+ P.P
))‫ ((نإ جيب‬٢‫ املاض‬٢‫ ف‬٠‫ز‬ٚ‫ايطس‬ٚ ّ‫اإليصا‬ :)ٕ‫ (نإ َٔ املُهٔ أ‬ٚ‫(زمبا نإ) أ‬
Had to+ ‫ َصدز‬Needed to + ‫َصدز‬ Had+P.P Might
1-Ali could have left his keys at home.
It was necessary for….to + ‫َصدز‬ 2-He could have done the job but he ٌٝ‫ َطتخ‬٤ٞ‫ يًتعبري عٔ غ‬١‫ احلاي‬ٙ‫تطتددّ ٖر‬
didn't (‫)كان مه انممكه أن‬ ٔ‫تعرب ع‬ٚ( ‫ ألْ٘ مت بػهٌ َعني‬٢‫ املاض‬٢‫خ ف‬ٚ‫احلد‬
))ٕ‫اً أ‬ٜ‫ز‬ٚ‫هٔ ضس‬ٜ ‫ ((مل‬٢‫ املاض‬٢‫ ف‬٠‫ز‬ٚ‫ْكص ايطس‬ :‫) َعٓاٖا‬Couldn't have + P.P( ‫ٗا‬ٝ‫ْف‬ٚ :)‫ايعتاب‬ٚ ّ‫ايٓد‬
Didn't have to+ ‫ َصدز‬ (٧‫فعٌ ايػ‬ٜ ‫)مل‬ )ٕ‫ٌ أ‬ٝ‫(نإ َٔ املطتخ‬
●If he had studied, he would have
Didn't need to+ ‫ َصدز‬ (٧‫فعٌ ايػ‬ٜ ‫)مل‬ ‫ٕ غهٌ اإلضتٓتاج نايتاىل‬ٛ‫ه‬ٜ ٕ‫َٔ املُهٔ أ‬ succeeded.
: ٌ‫ َج‬٢‫ تطتددّ َع نًُات املاض‬١‫ احلاي‬ٙ‫ ٖر‬
Needn't have +P.P  (٧‫)قاّ بفعٌ ايػ‬ :‫ اإلضتُساز‬٢ً‫ ع‬١‫يًدالي‬
(yesterday/last../ago…(
It wasn't necessary for….to + ‫َصدز‬ Must /May/Can't Be + V-ing
Might/Could Have been + V-ing
))‫ف جيب‬ٛ‫ املطتكبٌ ((ض‬٢‫ ف‬٠‫ز‬ٚ‫ايطس‬ٚ ّ‫اإليصا‬ ●He must have been studying all night. ②- ‫بدائـل حـاالت الشـسط‬
Must+ ‫َصدز‬ Will have to + ‫َصدز‬
Will need to + ‫َصدز‬ ②- ‫اليصًخــة واللــىو‬ ‫ٌ يهٌ احلاالت‬٥‫ بدا‬-⓿
It will be necessary for….to + ‫َصدز‬ ●Providing(that)
))ٕ‫اً أ‬ٜ‫ز‬ٚ‫هٔ ضس‬ٜ ٔ‫ املطتكبٌ ((ي‬٢‫ ف‬٠‫ز‬ٚ‫ْكص ايطس‬ ٌ٥‫تطتددّ نبدا‬
١‫خ‬ٝ‫ ايٓص‬Should (not) + ‫املصــدز‬ ●Provided(that)
Ought (not) to ‫يهٓٗا غري‬ٚ )If(ٍ
Won't have to + ‫َصدز‬ :١‫خ‬ٝ‫ ايٓص‬٢ً‫ ع‬١‫َٔ ايتعبريات ايداي‬
●On condition(that) ١‫ احلاي‬٢‫ ف‬١‫ع‬٥‫غا‬
Won't need to + ‫َصدز‬ ●As(so) long as .١‫ايجايج‬
It's advisable. You'd better + inf. ●Only if
It won't be necessary for….to + ‫َصدز‬ It's desirable. You'd rather + inf. )١ً‫ بعدٖا مج‬٢‫أت‬ٜ(
If I were you, I'd + inf. ●In case
I advise you to + inf. )If(ٍ ٌ٥‫تطتددّ نبدا‬
②-Prohibition :‫التخسيـه‬ It would be a good idea to + inf. ●Supposing
‫ بعدٖا‬٢‫أت‬ٜ( ‫يهٌ احلاالت‬
●Suppose ٢‫ غايباً ف‬٢‫تأت‬ٚ )١ً‫مج‬
‫ايترنري‬ٚ ١َ‫اْني عا‬ٛ‫ ق‬١‫ رلايف‬ٚ‫ ضسز أ‬٣‫تطتددّ أل‬ ّٛ‫ايًـ‬ Should (not) ●Imagine(that) ٍ‫ ايطؤا‬١‫حاي‬
Ought (not) to + Have + P.P
Mustn't + ‫َصدز‬ Can't + ‫َصدز‬ Ex/Imagine (that) you found a job in
Cairo, what would you do?
ِٜ‫ ايتخس‬٢ً‫ٖٓاى بعض ايتعبريات تدٍ ع‬ٚ
ki
It's(forbidden/banned/prohibited/ UNIT ➅ + ➇ F
::
? )In case:‫ ايسابط (حتطباً يـ‬:١‫ َالحع‬-
not allowed/ not permitted / against
٠ f f f
ٔ‫ تعرب ع‬٢ٗ‫) ف‬If( ٔ‫الً ع‬ًٝ‫ ق‬٢ٓ‫خيتًف يف املع‬
:'
ٍ‫ا‬ٛ‫اب ايػسط يف نٌ األح‬ٛ‫ّ ظ‬ٛ‫أْٓا ضٓك‬
the law / dangerous) to + ‫َصدز‬
①- Conditionals: ‫حاالت الشسط‬ :‫ع فعٌ ايػسط‬ٛ‫ق‬ٛ‫حتطب ًا ي‬
1-Chain your bike……….it is stolen.
a) in case b) should c) if d) without
UNIT ➄ _ r
⓿If (When)+ ‫ط‬ٝ‫ َطازع بط‬ ‫ط‬ٝ‫َطازع بط‬
●Unless= Except if + ١‫ َجبت‬١ً‫مج‬
. -

::
"

tf:
‫؛‬: "
; '
; < K
١‫ايعادات ايجابت‬ٚ ١ًُٝ‫ل ايع‬٥‫تطتددّ يًخكا‬
)usually-always-oftet…( ‫(َع ايهًُات‬ ٢‫ ايػسط املٓف‬٢ً‫تدٍ ع‬ٚ )If + not(٣ٚ‫ تطا‬:‫●إذا مل‬
①-Deduction :‫االستيتاج‬ ●If you heat ice, it melts.
●If he uses the computer, it always ●Without/ But for + (V-ing / ِ‫(إض‬
)‫د‬ٝ‫ ايتأند (باإلجياب) (أن‬١‫دزد‬
gives him a headache. ٢‫ ايػسط املٓف‬٢ً‫تدٍ ع‬ٚ :‫ال‬ٛ‫ ي‬/ٕٚ‫●بد‬
‫املطازع‬ ٢‫املاض‬
Must+ ‫َصدز‬ Must+ have+ P.P Will/Can ●In case of + (V-ing / ِ‫(إض‬
)..ٌ‫فع‬ٜ/ٕٛ‫ه‬ٜ( ‫د‬ٝ‫) أن‬..ٌ‫فع‬/ٕ‫د (نا‬ٝ‫أن‬ ❶If+‫ط‬ٝ‫َطازع بط‬ May/Should +‫َصدز‬ ‫ ايػسط املجبت‬٢ً‫تدٍ ع‬ٚ :١‫ حايـ‬٢‫●ف‬
Must/Have to
)‫د ال‬ٝ‫) (أن‬٢‫ ايتأند (بايٓف‬١‫دزد‬
‫املطازع‬ ٢‫املاض‬ ٢‫خ ف‬ٚ‫ ذلتٌُ احلد‬٤ٞ‫ يًتعبري عٔ غ‬١‫ احلاي‬ٙ‫تطتددّ ٖر‬ ‫ىل‬ٚ‫ األ‬١‫ٌ احلاي‬٥‫ بدا‬-❶
:ٌ‫ املطتكب‬ٚ‫املطازع أ‬
Can't + ‫َصدز‬ Can't+ have+ P.P Will
1-If he studies well, he will succeed.
)ٌ‫فع‬ٜ/ٕٛ‫ه‬ٜ( ‫د ال‬ٝ‫) أن‬..ٌ‫فع‬ٜ/ٔ‫ه‬ٜ( ‫د مل‬ٝ‫أن‬ ❶Should+ ٌ‫ فاع‬+ ‫َصـدز‬ Can +Inf
‫طتبدٍ بفعٌ أَس‬ٜٚ ‫اب ايػسط‬ٛ‫ميهٔ إٔ حيرف د‬ May
‫تعبريات تػري إىل ايتأند‬ :)Don't/ Never + ‫ (َصدز‬ٚ‫(َصدز) أ‬ …win.
●Should he play well, he will
I'm sure / I'm certain / Surely / 2-Don't spend that money if you
Certainly / Definitely / impossible don't have any left.
١ْٝ‫ ايجا‬١‫ٌ احلاي‬٥‫ بدا‬-❷
)‫ عدّ ايتأند (زمبا‬١‫دزد‬ Would
Would
‫املطازع‬ ٢‫املاض‬ ❷If + ‫ط‬ٝ‫ بط‬٢‫ َاض‬ Could +‫َصدز‬
Might ❶Should+ ٌ‫فاع‬+‫َصدز‬ Could +Inf
May May Might
Might + ‫َصـدز‬ Might + Have+ P.P ٚ‫ غري ذلتٌُ أ‬٤ٞ‫ يًتعبري عٔ غ‬١‫ احلاي‬ٙ‫تطتددّ ٖر‬
:ٌ‫ املطتكب‬ٚ‫ املطازع أ‬٢‫خ ف‬ٚ‫ٌ احلد‬ٝ‫َطتخ‬ ●Should he go early, he would catch
Could Could the train. Would
‫تعبريات تػري إىل عدّ ايتأند‬ ●If he went early, he would catch the bus.
❷Had+ ٌ‫فاع‬+‫ى‬ًٛ‫إضِ مم‬ Could +Inf
I'm not(certain) sure/likely/maybe ٔ‫ميه‬ٚ ,٢‫ك‬ٝ‫ غري حك‬٢‫ َاض‬١‫ احلاي‬ٙ‫ ٖر‬٢‫ ف‬٢‫املاض‬ Might
:‫) َع ايفاعٌ املفسد‬Was( َٔ ً‫) بدال‬Were( ّ‫اضتددا‬
●If I were you, I would...= You should… ●Had he a car, he would arrive fast.
Perhaps/expect/possible/I don't think
I have no idea/ I don't know
6
 ِ‫إضــ‬ Would ٢‫ املاض‬٢‫ ف‬١َٝٓ‫ايتعبري عٔ أ‬ ‫ـا‬ًٝ‫ٌ ايع‬ٝ‫ ايتفط‬١‫دزدــ‬-③
❸Were+ ٌ‫فاع‬+ ١‫صفـ‬
 Could +Inf
Might I wish ٌ‫ تاّ فاع‬٢‫( َاض‬Had+P.P) ١ًٜٛ‫ ط‬١‫صف‬ ٠‫ قصري‬١‫صف‬
To+Inf If only Could have+ P.P The Most/Least+١‫ صف‬The+١‫صف‬+est
●Were he a carpenter, he could fix the ‫َالحعات‬
window. The most expensive. The tallest
●Were he tall, he could play basketball. :٢‫ املاض‬٢ً‫ ع‬١‫ايهًُات ايداي‬
●Were she to sleep early, she wouldn't be (Yesterday/last../ago/regret +V-ing.. I would rather + ٌ‫ فاع‬+ ‫ط‬ٝ‫ بط‬٢‫َاض‬
tired. Would When I was / the previous..) ●I'd rather he studied now.
❹If it weren't for(n/v-ing) Could+ inf I regret wasting my time. The + ١ْ‫َكاز‬, The+ ١ْ‫َكاز‬: ‫نًُا‬..‫نًُا‬
Might =I wish I hadn't wasted my time. ●The more you study, the higher
٢‫ ايػسط املٓف‬٢ً‫تدٍ ع‬ٚ )ٕٚ‫بد‬/‫ال‬ٛ‫●َعٓاٖا (ي‬ marks you will get.
●If it weren't for his car, he wouldn't )If( ‫د مجًتني ْتعاٌَ َعٗا نخاالت‬ٛ‫د‬ٚ ١‫ حاي‬٢‫ف‬ ١ًَ‫ نا‬١ًُ‫ٕ فاعٌ جل‬ٛ‫ه‬ٜ ‫) قد‬V-ing( ٕ‫الحغ أ‬
come early. ●….. reading enriches knowledge, you
I wish + ‫ط‬ٝ‫ بط‬٢‫ َاض‬ Would+ inf should read a lot.
١‫ ايجايج‬١‫ٌ احلاي‬٥‫ بدا‬-❸ If only + ّ‫ تا‬٢‫ َاض‬ Would have+ P.P a- In case of b- If
c- Without d- Unless
Would ●If only he had practised well, he would ٌ‫ص‬ٛ‫س اي‬٥‫از حسف اجلس َع ضُا‬ٝ‫ إخت‬١‫ك‬ٜ‫الحغ طس‬
❶Had+ ٌ‫فاع‬+P.P Could +Have+P.P have won the race. ‫ َع‬١ْٝ‫ ايجا‬١ًُ‫ اجل‬٢‫د ف‬ٛ‫د‬ٛ‫ ايفعٌ امل‬٢ً‫تعتُد ع‬
Might
.‫ٗا‬ًٝ‫صٌ ع‬ٛ‫د ضُري اي‬ٛ‫ع‬ٜ ٢‫ ايت‬١ًُ‫ايه‬
-- c t t' -«
1 t
nm Ajgfri 4‫ا‬ Ml -
&‫§>ل‬ -- 1 1

●Had he studied well, he would have got

the full mark. Extra Notes 1-The age, ……she learnt reading and
.

iSt - writing was 50 years old. (at which)

If it hadn't ِ‫إض‬ Would 2-Tomorrow, I'm going to a meeting
❷ +  Could Have+P.P ......we're going to discuss women's
been for V-ing Might
❶- Used To role in society. (at which)
٢‫ ايػسط املٓف‬٢ً‫تدٍ ع‬ٚ )ٕٚ‫بد‬/‫ال‬ٛ‫●َعٓاٖا (ي‬ 3-The plan, ……we depended so much
●If it hadn't been for training hard, he didn't succeed. (on which)
① ٌ‫ فاعٌ عاق‬+ used to + inf 4-"Prisoner of Zenda" is a story……
wouldn't have won the race
٢‫ املاض‬٢‫ ف‬٠‫د‬ٛ‫د‬َٛ ‫ ناْت‬٠‫ تعرب عٔ عاد‬:)ٕ‫(إعتاد أ‬ there's a conflict of power. (in which)
‫قت احلاضس‬ٛ‫ اي‬٢‫يهٓت اْتٗت ف‬ٚ 5-She asked me where I had been,........
UNIT ➆ Did he use to..? (ٍ‫)ايطؤا‬
I replied, "It's a secret". (to which)
‫ﻣﺎ‬ (‫نتاب‬/ٍ‫َكا‬/١‫قص‬/ٕ‫ )َها‬ (In which)
He didn't use to… (٢‫)ايٓف‬ (meeting-age-height)  (at which)
①-(I Wish/If Only)‫التنيى واليدو‬ He used to smoke but now he (mean / ‫اصالت‬َٛ ١ًٝ‫ض‬ٚ)  (by which)
doesn't. (apologize)  (for which)
.‫ يًدًف‬١‫د بايصَٔ دزد‬ٛ‫ ْع‬٢ُٓ‫يًتعبري عٔ ايت‬ (reply- travel+ ٕ‫ )َها‬ (to which)
 used to play = no longer plays.
ٌ‫ املطتكب‬٢‫ ف‬١َٝٓ‫ايتعبري عٔ أ‬
= doesn't play anymore / any longer (talk/ tall)  (about which)
I wish I / We Could+ ‫املصدز‬ ٌ‫الحغ إٔ ٖٓاى بعض األفعاٍ هلا ْفظ غه‬
If only ‫س‬٥‫ ايطُا‬٢‫ باق‬Would+ ‫املصدز‬ ٌ‫ فاعٌ عاق‬+ (am-is-are) used to + ‫ إذا اضتددَت نإضِ ْطتددّ َعٗا ضُري‬,ِ‫اإلض‬
‫َالحعات‬ ② ْ٘‫ْعسف أْٗا اضِ بأ‬ٚ , ١ٝ‫) يًًُه‬Whose( ٌ‫ص‬ٛ‫اي‬
V-ing
:ٌ‫ املطتكب‬٢ً‫ ع‬١‫ايهًُات ايداي‬ .‫ بعدٖا فعٌ آخس‬٢‫أت‬ٜ
‫قت احلاضس‬ٛ‫ اي‬٢‫ َاشايت ف‬٠‫ تعرب عٔ عاد‬:)ٕ‫(َعتاد أ‬
1-Shakespeare,........plays(‫ات‬ٝ‫ )َطسح‬are
(soon/next../tomorrow/in the future) He is used to smoking . well-known worldwide, is a great
‫) يًتعبري‬Would( ‫س قد تطتددّ َعٗا‬٥‫ ايطُا‬٢‫باق‬ playwright.
٠‫ ايكدز‬٢ٓ‫) يًتعبري عٔ مت‬Could( ٚ‫ أ‬١‫ ايسغب‬٢ٓ‫عٔ مت‬ )ٌ‫ٍ (غري عاق‬ٛ‫ َفع‬+ (am-is-are) used a- who b- whose c- whom d- which
③
I wish he could play harder.(‫ع‬ٝ‫طتط‬ٜ) (to + inf) / (for + V-ing) 2-We all admire the writer…......are
I wish he would play harder.(‫ف‬ٛ‫)ض‬ ٍٛٗ‫ يًُذ‬٢ٓ‫ َب‬١‫ػ‬ٝ‫ ص‬:)٢‫ُطتددّ ف‬ٜ( bestsellers.
‫بعد‬ٚ ٌ‫) إذا نإ ايفاعٌ قب‬would( ّ‫ال ْطتدد‬ A saw is used to cut wood with.
a- who works b- which works
c- whose works d- where works
‫احد‬ٚ )I wish/If only(
He wishes he would… 3-We’ll give a prize to the company
❷- ‫مكازىـة الصفـات‬ ………..are good.
‫ املطـازع‬٢‫ ف‬١َٝٓ‫ايتعبري عٔ أ‬ ٟٚ‫ ايتطــا‬١‫دزدــ‬-①
a- which exports b- who exports
c- whose exports d- where exports
‫ط‬ٝ‫ بط‬٢‫( َاض‬٢ْ‫ف ايجا‬ٜ‫)ايتصس‬ …As + ‫ ظسف‬/ ١‫ صف‬+ as…
I wish ٌ‫فاع‬ 4-The guests ……….. stay(١َ‫ )إقا‬ended
‫ َطتُس‬٢‫َاض‬
If only He is as tall as Ali. should leave the hotel
(was/were+v-ing)
‫َالحعات‬ He walks as slowly as a turtle. a- who b- whose c- whom d- which
:‫ املطازع‬٢ً‫ ع‬١‫ايهًُات ايداي‬ Everyday + ِ‫ إض‬: ٢َٜٛ ‫ َعٓاٖا‬١‫صف‬
١ْ‫ املكاز‬١‫دزدــ‬-②
(now-at the moment-at the present..) Every day : ّٜٛ ٌ‫ ن‬ٙ‫ظسف َعٓا‬
١ًٜٛ‫ ط‬١‫صف‬ ٠‫ قصري‬١‫صف‬
He doesn't have a car. some/any/no/every (one-body) :
=He wishes he had a car. More/less+١‫صف‬+ than ..١‫صف‬+er + than ‫تعاٌَ مجع َع ايطُري‬ٚ /ٌ‫تعاٌَ َفسد َع ايفع‬
)were( َٔ ‫) بد ًال‬was( ّ‫ميهٔ اضتددا‬ More helpful than.. Taller than… ●Everyone is here. They are all happy.
G
Cj 7