University of Cebu – CE Review HGE PART 2 Set A

MIDTERM EXAM SOLUTIONS

26. A right circular cylinder having a diameter of 1.20 m and weighing

900 N is held in position by an anchor block such that 0.3 m of the
cylinder is below the water surface of the water with its axis vertical.
The anchor block has a volume of 0.5 cubic meters and weighs 24 kN
per cubic meter in air. Assume sea water to have a specific gravity of
1.03. Neglecting the weight and volume of the cable, evaluate the rise
in tide that will lift the anchor from the bottom of the sea in meter(s).
A. 0.275 B. 0.387 C. 0.425 D. 0.198
Solution:

Solution:

Given
R = 18m L = 40m
kN
 w = 9.79
Given 3
m
F =  w 
D = 1.2m W = 900N Vblock = 0.5m
3 R
  R L = 63439.200 kN answer
kN
#27 2
 c = 24 W block =  c Vblock = 12 kN
m
3
#28 ( 2 )
W = 0.25  R  L   w = 9.965  10 kN
4
kN
SGsea = 1.03  water = 9.81 2 2
3 RF = F + W = 118129.874 kN answer
m
Consider the diagram of the block to get the tension,T R−a R
in the cable #29 Guess: a = 2m
W RF

BF1 = SGsea   water Vblock = 5.052 kN

Find ( a) = 2.816 m answer
T = W block − BF1 = 6.948 kN 30. A circular gate with radius of 100 mm is submerged in water. The
water is flushed at the top of the gate. Calculate the force (N) acting
Then consider the diagram in the cylinder on the gate.

( 2 )
BF2( h ) = SGsea   water 0.25  D  ( 0.3m + h )
A. 31
Solution:
B. 43 C. 62 D. 86

Given
W+T BF2( h ) Guess: h = 1m kN
R = 100mm  water = 9.81
Find ( h ) = 0.387 m answer 3
m
Situation 1 - The canal shown in cross section in Fig. HYD 16.27 runs 40 h = R = 0.1 m
m into the paper. 2 2
27. Determine the horizontal hydrostatic force (kN). Use unit weight = A =  R = 0.031 m
9.79 kN/m3.
A. 61127 B. 58786 C. 65112 D. 63439
28. Determine the magnitude of the hydrostatic force (kN).
F =  water h  A = 30.819 N answer
A. 175002 B. 118130 C. 154207 D. 131284
29. Find the vertical location of the center of pressure from A.
A. 8.33 m B. 15.18 m C. 2.82 m D. 9.67 m
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Prepared by: ENGR. JOBERT S. DE LA CRUZ, CE
University of Cebu – CE Review HGE PART 2 Set A
MIDTERM EXAM SOLUTIONS

Situation 2 - A 60-mm-diameter pipe, 720 m long carries water at a rate Given

of 2.5 m/s. Use Ewater = 2.2×109 Pa. kN
31. What is the hammer pressure (kPa) due to instantaneous close of the D = 2m  = 30deg  w = 9.81 SGocean = 1.03
gate near the exit? m
3
A. 3762 B. 3984 C. 3507 D. 3708 h = 10m + 0.5D sin ( ) = 10.5 m
32. How long (sec) will it take for the pressure wave to travel round trip
of the pipe? h
A. 1.15 B. 0.75 C. 0.84 D. 0.97 y = = 21 m
sin ( )
33. What is the water hammer pressure (kPa) if the valve is closed in 1.2
sec?
2 2
A. 2800 B. 3400 C. 3000 D. 3200 A h = 0.25  D = 3.142 m
Solution: 4
 D
Given ( )
R P1 = P1 A h Ih =
64
m
D = 60mm L = 720m v = 2.5
s FH = SGocean   w h  A h = 333.308 kN
9 kg
Ew = 2.2 ( 10) Pa w = 1000 Ih
3
m e = = 0.012 m
Ah y
#31 Ew 3m
c = = 1.483  10 for t = 0 (instantaneous) Sum up moment about the hinge:
w s
R P1    − FH ( e + 0.5D)
( ) D
0 Guess P1 = 100kPa
Ph1 = w c v = 3708.099 kPa answer 2
( )
Find P1 = 107.358 kPa answer
2L
#32 T = = 0.971 s answer
c 35. Archimedes, when asked by King JGO if the new crown was pure gold
(SG = 19.3), found the crown weight in air to be 11.8 N and in water
#33 t = 1.2s t > T (slow closure) to be 10.9 N. What is the specific gravity of the crown?
A. 13.11 B. 19.33 C. 15.44 D. 16.77
2L 3m Solution:
c1 = = 1.2  10
t s Given
W air = 11.8N W water = 10.9N
Ph2 = w c1 v = 3000.000 kPa answer
kN
 water = 9.81
3
34. A structure is attached to the ocean floor as shown in Fig. FLD 17.61. m
A 2-m-diameter hatch is located in an inclined wall and hinged on one Note! weight in air is the actual weight.
edge. Determine the minimum air pressure, P1 (kPa), within the while weight in water is the net weight,
container that will open the hatch. Neglect the weight of the hatch and that means it is deducted by an upward
the friction in the hinge. force due to bouyancy.
A. 104.23 B. 108.52 C. 110.22 D. 107.36
Solution:
−5 3
W water W air −  water Vcrown Vcrown = 9.174  10 m
Guess:

( )
Find Vcrown = 9.174  10
−5 3
m

W air kN
 crown = = 128.624
Vcrown 3
m
 crown
SGcrown = = 13.112 answer
 water

Situation 3 - An open cylindrical tank 4 m in diameter and 4 m high is

filled with water to a depth of 3 m. The tank is revolved about its own
vertical axis.
36. Find the maximum peripheral velocity (m/s) of its rim without
spilling any water.
A. 7.12 B. 5.87 C. 6.74 D. 6.26
37. Find the angular speed in rpm if 2.6 m3 is spilled out.
A. 32.86 B. 35.65 C. 33.87 D. 31.21

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Prepared by: ENGR. JOBERT S. DE LA CRUZ, CE
University of Cebu – CE Review HGE PART 2 Set A
MIDTERM EXAM SOLUTIONS

38. What is the depth of water in the tank when brought to rest after Solution:
spilling 2.6 m3 of water? Given
A. 2.685 m B. 2.524 m C. 2.793 m D. 1.586 m kN
Solution: a = 200mm h = 400mm  water = 9.81
2 3 3
Given Vblock = a  h = 0.016 m m
d = 4m H = 4m
W water = 50N BF =  water Vblock = 156.96 N
h = 3m D = H − h = 1 m r = 0.5d = 2 m
W water W air − BF
#36 For no spillage, y 1 = 2D = 2 m
#39
2 2
 r rad W air = W water + BF = 206.96 N
y1 Guess:  = 3.132 answer
2g s
#40 W air
rad SGblock = = 1.319 answer
Find ( ) = 3.132  water Vblock
s

m #41
v =  r = 6.264 answer
s W air kN
 block = = 12.935 answer
Vblock 3
2 3 3 m
#37 Vairi = 0.25  d  D = 12.566 m Vspill = 2.6m

Note, final air volume is the volume

of the paraboloid formed when the tank is Situation 5 - A square gate 0.6 m on each side inclined at 30 degrees from
the vertical and the top of the gate is 1 m from the water surface.
rotated. 42. Find the hydrostatic force acting on the 0.60 m square gate in
Newtons.
Vspill ( )
Vairf y 2 − Vairi A. 3223 B. 4449 C. 7423 D. 3365
43. Determine the location of the force from the bottom of the gate in mm.
3 A. 320 B. 229 C. 775 D. 279
Vairf = Vspill + Vairi = 15.166 m
44. If hinged at top, what force normal at the bottom of the gate causes it
2 to open in Newtons?
Vairf 0.5 r y 2
A. 2377 B. 3366 C. 6354 D. 7523
Solution:
Vairf
y 2 = = 2.414 m
2
0.5 r

2 2
2  r
y2 y 2 2g
2g w2 = = 32.852 rpm answer
2
r
2 3
#38 Vwateri = 0.25 d h = 37.699 m
( ) 2
Vwaterf h f = 0.25 d  h f

2
0.25 d h Vwateri − Vspill

Vwateri − Vspill
h = = 2.793 m answer
2
0.25 d

Situation 4 - A 200 mm x 200 mm x 400 mm block weighs 50 N when fully

submerged in water.
39. What is the weight (N) of the block in air?
A. 356 B. 542 C. 207 D. 154
40. Determine the specific gravity of the block.
A. 1.32 B. 1.45 C. 1.52 D. 1.23
41. Determine the unit weight of the block in kN/m3.
A. 14.22 B. 12.94 C. 14.91 D. 12.07

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Prepared by: ENGR. JOBERT S. DE LA CRUZ, CE
University of Cebu – CE Review HGE PART 2 Set A
MIDTERM EXAM SOLUTIONS

Given Given
kN
s = 0.6m  w = 9.81  = 30deg kN
3 SGo = 0.68  w = 9.81
m 3
m
h = 1m + 0.5s  cos ( ) = 1.26 m
#42
2 2
( )
W o Vo = SGo   w Vo
A = s = 0.36 m
BF( Vs ) =  w Vs
FH =  w h  A = 4449.137 N answer
#45 Wo BFo
4
s 4
#43 I = = 0.011 m
12 Vs
= SGo = 0.68 answer
h Vo
y = = 1.455 m
cos ( )
3
I #46 Ve = 0.36m
e = = 0.021 m
Ay
Vs Vo − Ve
location of the force from the bottom of the gate,z
Vo − Ve SGo  Vo
z = 0.5s − e = 0.279 m answer

Ve 3
Vo = = 1.125 m answer
#44 Sum up moment about hinge: 1 − SGo
s  F − FH ( 0.5s + e) 0 Guess: F = 100kN #47
W o = SGo   w Vo = 7.505 kN answer
Find ( F) = 2377.491 N answer
Situation 7 - A cylindrical buoy 0.60 m in diameter and 1.8 m high weighs
Situation 6 - An object having a specific gravity of 0.68 is floating in water. 205 kg. It is moored to a salt water to a 12 m length of chain weighing
12 kg/m of length. At high tide, the height of the buoy protruding
45. What is the ratio of its volume submerged to its total volume? above water is 0.84 m. Density of steel and salt water are 7790 kg/m3
A. 0.32 B. 0.68 C. 0.58 D. 0.72 and 1030 kg/m3.
46. If its volume exposed is 0.36 m3, what is the total volume of the object 48. What is the depth of water during high tide?
in m3? A. 11 m B. 8 m C. 9 m D. 10 m
A. 1.075 B. 0.875 C. 1.125 D. 1.225 49. What could be the height of protrusion of the buoy if the tide dropped
47. What is the weight of the object in kN? 2.1 m?
A. 7.505 B. 7.625 C. 7.425 D. 7.875 A. 0.91 m B. 1.03 m C. 1.25 m D. 0.63 m
Solution: 50. How far is the bottom of the buoy from the ground at low tide?
A. 4.78 m B. 7.88 m C. 6.11 m D. 5.13 m

Solution:

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Prepared by: ENGR. JOBERT S. DE LA CRUZ, CE
University of Cebu – CE Review HGE PART 2 Set A
MIDTERM EXAM SOLUTIONS

Given
D = 0.6m H = 1.8m mbuoy = 205kg
kg
Lchain = 12m wchain = 12
m
kg kg
st = 7790 w = 1030
3 3
m m

cross sectional area of steel chain,

wchain −3 2
A st = = 1.54  10 m
st

mst ( y ) = wchain  y h = 0.84m for high tide

BFst ( y ) = w A st  y

2
BFbuoy = w 0.25 D ( H − h ) = 279.577 kg

summing up forces vertical

mbuoy + mst ( y ) BFbuoy + BFst ( y ) guess y = 7.16m

Find ( y ) = 7.16 m
therefore the depth of water at hightide
d ht = y + ( H − h ) = 8.12 m use d = 8 m answer #48

Depth of water at lowtide,

d lt = d ht − 2.1m = 6.02 m
(
BF'st ( x) = w A st  d lt − x )
2
BF'buoy ( x) = w 0.25 D  x

(
mbuoy + wchain  d lt − x ) BF'st ( x) + BF'buoy ( x) solve → 0.887 m

x = 0.887m therefore the protrusion,

h' p = H − x = 0.913 m answer #49

distance y' of the bottom of the buoy from the seabed

y' = d lt − x = 5.133 m answer #50

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Prepared by: ENGR. JOBERT S. DE LA CRUZ, CE
University of Cebu – CE Review HGE PART 2 Set A
MIDTERM EXAM SOLUTIONS

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Prepared by: ENGR. JOBERT S. DE LA CRUZ, CE