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TFN Handouts Nursing Theorist1
TFN Handouts Nursing Theorist1
Lydia Hall was born in New York City on September 21, 1906.
She promoted involvement of the community in health-care issues.
She derived from her knowledge of psychiatry and nursing experiences in the Loeb Center the framework
she used in formulating her theory of nursing.
POINTERS:
According to the theory, the core is the person or patient to whom nursing care is directed and needed.
The core has goals set by himself and not by any other person, and that these goals need to be achieved.
The core, in addition, behaved according to his feelings, and value system.
The cure, on the other hand is the attention given to patients by the medical professionals. The model
explains that the cure circle is shared by the nurse with other health professionals. These are the
interventions or actions geared on treating or “curing” the patient from whatever illness or disease he may
be suffering from.
The care circle explains the role of nurses, and focused on performing that noble task of nurturing the
patients, meaning the component of this model is the “motherly” care provided by nurses, which may
include limited to provision of comfort measures, provision of patient teaching activities and helping the
patient meet their needs where help is needed.
CONCLUSION:
It is easy to understand from the model that in all of the circles of the model, the nurse is always presents
the bigger role she takes belongs to the care circle where she acts a professional in helping the patient
meet his needs and attain a sense of balance.
References George, J.B.; Nursing Theories: The Base for Professional Nursing Practice; 2000.
KEY ELEMENTS
Wiedenbach proposes 4 main elements to clinical nursing.
a. The Philosophy- The nurses' philosophy is their attitude and belief about life and how that effected reality
for them.
b. The Purpose- Nurses purpose is that which the nurse wants to accomplish through what she does. It is
all of the activities directed towards the overall good of the patient.
c. The Practice- Practice are those observable nursing actions that are affected by beliefs and feelings
about meeting the patient’s need for help.
d. The Art- understanding patients’ needs and concerns; developing goals and actions intended to enhance
patients ability and directing the activities related to the medical plan to improve the patient’s condition.
CONCLUSION:
Nursing is the practice of identification of a patient’s need for help through observation of presenting
behaviors and symptoms exploration of the meaning of those symptoms with the patient determining the
cause(s) of discomfort, and determining the patient’s ability to resolve the discomfort or if the patient has
a need for help from the nurse or other healthcare professionals.
Nursing primarily consists of identifying a patient’s need for help.
“The nurse is responsible for helping the patient avoid and alleviate the distress of unmet needs.” –
Travelbee
Joyce Travelbee (1926-1973) developed the Human-to-Human Relationship Model presented in her
bookInterpersonal Aspects of Nursing (1966, 1971).
She dealt with the interpersonal aspects of nursing.
She explains “human-to-human relationship is the means through which the purpose of nursing if fulfilled”
Development of the Theory
Travelbee based the assumptions of her theory on the concepts of existentialism by Soren Kierkegaard
and logotherapy by Viktor Frankl.
Existential theory believes that that humans are constantly faced choices and conflicts and is accountable
to the choices we make in life
Logotherapy theory was first proposed by Viktor Frankel, a survivor of Auschwitz, in his book Man's Search
for Meaning (1963).
Basic Concepts
a. Suffering
"An experience that varies in intensity, duration and depth ... a feeling of unease, ranging from mild, transient
mental, physical or mental discomfort to extreme pain and extreme tortured ..."
b. Meaning
Meaning is the reason as oneself attributes
c. Nursing
is to help man to find meaning in the experience of illness and suffering.
has a responsibility to help individuals and their families to find meaning.
The nurses' spiritual and ethical choices, and perceptions of illness and suffering, is crucial to helping to find
meaning.
d. Hope
Nurse's job is to help the patient to maintain hope and avoid hopelessness.
Hope is a faith that can and will be change that would bring something better with it.
Hope's core lies in a fundamental trust the outside world, and a belief that others will help someone when you
need it.
e. Communications
"a strict necessity for good nursing care"
f. Using himself therapeutic
" one is able to use itself therapeutic."
Self-awareness and self-understanding, understanding of human behavior, the ability to predict one's own and
others' behavior are important in this process.
g. Targeted intellectual approach
Nurse must have a systematic intellectual approach to the patient's situation.
Conclusion
Travelbee's theory has significantly influenced nursing and health care.
Travelbee's ideas have greatly influenced the hospice movement in the west.