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Lecture2122 150406011946 Conversion Gate01
Lecture2122 150406011946 Conversion Gate01
Take into account the variations in demand and lead time of an item
Economic Order Quantity
• It is the size of the lot to be purchased which is
economically viable
• This is the quantity of materials which can be purchased
at minimum costs
• Generally, economic order quantity is the point at which
inventory carrying costs are equal to order costs
• In determining economic order quantity it is assumed
that cost of managing inventory is made up solely of two
parts i.e., ordering costs and carrying costs
Assumptions of EOQ
2AS
EOQ =
PC
Limitations of EOQ models
• Erratic Usages
• Faulty basic Information
• Costly Calculations
• No formula Substitute for Commonsense
• EOQ Ordering must be tempered with
Judgment
Inventory Control Techniques
ABC Classification
• Class A
– 5 – 15 % of units
– 70 – 80 % of value
• Class B
– 30 % of units
– 15 % of value
• Class C
– 50 – 60 % of units
– 5 – 10 % of value
ABC Classification
• One of the most important considerations of control
is the value of annual consumption of inventory
items in a year.
• Only a small number of inventory items consume a
very large share of inventory consumption during the
year.
• A little larger number of inventory items covers a
moderate share of annual inventory consumption.
• A very large number of items just cover a very small
share of annual inventory consumption.
• These facts gave birth to the concept of ABC analysis.
ABC Classification (ABC TABLE)
• It has been observed that in an industrial unit only 10% of
items have 70% of the annual inventory consumption,
• 20% of the items have 20% of annual inventory consumption,
and
• 70% of the items have only 10% of the annual inventory
consumption.
• Since 70% of the annual consumption of inventory is covered
by only 10% of the items in the inventory, these items deserve
highest attention and are classified as ‘A’ items.
• Similarly 20% of the items covering 20 % of the inventory
investment are B class items
• Balance 70% of the inventory items are termed as C class
items.