

Contraction of
Muscles

Biology’s Report

Group 4 :
Aditya Chandra Maulana (01)
Fajrin Pradita Wina (06)
Istifiarti Mandasari (13)
M. Alief Rinaldy (17)
Savira Ayu Priscilia (23)

XI-IA 3
Sma
 Title : Contraction of Muscles
 Purpose : To observe active move and contractions muscle leg of frog
 Basic Theory :
Muscle is an active movement organ, but the skeleton is passive movement organ. We
can do some activities is caused by the contraction of our muscles. Our body can move
from one place to another place. Can strongest boxing and soften of winking eyes.
 Problem : How do movement and muscle contraction on frog legs?
 Hypothesis : The muscles will contracting if it is given by impulse.
 Instruments :
- Stative
- Yarn
- Petri disc
- Battery
- Cable
- Surgical board
- Surgical instruments

Surgical Instruments Battery

Surgical Board
 Materials :
- Muscles leg of frog
- HCl solution
- Ringer solution
- Chloroform

Muscles leg of frog

 Procedures :
1. Prepare all the materials and equipments.
2. Stunning frog by using chloroform.
3. Pierce the frog legs on the board section using the needle found on surgical
instruments.
4. Puncture the frog's head to damage the nerves to the frog is no longer active.

Puncture the frog’s head

5. Remove the skin of frogs from the body.

Remove the skin of frogs from the body

6. Cut the frog legs.

Cut the frog legs

7. Soak frog legs that have been cut in Ringer's solution before arranged in series.

Soak frog legs in Ringer Solution

8. Arrange the equipments and materials as in the image sequence.

Arrange the equipments and materials

9. Marinate frog legs with Ringer's solution so as not to become dry.

 10. Give stimuli on frog legs by using electric current in the tendon for 5 minutes,
counting each contraction for 1 minute.
11. Repeat steps no.10 work by replacing the electric stimulation with HCl solution. Used
as drops of HCl on frog legs.
12. Record observations on observational data table.

 Table of Observation :

Kinds of The number of contractions in minute- Explanation

Impulse 1 2 3 4 5

Electric 15x 13x 11x 10x 9x

Current
(Battery)
HCl Solution - - - - - There is no
contraction

 Data Analyze :

By using stimuli in the form of electric current, at one minute 15 times, in the second
minute as much as 13 times, in the third minute for 11 times, in the fourth minute as
much as 10 times, and in the fifth minute as much as 9 times.

By using stimuli in the form of a solution of HCl, there is no contraction in frog

muscle starting from the first minute until the fifth minute.

 Discussion :
1. How the effect leg of muscle if give some impulse?
There’s movement or contraction at the leg muscle if it got some impulse.

2. Between the both differences treatment which one the treatment is faster stope
the contractions and the slower reactions?
While the leg muscle of frog is given impulse by the electric current, there are some
contractions or movements at the leg muscle of frog. But, when it is given impulse by
the HCl solution, there is no contraction or movement. So, the faster contraction is
when the leg muscle of frog is given impulse by the electric current. And the slower
contraction is when the leg muscle of frog is given impulse by the HCl solution.
3. What the conclusion based on the above activity?
 Muscle’s contraction is influenced by impulse. From the experiment above, the
impulse is electric current and HCl solution. The electric current is strong impulse.
And HCl solution is weak impulse. So, the muscle doesn’t do contraction when it
given by HCl solution.

4. Muscle need some energy to contractions, were come from the energy is got ? give
explanations!
Energy is needed by muscle obtained from the flow of electricity and HCl. However,
because energy can not be created nor destroyed, so that energy can only be
changed. So, that energy comes from electricity, and has a strong energy. While the
energy derived from HCl, could be called a weak energy. It could be argued that HCl
produces little energy, but the flow of electricity produces a lot of energy to
contraction.

5. What happens if the muscle doesn’t give impulse?

If the muscle doesn’t give impulse, so the muscle doesn’t do any contractions.

 Conclusion :
The muscles do some contractions if it is given by impulse.