Philippine National Police

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Philippine National Police

Pambansang Pulisya ng Pilipinas

Insignia and uniform patch

Badge

Abbreviation PNP

Motto To Serve and to Protect

Agency overview

Formed January 29, 1991[1]

 Philippine Constabulary (August 18, 1901–

Preceding
January 29, 1991)[2]
agencies
  Integrated National Police (August 8, 1975–
January 29, 1991)

Annual budget US$ 1.832 billion (₱ 88.513 billion) (2016)[3]

Jurisdictional structure

National agency Philippines

Operations Philippines

jurisdiction

Headquarters Camp Crame, Quezon City

Police officers 191,000

Agency  Police Gen. Archie Gamboa, Chief, PNP

executives  Police Lt. Gen. Camilo Cascolan, Deputy

Chief for Operations

 Police Lt. Gen. Guillermo Eleazar, Chief of

Directorial Staff

Parent agency Department of the Interior and Local

Government via National Police Commission

Website

www.pnp.gov.ph

The Philippine National Police (Filipino: Pambansang Pulisya ng Pilipinas, abbreviated PNP) is the
armed, civilian national police force in the Philippines. Its national headquarters is at Camp
Crame in Quezon City, Metro Manila, and it has 191,000[4] personnel.
It is administered and controlled by the National Police Commission and is part of the Department of
the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Local police officers are operationally controlled by
municipal mayors.[5] DILG, on the other hand, organizes, trains and equips the PNP for the
performance of police functions as a police force that is national in scope and civilian in character.
The PNP was formed on January 29, 1991 when the Philippine Constabulary and the Integrated
National Police were merged pursuant to Republic Act 6975 of 1990.[1]

Contents

 1History
 2Organization
o 2.1Operational units
o 2.2Internal Affairs Service
o 2.3Philippine National Police Academy
o 2.4National Operations Center (NOC)
o 2.5Divisional organization
 3Officers
 o 3.1Recruitment and training
o 3.2Retirement
 4Equipment
 5Controversies
o 5.1Manila blackmail incident
o 5.2Euro Generals scandal
o 5.3Parañaque shootout
o 5.4Binayug torture case
o 5.5Maguindanao massacre
o 5.6Failed hostage rescue operation
o 5.7"Wheel of Torture" secret detention facility
o 5.8Kidnapping and killing of Jee Ick-Joo
 6See also
 7References
 8External links

History[edit]
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The common history of the police forces of the Philippines can be traced back to the reigns of the
pre-Hispanic lakans, datus and sultans in the islands, where soldiers who served in the communities
where the people lived (and which reported directly to local leaders) also enforced local laws. All
changed with the arrival of the Spanish rule and the introduction of Western law to the archipelago.
Until 1868, personnel of the Spanish army and local militias were also tasked with policing duties in
local communities, together with the Island Carabiniers (raised 1768 and the colony's first ever police
service). In that year, the local branch of the Civil Guard was officially established by order of then
Governor-General Carlos María de la Torre y Nava Cerrada. Starting from a single division, during
the Revolutionary period it grew into a corps of military police with detachments in Luzon and the
Visayas, and was notorious for its abuses against Filipinos. (These abuses were mentioned in José
Rizal's two novels, Noli Me Tángere and El filibusterismo, both writing about several cases of Civil
Guardsmen abusing the local populace.) Civil Guardsmen formed part of the Spanish military forces
that fought against Filipino rebels during the Philippine Revolution.
With the beginning of American rule and the Philippine–American War, the Philippine
Constabulary (PC) was raised in 1901 as a national gendarmerie force for law enforcement, directly
reporting to the American government. At the same time, what is now the Manila Police
District came into existence as the Philippines' first city police force. Later police forces began to
model the US departments.
The gendarmerie force was later integrated into the ranks of the Armed Forces of the Philippines in
the late 1930s - first as a command of the Army, and later on its own after the State Police folded.
(The PC's personnel would later be fighting on both sides in the Second World War.) Following the
restoration of independence in 1946, the PC, reorganized as the military gendarmerie of the Armed
Forces in 1950, proved to be a valuable asset of the national government not just in national defense
but also in contributing to the preservation of public security against internal aggression and criminal
activity.
The formation in 1966 of the National Police Commission as the primary agency for control and
organization of the hundreds of municipal and city police departments all over the country opened
the door for a nationalization of police forces to solve the various financial, political and
organizational problems that faced the independent police forces in those times of change. By then,
the mayor's offices had overall control over the operational responsibilities of personnel of the police
departments, which caused tons of problems that needed to be corrected, such as partisan politics
in the choice of leadership appointments. During the long presidency of Ferdinand Marcos, those
problems had to be resolved. One of the many acts done during the martial law period was the
formation of a truly national police force, a process which began in 1974 when Metro Manila's police
commands were nationalized. On August 8, 1975, by virtue of Presidential Decree 765,
the Integrated National Police was officially created, which placed all the municipal and city police
forces under one national command, which was to be joined with the Constabulary as part of the
Armed Forces (as the Philippine Constabulary-Integrated National Police (PC-INP)), with the Chief
of the PC concurrently holding the office of Director General of the INP. The creation of the joint
command was only the beginning of the formation of a true national police force for the growing
republic. Despite the notorious reputation of the two services during these times for their human
rights abuses against the people, the joint command of the two services made it easy to coordinate
and plan for the future of law enforcement, as their unified command structure helped sustain the
performance of their mandate to help protect the Filipino people from criminal activity and enforce
the rule of law.
Passed on December 13, 1990, Republic Act No. 6975, the Department of the Interior and Local
Government Act of 1990 paved the way for a new era for Philippine law enforcement as the law
ordered the total merger of both the Philippine Constabulary and the Integrated National Police and
formally created the Philippine National Police. R.A. 6975 was further amended by R.A. 8551, the
Philippine National Police Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998, and by R.A. 9708. The R.A. 8551
envisioned the PNP to be a community- and service-oriented agency.
On June 14, 2019, the PNP announced that the Counter-Intelligence Task Force will be replaced
with the Integrity Monitoring and Enforcement Group.[6]

Organization[edit]
See also: Police ranks of the Philippines and Chief of the Philippine National Police
Operational units[edit]
Within the PNP operational units there are:[7]

 Aviation Security Group (AVSEGROUP)

This group provides security to all airports throughout the country.

 Special Action Force (SAF)

This group is a mobile strike force or a reaction unit to augment regional, provincial, municipal and
city police force for civil disturbance control, internal security operations, hostage-taking rescue
operations, search and rescue in times of natural calamities, disasters and national emergencies
and other special police operations such as ant-hijacking, anti-terrorism, explosives and ordnance
disposal. On a special note, the PNP Air Unit is placed under the supervision of SAF.

 Criminal Investigation and Detection Group (CIDG)

This group monitors, investigates, prosecutes all crimes involving economic sabotage, and other
crimes of such magnitude and extent as to indicate their commission by highly placed or
professional criminal syndicates and organizations. It also conducts organized- crime –control, all
major cases involving violations of the revised penal Code, violators of SPECIAL LAWS assigned to
them such as Anti-hijacking, Anti-carnapping and Cyber crimes among others and atrocities
committed by Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP)/New People's Army (NPA)/National
Democratic Front (NDF).

 Maritime Group (MG)

This group is responsible to perform all police functions over Philippine territorial waters, lakes, and
rivers along coastal areas to include ports and harbors and small islands for the security and the
sustainable development of the maritime environment.
 Intelligence Group (IG)

Philippine National Police boat on the Iloilo River, Iloilo City

This group serves as the intelligence and counter-intelligence op of the Crime Operatives (SOCO)
This group provides scientific and technical, investigative aide and support to the PNP and other
investigative agencies. It also provides crime laboratory examination, evaluation and identification of
physical evidence gathered at the crime scene with primary emphasis on medical, biological and
physical nature.

 Police Security and Protection Group (PSPG)

This group provides security to government vital installations, government officials, visiting
dignitaries and private individuals authorized to be given protection.

 PNP Anti-Cybercrime Group (PNP-ACG)

This Group is responsible for the implementation of pertinent laws on cybercrimes and anti-
cybercrime campaigns of the PNP.

 Police-Community Relations Group (PCRG)

This group undertakes and orchestrates Police Community Relations program and activities in
partnership with concerned government agencies, the community, and volunteer organizations in
order to prevent crime and attain a safe and peaceful environment.

 Highway Patrol Group (HPG)

This group enforces the traffic laws and regulations, promote safety along the highways, enhances
traffic safety consciousness through inter- agency cooperation concerning Police Traffic Safety
Engineering, Traffic Safety Education and Traffic Law enforcement functions and develops reforms
in the crime prevention aspect against all forms of lawlessness committed along National Highway
involving the use of motor vehicles.

 Civil Security Group (CSG)

This group regulates business operations and activities of all organized private detectives,
watchmen, security guards/agencies and company guard forces. It also supervises the licensing and
registration of firearms and explosives.

 PNP Anti-Kidnapping Group (PNP-AKG)

This Group serves as the primary unit of the PNP in addressing kidnapping menace in the country
and in handling hostage situation