The chemical process industry comprises companies involved in the bulk manufacturing of oil and gas,

petrochemical, food and pharmaceuticals. Through industrial processes, raw materials are converted into usable
products such as petrol, plastics, cooking oil and medicine. However, such industrial processes may pose process
hazards that could result in catastrophic outcomes (e.g., a major fire, explosion or toxic release) if the process or
material is not managed with care. It is therefore critical to perform a Process Hazard Analysis (PHA) so as to
identify process hazards as early as possible and put in place measures to control the hazards. This publication
introduces small- and medium- sized enterprises (SMEs) to PHA methodologies commonly used in the chemical
process industry. Examples of industrial processes undertaken by SMEs include purification, dilution, mixing or
blending and packaging operations